CN104583708A - 热交换器 - Google Patents

热交换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104583708A
CN104583708A CN201380043923.9A CN201380043923A CN104583708A CN 104583708 A CN104583708 A CN 104583708A CN 201380043923 A CN201380043923 A CN 201380043923A CN 104583708 A CN104583708 A CN 104583708A
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heat exchanger
pipeline
thin slice
front side
metal structure
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CN201380043923.9A
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CN104583708B (zh
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W·维尔丁
S·施瓦策
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/003—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/002—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using inserts or attachments

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种热交换器(1)，该热交换器至少具有两个集流箱(2)和一个多孔金属结构(4)，该至少两个集流箱以流体技术借助于多个管道(3)相互连接，该多孔金属结构至少部分包围这些管道(3)，其中，所述热交换器(1)具有包括前侧(1a)和后侧(1b)的板式形式，并且其中，所述金属结构(4)由多个薄片(5)构成，这些薄片分别被保持在两个相邻的管道(3)之间并在热交换器(1)的至少一侧(1a)和/或(1b)上超出至少一个邻近的管道(3)延伸。

Description

热交换器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热交换器，该热交换器至少具有两个集流箱和一个多孔金属结构，该至少两个集流箱以流体技术借助于多个管道相互连接，该多孔金属结构至少部分包围这些管道，其中，所述热交换器具有包括前侧和后侧的板式形式。
背景技术
这种类型的热交换器经常用于冷却机械的流体、例如内燃机的流体。为此，待冷却的流体流入到集流箱中并经过多个管道到达对面的集流箱。为增大表面，这些管道至少部分被多孔金属结构包围。空气可以横向于热交换器的延伸平面流动通过热交换器，并这样调节管道中的流体温度，也就是使流体冷却。
这种类型的EP 1 511 969 B1公开了一种热交换器，该热交换器具有两个集流箱和一个多孔金属结构，该两个集流箱以流体技术借助于多个管道相互连接，该多孔金属结构至少部分包围这些管道，其中，所述热交换器的形状是具有前侧和后侧的板式形式。缺点是，对具有多孔金属结构的各个管道进行涂层的方法技术方面的成本很高。此外参考EP 1 553 379 A1，其中示出了具有多个扁平管道的热交换器，在扁平管道之间设有多孔的金属结构。在热交换器的前侧和后侧上，管道处于打开状态，因此在此会容易发生例如石块撞击的损害。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，提供一种容易制造且坚固的热交换器。
该目的通过权利要求1的特征来实现。
权利要求8要求保护一种具有根据本发明的热交换器的车辆。
热交换器至少具有两个集流箱和一个多孔金属结构，该至少两个集流箱以流体技术借助于多个管道相互连接，该多孔金属结构至少部分包围这些管道，其中，所述热交换器具有包括前侧和后侧的板式形式，并且其中，所述金属结构由多个薄片构成，这些薄片分别被保持在两个相邻的管道之间并在热交换器的至少一侧上超出至少一个邻近的管道延伸。
通过由多个(相同的)被保持在两个相邻的管道之间并且在热交换器的至少一侧上超出至少一个邻近的管道延伸的薄片来构成用于至少部分包围热交换器管道的多孔金属结构，可以以非常简单和在成本上有利的方式来给管道提供增大很多的表面，该表面此外还能防护外界损害。所述薄片为此在热交换器的至少一侧上——薄片在该侧上超出邻近的管道延伸——构成了管道前面的优选封闭的遮盖面，该遮盖面将随着空气流入的微粒与敏感的管道隔开。此外还适合作为金属结构的是由金属制成的发泡材料、纤维网和精细的格栅结构。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述薄片分别在前侧上超出邻近的管道延伸。如果空气流到热交换器的前侧上并在后侧上再次流出，那么使薄片只在前侧上超出管道延伸就足够了，因为只在此处才存在值得重视的损害潜在危险。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述薄片分别设计为L形。这些L形的薄片具有由邻近的管道保持的基体部，和一个腿部，该腿部超出邻近的管道之一延伸。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述热交换器的前侧是经阳极处理的。利用硬质阳极处理给薄片的腿部涂层额外增加了热交换器的抗腐蚀性，并且此外还由于使用不同颜色的阳极处理而形成了令人满意的外观。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述薄片由铝合金制成。铝是特别适合的，因为铝具有较低的熔点，相对较轻并且成本合适。在一种特别优选的实施方案中，所述铝合金是经发泡的。金属发泡材料能够被特别容易地添加到期望的薄片模型中。
在一种优选的实施方案中，所述管道设计为扁平管道。扁平管道特别适合于将薄片持久稳定的固定于其间。这些薄片额外还可以以材料结合的方式与管道连接。
车辆具有至少一个根据本发明的热交换器，在一种特别优选的实施方案中，在装入状态下空气能流到所述热交换器的前侧上。在车辆中，热交换器例如起到用于内燃机的主冷却器或者空调冷凝器的作用。该空调冷凝器通常在车辆前端安装于装饰格栅后面。在运行过程中撞来的微粒被金属结构可靠拦截。
附图说明
本发明的其他细节和优点由下面借助附图对优选实施例的说明得出。
附图示出：
图1示出热交换器的透视图；
图2示出热交换器的剖面图。
具体实施方式
根据图1，热交换器1具有两个相对置的集流箱2，这两个集流箱以流体技术借助于多个(在此未示出的)管道3相连，使得流体能够进入到其中一个集流箱2中，并经由管道3到达另一个集流箱2，从而在该处再次离开热交换器1。管道3被由多个薄片5所构成的多孔金属结构4包围。这些薄片5由金属发泡材料制成并且具有L形的、具有(在此未示出的)基体部5a和腿部5b的构造，其中，这些薄片能够利用基体部5a保持在两个相邻的管道3之间并且所述腿部5b在热交换器1的前侧1a上保护性地超出相应的一个邻近的管道3延伸。
图2中再次以剖面图形式示出了管道3和薄片5的复合结构。两个相邻的管道3分别固定着薄片5的基体部5a，使得腿部5b能够在前侧1a上超出邻近的管道3延伸。所述薄片5在复合结构中形成了保护性的金属结构4。为了进一步提高保护作用，用硬质阳极处理给所述腿部5b涂层。在热交换器的后侧1b上，所述管道3处于部分暴露状态。在装入状态下，空气通过热交换器1从前侧1a流到热交换器的后侧1b。
附图标记列表：
1  热交换器
1a 前侧
1b 后侧
2  集流箱
3  管道
4  金属结构
5  薄片
5a 基体部
5b 腿部

Claims (9)

1.一种热交换器(1)，该热交换器至少具有两个集流箱(2)和一个多孔金属结构(4)，该至少两个集流箱以流体技术借助于多个管道(3)相互连接，该多孔金属结构至少部分包围这些管道(3)，其中，所述热交换器(1)具有包括前侧(1a)和后侧(1b)的板式形式，其特征在于，所述金属结构(4)由多个薄片(5)构成，这些薄片分别被保持在两个相邻的管道(3)之间并在热交换器(1)的至少一侧(1a、1b)上超出至少一个邻近的管道(3)延伸，其中，所述薄片在热交换器的至少一侧上在管道前面构成了封闭的遮盖面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器(1)，其特征在于，所述薄片(5)分别在前侧(1a)上超出邻近的管道(3)延伸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的热交换器(1)，其特征在于，所述薄片分别设计为L形。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的热交换器(1)，其特征在于，所述热交换器(1)的前侧(1a)是经阳极处理的。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的热交换器(1)，其特征在于，所述薄片(5)由铝合金制成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的热交换器(1)，其特征在于，所述铝合金是经发泡的。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的热交换器(1)，其特征在于，所述管道(3)设计为扁平管道。
8.一种车辆，该车辆具有至少一个根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的热交换器(1)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆，其特征在于，在装入状态下空气能流到所述热交换器(1)的前侧(1a)上。
CN201380043923.9A 2012-08-18 2013-08-01 热交换器和车辆 Expired - Fee Related CN104583708B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012016442.4 2012-08-18
DE102012016442.4A DE102012016442A1 (de) 2012-08-18 2012-08-18 Wärmetauscher
PCT/EP2013/002294 WO2014029465A1 (de) 2012-08-18 2013-08-01 Wärmetauscher

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US (1) US9664459B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2885593B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104583708B (zh)
DE (1) DE102012016442A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2014029465A1 (zh)

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US9664459B2 (en) 2017-05-30
EP2885593B1 (de) 2018-11-21
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