EP2757424B1 - Bauteil für Uhrwerk - Google Patents

Bauteil für Uhrwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2757424B1
EP2757424B1 EP13151671.8A EP13151671A EP2757424B1 EP 2757424 B1 EP2757424 B1 EP 2757424B1 EP 13151671 A EP13151671 A EP 13151671A EP 2757424 B1 EP2757424 B1 EP 2757424B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
composite material
pivots
pivot pin
pivot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13151671.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2757424A1 (de
Inventor
Cédric Von Gruenigen
Christian Charbon
Marco Verardo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Omega SA
Original Assignee
Omega SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Omega SA filed Critical Omega SA
Priority to CH00198/13A priority Critical patent/CH707503A2/fr
Priority to EP13151671.8A priority patent/EP2757424B1/de
Priority to US14/153,150 priority patent/US9377760B2/en
Priority to RU2014101335A priority patent/RU2655874C2/ru
Priority to JP2014006506A priority patent/JP2014137377A/ja
Priority to CN201910430757.7A priority patent/CN110275418B/zh
Priority to CN201410022901.0A priority patent/CN103941571A/zh
Publication of EP2757424A1 publication Critical patent/EP2757424A1/de
Priority to HK15100661.1A priority patent/HK1200222A1/xx
Priority to JP2015239940A priority patent/JP6223408B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2757424B1 publication Critical patent/EP2757424B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/02—Driving mechanisms with driving weight
    • G04B1/04—Mechanisms in which the clockwork acts as the driving weight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/16—Barrels; Arbors; Barrel axles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/022—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft with parts made of hard material, e.g. silicon, diamond, sapphire, quartz and the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B43/00—Protecting clockworks by shields or other means against external influences, e.g. magnetic fields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B43/00—Protecting clockworks by shields or other means against external influences, e.g. magnetic fields
    • G04B43/007—Antimagnetic alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic pivoting axis for a mechanical clockwork movement and more particularly a balance shaft, an anchor rod and a nonmagnetic escape pinion.
  • the manufacture of a clock pivot axis consists, from a bar of hardened steel, to perform machining operations to define different active surfaces (scope, shoulder, pivots etc.) and then to submit the axis Vietnameselleté to heat treatment operations comprising at least one quench to improve the hardness of the axis and one or more income to improve toughness.
  • the heat treatment operations are followed by a rolling operation of the pivots of the axes, an operation consisting in polishing the pivots to bring them to the required dimensions. During the rolling operation the hardness as well as the roughness of the pivots are further improved. Note that this rolling operation is very difficult or impossible to achieve with materials whose hardness is low, that is to say less than 600 HV.
  • the pivot axes for example the balance shafts, conventionally used in mechanical watch movements are made in grades of free cutting steels which are generally carbon martensitic steels including lead and manganese sulphides to improve their performance. machinability.
  • a steel of this type is known, designated 20AP is typically used for these applications.
  • This type of material has the advantage of being easily machinable, in particular to be able to bar-turning and has, after treatments of quenching and tempering, high mechanical properties very interesting for the realization of horological pivot axes.
  • these steels exhibit high wear resistance and hardness after heat treatment.
  • the hardness of the pivots of an axis made of steel AP may reach a hardness exceeding 700 HV after heat treatment and rolling.
  • this type of material has the disadvantage of being magnetic and of being able to disrupt the running of a watch after being subjected to a magnetic field, and in particular when this material is used for producing a balance shaft cooperating with a balance spring of ferromagnetic material.
  • This phenomenon is well known to those skilled in the art and is for example described in Swiss Annual Chronometry Newsletter Vol. I, pages 52 to 74 . It should also be noted that these martensitic steels are also susceptible to corrosion.
  • austenitic stainless steels which have the particular feature of being non-magnetic, that is to say of the paramagnetic, diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic type.
  • these austenitic steels have a crystallographic structure that does not allow them to be hardened and to reach hardnesses and therefore wear resistances that are compatible with the requirements required for the realization of clockwise pivot axes.
  • One way to increase the hardness of these steels is work hardening, however this hardening operation does not allow to obtain hardnesses greater than 500 HV. Therefore, in the context of parts requiring high resistance to frictional wear and having pivots having little or no risk of breakage or deformation, the use of this type of steel remains limited
  • Document is also known WO 2010/088891 a clockwise functional element, which may be an axis, made of crystalline or sintered silicon successively coated with a layer of silicon oxide, with an intermediate layer of TiN, and / with TiC and / or WC and with amorphous carbon layer (DLC).
  • DE 1174518 is concerned with a pivot axis made using an alloy comprising elements Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Mo, W in addition to Be, Ti, Nb, Ta and C.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned disadvantages by providing a pivot axis that both limits the sensitivity to magnetic fields and to obtain an improved hardness compatible with the wear resistance requirements. and shock resistance in the watchmaking field.
  • the invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic pivot axis having improved corrosion resistance.
  • the invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic pivot axis that can be manufactured simply and economically.
  • the invention relates to a pivot axis for a watch movement comprising at least one pivot at least of its ends, characterized in that said at least one pivot is formed of a composite material having a metal matrix comprising at least one metal selected from nickel, titanium, chromium, zirconium, silver, gold , platinum, silicon, molybdenum, aluminum or an alloy thereof, said matrix being charged with hard particles selected from, WC, TiC, TaC, TiN, TiCN, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3, SiC, MoSi2, Al N or a combination thereof, to limit the sensitivity of the axis to the magnetic fields.
  • the entire axis or at least the pivots have a high hardness, the pivot axis can thus cumulate the advantages as the low sensitivity to magnetic fields, and in the main stress zones, a good resistance to corrosion and wear while maintaining good general toughness.
  • the entire axis is formed of said composite material and the composite material comprises at least 75% hard particles and the hardness of the composite material is greater than or equal to 1000HV and preferably greater than 1200HV.
  • the grain size of the hard particles is between 0.1 microns and 5 microns.
  • the toughness of the composite material is greater than 8 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 .
  • the pivots are made of composite material and the latter are reported in housings formed at the ends of the axis, the axis being made of a paramagnetic material, diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic.
  • the two pivots are made in one piece of composite material and said piece of composite material forming the pivots is reported in a through hole extending along the longitudinal axis of the axis to make part and other axis, the axis being made of a paramagnetic, diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic material.
  • the invention relates to a watch movement, characterized in that it comprises a pivot axis according to one of the preceding variants, and in particular a balance shaft, an anchor rod and / or an escape pinion comprising an axis according to one of these variants.
  • the invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic pivoting axis for a mechanical clockwork movement.
  • a balance shaft 1 which comprises a plurality of sections 2 of different diameters defining classically 2a spans and 2b shoulders arranged between two end portions defining pivots 3. These pivots are intended to each rotate in a bearing typically in a hole of a stone or ruby.
  • the material of which the axis 1 is formed is a composite material having a metal matrix comprising at least one metal chosen from nickel, titanium, chromium, zirconium, silver, gold, platinum, silicon, molybdenum, aluminum or an alloy thereof, said matrix being charged with hard particles selected from, WC, TiC, TaC, TiN, TiCN, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3, SiC, MoSi2, AlN or a combination of these.
  • Amagnetism that is to say the paramagnetic diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic character of these composite materials advantageously reduces its sensitivity to magnetic fields.
  • the tenacity of the axis 1 is of the order of 8 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 for a hardness greater than 1300 HV
  • the values above were obtained from a composite material 92% WC and 8% Nickel. This provides a pivot axis with high wear resistance.
  • a powder formed of a particle of one or more hard material for example a tungsten carbide powder.
  • the powder used has a mean particle size in the micrometer range, typically from 0.1 to 5 microns.
  • the powder of hard material is then mixed with a matrix intended to form the binder between the hard particles, for example an alloy nickel (typically an alloy of Ni and titanium which during the development will allow the titanium to combine with the carbon to form carbides and release tungsten which will form a matrix NiW, as described in the patent US Patent 3,918,138 .
  • the mixture obtained is homogenized, for example in a conventional atomizer.
  • the granule obtained is sieved, typically at 300 micrometers.
  • the screened granulate is then injected into a mold having the configuration of the desired pendulum axis to form a blank thereof.
  • the mold is of course sized to take into account the shrinkage phenomenon that the axis will undergo during the subsequent sintering step.
  • the dimensions are greater than the final dimensions of the axis.
  • the axis is demolded.
  • the axis is then placed in a sintering furnace in which it is heated between 1300 DEG.C and 1600 DEG.C for about one hour.
  • the shaft is removed from the oven and cooled.
  • the axis and in particular its pivots are finally polished, for example using a diamond paste, so that it has the desired dimensional characteristics.
  • the pivots 3 of the axis are made in one piece reported in a through hole 5 extending along the longitudinal axis of the axis 1 to project on either side of the axis pendulum as shown in the figure 3 .
  • the axis is advantageously made of a paramagnetic material, diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic such as brass, nickel silver, CuBe or austenitic steel and the pivots are preferably maintained by respectively chase housing 4 or in the through hole 5.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Drehwelle für ein Uhrwerk (1), die an mindestens einem ihrer Enden mindestens einen Drehzapfen aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Drehzapfen aus einem Verbundmaterial gebildet ist, das eine Metallmatrix besitzt, die mindestens ein Metall enthält, das aus Nickel, Titan, Chrom, Zirkon, Silber, Gold, Platin, Silicium, Molybdän, Aluminium oder einer Legierung dieser Letzteren gewählt ist, wobei die Matrix mit harten Partikeln angereichert ist, die aus WC, TiC, TaC, TiN, TiCN, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3. SiC, MoSi2, AIN oder einer Kombination dieser Letzteren gewählt sind, um die Empfindlichkeit der Welle gegenüber Magnetfeldern zu begrenzen.
  2. Drehwelle (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundmaterial mindestens 75 % harte Partikel enthält.
  3. Drehwelle (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Härte des Verbundmaterials größer oder gleich 1000 HV und vorzugsweise größer als 1200 HV ist.
  4. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Größe der Körner der harten Partikel im Bereich von 0,1 Mikrometer bis 5 Mikrometer liegt.
  5. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Festigkeit des Verbundmaterials größer als 8 MPa·m1/2 ist.
  6. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gesamte Welle aus dem Verbundmaterial gebildet ist.
  7. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zwei Drehzapfen aufweist, die aus dem Verbundmaterial gebildet sind.
  8. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehzapfen aus einem Verbundmaterial hergestellt sind und dass diese Letzteren in Aufnahmeräume eingebracht sind, die an den Enden der Welle ausgespart sind, und dass die Welle aus einem paramagnetischen, diamagnetischen oder antiferromagnetischen Material hergestellt ist.
  9. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehzapfen aus einem Verbundmaterial hergestellt sind, dass die zwei Drehzapfen einteilig hergestellt sind, dass das Teil aus Verbundmaterial in ein Durchgangsloch eingebracht ist, das sich entlang der Längsachse der Welle erstreckt, um auf beiden Seiten der Welle vorzustehen, und dass die Welle aus einem paramagnetischen, diamagnetischen oder antiferromagnetischen Material hergestellt ist.
  10. Werk für ein Zeitmessgerät, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche umfasst.
  11. Werk für ein Zeitmessgerät, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Unruhwelle (1), einen Ankerstift und/oder einen Ankerradtrieb, die eine Welle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche aufweisen, umfasst.
EP13151671.8A 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk Active EP2757424B1 (de)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00198/13A CH707503A2 (fr) 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Axe de pivotement pour mouvement horloger.
EP13151671.8A EP2757424B1 (de) 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk
US14/153,150 US9377760B2 (en) 2013-01-17 2014-01-13 Part for a timepiece movement
RU2014101335A RU2655874C2 (ru) 2013-01-17 2014-01-16 Деталь часового механизма
JP2014006506A JP2014137377A (ja) 2013-01-17 2014-01-17 時計ムーブメントのための部品
CN201910430757.7A CN110275418B (zh) 2013-01-17 2014-01-17 用于钟表机芯的部件
CN201410022901.0A CN103941571A (zh) 2013-01-17 2014-01-17 用于钟表机芯的部件
HK15100661.1A HK1200222A1 (en) 2013-01-17 2015-01-21 Part for a timepiece movement
JP2015239940A JP6223408B2 (ja) 2013-01-17 2015-12-09 時計ムーブメントのための部品

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13151671.8A EP2757424B1 (de) 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2757424A1 EP2757424A1 (de) 2014-07-23
EP2757424B1 true EP2757424B1 (de) 2018-05-16

Family

ID=47713840

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13151671.8A Active EP2757424B1 (de) 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9377760B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2757424B1 (de)
JP (2) JP2014137377A (de)
CN (2) CN110275418B (de)
CH (1) CH707503A2 (de)
HK (1) HK1200222A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2655874C2 (de)

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EP3273307A1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3273306A1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3273305B1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2023-07-19 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3273303A1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3339968A1 (de) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-27 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
CH714594B1 (fr) 2018-01-26 2024-09-30 Richemont Int Sa Procédés de fabrication d'un axe de pivotement d'un organe réglant
CH715163A2 (fr) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-15 Blancpain Sa Composant d'horlogerie avec partie arbrée en alliage amagnétique.
CH715613A1 (fr) * 2018-12-06 2020-06-15 Richemont Int Sa Procédé de réalisation d'un axe de balancier et axe de balancier.
EP3666745A1 (de) * 2018-12-14 2020-06-17 Comadur S.A. Verfahren zum verlöten von komponenten aus titanlegierung mit komponenten aus keramik auf zirkonbasis für uhren und schmuck
EP3956731A2 (de) * 2019-04-15 2022-02-23 Rolex Sa Nockenartige uhrenkomponente
CN110144512B (zh) * 2019-05-15 2020-07-24 株洲精工硬质合金有限公司 铁基无磁硬质合金材料及其制备方法、应用
CN111020340A (zh) * 2019-11-13 2020-04-17 西安和光明宸科技有限公司 一种用于机械设备的合金材料及其制备方法
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HK1200222A1 (en) 2015-07-31
US20140198624A1 (en) 2014-07-17
CN110275418A (zh) 2019-09-24
US9377760B2 (en) 2016-06-28
JP2014137377A (ja) 2014-07-28
RU2655874C2 (ru) 2018-05-29
JP2016053589A (ja) 2016-04-14
CN110275418B (zh) 2021-11-16
JP6223408B2 (ja) 2017-11-01
EP2757424A1 (de) 2014-07-23
CH707503A2 (fr) 2014-07-31
RU2014101335A (ru) 2015-07-27
CN103941571A (zh) 2014-07-23

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