EP2757423B1 - Bauteil für Uhrwerk - Google Patents

Bauteil für Uhrwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2757423B1
EP2757423B1 EP13151669.2A EP13151669A EP2757423B1 EP 2757423 B1 EP2757423 B1 EP 2757423B1 EP 13151669 A EP13151669 A EP 13151669A EP 2757423 B1 EP2757423 B1 EP 2757423B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
austenitic
pivot
pin
pivots
pivot pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13151669.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2757423A1 (de
Inventor
Cédric Von Gruenigen
Christian Charbon
Marco Verardo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Omega SA
Original Assignee
Omega SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=47678580&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2757423(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Omega SA filed Critical Omega SA
Priority to EP13151669.2A priority Critical patent/EP2757423B1/de
Priority to US14/154,673 priority patent/US9182742B2/en
Priority to RU2014101336A priority patent/RU2625254C2/ru
Priority to JP2014006503A priority patent/JP2014137376A/ja
Priority to CN201410022528.9A priority patent/CN103941572A/zh
Priority to CN201910758457.1A priority patent/CN110376868A/zh
Publication of EP2757423A1 publication Critical patent/EP2757423A1/de
Priority to HK15100660.2A priority patent/HK1200221A1/xx
Priority to US14/852,074 priority patent/US9389587B2/en
Priority to JP2015240807A priority patent/JP6420752B2/ja
Priority to JP2018070668A priority patent/JP2018136328A/ja
Publication of EP2757423B1 publication Critical patent/EP2757423B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to JP2019200748A priority patent/JP2020034570A/ja
Priority to JP2021177240A priority patent/JP2022009719A/ja
Priority to JP2022155179A priority patent/JP2022173431A/ja
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/16—Barrels; Arbors; Barrel axles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/02—Driving mechanisms with driving weight
    • G04B1/04—Mechanisms in which the clockwork acts as the driving weight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic pivoting axis for a mechanical clockwork movement and more particularly to a balance shaft, an anchor rod and a nonmagnetic escape pinion.
  • the manufacture of a clock pivot axis consists, from a bar of hardened steel, to perform machining operations to define different active surfaces (scope, shoulder, pivots etc.) and then to submit the axis Vietnameselleté to heat treatment operations comprising at least one quench to improve the hardness of the axis and one or more income to improve toughness.
  • the heat treatment operations are followed by a rolling operation of the pivots of the axes, an operation consisting in polishing the pivots to bring them to the required dimensions. During the rolling operation the hardness as well as the roughness of the pivots are further improved. Note that this rolling operation is very difficult or impossible to achieve with materials whose hardness is low, that is to say less than 600HV
  • the pivot axes for example the balance shafts, conventionally used in mechanical watch movements are made in grades of free cutting steels which are generally carbon martensitic steels including lead and manganese sulphides to improve their performance. machinability.
  • a steel of this type is known, designated 20AP is typically used for these applications.
  • This type of material has the advantage of being easily machinable, in particular to be able to bar-turning and has, after treatments of quenching and tempering, high mechanical properties very interesting for the realization of horological pivot axes.
  • these steels exhibit high wear resistance and hardness after heat treatment.
  • the hardness of the pivots of an axis made of steel AP may reach a hardness exceeding 700 HV after heat treatment and rolling.
  • this type of material has the disadvantage of being magnetic and of being able to disrupt the running of a watch after being subjected to a magnetic field, and in particular when this material is used for producing a balance shaft cooperating with a balance spring of ferromagnetic material.
  • This phenomenon is well known to those skilled in the art and is for example described in Swiss Annual Chronometry Newsletter Vol. I, pages 52 to 74 . It should also be noted that these martensitic steels are also susceptible to corrosion.
  • austenitic stainless steels which have the particularity of being non-magnetic, that is to say of the paramagnetic or diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic type.
  • these austenitic steels have a crystallographic structure which makes it impossible to not to soak them and achieve hardnesses and therefore wear resistances compatible with the requirements for the realization of clock axes of rotation.
  • One way to increase the hardness of these steels is work hardening, however this hardening operation does not allow to obtain hardnesses greater than 500 HV. Therefore, in the context of parts requiring high resistance to frictional wear and having pivots having little or no risk of deformation, the use of this type of steel remains limited.
  • the document CH 477 718 describes a process for carbonitriding an austenitic steel for a watch case.
  • the aim of the present invention is to overcome all or some of the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a pivot axis that makes it possible at the same time to limit the sensitivity to magnetic fields and to to obtain an improved hardness compatible with the requirements of resistance to wear and shocks in the field of watchmaking.
  • the invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic pivot axis having improved corrosion resistance.
  • the invention also aims to provide a non-magnetic pivot axis that can be manufactured simply and economically.
  • the invention relates to a metal pivot pin for a watch movement according to claim 1 of the patent.
  • the pivot axis can accumulate advantages such as low sensitivity to magnetic fields, and in the main stress zones, hardness, in addition to good corrosion resistance while maintaining a good general tenacity.
  • advantages such as low sensitivity to magnetic fields, and in the main stress zones, hardness, in addition to good corrosion resistance while maintaining a good general tenacity.
  • the use of such austenitic steel is advantageous in that it has a high machinability.
  • the invention relates to a watch movement, characterized in that it comprises a pivot axis according to one of the preceding variants, and in particular a balance shaft, an anchor rod and / or an escape pinion comprising an axis according to one of the preceding claims.
  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a pivot axis according to claim 9 of the patent.
  • a surface area or all of the pivots is hardened without having to deposit a second material over the pivots.
  • the hardening is carried out directly in the material of the pivot axis which advantageously allows according to the invention to avoid any subsequent delamination as may occur in the case of the deposition of a hard layer on the axis .
  • thermochemical treatment which aims to diffuse carbon and / or nitrogen atoms in the interstitial sites of the alloy does not form in principle carbides and / or nitrides that could degrade the corrosion resistance of the axes of the alloy. pivoting.
  • the invention relates to a piece for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic pivoting axis for a mechanical clockwork movement.
  • a balance shaft 1 which comprises a plurality of sections 2 of different diameters defining typically spans 2a and shoulders 2b arranged between two end portions defining pivots 3. These pivots are each intended to rotate in a bearing typically in an orifice of a stone or ruby.
  • the metal 4 of the axis 1 is of the steel of the austenitic type and, preferably, stainless, in order to advantageously limit its sensitivity to magnetic fields.
  • at least the outer surface 5 of the pivots is hardened relative to the rest of the balance shaft to a predetermined depth to provide, advantageously according to the invention, a high hardness at said outer surface while maintaining a high tenacity.
  • a curing depth of between 5% and 40% of the total diameter of the pivots 3 is sufficient for application to a balance shaft.
  • the radius d / 2 is 50 ⁇ m
  • the depth of hardening is preferably around 15 ⁇ m around the pivots 3.
  • a different depth of hardening between 5 % and 80% of the total diameter d can be provided.
  • the hardened outer surface of the pivots 3 comprises diffused atoms of at least one non-metal such as nitrogen and / or carbon.
  • a surface zone 5 is cured without having to deposit a second material over the pivots 3.
  • the curing is carried out directly in the material 4 pivots 3 which advantageously according to the invention to avoid any subsequent delamination during use.
  • At least one surface zone 5 is hardened, that is to say the core of the pivots 3 and / or the remainder of the axis, can remain little or not modified without significant modification of the mechanical properties of the axis. 1.
  • the pivots 3 are rolled or polished after step b) in order to reach the desired final dimensions and surface condition for the pivots 3.
  • This rolling operation after treatment makes it possible to obtain pins having wear resistance and shock improved compared to axes whose pivots have only undergone the hardening operation.
  • step b) may consist of a thermochemical treatment such as a carburizing or nitriding of several balance shafts and / or several blanks of balance shafts. It is understood that step b) may consist in interstitially diffusing in the steel 4, atoms of a chemical element preferably a non-metal such as nitrogen and / or carbon.
  • Step b) could also consist of an ion implantation process and / or diffusion heat treatment.
  • This variant has the advantage of not limiting the type of diffused atoms and allowing an interstitial as well as a substitutional diffusion.
  • the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example but is susceptible of various variations and modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art.
  • the base material for producing a pivot axis may also be a cobalt alloy of the austenitic type comprising at least 39% cobalt, typically an alloy known under the designation DIN K13C20N16Fe15D7 typically having 39% of Co, 19% Cr, 15% Ni and 6% Mo, 1.5% Mn, 18% Fe and the balance of additives or an austenitic nickel alloy comprising at least 33% nickel typically one alloy known as MP35N® typically having 35% Ni 20% Cr, 10% Mo, 33% Co and the balance of additives.
  • a cobalt alloy of the austenitic type comprising at least 39% cobalt, typically an alloy known under the designation DIN K13C20N16Fe15D7 typically having 39% of Co, 19% Cr, 15% Ni and 6% Mo, 1.5% Mn, 18% Fe and the balance of additives
  • an austenitic nickel alloy comprising at least 33% nickel typically one alloy known as MP35N® typically having 35% Ni 20% Cr, 10% Mo, 33% Co and the balance of additives

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Drehwelle (1) aus Metall für ein Uhrwerk, die an mindestens einem ihrer Enden mindestens einen Drehzapfen (3) aufweist, wobei zumindest die äußere Oberfläche (5) des mindestens einen Drehzapfens (3) in Bezug auf den Kern der Welle bis zu einer vorgegebenen Tiefe durch Atome gehärtet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metall ein Austenit-Stahl, eine Austenit-Kobaltlegierung oder eine Austenit-Nickellegierung ist, um seine Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Magnetfeldern zu begrenzen, und dass die Atome Kohlenstoff- und/oder Stickstoffatome an diffundierten Zwischengitterplätzen der Legierung sind.
  2. Drehwelle (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgegebene Tiefe im Bereich von 5 % bis 40 % des Gesamtdurchmessers (d) liegt.
  3. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gehärtete äußere Oberfläche (5) eine Vickers-Härte von mehr als 1000 HV aufweist.
  4. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das die Welle (1) bildende Metall aus der Menge gewählt ist, die Nickel-Chrom-Austenit-Edelstähle umfasst, die mindestens 16,5 % Cr und 10 % Ni enthalten, wobei die Austenit-Kobaltlegierungen mindestens 39 % Kobalt enthalten und die Austenit-Nickellegierungen mindestens 33 % Nickel enthalten.
  5. Drehwelle (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das die Welle bildende Metall aus der Menge gewählt ist, die den Austenitstahl X2CrNiMo17-12-2+S+Cu, die Austenit-Kobaltlegierung K13C20N16Fe15D7, die Austenit-Nickellegierung mit einer Zusammensetzung von 35 % Ni, 20 % Cr, 10 % Mo, 33 % Co und dem Rest Additive enthält.
  6. Drehwelle (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zwei Drehzapfen (3) umfasst.
  7. Werk für ein Zeitmessgerät, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Drehwelle (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 umfasst.
  8. Werk für ein Zeitmessgerät nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehwelle eine Unruhwelle (1), eine Ankerwelle und/oder eine Drehwelle für ein Hemmungsritzel ist.
  9. Verfahren zum Fertigen einer Drehwelle (1), umfassend die folgenden Schritte.
    a) Bilden einer Drehwelle (1) auf der Basis von Austenit-Stahl (5), einer Austenit-Kobaltlegierung oder einer Nickellegierung des Austenit-Typs, um ihre Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Magnetfeldern zu begrenzen, die an einem ihrer Enden mindestens einen Drehzapfen (3) aufweist;
    b) Diffundieren von Kohlenstoff- und/oder Stickstoffatomen in die Zwischenräume in einer vorgegebenen Tiefe zumindest auf der äußeren Oberfläche des mindestens einen Drehzapfens (3), um die Drehwelle (1) auf Höhe von Hauptbeanspruchungsbereichen zu härten und dabei eine erhöhte Festigkeit zu bewahren.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgegebene Tiefe im Bereich von 5 % bis 40 % des Gesamtdurchmessers (d) des mindestens einen Drehzapfens liegt.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt b) aus einer thermochemischen Diffusionsbehandlung besteht.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt b) aus einem lonenimplantationsprozess, dem eine Diffusionsbehandlung folgt oder nicht folgt, besteht.
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Drehzapfen (3) nach dem Schritt b) einem Rollformungs-/Poliervorgang unterworfen wird.
EP13151669.2A 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk Active EP2757423B1 (de)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13151669.2A EP2757423B1 (de) 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk
US14/154,673 US9182742B2 (en) 2013-01-17 2014-01-14 Part for a timepiece movement
RU2014101336A RU2625254C2 (ru) 2013-01-17 2014-01-16 Деталь часового механизма
JP2014006503A JP2014137376A (ja) 2013-01-17 2014-01-17 時計ムーブメントのための部品
CN201410022528.9A CN103941572A (zh) 2013-01-17 2014-01-17 用于钟表机芯的部件
CN201910758457.1A CN110376868A (zh) 2013-01-17 2014-01-17 用于钟表机芯的部件
HK15100660.2A HK1200221A1 (en) 2013-01-17 2015-01-21 Part for a timepiece movement
US14/852,074 US9389587B2 (en) 2013-01-17 2015-09-11 Part for a timepiece movement
JP2015240807A JP6420752B2 (ja) 2013-01-17 2015-12-10 時計ムーブメントのための部品
JP2018070668A JP2018136328A (ja) 2013-01-17 2018-04-02 時計ムーブメントのための部品
JP2019200748A JP2020034570A (ja) 2013-01-17 2019-11-05 時計ムーブメントのための部品
JP2021177240A JP2022009719A (ja) 2013-01-17 2021-10-29 時計ムーブメントのための部品
JP2022155179A JP2022173431A (ja) 2013-01-17 2022-09-28 時計ムーブメントのための部品

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13151669.2A EP2757423B1 (de) 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2757423A1 EP2757423A1 (de) 2014-07-23
EP2757423B1 true EP2757423B1 (de) 2018-07-11

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EP13151669.2A Active EP2757423B1 (de) 2013-01-17 2013-01-17 Bauteil für Uhrwerk

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US9182742B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2757423B1 (de)
JP (6) JP2014137376A (de)
CN (2) CN110376868A (de)
HK (1) HK1200221A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2625254C2 (de)

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CN103890666B (zh) 2011-10-24 2017-10-13 劳力士有限公司 用于钟表机芯的振荡器
EP2757423B1 (de) 2013-01-17 2018-07-11 Omega SA Bauteil für Uhrwerk
EP2784601B1 (de) * 2013-03-26 2017-09-13 Montres Breguet SA Welle eines drehbaren Elements für Uhrwerk
EP3208664B1 (de) * 2016-02-19 2023-08-16 Omega SA Uhrwerk oder uhr ohne magnetische signatur
EP4177677A1 (de) 2016-06-13 2023-05-10 Rolex Sa Uhrachse
EP3273304B1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2021-11-10 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3273307A1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3273303A1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3273305B1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2023-07-19 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
EP3273306A1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
CH712813B1 (fr) 2016-08-15 2021-11-30 Rolex Sa Dispositif de remontage d'un mouvement horloger.
EP3339968A1 (de) 2016-12-20 2018-06-27 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Bauteil für uhrwerk
CN109557796B (zh) * 2017-09-25 2021-10-01 精工爱普生株式会社 配有磁传感器的钟表
CH715613A1 (fr) * 2018-12-06 2020-06-15 Richemont Int Sa Procédé de réalisation d'un axe de balancier et axe de balancier.
CH717663A1 (fr) 2020-07-16 2022-01-31 Richemont Int Sa Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce horlogère, comportant une implantation ionique d'au moins deux types d'atomes.
EP4327162A1 (de) 2021-04-20 2024-02-28 Acrotec R&D SA Verfahren zur herstellung eines uhrwerksdrehpersonals
WO2023036928A1 (fr) 2021-09-09 2023-03-16 Rolex Sa Élément inertiel pour mouvement horloger

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RU2014101336A (ru) 2015-07-27
JP2018136328A (ja) 2018-08-30
JP6420752B2 (ja) 2018-11-07
CN103941572A (zh) 2014-07-23
US9182742B2 (en) 2015-11-10
JP2020034570A (ja) 2020-03-05
RU2625254C2 (ru) 2017-07-12
JP2022009719A (ja) 2022-01-14
US20140198625A1 (en) 2014-07-17
JP2014137376A (ja) 2014-07-28
CN110376868A (zh) 2019-10-25
EP2757423A1 (de) 2014-07-23
US9389587B2 (en) 2016-07-12
HK1200221A1 (en) 2015-07-31
JP2022173431A (ja) 2022-11-18
JP2016033523A (ja) 2016-03-10

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