EP2696358B1 - Mittelfrequenz-Transformator - Google Patents

Mittelfrequenz-Transformator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2696358B1
EP2696358B1 EP12005803.7A EP12005803A EP2696358B1 EP 2696358 B1 EP2696358 B1 EP 2696358B1 EP 12005803 A EP12005803 A EP 12005803A EP 2696358 B1 EP2696358 B1 EP 2696358B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
medium
windings
winding
frequency transformer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12005803.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2696358A1 (de
Inventor
Wilhelm KRÄMER
Christoph Gulden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sts Spezial-Transformatoren-Stockach & Co KG GmbH
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Sts Spezial-Transformatoren-Stockach & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sts Spezial-Transformatoren-Stockach & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Sts Spezial-Transformatoren-Stockach & Co KG GmbH
Priority to EP12005803.7A priority Critical patent/EP2696358B1/de
Priority to ES12005803T priority patent/ES2705048T3/es
Priority to US13/935,141 priority patent/US9437356B2/en
Priority to CN201310325712.6A priority patent/CN103578715B/zh
Priority to JP2013167306A priority patent/JP2014039031A/ja
Publication of EP2696358A1 publication Critical patent/EP2696358A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2696358B1 publication Critical patent/EP2696358B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H01F5/06—Insulation of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/321—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof using a fluid for insulating purposes only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/06—Mounting, supporting or suspending transformers, reactors or choke coils not being of the signal type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/10—Single-phase transformers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medium-frequency transformer (MF transformer), for example, for converter transformations in the railway area, the usual catenary voltages of 15kV, 25 kV, 16 2/3 Hz and 25 kV 50 Hz, to DC voltages of 1.8 -3.6 kV.
  • MF transformer medium-frequency transformer
  • the usual catenary voltages of 15kV, 25 kV, 16 2/3 Hz and 25 kV 50 Hz to DC voltages of 1.8 -3.6 kV.
  • MF transformer medium-frequency transformer
  • MF transformers in transformation converters with power electronics developed for this purpose are connected in series on the primary side and in parallel on the secondary side.
  • This MF transformer technology can significantly reduce the weight and volume of conventional transformers.
  • Converter transformations opens the possibility to install drives in conventional trains and waggons, which are currently still covered with locomotives. This allows energy savings up to 40%.
  • the framework data for this transformation technology are 15.25 to 25 kV rated voltage and 125-170 kV surge and 48-72 kV test AC voltage, respectively.
  • EP 1 344 230 B1 is a 15-25 kV and 8-11 kHz MF transformer known whose insulation between primary and secondary winding made of mica and Epoxydharzverguss is executed.
  • Waveguides made of aluminum or copper, as in EP 1344230B1 were preferably used, in comparison to MF strands with mostly high specific currents higher losses, which must be dissipated as heat, with appropriately sized coolers.
  • the heat losses are usually with z.
  • B. the flow of pure water through low-cross-section and long pipes derived, the additional disadvantage of this type transformers, the Stromverdrlindungs-, and eddy current losses in the winding conductors. Even more important, however, is the isolation difference to conventional MF transformers.
  • JP 2010-003931 A disclose transformers with a closed housing and winding chambers, wherein not only the winding chambers but the entire housing is filled with a liquid or gaseous electrically insulating medium.
  • the core of the transformer is also located in the housing and is surrounded by the liquid or gaseous medium.
  • the transformer further comprises a closed housing consisting of electrically insulating material (50) with winding chambers for receiving primary and secondary windings, with a supply system that circulates a liquid electrically insulating medium only through the winding chambers of the housing.
  • the EP 1 344 230 B1 discloses a medium frequency transformer in which the windings consist of waveguides through which a cooling liquid flows.
  • a primary object and object of the invention to provide a medium-frequency transformer, in which all the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known MF transformers are avoided.
  • a very safe, durable and compact MF transformer with high transmission power was to be created, which is particularly suitable for 15-25 kV voltage and 16 2/3, or 50 Hz, also AC voltages, as part of the link with the transform converter volume and lighter weight and with the least use of fluid has a significantly lower fire load.
  • the medium-frequency transformer described comprises a housing made of an insulating material, in which a plurality of windings are arranged, wherein the housing is at least partially filled with an insulating fluid medium.
  • the invention is characterized in that a plurality of winding chambers filled with the insulating medium are arranged in the housing, and in each case Winding chamber is arranged at least one winding, such that mainly only the windings are surrounded by the insulating medium fluid.
  • the winding chambers are closed and separated by insulating partitions and "bottoms" and “lid".
  • the windings are positioned and fixed in the winding chambers, the winding chambers being completely filled with the insulating fluid.
  • closed winding chambers are provided, for example made of cast resin, wherein only after the manufacture of the housing parts, the windings, preferably MF strand windings 31-32 are used.
  • the invention and the technical progress is seen in particular in that not the entire MF transformer, cores, etc. is filled with insulating fluid and surrounded, as has been customary in the prior art, but only the windings of the transformer of the insulating fluid Medium are surrounded.
  • the winding chambers are designed such that the insulating fluid surrounds and surrounds only the windings.
  • the main advantage of the invention is that the required amount of insulating fluid can be drastically reduced in comparison to the hitherto known isolating fluid-filled transformers.
  • the amount of insulating fluid required according to the invention is at most 1-2% of the amount needed in a conventional container-immersed MF transformer. Due to the winding chambers filled and filled with the insulating fluid, the windings are at all times electrically insulated from the other parts of the transformer by means of two independent barriers to insulation, on the one hand the solid walls and, on the other hand, the insulating fluid.
  • the windings are used independently of the production of the winding chambers, so that any "trapped air” in the winding or forming gas inclusions are avoided.
  • the winding chambers are then filled with an insulating fluid, such as Esther 87, transformer oil, 88, pure water 89 doped, refrigerant 90, or condenser insulating oil 91, or a gas. Any air bubbles in a liquid medium can be removed by means of a vacuum process and an air separator in the fluid circuit.
  • suitable pressures and adapted voltages insulating gases such as sulfur hexafluoride, SF6 or even various refrigerants and increased air pressures would be possible.
  • liquid insulations in the form of esters, oils, doped pure water or gas are suitable for effective insulation and heat dissipation from the MF strands, windings, also feedthroughs and connections.
  • intermediate isolations tend to be of z.
  • mica in the form of minimized distances between primary and secondary windings, with inclusion of air or gas pores or columns to partial discharges (TE).
  • TE partial discharges
  • the first MF high power or traction transformers included Cu or Alu square tubes as windings, for B. pure water cooling. Despite sophisticated Winding and buffering techniques must always be expected to involve conductor detachment and gap formation from and in the insulation. In addition, there are significantly higher power losses, for example, greater than 3-4%, as in windings of MF or HF stranded conductors, which can be cooled from "outside" when appropriately closed and nested chambers are present as in the transformer described here.
  • the stranded coils enclosed by insulating fluid are substantially TE resistant because the insulating fluid is continually exchanged and / or cleaned and filtered. Because the windings are in closed solid chambers P 1-3, z. As lint or other contaminants in the liquid insulation does not accumulate between or the beginnings / ends of the windings - as in conventional oil transformers - and to deep-voltage flashovers between primary and secondary windings 32, 31 or against earth, z. B. the cores, P 45 lead. In addition, stranded windings P92 are significantly less problematic in the production as pipe conductors, which are difficult to bend during the winding process and are otherwise difficult to handle.
  • the primary / secondary windings 31, 32, 33 are nested to reduce the losses.
  • the windings themselves are preferably made of MF strand or HF strand.
  • Esther is the preferred intermediate isolation with insulating fluid because deionization cartridges etc. are not needed here.
  • Alternatives are compressed air, SF6 and coolant gases, which are only suitable for special applications.
  • electro-negative gases for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) with higher pressure, can also be used, e.g. Air or nitrogen are used, but, as mentioned, only for special applications in question.
  • SF6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • Air or nitrogen are used, but, as mentioned, only for special applications in question.
  • the Figures 1-16 show the basic structure of a MF transformer with, for example, solid ester or pure water insulation, in particular the separation chamber technique for primary and secondary windings 31, 32, the primary and secondary terminals, the hydraulic connections 59, 60, cores 45, core holding and connecting frame 50, 51 as well as the mechanical fixings in housings or cascades.
  • the transformer and cover housing 200, 201 were realized in a closed chamber technology and other functional units such as hydraulic bridges and flow channels as voltage barriers between the primary and secondary windings 31, 32 installed.
  • Carrier-sealed HV-LV terminal boxes and sealing covers 18, 25, with HV / LV insulation seals 19, 28 enable the first point-of-feeder-free MF transformers for various AC medium voltages and frequencies in DC inverters.
  • the MF transformer can be installed and used in high-voltage (HV) as well as low-voltage (LV) converter housings or transformer housings, such as floor, bulkhead or stack mounting, but can also be mounted on bulkheads with floor, ceiling or cascade mounting in LV rooms.
  • HV high-voltage
  • LV low-voltage
  • windings 31, 32, 33 are not made as previously hollow or solid conductors, but at the Place stranded MF or RF stranded coils 92 as anti-skinning and proximity conductors, the individual wires of which are e.g. B. are coated with insulating varnish.
  • nano-crystalline core material 45 is used, but this is not mandatory.
  • the heat losses of nano-crystalline material are in part passed through the housing and elastic plate pads 49 into the interior of the transformer and can be removed there. Light air currents, which are required for other cooling, dissipate the surplus heat.
  • amorphous material can be used, optionally a surface core cooling 53, Fig. 16 in the field of core separation cuts 50, 51 are incorporated.
  • FIG. 1 shows the transformer according to the invention in section.
  • the housing of the transformer is formed in two parts and consists of a transformer housing 200 and a firmly connected to this cover housing 201.
  • the housing can also be a one-piece housing, if after the winding assembly transformer housing and cover housing are sealed.
  • the transformer housing 200 comprises a plurality of winding chambers 1-3. These winding chambers 1-3 are separated from each other by insulating housing walls 4, 7 and insulating partitions 5, 6. If the transformer housing 200 is closed with the cover housing 201, resulting over insulating seals closed winding chambers 1-3, wherein in each winding chamber 1-3 either a primary winding 32 or a secondary winding 31, and optional secondary windings 33, are added.
  • the windings are connected via electrical feedthroughs 30 in the transformer housing 200 and cover housing 201 with electrical connections 36.
  • the terminal boxes 11, 17 are sealed by covers 12, 18 and insulating seals 13, 19, ie, "voltage technology", closed.
  • One or more cores 45 are arranged around the straight sides of the windings and their housings.
  • the individual winding chambers 1-3 are completely filled with an insulating fluid 87-91, for example, ester or insulating gas.
  • the strand windings 92 are introduced into the winding chambers 1-3, and the winding chambers filled with ester, transformer oil, doped pure water refrigerant or a suitable gas.
  • the separate winding chambers 1-3 without windings for example in the vacuum or Druckgelierverguss process prepared.
  • the transformer and cover housing 200, 201 arising initially without winding and can be made without errors and without pores or gaps, especially in the area of the partitions 5, 6. Even if casting defects happen, they can be found by means of special TE measurements or X-ray procedures and the faulty housing parts can be eliminated.
  • the transformer housing 200 and the cover housing 201 are either materially bonded, for example, by an adhesive connection or potting, connected to each other, or they are non-positively and / or positively connected to each other by mechanical means. by externally attached to the housing clamping devices 25, 27, 46 connected to each other.
  • fastening means 74 for connecting the transformer housing 200 with the cover housing 201 and the covers of the junction boxes fastening means 74, preferably with spring elements 45th provided that connect the cover housing and the lid self-tightening with the transformer housing.
  • Liquid insulation 87-91 combined with nonporous, thin solid partition walls 5 and 6 or more partitions and outer walls 4, 7, are advantageous because on the one hand the highest level of solid-insulation safety is achieved, and on the other hand, the heat loss of the windings 32, 31 can be easily derived via the circulating fluid insulation or circulating gas.
  • the insulating and cooling medium for. As oil, Esther, pure water or gas, z.
  • compressed air or SF6 or refrigerant gas does not have to be pumped through narrow cross-sections and long pipe lengths, but as an "outside-face coolant" is a continually-changing insulation even if there are air bubbles, eg due to non-manufacturing work are present externally in the liquid insulation and voltage is applied, there will be no defects, because the windings 31, 32 are in closed winding chambers Fig. 1 , 1-3 with insulating partitions 5, 6 are located.
  • the circulation of the insulating fluid quickly changing air bubble constellations are generated in the transformer that no breakdown or flashover because the temporary TE intensities change constantly and extremely quickly, or disappear through the permanent air separation, as a result of which isolation damage could result.
  • the individual winding chambers 1-3 comprise separately arranged on the housing 200 Fig. 1 , 60, or in the housing 200 integrated connection channels, FIG. 8 ,
  • the insulating fluid 87-91 or 106 and 107 filled in the winding chambers is forced into forced flow. Due to relatively small filling quantities, this leads to short circulation times and an effective and safe cooling on the outer surfaces of the windings 32, 31, the bushings 9, 30, 111, the terminals 76, and contacts 112, 39. This means that the dissipated heat loss of Trafos transported directly into a heat exchanger and can be passed through cooler into the atmosphere. Heat exchangers and coolers are external and not the subject of the invention.
  • the cooling of the MF transformers by means of a fluid medium is usually realized only as a side connection to the cooling of the power electronics of the traction.
  • This effective forced cooling system by insulating fluid, eg. B. 87-91 or 106, 107 has compared to rigid-hollow winding conductors with pure water cooling the advantage that the MF transformer cooling system can be used without deionization for converter semiconductors, even other components with significantly different voltages, which is a considerable simplification for the overall system of a transformation converter.
  • the housing and partitions have integrated projections or separate Distance elements, by which the windings 31 are radially positioned and fixed in the winding chambers.
  • the housings and partitions may, for example, have a wave-shaped design 95, 96 or trapezoidal 116, and separate the primary and secondary windings 32 and 31 spatially from each other. Not only for normal operation, but also for strong shaking and impact stresses. or shorts, these are wave- or trapezoidal partitions 95, 96, 116, Fig. 5 and Fig. 5A between the winding chambers 1-3 a central element of the transformer.
  • the "corrugations" or "trapezoids" of the partitions 95, 96, 116 are shaped so that the electric field strengths in the liquid and solid isolations are kept nearly the same, except immediately at the strand surfaces.
  • isolation barriers Between primary windings 32, secondary windings 31 and against earth 45, 46 there are two isolation barriers according to the invention, which "add together” and solid insulation in the form of housing and partitions 4-7 and liquid insulation 87-91, and partially external air gaps 16- 29 (FIG. Fig. 13 ).
  • the liquid insulation is constantly kept in flow during operation and forms a constantly “regenerating fluid insulation” at the insulation-relevant points in and outside of the MF transformer.
  • the composite small and large impact lengths or creepage distances 16-29 and 42-55 in and on the terminal boxes 11, 17 and bushings 9, 30 belong to interrupted by isolating distances, creepage distance concept.
  • the spacings of the respective windings 32, 31 to the separating and outer walls 5, 6, 4, 7, between which liquid insulation 87-91 or gas insulation 106, 107 is filled, are on average about the same as the thickness of the insulating partitions. This results in a high level of combined safety and compliance with or below the specified TE thresholds
  • the securities add up in several respects, on the one hand due to the test-technically ensured pore or microporous freedom of the partitions and outer walls of the winding chambers, as well as the continuously exchanging liquid or gas insulation in all parts of the transformer, including axially and radially in the winding chambers 1-3 and the implementation areas 9, 30, ff. Unlike solid insulation, conductive channeling is virtually eliminated in all parts of the insulation.
  • the partitions 5, 6 between primary and secondary winding chambers 1-3 offset mirror images of each other arranged wave contours 95, 96 which keep the coils 92 (31-32) always "centered" between the partitions 95, 96 and fix. That is to say that sides of the winding opposite the wave crests always have a double liquid or gas insulation in addition to a solid insulation 87-91 and 106, 107, respectively.
  • FIGS. 1 and 8th show that joints between the housing walls 4, 7 and partitions 5, 6 of the transformer housing 200 and the cover housing 201 are provided with recessed into grooves 99 hydraulic-electric chamber seals 68-71.
  • the axial distances 97 98 are reduced to the respective limitations on the groove bottom 99 of the transformer / cover housing with dimensioned passage / surface resistances in the range 97, 98, 99 field strengths that at shock or intro LCD voltage, still sufficient reserves are available.
  • the grooves 99 of the cover housing if dispensed with the possibility of disassembly, are filled with metered-dose electrically high-strength adhesive resins, the groove base is placed in the subsequent assembly and curing dare to "down".
  • adhesively prepared grooves of the dividing wall joints of the cover housing 201 can be filled with adhesive resin before the gaskets are inserted into the grooves 99 so that transformer and cover housing 200, 201 are solid-insulated and mechanically become a single housing part.
  • primary and secondary windings 32, 32 are mounted prior to joining with feedthroughs and seals, and the groove-adhesive fillings are dimensioned such that after the transformer housing has been placed in the cover housing, the adhesive resin 101 does not emerge from the grooves 99.
  • the groove surfaces and the uppermost Tennwandpartien be in the field of gluing the transformer and cover housing Fig. 8 . 9 so Klebe- treated that transformer and cover housing are materially connected, wherein the inner partitions 5, 6 and the housing inner and outer walls 4 and 7 by the adhesive bond 104 to be closed housing units.
  • seal compound 68-71 is sufficient for conventional nominal voltage levels.
  • transformer and cover housing 200 201 with fittings 25, 27 and additional pressure build-up on transformer and cover housing by means of straps 46, via cores 45 and elastic-compressible plate pads 49 are dispensed with.
  • Such effective options for converter transformations also allow, e.g. B. up to 8-10 MF transformers stacked on top of each other or side by side, as in the Figures 10 is shown. Such an arrangement of several transformers leads to volume / weight reductions of the transformation converter, Figures 10 ,
  • FIGS. 10E, 10F An even more drastic reduction in volume is shown by the FIGS. 10E, 10F on. Proceeding to the FIGS. 10A to 10D is in this proposal, only the inner part of the recent transformer housing Fig. 1-9 used.
  • the secondary single chambers 1-3 are in any multiple transformer collectives z. B. 3, 5 or 10 transformers to common, ie multiple secondary winding spaces, with the reduction potential of the omission of many outer walls 7 to a common outer wall 129 of the multiple MF transformer, but also internal interconnections under liquid and gas insulation, at least on LV-side.
  • the cores would be arranged per single or multi-integrated transformer in the atmosphere rather than in the oil or gas insulation.
  • Transformer and cover housing would be made in example 3, 5, 10-fold execution.
  • FIGS. 10A to 10F are another densification and weight reduction of converter transformation, which are a possible progression from single MF transformer to multiple MF arrangements.
  • FIG. 2 In particular, the electrical connections and feedthroughs to the windings and the seals between transformer housing 200 and cover housing are shown.
  • preferably cast-in-place spacers 98 for the windings 31, 32 are placed to the chamber bottoms so that the windings are analogous to the pitches of the winding spirals on the height-graded spacers Fig. 2 98, without obstructing the flow of the insulating fluid 87-91.
  • the counter-holder for the windings 31, 32 form the housing cover Fig. 1 with elastic spacers 110 or spacers 109 with which the windings 32, 31, 33 fixed with spring force, that is held vibration-resistant.
  • Primary and secondary windings 32, 31 are provided with a series of spacers 109 and spacer sheets 110 at spaced distances from the lid housing 201 Fig. 1 . 2 held.
  • the windings are held by the corresponding formed with wavy or trapezoidal projections partitions.
  • Fig. 4 . 5 . 7 the projections or spacers directly to the windings of primary, 32 and secondary winding 31 to arrange.
  • the housing walls and partitions 4-7 are not wavy or trapezoidal but smooth Fig. 8A-E and form oval shapes around the cores 45.
  • a centering and fixing of the windings 31, 32 and uniform "insulating thicknesses" of the insulating fluid in the winding chambers 1-3 on all sides around the windings Fig. 8B are given, z. B.
  • the thickness of the liquid insulation in the region of the passages 9, 30 reaches almost twice the values, as at the radial regions of the windings / winding chambers. This, so that in the area of field-deforming configurations, for example, the bushings larger proportions of the rated and the test voltages and their electric fields are shifted into the liquid insulation and degraded, or the stronger radii of the bushings 9, 30 in the field Cone bores 64 and the radial spacings of the winding, separating or outer walls significantly lower TE field strengths obtained.
  • Fig. 4 . 1 . 2 are the bushings 9, 30 with soldering pockets, against rotation Fig. 1 . 2 , 113 arrested.
  • the seals around the bushings 9, 30 are in the cone bores Fig. 4 , 64 pressed and stretched in the insertion 64 radially deforming.
  • All forms, including options of closed winding chambers 1-3 for primary 32 and secondary windings 31 are designed so that the hydraulic-electric seals 68-71 also optionally described the adhesive addition measures, 99 -102, between transformer and cover housing are outside of the highest electric field strengths, which are directly on first and last turns of the primary / secondary windings 32, 31 and to the soldering pockets Fig. 2 . 8th , 38 attach the bushings.
  • Eingussarmatur screw 73 with clamping force adjustment 115 to compensate for setting operations of the seals 68-71 provided over 68-71 surface pressure on the housing and partitions 4-7 between transformer and cover housing Fig.1 . 2 , 200, 201 exercise. Thereby, the escape of ester or insulating media 87-91 or under higher pressure insulating gas 106, 107 from the closed housing 200, 201 is effectively excluded.
  • the housing and partitions 4-7 form the solid insulating barriers of the winding chambers 1-3.
  • the insulating fluid 87-91 is supplied via an upper hydraulic port 59 and passed in parallel into the outer winding chambers 1 and 3. From there, the insulating fluid is conducted from the outer chambers 1,3 via a hydraulic bridge 60 to the inner winding chamber 2, from where the fluid is discharged through the chamber to the lower hydraulic port 59.
  • the flow direction of the insulating fluid can also be reversed 180 °.
  • the supply of the insulating fluid to the hydraulic connections 59 can take place via external insulating hose connections.
  • the hydraulic bridge could also be integrated in the housing of the transformer FIG. 9 , 103.
  • a bubble-free fluid-Um MUST the windings and all voltage-carrying parts with insulating fluid is thereby secured in the primary and secondary connections that grommets 9, 30, in the conical holes 64 for HV and LV connections in the transformer housing 200 and the cover housing 201 pressurized after vacuum pretreatment.
  • the insulating fluid 87-91 in the winding chambers 1-3 is preferably hydraulically maintained under pressure.
  • the MF transformer isolation principle according to the invention continuous series connection: solid partition walls 5, 6 and regenerating liquid insulation 68-71 or insulating gas 106, 107 is implemented without gaps, by all windings 32, 31, 33, with continuous chamber-shaped cavity solid insulation and liquid insulation Refills 68-71 were realized, which guarantee electrical and mechanical safety of the MF transformer.
  • the GU winding 33 was realized as a surface winding 33-35.
  • the GU winding 33 is preferably designed as a film winding 35 and is joined in a double insulation 34 enclosing on both sides.
  • Pos. 35 shows that the GU winding between the 1st and 2nd layer of the primary winding 32 is placed.
  • the film surface winding encloses Fig. 2 . 8th a stranded wire 35 so that a the leakage inductance lowering coverage between 1, 2 - given position to the primary and secondary winding winding.
  • connection, 30, and related to> 25 kV transformers it is optionally possible to separate the cores 45 with insulating caps and foils so that the cores do not act as continuous conductors but z. B. to a core number potential cascade between the HV, 11 and LV terminal boxes 17, are. This also applies to the GU connection 118 and the LV wiring box with 24, 28, 119, 27.
  • TE-triggering electrical field strengths are also avoided between terminal boxes and cores, for example, by insulating material recesses in the terminal boxes Fig. 4 , 42 in the HV and LV terminal box and under the elastic plates 49, Fig. 4 . 15 are provided, which additionally provide the cores on the HV and LV side at locations with increased E-field strength with air intermediate distances. These air gap inserts, to and between the cores that improve the field gradients, have been made to provide safe isolation configurations even outside the transformer.
  • the cores 45, 46 are held on the inside with transformer and cover housing and the elastically compressible plate pads 49 so that core weights and shaking forces on the elastic plate pads 49 of cover and transformer housing Fig. 1 . 2 . 12 . 13 clamp, axially with the core frame 50, 51, which also put on the inner sides of the intermediate plates 49 and act on the screwed frame parts 50 or 51.
  • the axial clamping device of the cores is in the Figures 15A-15C as well as the determination of the nuclei.
  • the cores 45 are tightened by screws, nuts 58 and tension springs 79, 80 by the frame members 50, 51 are axially compressed.
  • clamping bolts for clamping the cores were usually provided outside on transformer housings. These clamping bolts usually represented galvanic bridges between the low-voltage and high-voltage sides of the transformer.
  • sprues 73 are arranged on the housing with MS voltage levels. In the sprues fittings are fastened, which the clamping frames 50, 51, with which the cores 45 are tensioned and held 79, 80th
  • Fig. 16 Furthermore, the connection of the frame parts 50, 51 with a metal rod part 53, 54 is shown, which, however, can also be exchangeable as a cooler with insulating liquid 87-91 or air, gas 106, 107.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
EP12005803.7A 2012-08-10 2012-08-10 Mittelfrequenz-Transformator Active EP2696358B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12005803.7A EP2696358B1 (de) 2012-08-10 2012-08-10 Mittelfrequenz-Transformator
ES12005803T ES2705048T3 (es) 2012-08-10 2012-08-10 Transformador de frecuencia media
US13/935,141 US9437356B2 (en) 2012-08-10 2013-07-03 Medium frequency transformer
CN201310325712.6A CN103578715B (zh) 2012-08-10 2013-07-30 中频变压器
JP2013167306A JP2014039031A (ja) 2012-08-10 2013-08-12 中波変圧器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12005803.7A EP2696358B1 (de) 2012-08-10 2012-08-10 Mittelfrequenz-Transformator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2696358A1 EP2696358A1 (de) 2014-02-12
EP2696358B1 true EP2696358B1 (de) 2018-10-10

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Publication number Publication date
CN103578715A (zh) 2014-02-12
EP2696358A1 (de) 2014-02-12
CN103578715B (zh) 2017-06-09
US20140159846A1 (en) 2014-06-12
US9437356B2 (en) 2016-09-06
ES2705048T3 (es) 2019-03-21
JP2014039031A (ja) 2014-02-27

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