EP2688743A1 - Verbundwerkstoff und strukturbauteil für ein kraftfahrzeug - Google Patents

Verbundwerkstoff und strukturbauteil für ein kraftfahrzeug

Info

Publication number
EP2688743A1
EP2688743A1 EP12710249.9A EP12710249A EP2688743A1 EP 2688743 A1 EP2688743 A1 EP 2688743A1 EP 12710249 A EP12710249 A EP 12710249A EP 2688743 A1 EP2688743 A1 EP 2688743A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite material
fiber
layer
fibers
plastic layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12710249.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Oliver Kleinschmidt
Peter Klauke
Thorsten Boeger
Ingo Rogner
Oliver Hennig
Christoph Filthaut
Lothar Patberg
Stefan Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Publication of EP2688743A1 publication Critical patent/EP2688743A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
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    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite material in the form of a layer material of flat, superimposed
  • the invention relates to a
  • Structural component which is made of such a composite material.
  • Weight saving as well as the component strength is of great importance. For safety reasons, care must be taken to ensure that it is used during normal operation
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, the aforementioned and previously described in more detail
  • the aforementioned object is achieved in a composite material according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the fiber-reinforced plastic layer has a matrix based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and / or a mixture thereof. Furthermore, the aforementioned object is in a
  • Structural component according to claim 15 achieved in that the composite material is a composite material according to one of
  • Claims 1 to 14 is.
  • the invention has recognized that by using a matrix of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and / or mixtures thereof, the material properties of the composite or of the structural component with respect to weight reduction on the one hand and increase in strength and / or increase in stiffness on the other hand in a surprisingly cost-effective manner
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic layer On the one hand, it can be provided at low cost and, on the other hand, it allows such high strengths and / or
  • the metallic layer can therefore be formed from a low-cost metal with a small layer thickness. Overall, therefore, even in
  • Structural component is that this or this a coating, in particular a cathodic dip painting, can be subjected.
  • the layers preferably have constant or at least
  • structural components are produced from the composite materials by forming.
  • structural components are present example
  • Chassis parts parts of the subfloor, floor panels,
  • Structural components can if necessary, but also parts of be understood visible outer skin of a motor vehicle, even if this in the normal operation of the
  • Motor vehicle primarily have no supporting function. In particular, however, due to the material properties of structural components in question, which have a supporting function and / or serve to receive and / or dissipation of forces that act on the vehicle in the event of a crash, for example.
  • chassis parts come in particular cross member,
  • Subframe handlebars, pivot bearings, stabilizers,
  • Chassis parts are generally components that are functionally related to the chassis or the driving characteristics of the motor vehicle and thus the safety requirements for motor vehicles. Under motor vehicles can in this context too
  • Structural components can also be used in building technology
  • the metallic layer is provided as an outer layer because it can protect the fiber reinforced plastic layer against adverse external influences such as impacts, elevated temperatures and the like.
  • two metallic layers can be provided, which are then preferably provided as outer layers of the composite.
  • the outer layers can also transform the
  • the plurality of metallic layers have the same thickness and / or the same material.
  • the one metallic layer or the plurality of metallic layers can also assume a safety function and prevent a total failure of the structural component, if the fiber-reinforced plastic layer fails even at low elongation.
  • Plastic layer provided. This can be designed so that it can bear a higher elongation and thus also counteracts a total failure. Alternatively or additionally, the fiber-free plastic layer can also serve to absorb compressive forces. In principle, it makes sense if the at least one fiber-free plastic layer is likewise based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide or mixtures thereof. This leads to an improvement in the properties of the composite and / or the adhesion or connection between the fiber-reinforced and the fiber-free plastic layer, if they are provided adjacent to each other, as is preferred. In particular, it is preferred if the plastics of the fiber-free plastic layer and the matrix of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer are identical or even identical.
  • Fiber-reinforced plastic layer and / or the fiber-free plastic layer may preferably comprise polyethylene (PE).
  • PE polyethylene
  • PA polyamide
  • polyethylene do not form separate layers. It is rather a so-called blend of the plastics mentioned.
  • the polyethylene is rather a so-called blend of the plastics mentioned.
  • Plastic layer may be 3 wt .-% to 40 wt .-%, preferably 5 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, amount.
  • Plastic layer and / or the fiber-free plastic layer styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) to the
  • Adhesive properties of the corresponding layer to improve. This is especially the case when the polyamide further components, such as polyethylene, are added, which have a reduced adhesive property. With regard to the adhesion, in particular the adhesion to the metallic layer can be problematic. Also, by adding
  • Polyamide can be improved. This is the case in particular with regard to added polyethylene.
  • Plastic layer may be 0.5% to 10% by weight, preferably
  • the proportion of the fibers of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer can be based on the fiber-reinforced
  • Plastic layer up to 65 vol .-% and based on the
  • fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer are inorganic fibers, organic fibers and / or
  • Plastic fibers in question each depending on the desired properties.
  • inorganic fibers glass fibers, boron fibers and basalt fibers can preferably be used, while as organic fibers in particular
  • Plastic fibers offer aramid fibers or
  • Fibers are set in the matrix of the fiber reinforced plastic layer.
  • the arrangement may be isotropic or anisotropic, for example because the tensile strength should be isotropic or anisotropic.
  • the fibers may be stochastically distributed or ordered, preferably present as a scrim, knitted fabric, woven fabric, non-woven and / or unidirectional layers in the fiber-reinforced plastic layer. Especially in unidirectional layers, a maximum tensile strength of, in particular tensile stressed, structural components can be adjusted in the preferred direction of the fibers. In addition, it is possible, in particular complex structural components without difficulty by forming produce when the fibers are unidirectional aligned and bends in
  • the at least one metal layer consists of a steel, for example carbon steel or stainless steel, or an aluminum material.
  • Aluminum is preferred over steel not in terms of cost but in weight.
  • the metal layer has a tensile strength which corresponds at most to the tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer, in particular at most 700 MPa, preferably at most 650 MPa and more preferably less than 450 MPa.
  • the tensile strength which corresponds at most to the tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer, in particular at most 700 MPa, preferably at most 650 MPa and more preferably less than 450 MPa.
  • Plastic layer may alternatively or additionally be provided very thin metal layers, which may have a thickness between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, preferably at most 0.75 mm. To save metal and thus weight and / or cost, the at least one metal layer recesses, indentations and / or openings. These are then preferably distributed uniformly over the metal layer.
  • the at least one metal layer may alternatively have a proportion of not more than 50% by volume, based on the
  • the cross sections of the composite material have a maximum metal content of 50%.
  • the total thickness of the composite material may be between 0.5 mm and 4.0 mm, in particular between 1.0 mm and 3.0 mm.
  • a bonding agent layer in particular with a thickness of 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm, is provided.
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic layer has a
  • Plastic layer made of polyamide has not been taken into account in the calculation.
  • Plastic layer t FK on the other hand. Materials of metallic layers and fiber reinforced
  • Plastic layer correspond to those of Example 1.
  • the tensile strength of the fiber-free plastic layer of polyamide has not been taken into account in the calculation.
  • FIG. 1-8 shows layer structures of eight embodiments of the composite material according to the invention in
  • Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a layer structure of a composite material which has two outer metallic layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Adjacent to the metallic ones Layers 2, 3 are fiber-reinforced plastic layers 4, 4 'which consist of a polyamide-based matrix and a fiber layer introduced therein. Enclosed by the fiber-reinforced plastic fabric layers 4, 4 'is a core layer in the form of a fiber-free plastic layer 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a layer structure of a composite material 6, which has two outer metallic layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Adjacent to the metallic layers 2, 3, two fiber-free synthetic textile layers 5, 5 'are provided in this exemplary embodiment
  • Plastic layer 7 has a polyamide matrix and a fabric with perpendicular to each other extending carbon fibers and a fiber content of 45 vol .-%. The tensile strength and density of the fiber reinforced plastic layer
  • FIG. 3 shows a layer structure of a composite material 8, which has two outer metallic layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Adjacent to the metallic layers 2, 3, two fiber-free plastic layers 5, 5 'are provided in this embodiment
  • Plastic layer 4 is formed in this case by a fiber fabric in a polyamide-based matrix.
  • a layer structure of a composite material 10 is shown, the two outer metallic layers 2,3 as having outer cover layers. Between the two outer ones
  • Cover layers is a core layer of one
  • the matrix consists of a polyamide-based plastic, in which in one
  • Preferred direction oriented short fibers are distributed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a layer structure of a composite material 12 which has two outer metallic layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Between the two outer ones
  • Cover layers is a core layer of one
  • the matrix consists of a polyamide-based plastic in which fibers
  • Fig. 6 is a layer structure of a composite material
  • Cover layers is a core layer, the fiber-reinforced from three separate, adhering layers
  • Plastic layers 15 is composed.
  • the layers of fiber-reinforced plastic layers 15 may be constructed identically or differently with regard to the polyamide-based matrix and with regard to the type and arrangement of the fiber material.
  • FIG. 7 shows a layer structure of a composite material 16 according to example 1.
  • the outer cover layers are formed by identical metallic layers 2, 3 having layer thicknesses of 0.25 mm each.
  • On the inner sides of the outer cover layers are fiber-reinforced plastic layers 7,7 'with layer thicknesses of also 0.25 mm each arranged, via adhesion promoter 17 with the metallic layers are connected.
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic fabric layer 7, 7 'in this case has a polyamide matrix and a fabric with carbon fibers running at right angles to one another and a fiber content of 45% by volume.
  • the core layer is formed by a 0.5 mm thick, fiber-free, polyamide layer 5. Because the plastic of the fiber reinforced
  • Plastic layer 5 similar, if not identical, adhere to the plastic layers 5,7,7 'without the use of a bonding agent together.
  • FIG. 8 shows a layer structure of a composite material 18 according to example 2.
  • the outer cover layers are formed by identical metallic layers 2, 3 having layer thicknesses of 0.5 mm or 0.75 mm.
  • fiber-free polyamide layers 5, 5 ' are provided which adhere to the metallic layers 2, 3 without the use of an adhesion promoter.
  • the core layer is formed by a fiber-reinforced polyamide-based plastic layer 7.
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic layer 7 has a polyamide matrix and a fabric with perpendicular to each other extending carbon fibers and a fiber content of 45 vol .-%. The tensile strength and the density of
  • FIG. 9 shows a structural component 20 formed from a composite material of the type described above by deformation. In this case, it is a tunnel reinforcement.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
EP12710249.9A 2011-03-24 2012-03-21 Verbundwerkstoff und strukturbauteil für ein kraftfahrzeug Withdrawn EP2688743A1 (de)

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PCT/EP2012/054940 WO2012126923A1 (de) 2011-03-24 2012-03-21 Verbundwerkstoff und strukturbauteil für ein kraftfahrzeug

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JP2014509971A (ja) 2014-04-24
DE102011015071A1 (de) 2012-09-27
US20140178633A1 (en) 2014-06-26

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