EP2446450A1 - Déclencheur magnétique - Google Patents

Déclencheur magnétique

Info

Publication number
EP2446450A1
EP2446450A1 EP10747566A EP10747566A EP2446450A1 EP 2446450 A1 EP2446450 A1 EP 2446450A1 EP 10747566 A EP10747566 A EP 10747566A EP 10747566 A EP10747566 A EP 10747566A EP 2446450 A1 EP2446450 A1 EP 2446450A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
magnetic
bobbin
base
permanent magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10747566A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2446450B1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Kulke
Thomas Roschke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Original Assignee
Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH filed Critical Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Publication of EP2446450A1 publication Critical patent/EP2446450A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2446450B1 publication Critical patent/EP2446450B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H01H71/322—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with plunger type armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic release comprising at least one yoke having an armature opening, in which an at least a portion of the bobbin with at least one excitation coil coaxially enclosed and acted upon by the force of a prestressed spring element anchor is placed, which in deenergized excitation coil by the magnetic holding force of Permanent magnet remains in a first end position, wherein the permanent magnet are arranged together with an armature and permanent magnet extending base in the region of the first end of the armature, and the second end position of the armature by brief energization of the excitation coil with the concomitant lowering of the magnetic holding force and the case effective spring force is achieved.
  • Such trained bistable magnetic release or release magnets are used in many variants in circuit breakers and other devices.
  • Short tripping times are achieved, for example, by a low armature mass, as taught by JP 2005 268 031 or CA 0227 1327 by using a drilled armature.
  • the goal of switching with only a small release energy can be achieved by a bypass in the magnetic circuit according to the documents US Pat. No. 3,922,957 or US Pat. No. 3,792,390.
  • the spring If the spring is not outside the magnetic circuit or inside the armature, it will be routed directly to the armature. As a result, the spring constant remains relatively high and the energy yield is small. However, the favorable for the spring constant solutions cause problems in the armature guide or alignment on the base. However, if the spring is guided in the armature, there is great metallic friction. The spring tends to buckle. Both are undesirable.
  • the object of the invention is now to propose a magnetic release, which has a high energy yield and a short trip time with only low energy release.
  • the magnetic release comprises at least one yoke having an armature opening, in which an armature coaxially enclosed by at least one section of the coil body with at least one exciter coil and acted upon by the force of a prestressed spring element is placed.
  • the depressed or not extended anchor remains in energized excitation coil by the magnetic holding force of a permanent magnet in a first end position and is held there.
  • the permanent magnet is arranged together with a socket extending between the armature and the permanent magnet in the region of the first end of the armature.
  • the second end position of the armature is achieved by short-term energization of the exciter coil with the concomitant lowering of the magnetic holding force and thereby effective spring force.
  • Characteristic of the invention is that the armature opening facing away from the first end of the armature is guided centered in the bobbin and the armature opening facing the second end of the armature is guided also centered by a centering ring centered in the bobbin.
  • the centering ring of highly permeable material abuts the yoke at the armature opening, has direct metallic contact and is radially movable to compensate for tolerances.
  • the base is also centered in the bobbin, the centering together with the bobbin ensures the planar support of the armature in the region of the first end without tilting and always ensures maximum holding forces by the planar support of the armature.
  • the spring element has a larger diameter than the armature and the magnetic flux commutes when triggered by a main circuit to a shunt.
  • a short current pulse in the exciter coil creates a magnetic field in the armature that is opposite to that of the permanent magnet. Due to the superimposition of both magnetic fields, the magnetic flux is briefly displaced from the armature and conducted into the bypass (commutation). By the briefly strong weakened magnetic holding force, the spring element can accelerate the anchor and move to the second stable end position.
  • the centering of the armature and the base according to the invention lead to a low anchor play and to only a very slight tilting of the armature, which is accompanied by a reliable triggering behavior of the magnetic release.
  • the armature is mounted on two points referenced above the bobbin, on the second side in the bobbin, on the first side in the centering ring centered in the bobbin.
  • the tolerance chain thus remains short and the fits can be narrow.
  • a maximum guide length and a precise anchor guide are achieved even with a short anchor.
  • the magnetic release according to the invention is very reliable and is characterized by maximum performance. Due to the exact anchor guide, the scatter of the release parameters is severely limited. At the same time, demands for high energy yield, short tripping time and low electrical tripping energy are met.
  • the present invention provides a good compromise between the desired ideal values and high manufacturing reliability. With the present invention unavoidable manufacturing tolerances can be compensated, the remaining parameters meeting the highest requirements of modern circuit breakers.
  • the centering ring centered in the bobbin is preferably made of a highly permeable material. Due to the precise anchor guide the air gap between the second end of the armature and the centering ring remains very small. This leads to a reduction of the magnetic resistance and the required tripping energy. The security against rotation of the armature can be relatively easily realized if necessary by a positive connection in the bobbin. For this, the anchor must be at least partially flattened a little. Regardless of the formation of an anti-rotation corresponds to the outer contour of the first end of the armature and the inner contour of the armature leading portion of the bobbin each other or they are adapted to each other.
  • the base is stepped to form a centrally placed pin, wherein the pin is pressed firmly in the hollow cylindrical bobbin, and the armature opening facing away from the end face of the bobbin formed by a collar or by cams small bearing surface, with which the bobbin on sits on the pedestal. Since the bobbin and the base only contact each other in the region of the covenant, the bobbin can align exactly after the pin of the base.
  • the armature, the bobbin and the base have a common longitudinal axis, so that tilting of the armature is excluded.
  • the centering ring is not centered in the armature opening in the housing, it is rather radially movable relative to the armature opening. There is no overdetermination and all tolerance sensitive parts remain aligned in the bobbin. This achieves a very stable tripping behavior with low dispersion of the magnetic field.
  • the first end of the armature sleeve-like enclosing portion of the bobbin on the spring element which extends coaxially with respect to the armature in a groove of the bobbin.
  • the diameter of the spring element according to the invention is greater than the diameter of the armature.
  • a spring element can be used which has a small spring constant and a short length. Compared to those of the prior art Previously known spring elements can release about 20% more energy at the same maximum spring force and length of the magnetic release.
  • the bobbin may have a hollow cylindrical or sleeve-shaped guide, in which both the first end of the armature and the pin of the base are guided.
  • the spring element designed as a compression spring is guided in the bobbin, which preferably consists of plastic.
  • the friction is reduced.
  • Due to a smaller dispersion of the magnetic holding force of the safety margin can be reduced, so that the magnetic holding force can be chosen to be lower overall with the same spring force. This reduced magnetic holding force requires less tripping energy and is a significant advantage over previously known solutions.
  • the spring constant is reduced by the large diameter of the spring element, the energy yield increases up to about +20% and the tripping time decreases. Conversely, the invention allows lower magnetic holding forces at the same spring force in the "triggered" - position.
  • a non-magnetic elastic film is placed for the purpose of protecting the permanent magnet and the damping of the sliding of the anchor when resetting or taking his first end position either between the base and the permanent magnet or it is a permanent magnet enclosing spacer provided over which the pedestal is supported, wherein the required air gap is defined by the different thicknesses of the permanent magnet and the spacer ring.
  • the principle of Flußkommutierung is used here particularly advantageous and contributes significantly to minimize the required tripping energy.
  • the necessary shunt is defined by an air gap between base and housing.
  • the magnetic resistance decreases, so that the magnetic holding force can be lowered more with less coil current.
  • Using this principle consistently, at least 30% of the flux of the permanent magnet flows over the bypass. In the energized state of the exciter coil displaces the magnetic field of the exciter coil caused by the permanent magnet magnetic flux from the anchor into the bypass.
  • a non-magnetic coating of the armature facing end of the pin of the socket reduces the dispersion of the magnetic holding force.
  • ⁇ Improvement of the armature guidance is achieved by the two bearing points arranged in the region of the first end of the armature and in the region of the second end of the armature, namely a section of the coil former and the centering ring, ⁇ Reduction of the armature tilting is achieved by, on the one hand, the pin of the socket is firmly pressed in the bobbin and the bobbin is frontally seated only with a narrow, annular collar or cam on the base, and on the other hand, by the armature, the bobbin and the base with his pin have a common longitudinal axis,
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram representation of spring characteristics
  • the yoke 2 of the magnetic release 1 consists of a housing or frame with an armature opening 17 on a first end face and a base plate for closing the housing on a second, opposite end face.
  • an exciting coil 11 and a bobbin 5 receiving the exciting coil 11 are placed within the yoke 2.
  • the bobbin 5 in turn has a trained as a guide sleeve guide 6, which is provided with a coaxial groove 5.2. In this groove 5.2 a designed as a compression spring spring element 10 is placed.
  • the armature 9 is guided in one half of the guide sleeve.
  • the depressed or retracted armature 9 remains in the de-energized exciter coil 11 by the magnetic holding force of the permanent magnet 4 in a first end position.
  • the magnetic holding force of the permanent magnet 4 is interrupted and designed as a compression spring spring element 10 moves the armature 9 in its second end position.
  • the compression spring engages about form fit approximately in the middle of the armature 9 and is also performed on this positive connection.
  • the second end of the compression spring is mounted in the bobbin 5, in particular in the guide groove 5.2 of the bobbin 5.
  • the bobbin 5 comprises on the front side facing the armature opening 17 an indicated Groove, in which a further spring element 7, for example an elastomer or a spring ring, is placed.
  • the spring element 7 has the task of avoiding play, to press the centering ring 8 to the armature opening 17 of the yoke 2 and thus to secure the magnetic contact between the centering ring 8 and the yoke 2. If necessary, the construction allows a radial clearance between the centering ring 8 and the yoke 2, whereby tolerances are compensated. A static overdetermination is avoided, so that the armature 9 can not jam even with tight guide tolerances. All tolerance-sensitive components remain aligned in the bobbin 5. As a result, a very stable tripping behavior is achieved with only a small scattering.
  • the centering ring 8 can be designed as a flat disc or, as shown, with an additional paragraph.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a diagram of two different spring characteristics.
  • a first spring characteristic here represents the prior art and a second spring characteristic corresponds to the magnetic release according to the invention.
  • the anchor path is in mm on the x-axis and the spring force is plotted on the y-axis.
  • the spring characteristic according to the prior art is significantly steeper than the spring characteristic of the magnetic release according to the invention. In other words, with the same force in the "released" position, the required magnetic holding force is reduced by approximately 20%, which can correspondingly reduce the required tripping energy.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the scattering of the tripping voltage. The number of tests is plotted on the x-axis and the triggering voltage on the y-axis. Compared here are the scattering of a conventional switch or magnetic release with the magnetic release according to the invention. Due to the short tolerance chain and the exact alignment between the armature and the base, the scattering in the design according to the invention remains much lower. LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un déclencheur magnétique, comprenant au moins une culasse présentant une ouverture à armature dans laquelle est disposée une armature, soumise à la force d'un élément ressort précontraint et entourée coaxialement par au moins une partie d'un corps de bobine comportant au moins une bobine d'excitation, qui est maintenue dans une première position terminale par la force de retenue d'un aimant permanent, lorsque la bobine d'excitation n'est pas alimentée électriquement, ledit aimant permanent ainsi qu'un socle s'étendant entre l'armature et l'aimant permanent étant disposés dans la zone de la première extrémité de l'armature et la position terminale de l'armature étant atteinte par alimentation brève de la bobine d'excitation et réduction concomitante de la force de retenue de l'aimant et de la force de ressort qui s'exerce alors. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que la première extrémité de l'armature, opposée à l'ouverture à armature, est guidée de manière centrale dans le corps de bobine et que la deuxième extrémité de l'armature, tournée vers l'ouverture à armature est également guidée de manière centrale par un anneau de centrage, centré dans le corps de bobine, et que l'anneau de centrage hautement perméable prend appui sur la culasse au niveau de l'ouverture à armature et est donc conçu de façon à pouvoir se déplacer radialement par rapport à la culasse, le socle placé dans le corps de bobine est centrée, l'anneau de centrage et le corps de bobine assurant l'appui de l'armature à plat dans la zone de la première extrémité sans basculement et garantissant une force de retenue maximale grâce à l'appui à plat de l'armature, l'élément ressort présentant un diamètre plus grand que l'armature et le flux magnétique, lors du déclenchement, passant d'un circuit en série à un circuit dérivé.
EP10747566.7A 2009-06-24 2010-06-17 Déclencheur magnétique Active EP2446450B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009030479A DE102009030479B4 (de) 2009-06-24 2009-06-24 Magnetauslöser
PCT/DE2010/000694 WO2010149134A1 (fr) 2009-06-24 2010-06-17 Déclencheur magnétique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2446450A1 true EP2446450A1 (fr) 2012-05-02
EP2446450B1 EP2446450B1 (fr) 2016-10-12

Family

ID=43020415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10747566.7A Active EP2446450B1 (fr) 2009-06-24 2010-06-17 Déclencheur magnétique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8669836B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2446450B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102549683B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI1015973B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009030479B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010149134A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102549683B (zh) 2014-07-16
BRPI1015973B1 (pt) 2020-03-03
DE102009030479B4 (de) 2011-04-28
EP2446450B1 (fr) 2016-10-12
CN102549683A (zh) 2012-07-04
BRPI1015973A2 (pt) 2019-12-10
DE102009030479A1 (de) 2010-12-30
US8669836B2 (en) 2014-03-11
US20130021124A1 (en) 2013-01-24
WO2010149134A1 (fr) 2010-12-29

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