EP2883233B1 - Appareil de réglage électromagnétique bistable, groupe de construction d'armature et dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames - Google Patents

Appareil de réglage électromagnétique bistable, groupe de construction d'armature et dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2883233B1
EP2883233B1 EP13730142.0A EP13730142A EP2883233B1 EP 2883233 B1 EP2883233 B1 EP 2883233B1 EP 13730142 A EP13730142 A EP 13730142A EP 2883233 B1 EP2883233 B1 EP 2883233B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core region
permanent magnet
magnet means
actuating element
spring
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Application number
EP13730142.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2883233A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg BÜRSSNER
Philipp FANGAUER
Peter Vincon
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ETO Magnetic GmbH
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ETO Magnetic GmbH
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
    • F01L2820/031—Electromagnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bistable electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of claim 1, an armature assembly for an electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of claim 9 and a camshaft adjusting device according to claim 10.
  • the DE 201 14 466 U1 shows a bistable electromagnetic actuator is used in, for example in the DE 20 2009 011 804 U1 described camshaft adjusting devices.
  • the known bistable electromagnetic actuator is characterized in that on a control element permanent magnet means are provided which comprise two pole discs and an intermediate, axially magnetized permanent magnet ring.
  • the permanent magnet means cooperate with a stationary core region generating an attractive force, the permanent magnet means and the core region lying opposite one another in a core region-side end position. In this end position, the actuating element of the core region away kraftbeier needde compression spring is maximally biased.
  • a stationary coil means is energized, wherein the actuator is accelerated by overcoming the adhesive force of the compression spring in the direction of the opposite end position, in which the piston-shaped actuator with an end-side engaging portion in the cam of a cam of an internal combustion engine intervenes.
  • the known bistable electromagnetic actuator has proven itself.
  • the relatively small stroke ranges of the control element are perceived as disadvantageous, in which the control element (permanent magnet armature) can move independently and without external influence into its core-area-side end position.
  • the permanent magnet means show in umbestromten state of the coil means a hyperbolic force-stroke curve, in which close to the nuclear region end position, the magnetic force increases sharply, but the other way around decreases rapidly with increasing stroke.
  • the DE 10 2006 059 188 A1 shows an electromagnetic actuator having a permanent magnet on its actuator.
  • the permanent magnet runs parallel to the core area. From the document in particular a possible installation situation of bistable electromagnetic actuators can be seen.
  • the DE 30 19 418 A1 shows a bidirectional adjusting device, wherein the provision is actuated by a corresponding energization of a coil used for use.
  • the permanent magnet of the known bidirectional adjusting device is re-magnetized during operation.
  • the GB 2 197 754 A describes a bistable actuator.
  • the known actuator has no spring means.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an adjusting device which is optimized in terms of the stroke time of the actuating element in the end region facing away from the core region and at the same time a retrieval of the permanent magnet means having actuating element in the direction of nuclear region end position as early as possible, ie with a comparatively large distance to the core area a lifting force in the direction Hubongslage acts. Furthermore, the object is to provide a correspondingly optimized armature assembly and a Nockenwellenverstellvortechnisch with a correspondingly improved bistable electromagnetic actuator.
  • the invention has recognized that it is advantageous for the simultaneous improvement of the stroke time of the control element and to ensure a long remindholweges based on permanent magnetic attraction forces to use spring means with a relatively low spring pitch and preferably a comparatively high maximum spring preload, as spring means with low spring characteristic slope in contrast to the spring used so far with a large spring characteristic slope even with a large stroke or distance of the control element to the core area nor spring force to accelerate the armature assembly or the permanent means bearing actuator provide.
  • the invention proposes to influence the magnetic force-stroke characteristic of the permanent magnet force by an axial overlap of the core region and the permanent means so that the permanent magnet force acting between the permanent magnet means and the core region over a longer stroke, i.
  • spring means with a relatively flat spring characteristic design, ie a lower spring constant in combination with a comparatively high Spring tension can be used, such springs with a flat spring characteristic transmitted the spring force over a long stroke, preferably the entire stroke on the actuator and thereby accelerate longer.
  • the contact point or intersection between the spring characteristic and the permanent magnet characteristic ie the return point
  • the contact point or intersection between the spring characteristic and the permanent magnet characteristic is shifted further to the right, ie towards a greater distance of the permanent magnet means or of the actuating element from the core region, so that the armature already moves over the permanent magnet means at a comparatively early point in time Towards the core area can be retrieved.
  • This distance is critical insofar as this is usually specified in camshaft adjusting devices.
  • a bistable electromagnetic actuator in which the, preferably shell side arranged on the, preferably piston-shaped actuator, most preferably disc-shaped, even more preferably ring-shaped and even more preferably axially penetrated by the actuator permanent magnets at least on the core area facing axial side of a pole piece of magnetically conductive material is assigned, which is fixedly positioned to the permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet can be better protected in the comparatively hard stop of the actuating element on the core region.
  • Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the bistable electromagnetic actuator, wherein in addition to the aforementioned core region side Policrobial another Policrobial on the side facing away from the core region side, preferably axially magnetized, permanent magnet is provided, which sandwiches the permanent magnet sandwiched between them together with the core area side pole, wherein the remote from the core area Policrobial preferred the task of Magnethneumtechnisch in the radial direction, preferably towards or away from a guide housing for the armature assembly.
  • a pole disk of the permanent magnet means in particular the pole disk facing the core region (in the core region side stroke initial position of the actuating element and preferably even with already slightly away from the core region displaced actuator) the core region overlaps radially outside in the axial direction, in particular in that the pole disk is cup-shaped and / or in that the pole disk axially engages in a recess of the core region on the core region side.
  • the core region is formed such that it engages in a recess of the permanent magnet means, in particular in a recess, for example an annular recess of the pole disk and / or engages over the permanent magnet means radially outward in the axial direction.
  • the recess in which the permanent magnet means, in particular a pole disc of the permanent magnet means can engage, is arranged centrally within the core, wherein it is even more preferable if this opening simultaneously in a region radially within the overlap absorbs the spring means.
  • the core region and the permanent magnet means in the core region-side end position of the actuating element to a distance of a range of values between 0.1 mm and 3 mm, preferably overlap axially between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, as a result, in particular for the application of a camshaft adjusting optimized, Kraftstubkennline the permanent magnet means can be achieved.
  • the geometric contouring of the permanent magnet means in particular of the core region-side pole disk and / or the core region for realizing the overlap, there are different possibilities. It is very particularly preferred if a corresponding overlapping region is annular and circumferentially closed. It has proved particularly expedient if the overlapping region is conically contoured, for example with an outer conical core region and a corresponding inner conical permanent magnet central region, or vice versa.
  • the spring means comprise compression spring means and / or are constructed as compression spring means, which preferably have a spring constant, from a value range between 0.05 N / mm and 3 N / mm, preferably between 0.2 N / mm and 1 N / mm and / or has a biasing force in the core region-side end position of a value range between 1 N and 20 N, preferably between 4 N and 6 N.
  • the invention also leads to the use of an aforementioned adjusting device for a camshaft adjusting device and to a camshaft adjusting device.
  • This comprises at least one cam provided with a control groove, which cooperates with the engagement region of the adjusting element, wherein the adjusting element is adjustable by energizing the coil means, supported by the spring force of the spring means in the direction of the cam end end position and of the cam surface by rotation of the cam in the direction of the nuclear region End position is thrown back.
  • the invention leads to an armature assembly, in particular for use in a trained according to the concept of the invention adjusting device, very particularly preferred for use in a camshaft adjusting device.
  • the armature assembly is characterized by permanent magnet means which are designed and intended to axially overlap a stationary core region not belonging to the armature assembly but to the actuator by radially outwardly extending in the axial direction and / or engaging in a preferably annular recess in the armature core area.
  • the permanent magnet means have a, preferably inner surface portion, which preferably extends at least approximately perpendicular to the axial adjustment direction of the actuating element and which, together with a corresponding, preferably parallel surface of the core region defines a working air gap.
  • the permanent magnet means have an overlapping section projecting this surface section axially in the direction of the core area for overlapping the core area by radially outwardly overlapping and / or by engaging in a depression in the core area.
  • Fig. 1 an electromagnetic actuator 1 for use in a camshaft adjusting device is shown.
  • the adjusting device corresponds from its basic structure forth in Fig. 1 of the DE 201 114 466 U1 shown adjustment device, so that reference is made in terms of the similarities to the relevant description of the figures, which should be considered as belonging to the disclosure of the present application.
  • the essential difference to the adjusting device of the prior art is that the core region and permanent magnet means in the core-side end position overlap axially and is not worked as in the prior art with a Flachankerbaury.
  • the core area-side pole plate 7 is formed cup-shaped and has a radially inner surface portion 9, which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the actuating element 2, and limited to the opposite parallel surface of the core portion 3 a working air gap.
  • the surface portion 9 is axially surmounted by an overlapping portion 10 which is formed by an annular wall and which engages in the end position shown the core region 3 laterally, here radially outside in the axial direction, so that a part of the magnetic flux flows through this overlap region 10, whereby the resulting permanent magnetic holding force between the permanent magnet means 5 and the core region 3 is maintained over a longer stroke in the direction of the opposite end position or remains at a high level.
  • a winding device 11 In a region radially adjacent to the core region 3 is a winding device 11 with coil carrier 12 and energizable coil 13, the energization of which causes a movement of the actuating element 2 away from the core region 3 in the direction of the cam.
  • This adjustment is supported by spring means 14 formed by a compression spring, which in the embodiment shown in FIG a central opening of the core region 3 is accommodated and which is supported axially on the core region and on the adjusting element 2.
  • the spring means 14 are biased axially by an adjusting movement of the actuating element 2 by this up to a maximum biasing force, which is selected as high as possible.
  • the force path characteristic of the spring means 14 is comparatively flat in order to achieve the longest possible acceleration assistance of the control element 2.
  • Such a spring means design 14 is possible due to the overlapping of core region 3 and permanent magnet means 5 according to the invention.
  • the permanent magnet means 5 are guided on the inner circumference of a magnetically conductive housing 15 and the actuating element 2 is guided on a in the embodiment shown by way of example as a separate sleeve portion 16 of the housing.
  • Fig. 2a is greatly simplified a configuration of core area 3 and actuator 2 with permanent magnet means 5 shown.
  • the core region-side, cup-shaped pole disk 7 for overlapping interaction with the core region 3 can be seen.
  • the permanent magnet means 5 can engage in an, for example, annular or centric opening in the core region 3.
  • the core region, the permanent magnet means 5 radially outwardly in the axial direction to be formed across or engaging in an, for example, annular opening in the permanent magnet means 5, in particular in the pole disk 7.
  • the geometric design of the overlap region other than schematically shown, for example, conically contoured be executed.
  • Fig. 2b an associated permanent force is shown in a force (F) / travel (s) characteristic K1.
  • a force (F) / travel (s) characteristic K1 Evident is a flattened area of the characteristic curve after an initial more steeply sloping area. This flattening (saddle or terrace section) is achieved by the axial overlap.
  • the spring means 14 are pulled exclusively in the direction of the nuclear area end position due to the permanent magnet force effect of the permanent magnet means. Due to the flat design of the spring characteristic acceleration support of the actuating element over its entire stroke in the direction of the camshaft end position is achieved.
  • FIG. 2a the arrangement of an actuator 2 is shown with permanent magnet means 5, wherein the arrangement is designed as a flat armature system, ie the permanent magnet means do not overlap with the core area together.
  • Fig. 3b shown hyperbolic characteristic K2 of the permanent magnet means in permanent magnet force (F) stroke (s) - diagram according to Fig.
  • Fig. 4 is greatly simplified another alternative configuration of core area 3 and actuator 2 with permanent magnet means 5 shown.
  • the core portion is cup-shaped and the core-side pole plate 7 carries axially into the cup formed by the core portion 3, and indeed centrally.
  • the adjusting element more precisely the pole disk 7 or its axial extension is guided in the core region.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames avec une came de moteur à combustion interne présentant une rainure de commande et avec un appareil de réglage électromagnétique bistable (1), avec un élément de réglage (2) formant à l'extrémité une zone de prise (4) et déplaçable axialement entre deux positions d'extrémité, destinée à s'engager dans la rainure de commande de la came, et avec un agencement de bobine (11) prévu en position stationnaire par rapport à l'élément de commande (2) et configuré pour exercer une force sur celui-ci, dans lequel l'élément de réglage (2) présente des moyens d'aimant permanent (5), qui sont configurés pour coopérer avec une région de noyau (3) prévue en position stationnaire par rapport à l'élément de réglage (2), et dans lequel l'agencement de bobine (11) est configuré pour produire, en réaction à un signal de commande électronique, une force opposée s'opposant à une force de retenue des moyens d'aimant permanent (5) et dégageant ceux-ci de la région de noyau (3), et dans lequel il est prévu des moyens de ressort (14), qui sont disposés de façon à appliquer une force élastique à l'élément de réglage (2) dans une direction axiale s'éloignant de la région de noyau (3), dans lequel les moyens d'aimant permanent (5) présentent au moins un aimant permanent à magnétisation axiale (6) et, sur le côté tourné vers la région de noyau (3), un disque polaire (7) en un matériau magnétiquement conducteur, et comprennent un disque polaire (8) en un matériau magnétiquement conducteur détourné de la région de noyau (3), et dans lequel l'élément de réglage (2) peut être déplacé, en faisant circuler un courant dans l'agencement de bobine (11), dans une position d'extrémité dans laquelle il s'engage par sa zone de prise (4) dans la rainure de commande et il peut être accéléré par la came, du fait de sa rotation, en direction d'une position de début de course du côté de la région de noyau, dans laquelle les moyens de ressort (14) sont en état de précontrainte maximale au moyen de l'élément de réglage (2), caractérisé en ce que la région de noyau (3) et le disque polaire (7) des moyens d'aimant permanent (5), disposé sur le côté tourné vers la région de noyau, se chevauchent en direction axiale dans la position de début de course du côté de la région de noyau afin d'influencer le point de rappel.
  2. Dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le disque polaire (7) des moyens d'aimant permanent (5) tourné vers la région de noyau (3) est configuré et disposé de façon à recouvrir radialement à l'extérieur la région de noyau (3) en direction axiale et/ou de façon à s'engager axialement dans un creux du côté de la région de noyau, en particulier concentrique ou centré, de la région de noyau (3).
  3. Dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le disque polaire (7, 8) présente un profil en forme de cuvette et une paroi de cuvette recouvre axialement la région de noyau (3) et/ou s'engage dans le creux du côté de la région de noyau.
  4. Dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la région de noyau (3) est configurée de façon à recouvrir axialement, en particulier radialement à l'extérieur, les moyens d'aimant permanent (5) et/ou à s'engager axialement dans un creux de préférence concentrique ou centré des moyens d'aimant permanent (5) du côté des moyens d'aimant permanent, en particulier du côté du disque polaire.
  5. Dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la région de noyau (3) et les moyens d'aimant permanent (5) sont configurés de façon à se chevaucher axialement, dans la position d'extrémité du côté de la région de noyau, sur une distance mesurée en direction axiale dans une plage de valeurs comprise entre 0,1 mm et 3 mm, de préférence entre 0,5 mm et 1,5 mm.
  6. Dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une zone de chevauchement axiale (10), en particulier annulaire, des moyens d'aimant permanent (5) et/ou de la région de noyau (3), est fermée en périphérie et/ou présente un profil conique ou cylindrique.
  7. Dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de ressort (14) comprennent des moyens de ressort de pression et/ou sont réalisés sous la forme de moyens de ressort de pression, qui présentent de préférence une constante de rappel dans une plage de valeurs comprise entre 0,05 N/mm et 3 N/mm, de préférence entre 0,2 N/mm et 1 N/mm.
EP13730142.0A 2012-08-08 2013-05-31 Appareil de réglage électromagnétique bistable, groupe de construction d'armature et dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames Active EP2883233B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012107281.7A DE102012107281B4 (de) 2012-08-08 2012-08-08 Bistabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung, Ankerbaugruppe sowie Nockenwellenverstellvorrichtung
PCT/EP2013/061310 WO2014023451A1 (fr) 2012-08-08 2013-05-31 Appareil de réglage électromagnétique bistable, groupe de construction d'armature et dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2883233A1 EP2883233A1 (fr) 2015-06-17
EP2883233B1 true EP2883233B1 (fr) 2016-03-23

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EP13730142.0A Active EP2883233B1 (fr) 2012-08-08 2013-05-31 Appareil de réglage électromagnétique bistable, groupe de construction d'armature et dispositif de réglage d'arbre à cames

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US (1) US9305693B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2883233B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104520947B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012107281B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014023451A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2883233A1 (fr) 2015-06-17
DE102012107281A1 (de) 2014-02-13
DE102012107281B4 (de) 2014-03-06
CN104520947B (zh) 2017-09-05
US9305693B2 (en) 2016-04-05
WO2014023451A1 (fr) 2014-02-13
US20150213936A1 (en) 2015-07-30
CN104520947A (zh) 2015-04-15

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