EP2446450A1 - Magnetic trigger mechanism - Google Patents

Magnetic trigger mechanism

Info

Publication number
EP2446450A1
EP2446450A1 EP10747566A EP10747566A EP2446450A1 EP 2446450 A1 EP2446450 A1 EP 2446450A1 EP 10747566 A EP10747566 A EP 10747566A EP 10747566 A EP10747566 A EP 10747566A EP 2446450 A1 EP2446450 A1 EP 2446450A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
magnetic
bobbin
base
permanent magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10747566A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2446450B1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Kulke
Thomas Roschke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Original Assignee
Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH filed Critical Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Publication of EP2446450A1 publication Critical patent/EP2446450A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2446450B1 publication Critical patent/EP2446450B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H01H71/322—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with plunger type armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic release comprising at least one yoke having an armature opening, in which an at least a portion of the bobbin with at least one excitation coil coaxially enclosed and acted upon by the force of a prestressed spring element anchor is placed, which in deenergized excitation coil by the magnetic holding force of Permanent magnet remains in a first end position, wherein the permanent magnet are arranged together with an armature and permanent magnet extending base in the region of the first end of the armature, and the second end position of the armature by brief energization of the excitation coil with the concomitant lowering of the magnetic holding force and the case effective spring force is achieved.
  • Such trained bistable magnetic release or release magnets are used in many variants in circuit breakers and other devices.
  • Short tripping times are achieved, for example, by a low armature mass, as taught by JP 2005 268 031 or CA 0227 1327 by using a drilled armature.
  • the goal of switching with only a small release energy can be achieved by a bypass in the magnetic circuit according to the documents US Pat. No. 3,922,957 or US Pat. No. 3,792,390.
  • the spring If the spring is not outside the magnetic circuit or inside the armature, it will be routed directly to the armature. As a result, the spring constant remains relatively high and the energy yield is small. However, the favorable for the spring constant solutions cause problems in the armature guide or alignment on the base. However, if the spring is guided in the armature, there is great metallic friction. The spring tends to buckle. Both are undesirable.
  • the object of the invention is now to propose a magnetic release, which has a high energy yield and a short trip time with only low energy release.
  • the magnetic release comprises at least one yoke having an armature opening, in which an armature coaxially enclosed by at least one section of the coil body with at least one exciter coil and acted upon by the force of a prestressed spring element is placed.
  • the depressed or not extended anchor remains in energized excitation coil by the magnetic holding force of a permanent magnet in a first end position and is held there.
  • the permanent magnet is arranged together with a socket extending between the armature and the permanent magnet in the region of the first end of the armature.
  • the second end position of the armature is achieved by short-term energization of the exciter coil with the concomitant lowering of the magnetic holding force and thereby effective spring force.
  • Characteristic of the invention is that the armature opening facing away from the first end of the armature is guided centered in the bobbin and the armature opening facing the second end of the armature is guided also centered by a centering ring centered in the bobbin.
  • the centering ring of highly permeable material abuts the yoke at the armature opening, has direct metallic contact and is radially movable to compensate for tolerances.
  • the base is also centered in the bobbin, the centering together with the bobbin ensures the planar support of the armature in the region of the first end without tilting and always ensures maximum holding forces by the planar support of the armature.
  • the spring element has a larger diameter than the armature and the magnetic flux commutes when triggered by a main circuit to a shunt.
  • a short current pulse in the exciter coil creates a magnetic field in the armature that is opposite to that of the permanent magnet. Due to the superimposition of both magnetic fields, the magnetic flux is briefly displaced from the armature and conducted into the bypass (commutation). By the briefly strong weakened magnetic holding force, the spring element can accelerate the anchor and move to the second stable end position.
  • the centering of the armature and the base according to the invention lead to a low anchor play and to only a very slight tilting of the armature, which is accompanied by a reliable triggering behavior of the magnetic release.
  • the armature is mounted on two points referenced above the bobbin, on the second side in the bobbin, on the first side in the centering ring centered in the bobbin.
  • the tolerance chain thus remains short and the fits can be narrow.
  • a maximum guide length and a precise anchor guide are achieved even with a short anchor.
  • the magnetic release according to the invention is very reliable and is characterized by maximum performance. Due to the exact anchor guide, the scatter of the release parameters is severely limited. At the same time, demands for high energy yield, short tripping time and low electrical tripping energy are met.
  • the present invention provides a good compromise between the desired ideal values and high manufacturing reliability. With the present invention unavoidable manufacturing tolerances can be compensated, the remaining parameters meeting the highest requirements of modern circuit breakers.
  • the centering ring centered in the bobbin is preferably made of a highly permeable material. Due to the precise anchor guide the air gap between the second end of the armature and the centering ring remains very small. This leads to a reduction of the magnetic resistance and the required tripping energy. The security against rotation of the armature can be relatively easily realized if necessary by a positive connection in the bobbin. For this, the anchor must be at least partially flattened a little. Regardless of the formation of an anti-rotation corresponds to the outer contour of the first end of the armature and the inner contour of the armature leading portion of the bobbin each other or they are adapted to each other.
  • the base is stepped to form a centrally placed pin, wherein the pin is pressed firmly in the hollow cylindrical bobbin, and the armature opening facing away from the end face of the bobbin formed by a collar or by cams small bearing surface, with which the bobbin on sits on the pedestal. Since the bobbin and the base only contact each other in the region of the covenant, the bobbin can align exactly after the pin of the base.
  • the armature, the bobbin and the base have a common longitudinal axis, so that tilting of the armature is excluded.
  • the centering ring is not centered in the armature opening in the housing, it is rather radially movable relative to the armature opening. There is no overdetermination and all tolerance sensitive parts remain aligned in the bobbin. This achieves a very stable tripping behavior with low dispersion of the magnetic field.
  • the first end of the armature sleeve-like enclosing portion of the bobbin on the spring element which extends coaxially with respect to the armature in a groove of the bobbin.
  • the diameter of the spring element according to the invention is greater than the diameter of the armature.
  • a spring element can be used which has a small spring constant and a short length. Compared to those of the prior art Previously known spring elements can release about 20% more energy at the same maximum spring force and length of the magnetic release.
  • the bobbin may have a hollow cylindrical or sleeve-shaped guide, in which both the first end of the armature and the pin of the base are guided.
  • the spring element designed as a compression spring is guided in the bobbin, which preferably consists of plastic.
  • the friction is reduced.
  • Due to a smaller dispersion of the magnetic holding force of the safety margin can be reduced, so that the magnetic holding force can be chosen to be lower overall with the same spring force. This reduced magnetic holding force requires less tripping energy and is a significant advantage over previously known solutions.
  • the spring constant is reduced by the large diameter of the spring element, the energy yield increases up to about +20% and the tripping time decreases. Conversely, the invention allows lower magnetic holding forces at the same spring force in the "triggered" - position.
  • a non-magnetic elastic film is placed for the purpose of protecting the permanent magnet and the damping of the sliding of the anchor when resetting or taking his first end position either between the base and the permanent magnet or it is a permanent magnet enclosing spacer provided over which the pedestal is supported, wherein the required air gap is defined by the different thicknesses of the permanent magnet and the spacer ring.
  • the principle of Flußkommutierung is used here particularly advantageous and contributes significantly to minimize the required tripping energy.
  • the necessary shunt is defined by an air gap between base and housing.
  • the magnetic resistance decreases, so that the magnetic holding force can be lowered more with less coil current.
  • Using this principle consistently, at least 30% of the flux of the permanent magnet flows over the bypass. In the energized state of the exciter coil displaces the magnetic field of the exciter coil caused by the permanent magnet magnetic flux from the anchor into the bypass.
  • a non-magnetic coating of the armature facing end of the pin of the socket reduces the dispersion of the magnetic holding force.
  • ⁇ Improvement of the armature guidance is achieved by the two bearing points arranged in the region of the first end of the armature and in the region of the second end of the armature, namely a section of the coil former and the centering ring, ⁇ Reduction of the armature tilting is achieved by, on the one hand, the pin of the socket is firmly pressed in the bobbin and the bobbin is frontally seated only with a narrow, annular collar or cam on the base, and on the other hand, by the armature, the bobbin and the base with his pin have a common longitudinal axis,
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram representation of spring characteristics
  • the yoke 2 of the magnetic release 1 consists of a housing or frame with an armature opening 17 on a first end face and a base plate for closing the housing on a second, opposite end face.
  • an exciting coil 11 and a bobbin 5 receiving the exciting coil 11 are placed within the yoke 2.
  • the bobbin 5 in turn has a trained as a guide sleeve guide 6, which is provided with a coaxial groove 5.2. In this groove 5.2 a designed as a compression spring spring element 10 is placed.
  • the armature 9 is guided in one half of the guide sleeve.
  • the depressed or retracted armature 9 remains in the de-energized exciter coil 11 by the magnetic holding force of the permanent magnet 4 in a first end position.
  • the magnetic holding force of the permanent magnet 4 is interrupted and designed as a compression spring spring element 10 moves the armature 9 in its second end position.
  • the compression spring engages about form fit approximately in the middle of the armature 9 and is also performed on this positive connection.
  • the second end of the compression spring is mounted in the bobbin 5, in particular in the guide groove 5.2 of the bobbin 5.
  • the bobbin 5 comprises on the front side facing the armature opening 17 an indicated Groove, in which a further spring element 7, for example an elastomer or a spring ring, is placed.
  • the spring element 7 has the task of avoiding play, to press the centering ring 8 to the armature opening 17 of the yoke 2 and thus to secure the magnetic contact between the centering ring 8 and the yoke 2. If necessary, the construction allows a radial clearance between the centering ring 8 and the yoke 2, whereby tolerances are compensated. A static overdetermination is avoided, so that the armature 9 can not jam even with tight guide tolerances. All tolerance-sensitive components remain aligned in the bobbin 5. As a result, a very stable tripping behavior is achieved with only a small scattering.
  • the centering ring 8 can be designed as a flat disc or, as shown, with an additional paragraph.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a diagram of two different spring characteristics.
  • a first spring characteristic here represents the prior art and a second spring characteristic corresponds to the magnetic release according to the invention.
  • the anchor path is in mm on the x-axis and the spring force is plotted on the y-axis.
  • the spring characteristic according to the prior art is significantly steeper than the spring characteristic of the magnetic release according to the invention. In other words, with the same force in the "released" position, the required magnetic holding force is reduced by approximately 20%, which can correspondingly reduce the required tripping energy.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the scattering of the tripping voltage. The number of tests is plotted on the x-axis and the triggering voltage on the y-axis. Compared here are the scattering of a conventional switch or magnetic release with the magnetic release according to the invention. Due to the short tolerance chain and the exact alignment between the armature and the base, the scattering in the design according to the invention remains much lower. LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic trigger mechanism at least comprising a yoke having an armature opening, in which yoke an armature is placed, which armature is coaxially surrounded by at least one section of the coil body having at least one excitation coil and which is acted on by the force of a preloaded spring element and which remains in a first end position due to the magnetic retaining force of a permanent magnet when current is not flowing through the excitation coil, the permanent magnet being arranged in the area of the first end of the armature together with a base extending between the armature and the permanent magnet, and the second end position of the armature being achieved by means of a brief flow of current through the excitation coil together with the accompanying lowering of the magnetic retaining force and the spring force, which is effective then. The invention is characterized in that the first end of the armature, which first end faces away from the armature opening, is guided in the coil body in a centered manner, and the second of the armature, which second end faces the armature opening, is likewise guided in a centered manner by means of a centering ring centered in the coil body, the highly permeable centering ring lies against the yoke at the armature opening and can move radially relative to the yoke, the base is centered in the coil body, the centering ring together with the coil body ensuring that the armature lies flat in the area of the first end without tipping and always guaranteeing maximum retaining forces due to the armature lying flat, the spring element having a larger diameter than the armature, and the magnetic flux commutating upon triggering from a series connection to a parallel connection.

Description

Magnetauslöser magnetic release
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Magnetauslöser, der zumindest ein eine Ankeröffnung aufweisendes Joch umfasst, in welchem ein von zumindest einem Abschnitt des Spulenkörpers mit zumindest einer Erregerspule koaxial umschlossener und durch die Kraft eines vorgespannten Federelements beaufschlagbarer Anker platziert ist, welcher bei unbestromter Erregerspule durch die Magnethaltekraft eines Permanentmagneten in einer ersten Endlage verharrt, wobei der Permanentmagnet gemeinsam mit einem zwischen Anker und Permanentmagnet sich erstreckenden Sockel im Bereich des ersten Endes des Ankers angeordnet sind, und die zweite Endlage des Ankers durch kurzzeitige Bestromung der Erregerspule mit der einhergehenden Absenkung der Magnethaltekraft und der dabei wirksamen Federkraft erzielt wird.The invention relates to a magnetic release comprising at least one yoke having an armature opening, in which an at least a portion of the bobbin with at least one excitation coil coaxially enclosed and acted upon by the force of a prestressed spring element anchor is placed, which in deenergized excitation coil by the magnetic holding force of Permanent magnet remains in a first end position, wherein the permanent magnet are arranged together with an armature and permanent magnet extending base in the region of the first end of the armature, and the second end position of the armature by brief energization of the excitation coil with the concomitant lowering of the magnetic holding force and the case effective spring force is achieved.
Derartig ausgebildete bistabile Magnetauslöser bzw. Auslösemagnete werden in vielfältigen Varianten in Leistungsschaltern und anderen Geräten eingesetzt.Such trained bistable magnetic release or release magnets are used in many variants in circuit breakers and other devices.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Lösungen vorbekannt, die beispielsweise in der US 3 922 957, CA 0227 1327, US 3 893 052, US 3 792 390, JP 2006 051 055, US 6 646 529, US 5 387 892, JP 2005 166 429, JP 2005 268 031 oder der JP 2005 340 703 offenbart sind.Solutions are previously known from the prior art, for example, in US 3,922,957, CA 02271327, US 3,893,052, US 3,792,390, JP 2006 051 055, US 6,646,529, US 5,387,892, JP 2005 166 429, JP 2005 268 031 or JP 2005 340 703 are disclosed.
Als signifikante Anforderungen an Auslösemagnete sind hierbei eine kurze Auslösezeit, ein geringer Energiebedarf zum Auslösen sowie ein großes Verhältnis zwischen der freigesetzten mechanischen Energie und der elektrischen Auslöseenergie bzw. Energieausbeute zu nennen.Significant requirements for tripping magnets here are a short tripping time, a low energy requirement for tripping and a large ratio between the released mechanical energy and the electrical tripping energy or energy yield.
Kurze Auslösezeiten erreicht man beispielsweise unter anderem durch eine geringe Ankermasse, wie dies die JP 2005 268 031 oder die CA 0227 1327 durch Verwendung eines ausgebohrten Ankers lehren. Das Ziel des Schaltens mit nur geringer Auslöseenergie kann erreicht werden durch einen Bypass im Magnetkreis gemäß den Druckschriften US 3 922 957 oder US 3 792 390.Short tripping times are achieved, for example, by a low armature mass, as taught by JP 2005 268 031 or CA 0227 1327 by using a drilled armature. The goal of switching with only a small release energy can be achieved by a bypass in the magnetic circuit according to the documents US Pat. No. 3,922,957 or US Pat. No. 3,792,390.
Viel mechanische Energie wird bei vorgegebener Federkraft frei, wenn die Federkonstante klein und der Hub groß ist. Das erreicht man insbesondere durch außen liegende Federn, wie dies der beispielsweise der JP 2005 166 429 zu entnehmen ist.Much mechanical energy is released at a given spring force, when the spring constant is small and the stroke is large. This is achieved in particular by external springs, as can be seen for example in JP 2005 166 429.
Die aus dem Stand der Technik vorbekannten Lösungen sind oftmals sehr stark nur hinsichtlich eines Parameters, beispielsweise Bauraum, Kraft oder Auslösezeit, optimiert. Dadurch streuen die Auslöseparameter stark. Eine wesentliche Ursache hierfür ist das konstruktionsbedingte Spiel in der Ankerführung. Durch die Toleranzen im Gehäuse und bei der Ausrichtung der Teile während der Montage wird der Anker gegenüber dem Sockel leicht verkippt. Querkräfte zwischen Anker und Gehäuse stellen den Anker zusätzlich schief. Bei bekannten Konstruktionen kann diese Verkippung nicht ausgeglichen werden. Engere Führungen würden zudem zum Verklemmen führen.The previously known from the prior art solutions are often very strong only in terms of a parameter, such as space, power or tripping time optimized. As a result, the triggering parameters scatter strongly. A major reason for this is the design-related game in the anchor guide. Due to the tolerances in the housing and in the alignment of the parts during assembly, the armature is slightly tilted relative to the base. Transverse forces between the armature and the housing additionally skew the anchor. In known constructions, this tilt can not be compensated. Narrower guides would also lead to jamming.
Wenn die Feder nicht außerhalb des Magnetkreises oder innerhalb des Ankers liegt, wird sie direkt auf dem Anker geführt. Dadurch bleibt die Federkonstante relativ hoch und die Energieausbeute klein. Die für die Federkonstante günstigen Lösungen bereiten jedoch Probleme bei der Ankerführung bzw. Ausrichtung auf den Sockel. Wird die Feder jedoch im Anker geführt, ist große metallische Reibung zu verzeichnen. Die Feder neigt dabei zum Ausknicken. Beides ist unerwünscht.If the spring is not outside the magnetic circuit or inside the armature, it will be routed directly to the armature. As a result, the spring constant remains relatively high and the energy yield is small. However, the favorable for the spring constant solutions cause problems in the armature guide or alignment on the base. However, if the spring is guided in the armature, there is great metallic friction. The spring tends to buckle. Both are undesirable.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht nunmehr darin, einen Magnetauslöser vorzuschlagen, der bei nur geringer Auslöseenergie eine hohe Energieausbeute sowie eine kurze Auslösezeit aufweist. Nach der Konzeption der Erfindung umfasst der Magnetauslöser zumindest ein ein eine Ankeröffnung aufweisendes Joch, in welchem ein von zumindest einem Abschnitt des Spulenkörpers mit zumindest einer Erregerspule koaxial umschlossener und durch die Kraft eines vorgespannten Federelements beaufschlagbarer Anker platziert ist. Der eingedrückte bzw. nicht ausgefahrene Anker verharrt bei unbestromter Erregerspule durch die Magnethaltekraft eines Permanentmagneten in einer ersten Endlage bzw. wird dort gehalten. Der Permanentmagnet ist gemeinsam mit einem zwischen Anker und Permanentmagnet sich erstreckenden Sockel im Bereich des ersten Endes des Ankers angeordnet. Die zweite Endlage des Ankers wird durch kurzzeitige Bestromung der Erregerspule mit der einhergehenden Absenkung der Magnethaltekraft und der dabei wirksamen Federkraft erzielt. Kennzeichnend für die Erfindung ist, dass das der Ankeröffnung abgewandte erste Ende des Ankers im Spulenkörper zentriert geführt ist und das der Ankeröffnung zugewandte zweite Ende des Ankers durch einen im Spulenkörper zentrierten Zentrierring ebenfalls zentriert geführt ist. Dadurch lassen sich geringste konstruktive Luftspaltmaße zwischen Anker und Zentrierring erzielen. Der Zentrierring aus hoch permeablen Material liegt am Joch an der Ankeröffnung an, hat direkten metallischen Kontakt und ist radial beweglich, um Toleranzen auszugleichen. Der Sockel ist dabei ebenso im Spulenkörper zentriert, wobei der Zentrierring gemeinsam mit dem Spulenkörper die plane Auflage des Ankers im Bereich des ersten Endes ohne Verkippen sichert und durch die plane Auflage des Ankers stets maximale Haltekräfte gewährleistet. Ferner weist das Federelement einen größeren Durchmesser als der Anker auf und der magnetische Fluss kommutiert beim Auslösen von einem Hauptschluss zu einem Nebenschluss.The object of the invention is now to propose a magnetic release, which has a high energy yield and a short trip time with only low energy release. According to the conception of the invention, the magnetic release comprises at least one yoke having an armature opening, in which an armature coaxially enclosed by at least one section of the coil body with at least one exciter coil and acted upon by the force of a prestressed spring element is placed. The depressed or not extended anchor remains in energized excitation coil by the magnetic holding force of a permanent magnet in a first end position and is held there. The permanent magnet is arranged together with a socket extending between the armature and the permanent magnet in the region of the first end of the armature. The second end position of the armature is achieved by short-term energization of the exciter coil with the concomitant lowering of the magnetic holding force and thereby effective spring force. Characteristic of the invention is that the armature opening facing away from the first end of the armature is guided centered in the bobbin and the armature opening facing the second end of the armature is guided also centered by a centering ring centered in the bobbin. As a result, the smallest constructive air gap dimensions between armature and centering ring can be achieved. The centering ring of highly permeable material abuts the yoke at the armature opening, has direct metallic contact and is radially movable to compensate for tolerances. The base is also centered in the bobbin, the centering together with the bobbin ensures the planar support of the armature in the region of the first end without tilting and always ensures maximum holding forces by the planar support of the armature. Further, the spring element has a larger diameter than the armature and the magnetic flux commutes when triggered by a main circuit to a shunt.
Ein kurzer Stromimpuls in der Erregerspule erzeugt ein Magnetfeld im Anker, das dem des Permanentmagneten entgegengesetzt gerichtet ist. Durch die Überlagerung beider Magnetfelder wird der magnetische Fluss kurzzeitig aus dem Anker verdrängt und in den Bypass geleitet (Kommutierung). Durch die kurzzeitig stark abgeschwächte Magnethaltekraft kann das Federelement den Anker beschleunigen und in die zweite stabile Endlage bewegen.A short current pulse in the exciter coil creates a magnetic field in the armature that is opposite to that of the permanent magnet. Due to the superimposition of both magnetic fields, the magnetic flux is briefly displaced from the armature and conducted into the bypass (commutation). By the briefly strong weakened magnetic holding force, the spring element can accelerate the anchor and move to the second stable end position.
Die erfindungsgemäße Zentrierung des Ankers und des Sockels führen zu einem geringen Ankerspiel und zu einer nur sehr geringen Verkippung des Ankers, was mit einem zuverlässigen Auslöseverhalten des Magnetauslösers einhergeht.The centering of the armature and the base according to the invention lead to a low anchor play and to only a very slight tilting of the armature, which is accompanied by a reliable triggering behavior of the magnetic release.
Der Anker wird erfindungsgemäß an zwei über den Spulenkörper referenzierten Stellen gelagert, auf der zweiten Seite im Spulenkörper, auf der ersten Seite in dem im Spulenkörper zentrierten Zentrierring. Die Toleranzkette bleibt damit kurz und die Passungen können eng gewählt werden. Somit werden auch bei einem kurzen Anker eine maximale Führungslänge sowie eine präzise Ankerführung erzielt.According to the invention, the armature is mounted on two points referenced above the bobbin, on the second side in the bobbin, on the first side in the centering ring centered in the bobbin. The tolerance chain thus remains short and the fits can be narrow. Thus, a maximum guide length and a precise anchor guide are achieved even with a short anchor.
Der erfindungsgemäße Magnetauslöser ist sehr zuverlässig und zeichnet sich durch höchste Leistungsfähigkeit aus. Durch die exakte Ankerführung wird die Streuung der Auslöseparameter stark eingeschränkt. Gleichzeitig werden Forderungen nach hoher Energieausbeute, kurzer Auslösezeit und geringer elektrischer Auslöseenergie erfüllt. Die Erfindung stellt einen guten Kompromiss zwischen den angestrebten Idealwerten und hoher Fertigungssicherheit dar. Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung können unvermeidbare Fertigungstoleranzen ausgeglichen werden wobei die restlichen Parameter höchsten Anforderungen moderner Leistungsschalter gerecht werden.The magnetic release according to the invention is very reliable and is characterized by maximum performance. Due to the exact anchor guide, the scatter of the release parameters is severely limited. At the same time, demands for high energy yield, short tripping time and low electrical tripping energy are met. The present invention provides a good compromise between the desired ideal values and high manufacturing reliability. With the present invention unavoidable manufacturing tolerances can be compensated, the remaining parameters meeting the highest requirements of modern circuit breakers.
Der im Spulenkörper zentrierte Zentrierring besteht vorzugsweise aus einem hochpermeablen Material. Durch die präzise Ankerführung bleibt der Luftspalt zwischen dem zweiten Ende des Ankers und dem Zentrierring sehr klein. Dies führt zu einer Reduzierung des magnetischen Widerstands und der erforderlichen Auslöseenergie. Die Verdrehsicherheit des Ankers kann bei Bedarf relativ einfach durch einen Formschluss im Spulenkörper realisiert werden. Dazu muss der Anker zumindest partiell ein wenig abgeflacht werden. Unabhängig von der Ausbildung einer Verdrehsicherung entspricht die Außenkontur des ersten Endes des Ankers und die Innenkontur des den Anker führenden Abschnitts des Spulenkörpers einander bzw. sie sind passfähig zueinander ausgebildet.The centering ring centered in the bobbin is preferably made of a highly permeable material. Due to the precise anchor guide the air gap between the second end of the armature and the centering ring remains very small. This leads to a reduction of the magnetic resistance and the required tripping energy. The security against rotation of the armature can be relatively easily realized if necessary by a positive connection in the bobbin. For this, the anchor must be at least partially flattened a little. Regardless of the formation of an anti-rotation corresponds to the outer contour of the first end of the armature and the inner contour of the armature leading portion of the bobbin each other or they are adapted to each other.
Erfindungswesentlich ist, dass der Sockel unter Ausbildung eines zentrisch platzierten Zapfens abgestuft ist, wobei der Zapfen im hohlzylinderförmigen Spulenkörper fest verpresst ist, und die der Ankeröffnung abgewandte Stirnseite des Spulenkörpers eine durch einen Bund oder durch Nocken gebildete kleine Auflagefläche aufweist, mit dem der Spulenkörper auf dem Sockel aufsitzt. Da sich der Spulenkörper und der Sockel nur im Bereich des Bundes einander kontaktieren, kann sich der Spulenkörper exakt nach dem Zapfen des Sockels ausrichten. Der Anker, der Spulenkörper und der Sockel weisen eine gemeinsame Längsachse aus, so dass ein Verkippen des Ankers ausgeschlossen ist.Essential to the invention is that the base is stepped to form a centrally placed pin, wherein the pin is pressed firmly in the hollow cylindrical bobbin, and the armature opening facing away from the end face of the bobbin formed by a collar or by cams small bearing surface, with which the bobbin on sits on the pedestal. Since the bobbin and the base only contact each other in the region of the covenant, the bobbin can align exactly after the pin of the base. The armature, the bobbin and the base have a common longitudinal axis, so that tilting of the armature is excluded.
Der Zentrierring wird in der Ankeröffnung im Gehäuse nicht zentriert, er ist gegenüber der Ankeröffnung vielmehr radial beweglich. Es gibt keine Überbestimmung und alle toleranzempfindlichen Teile bleiben im Spulenkörper zueinander ausgerichtet. Dadurch erreicht man ein sehr stabiles Auslöseverhalten mit geringer Streuung des Magnetfeldes.The centering ring is not centered in the armature opening in the housing, it is rather radially movable relative to the armature opening. There is no overdetermination and all tolerance sensitive parts remain aligned in the bobbin. This achieves a very stable tripping behavior with low dispersion of the magnetic field.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nimmt der das erste Ende des Ankers hülsenartig umschließende Abschnitt des Spulenkörpers das Federelement auf, welches sich koaxial gegenüber dem Anker in einer Nut des Spulenkörpers erstreckt. Der Durchmesser des Federelements ist erfindungsgemäß größer als der Durchmesser des Ankers. Dadurch kann ein Federelement zum Einsatz kommen, welches eine kleine Federkonstante und eine geringe Länge aufweist. Im Vergleich zu den aus dem Stand der Technik vorbekannten Federelementen kann bei gleicher maximaler Federkraft und Baulänge der Magnetauslöser ca. 20% mehr Energie freisetzen. Optional kann der Spulenkörper eine hohlzylinderförmige oder hülsenförmige Führung aufweisen, in welcher sowohl das erste Ende des Ankers als auch der Zapfen des Sockels geführt sind.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first end of the armature sleeve-like enclosing portion of the bobbin on the spring element, which extends coaxially with respect to the armature in a groove of the bobbin. The diameter of the spring element according to the invention is greater than the diameter of the armature. As a result, a spring element can be used which has a small spring constant and a short length. Compared to those of the prior art Previously known spring elements can release about 20% more energy at the same maximum spring force and length of the magnetic release. Optionally, the bobbin may have a hollow cylindrical or sleeve-shaped guide, in which both the first end of the armature and the pin of the base are guided.
Das als Druckfeder ausgebildete Federelement wird im Spulenkörper geführt, welcher vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff besteht. Im Vergleich zu metallischen Führungen bzw. Spulenkörpern wird die Reibung vermindert. Dadurch, dass das Federelement koaxial und innerhalb einer dafür vorgesehenen Nut zum Spulenkörper platziert ist, wird durch den im Vergleich zum Ankerquerschnitt größeren Durchmesser des Federelements das Knickverhalten positiv beeinflusst, mit der Folge, dass die Reibung weiter reduziert wird. Weniger Reibung führt zu weniger Abrieb im Arbeitsspalt und damit zu einem stabileren Verhalten der Magnetauslöser. Aufgrund einer geringeren Streuung der magnetischen Haltekraft kann der Sicherheitszuschlag verringert werden, sodass die Magnethaltekraft insgesamt bei gleicher Federkraft geringer gewählt werden kann. Diese reduzierte Magnethaltekraft erfordert weniger Auslöseenergie und ist ein signifikanter Vorteil gegenüber vorbekannten Lösungen. Ferner verringert sich durch den großen Durchmesser der Federelements die Federkonstante, die Energieausbeute steigt bis auf etwa ca. +20 % und die Auslösezeit verringert sich. Im Umkehrschluss erlaubt die Erfindung geringere Magnethaltekräfte bei gleicher Federkraft in der „ausgelöst" - Stellung.The spring element designed as a compression spring is guided in the bobbin, which preferably consists of plastic. Compared to metallic guides or bobbins, the friction is reduced. The fact that the spring element is placed coaxially and within a groove provided for this purpose to the bobbin, the bending behavior is positively influenced by the larger compared to the armature cross section diameter of the spring element, with the result that the friction is further reduced. Less friction leads to less abrasion in the working gap and thus to a more stable behavior of the magnetic release. Due to a smaller dispersion of the magnetic holding force of the safety margin can be reduced, so that the magnetic holding force can be chosen to be lower overall with the same spring force. This reduced magnetic holding force requires less tripping energy and is a significant advantage over previously known solutions. Furthermore, the spring constant is reduced by the large diameter of the spring element, the energy yield increases up to about +20% and the tripping time decreases. Conversely, the invention allows lower magnetic holding forces at the same spring force in the "triggered" - position.
Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist zum Zwecke des Schutzes des Permanentmagneten sowie der Dämpfung des Aufschiagens des Ankers beim Rücksetzen bzw. Einnehmen seiner ersten Endlage entweder zwischen dem Sockel und dem Permanentmagneten eine nichtmagnetische, elastische Folie platziert oder es ist ein den Permanentmagnet umschließender Distanzring vorgesehen, über den sich der Sockel abstützt, wobei der erforderlichen Luftspalt durch die unterschiedlichen Dicken des Permanentmagneten und des Distanzrings definiert wird. Durch beide Maßnahmen wird die Magnetkennlinie geschert, was zu einer geringeren Toleranzempfindlichkeit beim Auslöseverhalten führt. Für beide vorgenannten Fälle gilt jedoch gleichermaßen, dass der Permanentmagnet vor äußeren Kräften geschützt wird.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a non-magnetic elastic film is placed for the purpose of protecting the permanent magnet and the damping of the sliding of the anchor when resetting or taking his first end position either between the base and the permanent magnet or it is a permanent magnet enclosing spacer provided over which the pedestal is supported, wherein the required air gap is defined by the different thicknesses of the permanent magnet and the spacer ring. By both measures, the magnetic characteristic is sheared, resulting in a lower tolerance sensitivity in the tripping behavior. For both aforementioned cases, however, equally applies that the permanent magnet is protected from external forces.
Das Prinzip der Flusskommutierung wird hier besonders vorteilhaft eingesetzt und trägt wesentlich dazu bei, die erforderliche Auslöseenergie zu minimieren. Der dazu notwendige Nebenschluss wird durch einen Luftspalt zwischen Sockel und Gehäuse definiert. Der magnetische Widerstand sinkt, so dass die magnetische Haltekraft mit weniger Spulenstrom stärker abgesenkt werden kann. Nutzt man dieses Prinzip konsequent, fließen mindestens 30% des Flusses des Permanentmagneten über den Bypass. Im bestromten Zustand der Erregerspule verdrängt das magnetische Feld der Erregerspule den durch den Permanentmagnet verursachten Magnetfluss aus dem Anker in den Bypass.The principle of Flußkommutierung is used here particularly advantageous and contributes significantly to minimize the required tripping energy. The necessary shunt is defined by an air gap between base and housing. The magnetic resistance decreases, so that the magnetic holding force can be lowered more with less coil current. Using this principle consistently, at least 30% of the flux of the permanent magnet flows over the bypass. In the energized state of the exciter coil displaces the magnetic field of the exciter coil caused by the permanent magnet magnetic flux from the anchor into the bypass.
Eine nicht-magnetische Beschichtung der zum Anker weisenden Stirnseite des Zapfens des Sockels reduziert die Streuung der Magnethaltekraft.A non-magnetic coating of the armature facing end of the pin of the socket reduces the dispersion of the magnetic holding force.
Die signifikanten Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik sind im Wesentlichen:The significant advantages and features of the invention over the prior art are essentially:
■ sehr zuverlässiger Magnetauslöser mit höchster Leistungsfähigkeit, ■ very reliable magnetic release with highest performance,
■ Verbesserung der Ankerführung wird durch die beiden im Bereich des ersten Ende des Ankers und im Bereich des zweiten Ende des Ankers angeordneten Lagerstellen, nämlich ein Abschnitt des Spulenkörpers und der Zentrierring, erzielt, ■ Verringerung der Ankerverkippung wird erreicht, indem einerseits der Zapfen des Sockels fest im Spulenkörper verpresst ist und der Spulenkörper stirnseitig nur mit einem schmalen, ringförmigen Bund bzw. Nocken auf dem Sockel aufsitzt, und andererseits, indem der Anker, der Spulenkörper und der Sockel mit seinem Zapfen eine gemeinsame Längsachse aufweisen, ■ Improvement of the armature guidance is achieved by the two bearing points arranged in the region of the first end of the armature and in the region of the second end of the armature, namely a section of the coil former and the centering ring, ■ Reduction of the armature tilting is achieved by, on the one hand, the pin of the socket is firmly pressed in the bobbin and the bobbin is frontally seated only with a narrow, annular collar or cam on the base, and on the other hand, by the armature, the bobbin and the base with his pin have a common longitudinal axis,
■ Erhöhung der Energiefreisetzung des Federelements dadurch, dass der Durchmesser des Federelements größer ist als der des Ankers durch Platzierung des Federelements in einer koaxial sich erstreckenden Nut des Spulenkörpers,Increasing the energy release of the spring element in that the diameter of the spring element is greater than that of the anchor by placing the spring element in a coaxially extending groove of the bobbin,
■ Verringerung der erforderlichen Auslöseenergie durch Ausbildung eines Bypass, der sich zwischen den Mantelflächen des Sockels und der Innenwand des Gehäuses bzw. Jochs erstreckt,Reducing the required tripping energy by forming a bypass which extends between the lateral surfaces of the base and the inner wall of the housing or yoke,
■ Dämpfung des Aufschiagens des Ankers beim Rücksetzen bzw. Verfahren in seine erste Endlage mittels einer sogenannten Luftspaltfolie, die zwischen dem Permanentmagnet und dem Sockel platziert ist sowie■ Damping of the armature when resetting or process in its first end position by means of a so-called air gap foil, which is placed between the permanent magnet and the base and
■ Reduzierung der Streuung der Magnethaltekraft durch Beschichtung des Sockels mit einer nicht-magnetischen Schicht.■ Reduction of the dispersion of the magnetic holding force by coating the base with a non-magnetic layer.
Die Ziele und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sind nach sorgfältigem Studium der nachfolgenden ausführlichen Beschreibung der hier bevorzugten, nicht einschränkenden Beispielausgestaltungen der Erfindung mit den zugehörigen Zeichnungen besser zu verstehen und zu bewerten, von denen zeigen:The objectives and advantages of this invention will become better understood and appreciated after a careful study of the following detailed description of the preferred non-limiting example embodiments of the invention herein, together with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 : eine Schnittdarstellung des Magnetauslösers,1 is a sectional view of the magnetic release,
Fig. 2: eine Diagrammdarstellung von Federkennlinien undFig. 2 is a diagram representation of spring characteristics and
Fig. 3: eine Diagrammdarstellung der Streuung der Auslösespannung. Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Magnetauslösers 1. Das Joch 2 des Magnetauslösers 1 besteht aus einem Gehäuse oder Rahmen mit einer Ankeröffnung 17 auf einer ersten Stirnseite und einer Basisplatte zum Verschließen des Gehäuses auf einer zweiten, gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite. Innerhalb des Jochs 2 sind eine Erregerspule 11 sowie ein die Erregerspule 11 aufnehmender Spulenkörper 5 platziert. Der Spulenkörper 5 weist seinerseits eine als Führungshülse ausgebildete Führung 6 auf, die mit einer koaxialen Nut 5.2 versehen ist. In dieser Nut 5.2 ist ein als Druckfeder ausgebildetes Federelement 10 platziert. Der Anker 9 wird in einer Hälfte der Führungshülse geführt. In die andere Hälfte der Führungshülse ist der Zapfen 15.1 des aus einem hochpermeablen Material bestehenden Sockels 15 eingepresst. Das der Ankeröffnung 17 zugewandte zweite Ende des Ankers 9 ist zusätzlich durch einen in der Ankeröffnung 17 platzierten Zentrierring 8 geführt. Dadurch bleibt die Toleranzkette kurz und Anker 9 sowie Sockel 15 sind exakt axial zueinander ausgerichtet. Damit wird in konsequenter Weise eine plane Auflage der Stirnflächen von Anker 9 und Sockel 15 gewährleistet, was deutlich zu einem stabilen Auslöseverhalten beiträgt. Dem Sockel 15 nachgeordnet ist eine Luftspaltfolie, welche den Abstand zwischen einem Permanentmagneten 4 und dem Sockel 15 definiert. Der Permanentmagnet 4 ist von einem Distanzring 13 umschlossen. Der Nebenschluss wird durch den Luftspalt zwischen dem Sockel 15 und Joch 2 gebildet. Der eingedrückte bzw. eingefahrene Anker 9 verharrt bei unbestromter Erregerspule 11 durch die Magnethaltekraft des Permanentmagneten 4 in einer ersten Endlage. Durch einen kurzen Stromimpuls wird die Magnethaltekraft des Permanentmagneten 4 unterbrochen und das als Druckfeder ausgebildete Federelement 10 bewegt den Anker 9 in seine zweite Endlage. Die Druckfeder greift über Formschluss etwa in der Mitte des Ankers 9 an und wird auch über diesen Formschluss geführt. Das zweite Ende der Druckfeder ist im Spulenkörper 5, insbesondere in der Führungsnut 5.2 des Spulenkörpers 5 gelagert. Der Spulenkörper 5 umfasst auf der zur Ankeröffnung 17 weisenden Stirnseite eine angedeutete Nut, in welcher ein weiteres Federelement 7, beispielsweise ein Elastomer oder ein Federring, platziert ist. Das Federelement 7 hat die Aufgabe, Spiel zu vermieden, den Zentrierring 8 an die Ankeröffnung 17 des Jochs 2 anzupressen und damit den magnetischen Kontakt zwischen Zentrierring 8 und Joch 2 zu sichern. Falls erforderlich, lässt die Konstruktion ein radiales Spiel zwischen Zentrierring 8 und Joch 2 zu, wodurch Toleranzen ausgeglichen werden. Eine statische Überbestimmung wird dadurch vermieden, sodass sich der Anker 9 auch bei engen Führungstoleranzen nicht verklemmen kann. Alle toleranzempfindlichen Bauteile bleiben im Spulenkörper 5 ausgerichtet. Dadurch wird ein sehr stabiles Auslöseverhalten mit einer nur geringen Streuung erreicht. Der Zentrierring 8 kann als plane Scheibe oder, wie abgebildet, mit einem zusätzlichen Absatz ausgeführt sein.3 shows a diagram of the scattering of the tripping voltage. The yoke 2 of the magnetic release 1 consists of a housing or frame with an armature opening 17 on a first end face and a base plate for closing the housing on a second, opposite end face. Within the yoke 2, an exciting coil 11 and a bobbin 5 receiving the exciting coil 11 are placed. The bobbin 5 in turn has a trained as a guide sleeve guide 6, which is provided with a coaxial groove 5.2. In this groove 5.2 a designed as a compression spring spring element 10 is placed. The armature 9 is guided in one half of the guide sleeve. In the other half of the guide sleeve, the pin 15.1 of the existing of a high-permeability material socket 15 is pressed. The armature opening 17 facing the second end of the armature 9 is additionally guided by a placed in the armature opening 17 centering ring 8. As a result, the tolerance chain remains short and anchor 9 and base 15 are aligned exactly axially to each other. This consistently ensures a flat support of the end faces of armature 9 and base 15, which contributes significantly to a stable tripping behavior. Downstream of the base 15 is an air gap foil, which defines the distance between a permanent magnet 4 and the base 15. The permanent magnet 4 is enclosed by a spacer ring 13. The shunt is formed by the air gap between the base 15 and yoke 2. The depressed or retracted armature 9 remains in the de-energized exciter coil 11 by the magnetic holding force of the permanent magnet 4 in a first end position. By a short current pulse, the magnetic holding force of the permanent magnet 4 is interrupted and designed as a compression spring spring element 10 moves the armature 9 in its second end position. The compression spring engages about form fit approximately in the middle of the armature 9 and is also performed on this positive connection. The second end of the compression spring is mounted in the bobbin 5, in particular in the guide groove 5.2 of the bobbin 5. The bobbin 5 comprises on the front side facing the armature opening 17 an indicated Groove, in which a further spring element 7, for example an elastomer or a spring ring, is placed. The spring element 7 has the task of avoiding play, to press the centering ring 8 to the armature opening 17 of the yoke 2 and thus to secure the magnetic contact between the centering ring 8 and the yoke 2. If necessary, the construction allows a radial clearance between the centering ring 8 and the yoke 2, whereby tolerances are compensated. A static overdetermination is avoided, so that the armature 9 can not jam even with tight guide tolerances. All tolerance-sensitive components remain aligned in the bobbin 5. As a result, a very stable tripping behavior is achieved with only a small scattering. The centering ring 8 can be designed as a flat disc or, as shown, with an additional paragraph.
Die Fig. 2 illustriert eine Diagrammdarstellung von zwei unterschiedlichen Federkennlinien. Eine erste Federkennlinie repräsentiert hierbei den Stand der Technik und eine zweite Federkennlinie entspricht dem erfindungsgemäßen Magnetauslösers. Auf der x-Achse ist der Ankerweg in mm und auf der y- Achse die Federkraft aufgetragen. Die Federkennlinie gemäß dem Stand der Technik ist deutlich steiler als die Federkennlinie des erfindungsgemäßen Magnetauslösers. Mit anderen Worten, bei gleicher Kraft in der „ausgelöst" - Stellung wird die erforderliche Magnethaltekraft um ca. 20% reduziert. Dadurch kann die erforderliche Auslöseenergie entsprechend gesenkt werden.Fig. 2 illustrates a diagram of two different spring characteristics. A first spring characteristic here represents the prior art and a second spring characteristic corresponds to the magnetic release according to the invention. The anchor path is in mm on the x-axis and the spring force is plotted on the y-axis. The spring characteristic according to the prior art is significantly steeper than the spring characteristic of the magnetic release according to the invention. In other words, with the same force in the "released" position, the required magnetic holding force is reduced by approximately 20%, which can correspondingly reduce the required tripping energy.
Der Fig. 3 ist eine Diagrammdarstellung der Streuung der Auslösespannung zu entnehmen. Auf der x-Achse ist die Versuchsanzahl und auf der y-Achse die Auslösespannung aufgetragen. Verglichen werden hierbei die Streuung eines konventionellen Schalters bzw. Magnetauslösers mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Magnetauslöser. Aufgrund der kurzen Toleranzkette und der exakten Ausrichtung zwischen Anker und Sockel bleibt die Streuung beim erfindungsgemäßen Design sehr viel geringer. LISTE DER BEZUGSZEICHENFIG. 3 shows a diagram of the scattering of the tripping voltage. The number of tests is plotted on the x-axis and the triggering voltage on the y-axis. Compared here are the scattering of a conventional switch or magnetic release with the magnetic release according to the invention. Due to the short tolerance chain and the exact alignment between the armature and the base, the scattering in the design according to the invention remains much lower. LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
1 Magnetauslöser1 magnetic release
2 Joch2 yoke
3 Basis3 base
4 Permanentmagnet4 permanent magnet
5 Spulenkörper5 bobbins
5.1 Bund, Nocken5.1 collar, cams
5.2 Nut5.2 groove
6 Führung6 leadership
7 Federelement7 spring element
8 Zentrierring8 centering ring
9 Anker9 anchors
10 Federelement10 spring element
11 Erregerspule11 excitation coil
12 Bypass12 bypass
13 Distanzring13 spacer ring
14 Folie14 foil
15 Sockel15 sockets
15.1 Zapfen15.1 cones
16 Spalt16 gap
17 Ankeröffnung 17 anchor opening

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Magnetauslöser (1), zumindest umfassend ein eine Ankeröffnung (17) aufweisendes Joch (2), in welchem ein von zumindest einem Abschnitt des Spulenkörpers (5) mit zumindest einer Erregerspule (11) koaxial umschlossener und durch die Kraft eines vorgespannten Federelements (10) beaufschlagbarer Anker (9) platziert ist, welcher bei unbestromter Erregerspule (11) durch die Magnethaltekraft eines Permanentmagneten (4) in einer ersten Endlage verharrt, wobei der Permanentmagnet (4) gemeinsam mit einem zwischen Anker (9) und Permanentmagnet (4) sich erstreckenden Sockel (15) im Bereich des ersten Endes des Ankers (9) angeordnet sind, und die zweite Endlage des Ankers (9) durch kurzzeitige Bestromung der Erregerspule (11) mit der einhergehenden Absenkung der Magnethaltekraft und der dabei wirksamen Federkraft erzielt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassA magnetic release (1), comprising at least one yoke (2) having an armature opening (17) in which one of at least a portion of the coil body (5) is coaxially enclosed by at least one excitation coil (11) and urged by the force of a prestressed spring element (11). 10) can be acted upon anchor (9) is placed, which remains in energized excitation coil (11) by the magnetic holding force of a permanent magnet (4) in a first end position, the permanent magnet (4) together with a between armature (9) and permanent magnet (4) extending base (15) in the region of the first end of the armature (9) are arranged, and the second end position of the armature (9) by brief energization of the exciter coil (11) is achieved with the concomitant lowering of the magnetic holding force and thereby effective spring force, characterized in that
a. das der Ankeröffnung (17) abgewandte erste Ende des Ankers (9) im Spulenkörper (5) zentriert geführt ist und das der Ankeröffnung (17) zugewandte zweite Ende des Ankers (9) durch einen im Spulenkörper (5) zentrierten Zentrierring (8) ebenfalls zentriert geführt ist,a. that the armature opening (17) facing away from the first end of the armature (9) in the bobbin (5) is guided centered and the armature opening (17) facing the second end of the armature (9) by a centered in the bobbin (5) centering ring (8) also centered,
b. der hoch permeable Zentrierring (8) am Joch (2) an der Ankeröffnung (17) anliegt und dabei gegenüber dem Joch radial beweglich ausgebildet ist,b. the highly permeable centering ring (8) bears against the yoke (2) on the armature opening (17) and is radially movable relative to the yoke,
c. der Sockel (15) im Spulenkörper (5) zentriert ist, wobei der Zentrierring gemeinsam mit dem Spulenkörper (5) die plane Auflage des Ankers (9) im Bereich des ersten Endes ohne Verkippen sichert und durch die plane Auflage des Ankers (9) stets maximale Haltekräfte gewährleistet,c. the base (15) in the bobbin (5) is centered, wherein the centering ring together with the bobbin (5) the plane support of the armature (9) in the region of the first end without Tilting secures and always ensured by the flat support of the armature (9) maximum holding forces,
d. das Federelement (10) einen größeren Durchmesser als der Anker (9) aufweist undd. the spring element (10) has a larger diameter than the armature (9) and
e. der magnetische Fluss beim Auslösen von einem Hauptschluss zu einem Nebenschluss kommutiert.e. the magnetic flux commutes upon tripping from a main terminal to a shunt.
2. Magnetauslöser (1) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sockel (15) unter Ausbildung eines zentrisch platzierten Zapfens (15.1) abgestuft ist, wobei der Zapfen (15.1) im hohlzylinderförmigen Spulenkörper (5) fest verpresst ist, und die der Ankeröffnung (17) abgewandte Stirnseite des Spulenkörpers (5) eine durch einen Bund (5.1) oder durch Nocken (5.1) gebildete kleine Auflagefläche aufweist, mit der der Spulenkörper (5) auf dem Sockel (15) aufsitzt.2. Magnetic release (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (15) is stepped to form a centrally placed pin (15.1), wherein the pin (15.1) in the hollow cylindrical bobbin (5) is firmly pressed, and the Anchor opening (17) facing away from the end face of the bobbin (5) by a collar (5.1) or by cams (5.1) formed small bearing surface, with which the bobbin (5) on the base (15) is seated.
3. Magnetauslöser (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der das erste Ende des Ankers (9) hülsenartig umschließende Abschnitt des Spulenkörpers (5) das Federelement (10) aufnimmt, welches sich koaxial gegenüber dem Anker (9) in einer Nut (5.2) des Spulenkörpers (5) erstreckt.3. Magnetic release (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first end of the armature (9) sleeve-like enclosing portion of the bobbin (5) receives the spring element (10), which is coaxial with the armature (9) in a groove (5.2) of the bobbin (5) extends.
4. Magnetauslöser (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spulenkörper (5) eine hülsenartige Führung (6) umfasst, in welcher sowohl das erste Ende des Ankers (9) als auch der Zapfen (15.1) des Sockels (15) geführt sind.4. Magnetic release (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bobbin (5) comprises a sleeve-like guide (6), in which both the first end of the armature (9) and the pin (15.1) of Base (15) are guided.
5. Magnetauslöser (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Schutz des Permanentmagneten und zur Dämpfung des Aufschiagens des Ankers (9) beim Rücksetzen bzw. Einnehmen seiner ersten Endlage5. Magnetic release (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that for the protection of the permanent magnet and the Damping of the sliding of the armature (9) when resetting or taking his first end position
a. zwischen dem Sockel (15) und dem Permanentmagneten (4) eine nichtmagnetische elastische Folie (14) platziert ist, und/odera. between the base (15) and the permanent magnet (4) a non-magnetic elastic film (14) is placed, and / or
b. ein den Permanentmagnet (4) umschließender Distanzring (13) vorgesehen ist, über den sich der Sockel (15) abstützt, wobei der erforderliche Luftspalt durch die unterschiedlichen Dicken des Distanzringes (13) und des Permanentmagneten (4) definiert wird.b. a spacer ring (13) enclosing the permanent magnet (4) is provided, over which the base (15) is supported, the required air gap being defined by the different thicknesses of the spacer ring (13) and the permanent magnet (4).
6. Magnetauslöser (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Distanzring (13) sich unter Ausbildung eines Luftspalts zwischen dem Sockel (15) und dem Joch (2) erstreckt, wobei durch den Luftspalt ein Bypass (12) im Magnetkreis als Nebenschluss aufgebaut wird.6. Magnetic release (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spacer ring (13) extending to form an air gap between the base (15) and the yoke (2), wherein through the air gap, a bypass (12 ) is built in the magnetic circuit as a shunt.
7. Magnetauslöser (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sockel (15) eine nicht-magnetische Beschichtung aufweist, um den Spalt zwischen dem Anker (9) und dem Sockel (15) zu definieren und damit die Toleranzempfindlichkeit zu senken. 7. Magnetic release (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the base (15) has a non-magnetic coating to define the gap between the armature (9) and the base (15) and thus the To lower tolerance sensitivity.
EP10747566.7A 2009-06-24 2010-06-17 Magnetic trigger mechanism Active EP2446450B1 (en)

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DE102009030479A DE102009030479B4 (en) 2009-06-24 2009-06-24 magnetic release
PCT/DE2010/000694 WO2010149134A1 (en) 2009-06-24 2010-06-17 Magnetic trigger mechanism

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EP2446450A1 true EP2446450A1 (en) 2012-05-02
EP2446450B1 EP2446450B1 (en) 2016-10-12

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EP (1) EP2446450B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102549683B (en)
BR (1) BRPI1015973B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102009030479B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2010149134A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI1015973A2 (en) 2019-12-10
BRPI1015973B1 (en) 2020-03-03
US20130021124A1 (en) 2013-01-24
US8669836B2 (en) 2014-03-11
CN102549683A (en) 2012-07-04
WO2010149134A1 (en) 2010-12-29
DE102009030479B4 (en) 2011-04-28
EP2446450B1 (en) 2016-10-12
CN102549683B (en) 2014-07-16
DE102009030479A1 (en) 2010-12-30

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