EP2179430B1 - Actionneur electromagnetique - Google Patents

Actionneur electromagnetique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2179430B1
EP2179430B1 EP08786982.2A EP08786982A EP2179430B1 EP 2179430 B1 EP2179430 B1 EP 2179430B1 EP 08786982 A EP08786982 A EP 08786982A EP 2179430 B1 EP2179430 B1 EP 2179430B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
electromagnetic actuator
magnet
magnetic
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08786982.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2179430A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Haas
Werner Hartmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2179430A1 publication Critical patent/EP2179430A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2179430B1 publication Critical patent/EP2179430B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/083—External yoke surrounding the coil bobbin, e.g. made of bent magnetic sheet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular an electromagnetic actuator for the actuation of a switching element.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises a magnet system 2 with a magnet yoke 4 fixed in a housing and an armature 6 movably mounted in the housing. In an initial position, the armature 6 is actuated by a magnetic force F M acting on it (holding force) on the magnet yoke 4 held.
  • the armature 6 is arranged on a support 8 made of an electrically insulating material and mounted with a guide rod 10 axially displaceable in a guide 12 fixed in the housing.
  • a spring 16 in the example of the figure, a cup spring package is supported.
  • the spring 16 is biased and exerts on the armature 6 acting against the magnetic force F M spring force F F , which is smaller than the force exerted by the magnetic yoke 4 on the armature 6 magnetic holding force or magnetic force F M.
  • the flange 14 is mechanically coupled to the movable contact 18 of an electrical switching element 20, the power supply via the flange 14 and a fixed flange 21 takes place.
  • the magnet yoke 4 of such an actuator arrangement may be a pure DC magnet or a combination of a DC magnet and a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic force F M by one in a coil of the DC magnet flowing current I generated.
  • the magnetic force F M is provided exclusively by the permanent magnet.
  • the direct current I is switched off or compensated by switching on a direct current I or a pulse-shaped current generated by the permanent magnet magnetic field by an electromagnetically generated opposing field.
  • the armature 6 is set in motion and actuates the switching element 20 via the flange 14.
  • magnetic force F M and spring force F F must be matched to one another in such a way that the armature 6 remains securely in the initial position even under mechanical loading of the switching device and does not trigger upon vibration.
  • the spring force F F must be large enough to accelerate the armature so that in a short time covers a distance sufficient to operate the switching element 20 safely.
  • paths in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter to about 2 mm are often covered in very short times ( ⁇ 1 ms).
  • High holding forces on the one hand and short switching times on the other hand, however, are contradictory demands. High holding forces require namely a correspondingly high anchor volume and thus a high anchor mass. These in turn lead to a greater inertia of the armature when it is accelerated by the spring.
  • An electromagnet for use as an actuator, which comprises a cup-shaped magnet housing with a magnet core arranged centrally in the iron core, a coil for generating a magnetic flux in the magnet housing and a relative to the longitudinal axis of the magnet housing tiltable anchor plate.
  • Essential to the function of this solenoid as an actuator is to be the tiltable armature plate, which has the same outer diameter as the pot edge of the magnet housing.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an electromagnetic actuator for actuating an electromagnetic switching element, with which it is possible to realize short switching times at the same time high holding forces.
  • the electromagnetic actuator includes a magnetic yoke including an inner magnetic core portion surrounded by an electric coil and an outer magnetic core portion between which there is a gap surrounding the inner magnetic core portion in which a coil surrounding the inner magnetic core portion is disposed an armature which is provided in the region of the gap with at least one recess.
  • the magnetic field traversed by the magnetic iron cross section of the armature from the center of the armature to its edge is minimal and there are no saturation properties.
  • the mass of the armature can be reduced with respect to a solid armature in the form of a disc or plate with opposing plane-parallel flat sides, so that the armature is accelerated faster with otherwise identical construction of the switching device and in this way shorter switching times compared to the prior art are possible.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that it is possible to reduce the anchor volume in the region of the magnetic-field-free gap without this leading to a reduction in the magnetic or holding force exerted between the magnetic yoke and the armature.
  • the at least one recess may be present in the armature in the form of a depression or a passage opening or window, wherein achieved by the introduction of passage openings a particularly effective mass reduction of the anchor who can.
  • armature used for the actuator according to the invention, wherein the armature in particular comprises an inner and a surrounding outer anchor region, which are connected to each other via a plurality of webs.
  • the armature is also provided on its rear side facing away from the magnetic yoke with at least one recess, a further reduction of the armature mass can be achieved.
  • a particularly space-saving and manufacturing technology easy to manufacture embodiment is achieved when the magnetic yoke is designed as a pot core.
  • the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention may be a pure electromagnet or an electromagnet combined with a permanent magnet, in which the magnetic yoke comprises a permanent magnet whose magnetic axis coincides with the magnetic axis of the inner magnetic core region.
  • FIG. 7 has already been described in the introduction to explain the operation of electromagnetic actuators.
  • the same elements have the same reference numerals.
  • the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention comprises a magnetic yoke 40, which in the example is rotationally symmetrical about a first magnetic axis 42 as a pot core.
  • the magnetic yoke 40 includes an inner cylindrical magnetic core portion 46 surrounded by an electric coil 44 surrounded by an outer hollow cylindrical magnetic core portion 48 and separated therefrom by an annular circumferential gap 50 into which the coil 44 is inserted.
  • the pole faces 52 and 54 of the inner and outer magnetic core areas 46, 48 are arranged in a common plane 56.
  • the magnet yoke 40 is associated with a movably mounted, flat, approximately disk-shaped armature 60, which is provided in the region of the gap 50 with a plurality of recesses 62, which are designed in the example of this figure as a passage opening or window.
  • the armature 60 is a modification according to the invention of a dashed line shown in the figure circular disk-shaped solid anchor with plane-parallel flat sides.
  • the armature 6 is provided not only with the recess 62 in the region of the gap 50 but also with a recess 64 running around the outer edge of the armature 60 and in the rear side of the armature 60 facing away from the magnet yoke 40.
  • Another rotationally symmetrical recess 66 on the back of the armature 60 is located in the middle.
  • the recesses 64, 66 take into account the course of the magnetic flux in the armature and are accordingly introduced where the flux density is low.
  • the mass of the armature 60 is significantly reduced without this leading to a holding force-impairing change in the flux density profile between armature 60 and magnetic yoke 40 or saturation phenomena occur.
  • the magnetic holding force exerted by the magnetic yoke 40 on the armature 60 is at least approximately the same as the holding force exerted by the same magnetic yoke 40 on a disk-shaped armature with plane-parallel flat sides according to the prior art.
  • a multi-part yoke 40 is provided in which the inner magnetic core portion 46 on its side facing away from the pole face 52, a permanent magnet 462 is associated, the magnetic axis coincides with the magnetic axis 42 of the inner magnetic core portion 46.
  • the holding force is generated exclusively by the action of the permanent magnet 462.
  • the discharge of the armature 6 is effected in that when switching on of the coil 44 and the coil core 464 electromagnet formed an opposing field is generated, which at least approximately reverses the effect of the permanent magnet 462.
  • Fig. 2 In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is the spring 16, the corresponding with the electromagnet off Fig. 1 or at compensated magnetic field of the permanent magnet accordingly Fig. 2 generates the linear acceleration of the armature 60, integrated into the yoke 40.
  • the armature 60 is provided with four recesses 62, which are designed as passage openings.
  • the magnetic flux is thereby guided by an inner region 68 of the armature 60 to an annular äuße Ren area 70 via webs 72.
  • the recesses 62 are introduced in the form of through holes.
  • window-shaped recesses 62 it is also possible according to FIG. 6 provide such recesses 62, which are present only in the form of recesses and form material recesses.
  • a rotationally symmetrical armature 60 is shown, in which the recess 62 is formed by an annular circumferential groove.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Actionneur électromagnétique pour actionner un élément (20) de commutation électrique, comprenant une culasse (40) magnétique, qui comprend une partie (46) intérieure de noyau magnétique et une partie (48) extérieure de noyau magnétique, entre lesquelles se trouve un intervalle (50) qui entoure la partie (46) intérieure de noyau magnétique et dans lequel est disposée une bobine (44) entourant la partie intérieure de noyau magnétique et comprenant une armature (60 ) qui est pourvue, dans la zone de l'intervalle (50), d'au moins un évidement (62), l'armature (60) étant pourvue, du côté arrière éloigné de la culasse (40) magnétique, d'au moins un évidement (64, 66), caractérisé en ce que le au moins un évidement (66) se trouve au milieu et/ou le au moins un évidement (64) se trouve sur le bord extérieur de l'armature (60), la section transversale de fer, traversée par le champ magnétique, de l'armature (60) est minimum du centre de l'armature (60) à son bord et dans lequel il n'apparaît pas de phénomène de saturation.
  2. Actionneur électromagnétique suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel le au moins un évidement (62) est une ouverture traversante.
  3. Actionneur électromagnétique suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel il est prévu une pluralité d'évidements (62).
  4. Actionneur électromagnétique suivant la revendication 3 en liaison avec la revendication 2, dans lequel l'armature (60) comprend une partie (68) intérieure et une partie (70) extérieure qui l'entoure, qui sont reliées entre elles par une pluralité d'entretoises (72).
  5. Actionneur électromagnétique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la culasse (40) magnétique est constituée en noyau en pot.
  6. Actionneur électromagnétique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la culasse (40) magnétique comprend un aimant (462) permanent, dont l'axe magnétique coïncide avec l'axe (42) magnétique de la partie (46) intérieure de noyau magnétique.
EP08786982.2A 2007-08-13 2008-08-07 Actionneur electromagnetique Not-in-force EP2179430B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710038165 DE102007038165B4 (de) 2007-08-13 2007-08-13 Elektromagnetischer Aktor
PCT/EP2008/060383 WO2009021899A1 (fr) 2007-08-13 2008-08-07 Actionneur électromagnétique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2179430A1 EP2179430A1 (fr) 2010-04-28
EP2179430B1 true EP2179430B1 (fr) 2017-02-01

Family

ID=39930672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08786982.2A Not-in-force EP2179430B1 (fr) 2007-08-13 2008-08-07 Actionneur electromagnetique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2179430B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007038165B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009021899A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010014072A1 (de) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh Betätigungsvorrichtung
DE102011082114B3 (de) 2011-09-05 2013-01-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektromagnetischer Antrieb
DE102011115614B4 (de) * 2011-09-27 2014-03-06 Thomas Magnete Gmbh Proportionalmagnet
EP3439013A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2019-02-06 ABB Schweiz AG Armature pour actionneur électromagnétique, actionneur électromagnétique, dispositif de commutation et procédé de fabrication d'une armature

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3912042A1 (de) * 1988-04-12 1990-01-11 Scholz Joachim Elektromagnet
DE19852287C2 (de) * 1998-11-13 2000-11-09 Daimler Chrysler Ag Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und Verwendung des Aktuators
DE19922424C2 (de) * 1999-05-14 2003-04-30 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetischer Stellantrieb
DE102005026415A1 (de) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetische Antriebseinrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2179430A1 (fr) 2010-04-28
DE102007038165A1 (de) 2009-02-26
DE102007038165B4 (de) 2011-06-09
WO2009021899A1 (fr) 2009-02-19

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