EP2429788A1 - Verfahren sowie anlage zum herstellen eines betonkörpers - Google Patents
Verfahren sowie anlage zum herstellen eines betonkörpersInfo
- Publication number
- EP2429788A1 EP2429788A1 EP10718928A EP10718928A EP2429788A1 EP 2429788 A1 EP2429788 A1 EP 2429788A1 EP 10718928 A EP10718928 A EP 10718928A EP 10718928 A EP10718928 A EP 10718928A EP 2429788 A1 EP2429788 A1 EP 2429788A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- concrete body
- concrete
- profile
- producing
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/14—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
- B28B11/16—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting for extrusion or for materials supplied in long webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B11/0845—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads for smoothing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B11/0863—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads for profiling, e.g. making grooves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a concrete body according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and to a system for producing the concrete body according to claim 5.
- a process for the production of concrete roof tiles in the extrusion process, in which applied to sub-forms, which are fed in a continuous strand of a coating system, a layer of fresh concrete and then compacted and profiled by forming roller and Glätter and profiled is known (DE 35 22 846 A1).
- the thus compacted fresh concrete layer is then cut into individual roof tiles in a cutting station. Since the fresh concrete used to make the tiles has a relatively coarse grit, the tiles have a rough, porous surface. Therefore, the surface of the tiles for sealing and smoothing is provided with a color coating.
- US 4,666,648 A is known to provide the top of a roof tile with a profile.
- the profiling is done here for other purposes.
- US No. 4,666,648 A discloses a method for producing roof tiles, in which a profile is applied to the top of the roof tiles by means of an irregularly profiled profiling unit. This profile consists of several juxtaposed and longitudinally aligned grooves that imitate a wood grain. On this tile then brown color is applied, so that the roof tiles produced have the appearance of wood shingles.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a concrete body produced from extruded fresh concrete, consisting of only one concrete mixture, which has a very smooth surface and a high surface quality and which can be produced easily.
- the inventive method dispenses with the production and the separate application of a fine-grained concrete mixture as a topcoat.
- a fresh concrete mixture is used for the production of the Dachstein.
- the improvement of the surface finish is achieved by providing a method of producing a concrete body having a flat top surface.
- a concrete body is extruded from fresh concrete, which is provided on its upper side by a profiling unit with a groove profile.
- a separation of the sand particles according to their particle size whereby large sand particles from the surface region of the concrete body towards the inside, ie in the interior of the concrete body, are displaced.
- the invention also relates to a plant for producing a concrete body having such a flat top.
- the plant has a processing station with an extrusion device for extruding a concrete body of fresh concrete and a profiling unit located downstream in the extrusion direction for producing a groove profile on the top side of the concrete body, wherein the profiling unit has a profile with webs extending in the extrusion direction and parallel to each other. Over a distance b of the webs to each other, a limit for a size-dependent separation of the sand particles is specified.
- the plant also includes a leveling unit for smoothing the profiled top of the concrete body.
- the concrete body according to the invention therefore have a significantly reduced surface roughness. Due to the lower surface roughness, the amount of ink application can be significantly reduced.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of a finished concrete body
- FIG. 2 is a section AA through the concrete body shown in Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section of the section of the concrete body shown in FIG. 2;
- Figure 4 is a side view of part of a plant for the production of concrete bodies
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a bottom of a profiling unit;
- FIG. 6 shows a section of the profiling unit shown in FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7 shows a section of a variant of the profiling unit shown in FIG. 5;
- Figure 8 shows the application of a groove profile on a concrete body;
- FIG. 9 shows the leveling of the groove profile arranged on the concrete body according to FIG. 8;
- Figure 10 shows the concrete body shown in Figure 2 with grooved profile before leveling.
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the upper side 1 of a finished concrete body 2 with a head-side section 3, a middle section 4 and a foot-side section 5.
- This concrete body 2 has the shape of a Dachstein, for example, the shape of a Frankfurter pan on.
- the concrete body 2 has a deck seam 6, a center brim 7 and a water fold 8. Between the deck seam 6 and the center brim 7 and between the center brim 7 and the water fold 8, a respective watercourse 9, 10 is arranged.
- a water barrier can be arranged in the waterways 9, 10. However, such a water barrier is not shown in FIG.
- the Wasserfalz 8 of the concrete body 2 has a plurality Wasserfalzrippen 14, 15, 16. In these Wasserfalzrippen 14, 15, 16 of the concrete body 2 Deckfalzrippen another concrete body can be arranged. Through the deck seam 6 and the water rebate 8, it is possible to arrange the concrete body when laying a roof accurately to each other.
- FIG. 2 shows a section AA through the concrete body 2 shown in FIG. 1.
- the cover fold 6, the center brim 7, the water fold 8 and the two water passages 9 and 10 can be seen once again.
- the concrete body 2 consists of a layer 17 of concrete, which is divided into three areas 18, 19, 27.
- the region 19 is arranged above the region 18 and covers the region 18 almost completely.
- the upper region 19 thus forms a covering layer of the concrete body 2. Only the water fold 8 is not covered by the covering layer 19, that is to say the region 19.
- the regions 18, 19, 27 consist of the same mixture of fresh concrete, the regions 18, 19, 27 differ in the mean particle size of the sand particles.
- the region 27 comprises sand particles having a mean grain size corresponding to that of the fresh concrete mix used to make the concrete bodies.
- the average particle size of the sand particles is thus the largest, while the mean particle size of the sand particles is the smallest in the region 19.
- the sand in the area 19 is therefore very fine-grained.
- the region 19 is also arranged on the water rebate 8.
- this is not absolutely necessary since as a rule the water rebate 8 in a roof construction is covered by a cover fold of a further concrete body.
- FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section of the watercourse 9 of the concrete body 2 shown in FIG. Good to see that the concrete layer 17 is divided into three areas 18, 19, 27, namely in the top layer forming the top layer 19, the middle area 18 and the lower area 27.
- sand particles are arranged whose mean grain size is different.
- sand particles having a grain size are present in the regions 18 and 27 which do not occur in the region 19.
- the layer 17 with such a particle size distribution can not be produced by simple smoothing, but it must be done in the production of the concrete body 2 in the region 19, which forms the top layer, depending on the size of the sand particles, a separation of the sand particles. In the present invention, this separation of the sand particles takes place according to their size by a profiling unit.
- This section of the installation 20 comprises a processing station 29 with an extrusion device 30, a surface processing unit 31 and a conveyor belt 21 for conveying an endless strand of sub-forms 23, on which the strip-shaped, extruded concrete body 2 of fresh concrete later rests.
- the surface processing unit 31 is connected downstream of the extrusion device 30 and has a profiled profiling unit 26 and a leveling unit 28.
- the leveling unit 28 has a non-profiled, that is a smooth underside.
- the sub-forms 23 to be filled with fresh concrete are first fed by the treadmill 21 to the extrusion device 30.
- This extrusion device 30 has a material box 32 which is stored with fresh concrete 33.
- This fresh concrete 33 has sand particles of different grain size.
- fresh concrete 33 is applied to these lower molds 23.
- a spiked shaft 24 and a profiled roller 25 are arranged.
- the spiked shaft 24 presses the fresh concrete 33 in a first step in the lower molds 23.
- the fresh concrete is then compacted by the profiled roller 25 to a band-shaped concrete body 2, which at the same time receives the desired profile. With the plant 20 shown here, the concrete body 2 receives a cross-sectional profile.
- the band-shaped concrete body 2 is fed to the surface processing unit 31, the concrete body 2 first passing through the profiling unit 26.
- This profiling unit 26 has a profile, preferably a profile, in a lower region 59 comb-like profile. However, this profile can not be seen in FIG.
- a groove profile is applied to the upper side 1 of the concrete body 2 by moving the concrete body 2 below the profiling unit 26 in the transporting direction 22.
- a separation of the sand particles according to their particle size.
- fine sand particles have an average particle size which is smaller than the mean particle size of the large sand particles.
- the profiling unit 26 When passing the profiling unit 26 thus arise on the surface 1 of the concrete body 2 surveys of the groove profile, which consist of a very fine concrete. At the same time, air trapped in the concrete can escape.
- the concrete body 2 After the groove profile has been applied to the concrete body 2 by means of the profiling unit 26, the concrete body 2 is moved in the direction of a leveling unit 28.
- This embedding unit 28 is used to remove the groove profile applied to the concrete body 2.
- the concrete body 2 is moved below the leveling unit 28 in the transport direction 22, wherein the leveling unit 28 levels the upper side 1 of the concrete body 2.
- This leveling is done by crushing the elevations of the groove profile, whereby the very fine-grained concrete of the elevations of the groove profile evenly distributed on the surface portion of the concrete body 2 and the upper portion 19 is formed, which forms the covering layer of the concrete body 2 shown in Figures 2 and 3.
- the upper region 19 can therefore also be referred to as cover layer 19.
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a lower side 67 of the lower region 59 of the profiled profiling unit 26.
- a comb-like profile 40 is provided on this underside 67 of the profiling unit 26.
- This profile 40 consists of several juxtaposed webs 41 to 45, each having a distance b from each other.
- the underside 67 of the profiling unit 26 essentially has the shape of a concrete body. In this case, the sections 68 to 71 of the profile 40 can be seen.
- the section 68 serves to provide a cover fold of a concrete body with a groove profile.
- the sections 69 and 71 serve to provide the two streams of a concrete body with a groove profile.
- a groove profile is applied to a center brim.
- a section with which a water fold of a concrete body can also be provided with a groove profile is not provided in the profiling unit 26 shown in FIG.
- a water rebate of a concrete body is not provided with a profile.
- the leveling unit 28 has the same shape as the profiling unit 26, the underside of the leveling unit 28 being smooth, that is, no profile being provided on the underside of the leveling unit 28.
- a section for leveling, that is, for smoothing a Wasserfalzes a concrete body is not provided in the leveling unit 28, especially on the Wasserfalz with the profiling unit 26 and no groove profile is arranged.
- FIG. 6 shows a detail of the profiling unit 26 shown in FIG. 5, which has the comb-like profile 40 on its underside 67.
- This profile 40 comprises a plurality of webs 41 to 45, which are rectangular in construction.
- the webs 41 to 45 have a width a and a length c.
- the individual webs 41 to 45 are spaced apart by the distance b.
- the profile 40 can assume the following values: 0.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 3 mm, 0.5 ⁇ b ⁇ 3 mm and 1 ⁇ c ⁇ 4 mm.
- the width a and the length c of the webs must be in a balanced relationship.
- the ratio c / a is in the range of 1, 5 to 2, that is, it is 1, 5 D c / a D 2.
- a limit value for the size-dependent separation of the sand particles is specified via the distance b. If, for example, 1 mm is specified as dimension b, then coarse sand particles with a particle size> 1 mm are displaced out of the surface area of the concrete body 2, while the fine sand particles with a particle size ⁇ 1 mm remain in the surface area and thus remain in the elevations (see FIG. Fig. 8, reference numerals 61 to 65) of the groove profile accumulate, so that a cover layer of the fine concrete can be formed.
- the choice of the sand used for the production of fresh concrete depends on the distance b, because the sanding line must be chosen so that more than 60% of the sand particles have a particle size smaller than b. Only if this is ensured, the profile 40 is sufficiently filled with fine sand particles and a sufficient flow of material through the profile 40 ensured.
- FIG. 7 shows a variant of a profiled leveling unit 46 with a profile 47. Also, the profile 47 is constructed comb-like, wherein the profile 47 has slightly conical webs 48 to 52. By these conical webs 48 to 52, the risk is less that the profile 47 is clogged with concrete.
- FIG. 8 shows the production of a groove profile on the upper side 1 of the concrete body 2 by means of the profiling unit 26. Only a section of the concrete body 2 and the profiling unit 26 are shown in FIG. Evident is the concrete layer 17 with sand particles of different sizes.
- the top 1 is processed.
- the defined distance b of the webs 41 to 45 to each other only sand particles are moved with a very specific diameter by the comb-like profile 40.
- Sandpar- with a diameter greater than b are not passed through the profile 40.
- a plurality of elevations 61 to 65 can be seen, which are arranged in the intermediate intervals of the comb-like profile 40. In the surveys 61 to 65 are thus on average smaller sand particles than in the underlying areas of the layer 17th
- FIG. 9 shows the leveling of the groove profile applied to the upper side 1 of the concrete body 2 by means of the leveling unit 28.
- this leveling unit 28 has no profile on its underside 60.
- the elevations 61 to 65 can be leveled, whereby the elevations 61 to 65 are pressed on the top 1 of the concrete body 2 down. This results in a crushing of the elevations 61 to 65 by the leveling unit 28.
- the top 1 of the concrete body 2 is smoothed, whereby the upper portion 19 is formed, which is arranged above the region 18 and forms the cover layer. In this case, only the smaller sand particles are arranged in the region 19 and both the small and the large sand particles are arranged in the region 18.
- the thickness D of the region 19 is dependent on the geometry of the profiling unit 26. The following relationship applies here:
- FIG. 10 shows the concrete body 2 according to FIG. 2, after a groove profile 66 has been applied on its upper side 1 by means of the profiling unit 26 according to FIG.
- the groove profile 66 is arranged only on the cover fold 6, the center brim 7 and on the two water runs 9 and 10.
- the Wasserfalz 8 has no groove profile. Since the water fold 8 is covered by a cover fold of another concrete body, an improvement in the surface quality of the Wasserfalzes 8 just in terms of appearance is not important.
- the invention thus relates to a method for producing a concrete body 2 extruded from fresh concrete 33, characterized by the following successive steps:
- the concrete body 2 is moved to a profiling unit 26, which at least partially has a profile 40, 47 on its underside, wherein the profile 40, 47 is constructed such that with the profile 40, 47 particles of sand in the concrete body 2 separated according to their particle size can be;
- a groove profile 66 is applied to the top 1 of the concrete body 2, wherein in the groove profile 66 sand particles are arranged with an average particle size whose average particle size is smaller than the average particle size of the fresh concrete 33;
- the concrete body 2 with the groove profile 66 is moved to a leveling unit 28, wherein the leveling unit 28 has a bottom which is formed such that with the bottom of the leveling unit 28, the groove profile 66 of the concrete body 2 is leveled, whereby on the top 1 a Cover layer 19 and an area arranged below 18 arise, wherein in the cover layer 19 are only the sand particles that were arranged in the groove profile 66 prior to leveling.
- the invention relates to a plant for producing a concrete body 2 with a flat top 1, comprising a processing station 29 with an extrusion device 30 for extruding a concrete body 2 made of fresh concrete 33 and one of Extrusion device 30 downstream profiling unit 26, 46, characterized in that
- the profiling unit 26, 46 is provided on its underside with a profile 40, 47, which is constructed such that with the profile 40, 47 on the top 1 of the concrete body 2, a groove profile 66 can be applied, wherein in the groove profile 66 sand particles are arranged with an average particle size whose mean particle size is smaller than the mean particle size of the fresh concrete 33;
- One of the profiling unit 26, 46 downstream leveling unit 28 is provided, which has a bottom 60 for leveling the groove profile 66, wherein the underside of the leveling unit 28 is formed such that after leveling the groove profile 66, the top 1 of the concrete body 2 an upper area 19 and a region 18 arranged underneath, wherein the upper region 19 forms a cover layer and the cover layer has only the sand particles of the elevations of the groove profile 66.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009021123.3A DE102009021123B4 (de) | 2009-05-13 | 2009-05-13 | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Betonkörpers sowie Anlage hierfür |
PCT/EP2010/055488 WO2010130551A1 (de) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-04-23 | Verfahren sowie anlage zum herstellen eines betonkörpers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2429788A1 true EP2429788A1 (de) | 2012-03-21 |
EP2429788B1 EP2429788B1 (de) | 2016-06-08 |
Family
ID=42729172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10718928.4A Active EP2429788B1 (de) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-04-23 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines betonkörpers |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20120126446A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2429788B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102413996B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102009021123B4 (de) |
MY (1) | MY161070A (de) |
RU (1) | RU2483870C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010130551A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA201106958B (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015113328A1 (de) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | Monier Roofing Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Dachsteins mit einer Wassersperre und Dachstein mit angeformter Wassersperre |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA933729A (en) * | 1971-08-06 | 1973-09-18 | D. Paton William | Concrete finishing method and machine |
CA1198882A (en) * | 1982-04-08 | 1986-01-07 | Marley Tile A.G. | Roof tiles |
DE3522846A1 (de) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-02 | Braas & Co Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von betondachsteinen |
DE3809162A1 (de) * | 1988-03-18 | 1989-09-28 | Braas & Co Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur herstellung mehrschichtiger betondachsteine |
DE8911160U1 (de) * | 1989-09-19 | 1989-11-16 | Braas & Co GmbH, 6370 Oberursel | Mehrschichtiger Betondachstein |
DE3932573A1 (de) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-04-11 | Nelskamp Dachziegelwerke Gmbh | Betondachstein mit einer aufextrudierten oberflaechenbeschichtung sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner herstellung |
US5269625A (en) * | 1991-02-25 | 1993-12-14 | Stewart Stanley R | Rock depress float |
RU2038972C1 (ru) * | 1992-01-03 | 1995-07-09 | Виктор Николаевич Бондарев | Способ изготовления профильных и плоских изделий, преимущественно черепицы, непрерывным формованием и устройство для его осуществления |
UA12898C2 (uk) * | 1993-07-28 | 1997-02-28 | Віктор Миколайович Бондарєв | Спосіб виготовлеhhя профільhих та плескатих виробів, переважhо черепиці, безперервhим формуваhhям та пристрій для його здійсhеhhя |
JP3049222B2 (ja) * | 1997-08-22 | 2000-06-05 | エクセン株式会社 | コンクリート表面仕上機 |
JP2000328721A (ja) | 1999-05-24 | 2000-11-28 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 瓦 材 |
DE10347578A1 (de) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-05-19 | Lafarge Roofing Technical Centers Gmbh | Dachstein, der wenigstens zwei Lagen enthält |
DE102005011201A1 (de) | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Lafarge Roofing Technical Centers Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Wassersperre bei einem noch nicht erhärteten Dachstein |
-
2009
- 2009-05-13 DE DE102009021123.3A patent/DE102009021123B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-04-23 MY MYPI2011005265A patent/MY161070A/en unknown
- 2010-04-23 US US13/319,212 patent/US20120126446A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-23 CN CN201080020003.1A patent/CN102413996B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-23 WO PCT/EP2010/055488 patent/WO2010130551A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-04-23 EP EP10718928.4A patent/EP2429788B1/de active Active
- 2010-04-23 RU RU2011143853/03A patent/RU2483870C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-09-22 ZA ZA2011/06958A patent/ZA201106958B/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-12-10 US US14/565,959 patent/US20150086665A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010130551A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY161070A (en) | 2017-04-14 |
RU2483870C1 (ru) | 2013-06-10 |
US20120126446A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
DE102009021123B4 (de) | 2015-01-15 |
CN102413996A (zh) | 2012-04-11 |
WO2010130551A1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
CN102413996B (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
EP2429788B1 (de) | 2016-06-08 |
ZA201106958B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
DE102009021123A1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
US20150086665A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
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