EP2383377B1 - Webmaschine und Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Weben - Google Patents

Webmaschine und Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Weben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2383377B1
EP2383377B1 EP10161488A EP10161488A EP2383377B1 EP 2383377 B1 EP2383377 B1 EP 2383377B1 EP 10161488 A EP10161488 A EP 10161488A EP 10161488 A EP10161488 A EP 10161488A EP 2383377 B1 EP2383377 B1 EP 2383377B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
weft thread
weaving
weft
shed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10161488A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2383377A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Dr. Kühl
Frank Durst
Eckhard Fehrenbacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Groz Beckert KG
Original Assignee
Groz Beckert KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Groz Beckert KG filed Critical Groz Beckert KG
Priority to EP10161488A priority Critical patent/EP2383377B1/de
Priority to JP2011102392A priority patent/JP5819097B2/ja
Priority to CN201110108421.2A priority patent/CN102234864B/zh
Priority to US13/097,652 priority patent/US8479778B2/en
Publication of EP2383377A1 publication Critical patent/EP2383377A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2383377B1 publication Critical patent/EP2383377B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
    • D03D41/004—Looms for three-dimensional fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
    • D03D47/27—Drive or guide mechanisms for weft inserting
    • D03D47/277—Guide mechanisms
    • D03D47/278—Guide mechanisms for pneumatic looms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loom and a method for three-dimensional weaving.
  • Fabrics are a commonly used reinforcement in composites.
  • the fabric fibers are preferably subjected to tension.
  • tissue introduced into the composite material must be adapted to the desired component shape.
  • EP 0 302 012 B1 proposes to produce a three-dimensional fabric shape by means of spherical-shaped draw-off rollers. Again, the tissue is stretched after the weaving process to obtain the desired shape.
  • a three-dimensionally shaped fabric zone is formed by the number of incorporated warp or weft threads varies or that the type of binding is changed.
  • the spacing of the warp threads is achieved by changing the distance of the Rietlamellen.
  • the Riet is fan-shaped, so that the distance between two adjacent Rietlamellen varies. Due to a displacement of the reed, the distance between two adjacent warp threads can therefore be adjusted.
  • the contour change occurs when striking the weft thread through the reed.
  • a device for producing a three-dimensional fabric wherein between the shedding device and the fabric withdrawal in front of the fabric edge, a shaped body is arranged, which has the fabric shape to be produced.
  • the shaped body can be formed from a plurality of panes or alternatively from a series of adjustable tappets. The desired shape is also formed during this process during the attack of the weft thread.
  • the three-dimensional fabric is woven directly.
  • the weft thread is injected into the open shed along a weft thread path.
  • the weft thread path is curved transversely to the insertion direction and thus has a two-dimensional shape.
  • the three-dimensional fabric shape is already obtained directly by the thread path of the weft thread.
  • the warp threads are brought to the opening of the shed in a position in which the positioned on the same side of the shed warp threads follow the course of the weft thread path.
  • the opened shed is thus adapted to the contour of the weft thread path.
  • the spacing of the warp threads from the weft thread path can be predetermined and, in particular, constant.
  • the weft thread path is preferably defined by means of lamellae which project into the opened shed between the warp threads.
  • Each lamella may have an open in the direction of the fabric edge Schussfadenaus originallyung.
  • the weft thread recesses of the slats are arranged in the shed along the weft thread path. When entering the weft thread this is transported through the weft thread recesses of the lamellae and obtained in this way its desired two-dimensional course. By weft recesses thus results in a weft channel for guiding the weft thread.
  • the lamellae are preferably mounted on a common bar. In their extension direction, the slats are arranged displaceably on the bar. In this way, by moving the slats relative to each other very easily the desired weft thread path can be adjusted. The position of the slats can be changed after each shooting day. As a result, three-dimensional tissue forms can be formed with stepless transitions.
  • the reed is pivotally mounted.
  • the lamellae thus serve not only to define the weft thread path, but at the same time for striking the weft thread to the fabric edge.
  • the slats are mounted parallel to each other on the bar.
  • a stranded drive is provided, by means of which the strands can be positioned independently of one another in the direction of change of compartment.
  • the warp threads of one group are positioned at a predetermined distance above the desired weft thread path and the warp threads of another group are positioned at a predetermined distance below the weft thread path. In this way, the desired shed opening angle is obtained.
  • the strands are attached to your stranded drive opposite end of a common strand holder. Between the strand and the strand holder, an elastic means is provided, so that the strand pulled by the elastic force of the elastic means to the strand holder and through the strand drive in the opposite direction can be moved away from the strand holder. If the strand drive does not exert any force on the strand, this is brought into a rest position by the elastic means.
  • one or more warp threads can be grasped and separated by one or more warp thread holders.
  • a holding device can be provided which can receive and hold one or more, preferably all, warp threads of the warp thread warp.
  • Individual warp threads can also be taken from the center of the fabric, for example, if openings or zones without linking are to be produced in the fabric.
  • the removed and kept ready warp threads can be supplied with the help of a gripper, a robot arm or the like to the weaving process again.
  • the weaving machine can also have a weft insertion device for inserting the weft thread or a cutting device for cutting off the weft thread.
  • the position of these two devices can be adapted to the desired weft thread path. Therefore, the weft insertion device and / or the cutting device are arranged displaceably in the change of subject direction. In order to adapt to a changed width of the fabric in the weft direction, the weft insertion device and / or the cutting device can also be displaceably arranged in the weft insertion direction.
  • the transport of the weft thread along the two-dimensional weft thread path is preferably assisted by fluid nozzles.
  • the fluid nozzles are arranged between two lamellae and in particular stored at the bar.
  • the fluid nozzles are arranged displaceably in the changing direction of the bar, so that the fluid flow generated by the fluid nozzle can be adapted to the respectively set weft thread path.
  • a loom 10 is shown in the manner of a block diagram.
  • the weaving machine 10 has a creel 11, via which the loom 10 warp threads 12 are supplied.
  • a holding grid 13 arranges the warp threads 12 in an insertion direction R (FIG. FIG. 1 ) evenly next to each other. From the holding grid 13, each warp thread 12 extends through a thread eye 14 of a stranded wire 15. The warp threads 12 extend further to a fabric edge 16 on which the already finished woven fabric ends.
  • a take-off device 17 pulls off the already produced fabric and thereby ensures the transport of the warp threads 12 in the withdrawal direction A by the loom 10.
  • the withdrawal device 17 has several in the insertion direction R over the entire fabric width extending take-off rollers 18, the one or more resilient can form contactable pairs of rollers. One or more of the take-off rolls 18 are driven.
  • a strand drive 22 is provided, to which each of the strands 15 is connected.
  • the strand drive 22 can move each of the strands 15 and thus also their thread eye 14 individually and thus independently of one another in a shed forming or shedding direction F.
  • the position of the strands 15 and the thread eyes 14 depends on the set binding. For example, in a plain weave in the weft insertion direction R, adjacent thread eyes 14 are located alternately on one or the other sides of a weft thread path 23 (FIG. FIG. 2 ). In FIG. 2 schematically an open shed 21 is shown with plain weave.
  • the strand drive 22 may be configured, for example, as the drive of a jacquard weaving machine, so that each strand 15 can be moved individually.
  • direct drives such as linear drives can be provided.
  • the strands 15 are connected with the interposition of an elastic means 25 with a common strand holder 26.
  • the strand drive 22 may remove the strands from the strand holder 26 against the force of the elastic means 25. If the strand drive 22 exerts no force on a strand 15, then it is in a rest position in which the thread eye 14 has the smallest distance to the strand holder 26.
  • the elastic means 25 may be formed for example by coil springs.
  • the shed formation can also be formed by at least three heddle shafts.
  • Each weaving sheave then has a strand drive 22, on whose strands 15 are movably arranged.
  • a heddle may be provided for each thread eye height.
  • several strands can be arranged, which are then moved together in the yarn change direction F.
  • FIG. 1 is apparent in the withdrawal direction A of the warp threads 12 seen in extension of the strand arrangement outside the warp sheet 12, a weft insertion device 30 is arranged.
  • the weft insertion direction 30 serves to shoot a weft thread 32 into the open shed 21.
  • the weft insertion device 30 has in the embodiment a bobbin 31 for feeding the weft thread 32 and a cutting device (not shown) for separating the weft thread 32 from the spool 31.
  • the weft thread 32 is injected in the embodiment described here via a main nozzle 33 in the insertion direction R.
  • the main nozzle 33 generates a fluid flow and preferably an air flow in the insertion direction R, which takes the weft thread 32.
  • the weft insertion device 30 could also have projectiles, boats or grippers. To adapt to the two-dimensional weft thread web 23, the gripper would have to be sufficiently elastically deformable.
  • a receiving device 37 is arranged, which serves to receive the registered weft thread 32 and to position.
  • the loom 10 can remove individual warp threads from the weaving process.
  • the loom 10 has one or more warp thread holders 38, which can sever one or more individual warp threads 12 and can hold them in the area of the fabric edge 16 in front of the take-off device 17.
  • the warp thread is first moved out of the shedding area by the strand drive 22 and subsequently separated by the warp thread holder 38 and held in waiting position, as shown schematically by the example of the warp thread 12 a shown in dashed lines FIGS. 4 and 5 is illustrated.
  • the warp thread holder 38 is movable.
  • the loom 10 is pivotally mounted about a first pivot axis 39 and movable radially to the first pivot axis 39.
  • the loom 10 may include a plurality of warp thread holders 38. These can also be arranged movable in the insertion direction R.
  • the loom 10 has a holding device 40 which can accommodate a plurality of warp threads.
  • the holding device 40 comprises means forming a warp thread holding position, so that a plurality of separate warp threads 12a can be provided individually and separately.
  • a warp thread holder 38 it is possible to remove a plurality of warp threads 12a from the warp thread of the warp threads 12 and to feed them to the holding device.
  • the warp thread holder 38 is designed such that it detects a warp thread 12 to be removed from the weaving process, regardless of its arrangement in the warp thread, cuts it off, and can transfer its end to the holding device.
  • the warp thread holder 38 has a bearing which allows it a radial and linear mobility, so that it can detect a warp thread 12 regardless of its positioning in the tissue and supply the holding device.
  • the warp thread detection space of the warp thread holder 38 preferably extends over the entire width of the warp thread.
  • the width of the fabric in the weft direction R can be varied when lateral warp threads 12 are separated at the edge of the fabric to be created by the warp thread holder 38 and transferred to a waiting position. It is also possible to separate non-peripheral warp threads 12 and remove them from the weaving process, for example, if openings or non-linked zones are to be produced in the fabric. It may be necessary to separate out the superfluous weft threads or weft thread sections after weaving from the middle of the fabric.
  • the disused warp thread 12a to be returned to the weaving process it can preferably be fed back via the warp thread holder 38 or via another gripping device, not shown.
  • the warp thread holder 38 is preferably provided between a reed 43 and the fabric edge 16. In this way can be ensured that the warp thread is cut and held only in the area in front of the fabric edge 16 so that the warp thread 12 is still guided by the thread eye 14 of the strand 15 and the reed 43.
  • each lamella 44 has a weft thread recess 47.
  • the weft thread recess 47 is limited, for example, by three sides of the blade 44.
  • the weft recesses 47 are open.
  • the weft recesses 47 have a cuboid shape.
  • the slats are preferably also contoured cuboid.
  • weft thread recesses 47 it is also possible to vary the contour of the weft thread recesses 47 and, for example, seen in cross-section any polygonal or rounded shapes, in particular circular segment shapes to realize.
  • the design of the fins 44 can be modified.
  • the lamellae 44 protrude with their end portion 46 into the open shed 21. These end portions 46 define the weft thread path 23 which the weft thread 32 should travel through the opened shed 21.
  • the weft recesses 47 jointly define the weft thread path 23.
  • the weft thread recesses 47 form, as it were, a weft thread channel through which the weft thread 32 is guided along the weft thread path 23.
  • the fact that the slats 44 are arranged independently displaceable on the bar 45, can be arbitrarily curved Weft threads 23 realize through the shed 21.
  • the weft thread path 23 thus receives a two-dimensional course.
  • the reed 43 is pivotable about a second pivot axis 50 (FIG. FIG. 4 ) stored. After the weft insertion, the reed 43 is pivoted to strike the weft thread 32 about the second pivot axis 50 to the fabric edge 16 out.
  • Fluid nozzles 51 can be arranged between the lamellae 44 on the bar 45.
  • the fluid nozzles 51 generate a fluid flow along the weft thread path 23.
  • the fluid nozzle 51 has a fluid outlet opening 52 at its end 52 which is assigned to the weft thread recess, which ejects the fluid in the direction of the adjacent weft thread recess in the transport direction of the weft thread 32.
  • the fluid ejected through a fluid nozzle 51 is in FIG. 3 schematically illustrated by an arrow 53.
  • the fluid nozzles 51 are arranged displaceably parallel to the lamellae 44 in the extension direction E on the bar 45, so that the fluid outlet openings having ends 52 can be positioned outside the weft path 23.
  • the end 52 is arranged, for example, at a distance of a few millimeters or centimeters adjacent to the weft path 23.
  • the adjusting drive 42 serves to position the fluid nozzles 51.
  • a fluid nozzle 51 is provided in each case between two lamellae 44.
  • the number of fluid nozzles 51 may be smaller.
  • the fluid nozzles 51 generate an airflow.
  • the number of louvers 44 of the reed 43 depends on the number of warp threads 12 used. At least one warp thread 12 is provided between two adjacent louvers 44, whereby other pitches are also possible where two or more warp threads 12 extend between two adjacent louvers 44.
  • the weaving machine 10 operates as follows:
  • the strand drive 22 moves the strands 15 and their thread eyes 14 in the required position to open the shed 21.
  • This is a first group of thread eyes 55 ( FIG. 2 ) in subject change direction F on one side of the weft thread path 23, while a second group 56 of thread eyes 14 is arranged on the other side of the weft thread path 23 viewed in the changing direction F.
  • the spacing of the warp threads 12 of a group 55 or 56 running through the thread eyes 14 from the weft thread path 23 may be equal within a group 55 or 56. This has the consequence that the open shed in the course of the weft thread web 23 has a constant opening width.
  • the distances between the warp threads 12 extending through the thread eyes 14 of one or both groups 55, 56 vary and thus a shed 21 with a variable opening width is formed in the course of the weft thread path 23. How many and which thread eyes 14 belong to the respective group 55 or 56 and what distances these occupy to the weft thread path 23 depends on the desired binding and the manner in which the weft is introduced.
  • the slats 44 are positioned.
  • the weft recesses 47 are arranged within the open shed 21 along the desired weft path 23.
  • the adjustment drive 42 also positions the fluid nozzles 51.
  • the receiving device 37 detects and positions the weft thread 32.
  • the inserted weft thread 32 already describes its desired course for the production of a three-dimensional fabric, which was predetermined by the weft thread path 23, before the stop on the fabric edge 16.
  • the warp threads 12 are positioned. In this state, the weft 32 is struck against the fabric edge 16 by the reed 43 is pivoted about the second pivot axis 50.
  • the reed 43 is again pivoted away from the fabric edge 16.
  • the strand drive 22 initiates the positioning of the thread eyes 14 required for the next weft insertion.
  • the adjustment drive 42 adjusts the louvers 44 according to the required weft path 23, the course of which may be changed from the course of the previous weft path and positions the fluid nozzles 51.
  • the process begins again , As a result, a weft thread web 23 can arise whose course is different from weft insertion to weft insertion.
  • the weft insertion device 30 and / or the receiving device 37 may be arranged to be adjustable in the changing subject direction F. At least one of these two devices 30, 37 can also be displaceably arranged in the insertion direction R if the length of the weft thread 32 is to be reduced because lateral warp threads 12 are taken out of the weaving process via corresponding warp thread holders 38 in order to produce a narrower fabric.
  • the invention relates to a loom 10 and a weaving method for immediate three-dimensional weaving, wherein the weft thread 32 already receives its desired two-dimensional course during weft insertion.
  • the position of the warp threads 12 is adapted to the weft thread web 23.
  • the weft path 23 is defined by lamellae 44, which engage in the shed 21 between the warp threads 12 therethrough.
  • the fins 44 are individually adjustably arranged on a common bar 45, so that the desired weft thread web 23 can be adjusted by positioning the fins 44.
  • the fins 44 and the bar 45 at the same time form the reed 43, which serves to hit the weft thread 32 to the fabric edge 16.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
EP10161488A 2010-04-29 2010-04-29 Webmaschine und Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Weben Not-in-force EP2383377B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10161488A EP2383377B1 (de) 2010-04-29 2010-04-29 Webmaschine und Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Weben
JP2011102392A JP5819097B2 (ja) 2010-04-29 2011-04-28 ３次元製織のための織機およびその製織方法
CN201110108421.2A CN102234864B (zh) 2010-04-29 2011-04-28 用于三维纺织的纺织机和方法
US13/097,652 US8479778B2 (en) 2010-04-29 2011-04-29 Weaving machine and method for three-dimensional weaving

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10161488A EP2383377B1 (de) 2010-04-29 2010-04-29 Webmaschine und Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Weben

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2383377A1 EP2383377A1 (de) 2011-11-02
EP2383377B1 true EP2383377B1 (de) 2012-09-26

Family

ID=42333354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10161488A Not-in-force EP2383377B1 (de) 2010-04-29 2010-04-29 Webmaschine und Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Weben

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8479778B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2383377B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5819097B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102234864B (zh)

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EP2145989A1 (de) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-20 Textilma AG Webmaschine zum Herstellen eines im Querschnitt profilierten Gewebes, insbesondere eines Seiles
EP2251467B1 (en) * 2009-05-13 2013-08-07 SCHÖNHERR Textilmaschinenbau GmbH Method for simultaneously weaving two fabrics, fabric adapted to be woven with such a method and loom usable with such a method

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CN103361886A (zh) * 2012-06-12 2013-10-23 香港理工大学 一种三维负泊松比织物的织造设备及方法

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JP2011231450A (ja) 2011-11-17
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US20110265905A1 (en) 2011-11-03
US8479778B2 (en) 2013-07-09
CN102234864B (zh) 2014-03-05
CN102234864A (zh) 2011-11-09

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