EP2352608B1 - Procédé pour couler une pièce moulée à partir d un métal en fusion - Google Patents

Procédé pour couler une pièce moulée à partir d un métal en fusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2352608B1
EP2352608B1 EP09759721.5A EP09759721A EP2352608B1 EP 2352608 B1 EP2352608 B1 EP 2352608B1 EP 09759721 A EP09759721 A EP 09759721A EP 2352608 B1 EP2352608 B1 EP 2352608B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting mould
casting
metal melt
mold
filling
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EP09759721.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2352608A1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Smetan
Klaus Lellig
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Nemak Dillingen GmbH
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Nemak Dillingen GmbH
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Priority to PL09759721T priority Critical patent/PL2352608T3/pl
Publication of EP2352608A1 publication Critical patent/EP2352608A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/006—Casting by filling the mould through rotation of the mould together with a molten metal holding recipient, about a common axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for casting a casting from a molten metal.
  • the molten metal processed according to the invention is, in particular, a light metal melt, preferably a melt based on aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the properties of a casting are strongly influenced by the course of the solidification of the melt in the casting mold and the make-up required to compensate for the volume shrinkage.
  • a particularly uniform distribution of properties shows when the mold filling with melt is carried out in a continuous process while avoiding large melt flows in the mold and the solidification then evenly distributed, on the opposite side of the feeder of the mold used.
  • High-quality castings of high quality can be produced by so-called "rotational molding".
  • a proven in practice for the production of high quality castings embodiment of this casting method is in the DE 100 19 309 A1 been proposed. Accordingly, a molten metal containing melt container with its upwardly directed Opening docked to a downwardly facing filling opening of a mold. Subsequently, the mold is rotated together with the firmly associated with her melt container by about 180 °. In the course of the rotation, the melt passes from the melt container into the casting mold. When the end position of the rotation is reached, the melt container is removed from the mold. The hot residual melt in the feeder area, which is now located at the top, can then continue to be effective under the action of gravity and can effectively compensate for the volume loss associated with the solidification of the melt.
  • the rotation of the casting mold with the melt container achieves complete filling of the casting mold with molten metal.
  • the melt passes during rotation in that in the course of the mold rotation, the molten metal filled in the casting mold is uniformly exposed to gravity, safely in all areas of the mold cavity of the mold, which images the casting to be cast.
  • the structure of the casting is optimized as a result of the directional solidification caused by the rotational orientation of the casting mold.
  • the object of the invention was to provide a method with which can be produced with high reliability in a particularly economical way high-quality, complex molded parts.
  • a casting mold mounted in a bogie is first provided for casting a casting from a molten metal (step a).
  • This mold comprises a mold cavity forming the casting, a feeder system for feeding the mold cavity with molten metal, and a runner via which the feeder system can be filled with molten metal.
  • the feeder system with respect to the mold cavity of the mold is arranged such that when turned into a filling position mold, the filling of the Mold cavity occurs with the molten metal through the feeder system against the direction of gravity.
  • the mold thus provided Prior to filling, the mold thus provided is directed to a filling position in which molten metal filled in the runner flows through the runner as a result of gravity, the main flow direction of the molten metal forming an angle with the effective direction of gravity (act b).
  • the "main flow direction" of the molten metal means the flow direction in which the melt would have to flow independently of the actual course of the sprue channel, in order to reach the feeder system directly from the filling opening to the mouth of the sprue. It is understood that the orientation of the mold in the present invention predetermined filling position can be made in a separate operation, but that it is also possible to align the mold in the course of their provision already so that it meets the requirements of the procedure of the invention.
  • the aligned in filling position mold is then filled with the molten metal until the mold including the runner is completely filled with molten metal (step c).
  • step d As soon as the casting mold is sufficiently filled, it is tightly closed by a stopper placed in the filling opening of the sprue channel (step d). Then, the mold is rotated to a solidification position in which, due to the action of gravity, the melt present in the feeder system presses on the melt present in the mold cavity (step e). In this position, the mold is held until the present in the mold molten metal has reached a certain solidification state (step f). Subsequently, the casting is removed from the mold (step g).
  • the subsequent closing and keeping closed the mold and the rotation of the mold such that the molten metal contained in the feeder system of the mold presses on the casting forming melt casting errors are avoided.
  • this contributes in particular to the fact that the molten metal contained in the casting mold remains under metallostatic pressure from the end of the filling and during the entire solidification process.
  • the melting column in the runner channel after closure closes off the melt in the mold cavity that forms the casting.
  • the tight closure of the mold allows the mold to be turned immediately after the filling operation has been completed, without that the filling device itself or other complex assemblies would have to be moved with the mold.
  • the molten metal flows due to the correspondingly lower impact on the flow velocity gravitational force significantly slower through the runner, as would be the case, if the main flow direction of the melt and the direction of gravity would match. Accordingly, in the case of the procedure according to the invention, the casting mold is full of molten metal from the beginning of the filling process.
  • a practical embodiment of the invention provides that the rotation performed during the filling operation is ended when the main flow direction of the molten metal flowing through the sprue channel coincides with the effective direction of gravity.
  • a device suitable for carrying out this method for casting castings from a molten metal comprises a holder for holding a casting mold, a rotary drive for rotating the casting mold about an axis of rotation and a filling device for filling molten metal into a filling opening to the mold, wherein in such a device according to the invention a tracking device is provided, which tracks the filling device during the filling of the molten metal caused by a rotational movement of the mold change in position of the filling opening of the mold.
  • a conventional ladle For filling the mold, a conventional ladle can be used, which is brought by means of a suitable tracking device in one of the respective filling position of the filling opening of the mold corresponding position and, if necessary, the associated with a rotation of the mold change in position of the filling opening is tracked.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing engine blocks for internal combustion engines.
  • These and similar complex shaped castings may require certain sections of the mold pretreated thermally so that the melt filled in the mold shows the desired wetting or solidification behavior on contact with the relevant section.
  • a typical example of such mold sections are so-called "cylinder liners” or “cylinder liners” which are cast in a light metal engine block in order to ensure sufficient wear resistance in the region of the cylinder openings of the engine block.
  • These usually made of a steel material liners or bushings have a significantly higher thermal conductivity than the sand from which the casting cores or mold parts of the mold typically exist.
  • the position of the axis of rotation about which the mold is rotated in carrying out the method according to the invention is irrelevant, as long as it is ensured that the rotation results in a positioning of the mold and its sprue, wherein the main direction of flow of the filled into the mold molten metal in The manner of the invention is aligned.
  • a particularly simple and practice-oriented embodiment of a device used for carrying out the method according to the invention results when the axis of rotation of the casting mold is oriented horizontally.
  • a particularly simple design of such Achieve device when the runner of the mold is linear.
  • FIGS. 1 to 10 show in each case schematically ten operating positions of a device 1, shown in a sectional view taken normal to its longitudinal axis, for casting a casting G.
  • the casting G is an engine block for a four-cylinder internal combustion engine.
  • As cast metal an aluminum casting melt is used in the presently described embodiment.
  • the device 1 comprises a circular cross-section shown in the figures, mounted on two rollers 2, 3 and driven in rotation by a drive, not shown, cylindrical casting cell Z, in which a flat mounting base 4 and a parallel and spaced from the mounting base 4 aligned guide plate 5 are attached.
  • a base plate 6 On the guide plate 5 associated top of the mounting base 4 is a base plate 6. This is part of the composite of several moldings and mold cores mold F.
  • the base plate 6 has laterally recordings, in each of which sits a sash 7.8 with a correspondingly shaped paragraph , so that the sash 7,8 sit positively on the base plate 6.
  • only the front slides which are typically present in the casting mold G are shown here only the slides 7, 8 which are assigned to the circumference of the casting cell Z and are arranged on the opposite sides of the base plate 6.
  • a parallel to the mounting base 4 facing underside of the guide plate 5 extending pressure plate 9 is mounted so that it can be adjusted in the direction of the mounting base 4 to hold after completion of the assembly work, the mold F, and of the mounting base 4th can be moved away to dismantle the mold F and to demold the finished casting G after completion of the casting process.
  • a feeder core S is laid, which comprises a feeder system with a circumferential large-volume feeder channel 10, which extends above the sash 7, 8 when the feeder core S is fully assembled.
  • the feeder core S delimits an opening 11, via which the cylinder openings B are each enclosed by the cylinder openings.
  • the feeder channel 10 is connected via various gates 12 with the mold cavity H of the mold F.
  • the pressure plate 9 is lowered onto the mold F thus provided to secure the mounting position of the form-fitting interlocking parts and cores of the mold F.
  • the casting cell Z is rotated with the mold F held in it by 180 ° about a coincident with the longitudinal axis of the mold F, horizontally oriented axis of rotation X until the base plate 5 in the direction of action WK gravity seen above and the feeder core S is below. Accordingly, the filling opening 14 of the sprue 13 is located on the now upper side of the mounting base 4th
  • a heating finger of a heating device 16 is driven in each case for inductive heating in the cylinder liners B, in order to heat them to a prescribed temperature ( Figures 3,4 ).
  • the casting cell Z is again rotated counterclockwise about an angle of approximately 45 ° about the axis of rotation X. Accordingly, in this "filling position", the rectilinear sprue 14 is also inclined at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the direction of action WK.
  • the filling of the inclined mold F with the molten metal M is continued until the junction 15 of the sprue 13 is below the level of the molten metal M collecting in the feeder channel 10 ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the casting cell Z is slowly rotated in the clockwise direction until the runner 13 has from its filling opening 14 to the junction 15 in the feeder channel 10 vertically downwards.
  • the filling of the mold F with molten metal M is continuously continued during the rotation.
  • the casting device 17 is tracked by means of a tracking device T, which can be, for example, an actuator or a crane, to which the casting device respectively hangs, which accompanies the rotation of the casting cell Z associated change in position of the filling opening 14.
  • a tracking device T can be, for example, an actuator or a crane, to which the casting device respectively hangs, which accompanies the rotation of the casting cell Z associated change in position of the filling opening 14.
  • the main flow direction SR of the melt M coincides with the effective direction WK of gravity, so that the Filling the remaining portions of the mold cavity of the mold F under optimal utilization of gravity expires ( FIGS. 7,8 ).
  • a plug 18 is placed in the filling opening 14, so that it is sealed ( Fig. 8 ).
  • the casting cell Z is again rotated until the initial state ( Fig. 2 ) is reached, in which the feeder core S in the direction of action WK the direction of gravity seen above and the base plate 5 are arranged below.
  • the plug 18 keeps the mold F still closed, so that leakage of melt M from the mold F is reliably prevented.
  • the casting mold F is thus constructed such that the feeder S of the mold F to be cast is disposed at least to a large extent below the mold cavity H of the casting mold F, so that the mold cavity H of the casting mold F initially filled against gravity becomes.
  • the entire casting mold F is already tilted during the filling process to the gate in order to reduce the speed of the molten metal M in the first filling and to achieve a uniform filling of the sprue 13 and the feeder S.
  • To fill serves as a ladle trained Casting device 17, which, as shown, during the casting process with the rotation of the mold F can be carried.
  • the molten metal M present in the feeder S causes the metallostatic pressure of the molten metal M in the mold cavity to be maintained. Casting defects, such as bubbles and cold runs, are thus excluded.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour couler une pièce moulée (G) à partir d'un métal en fusion (M), qui comprend les étapes suivantes :
    a) Mise à disposition d'un moule (F), qui, monté sur un bâti rotatif, est doté d'une cavité (H) qui porte l'empreinte de la pièce moulée (G), d'un système d'alimentation (10) pour alimenter en métal en fusion (M) la cavité (H), ainsi que d'un canal de coulée (13), par l'intermédiaire duquel le système d'alimentation (10) peut être rempli de métal en fusion, sachant que le système d'alimentation (10), par rapport à la cavité (H), est disposé de sorte que, quand le moule (F) est tourné dans une position de remplissage, le remplissage de la cavité (H) avec le métal en fusion (M) est effectué, par l'intermédiaire du système d'alimentation (10), à l'inverse de la direction d'action de la pesanteur, et sachant que l'ouverture de remplissage (14) du canal de coulée (13), prévue pour l'alimentation en métal en fusion (M), est disposée, sur une face latérale du moule (F), en étant éloignée de son débouché (15) dans le système d'alimentation (10), de sorte que ladite ouverture de remplissage (14) du canal de coulée (13) soit située au-dessus de son débouché (15) dans le système d'alimentation (10), dans chaque position de remplissage;
    b) Orientation du moule (F) dans une position de remplissage, dans laquelle le métal en fusion (M), remplissant le canal de coulée (13), s'écoule à travers ledit canal de coulée (13) sous l'effet de la pesanteur, sachant que la principale direction d'écoulement (SR) du métal en fusion (M), donc la direction d'écoulement (SR), dans laquelle le métal en fusion (M) doit couler indépendamment de chaque tracé réel du canal de coulée (13), pour parvenir, par vois directe, de l'ouverture de remplissage (14) au débouché (15) du canal de coulée (13) dans le système d'alimentation (10), forme un angle avec la direction d'action (WK) de la pesanteur;
    c) Remplissage du moule (F), orientée dans la position de remplissage, avec le métal en fusion (M), jusqu'à ce que le moule (F), y compris le canal de coulée (13), soit complètement rempli de métal en fusion (M);
    d) Fermeture du moule (F) au moyen d'un bouchon (18), mis dans l'ouverture de remplissage (14) du canal de coulée (13);
    e) Pivotement du moule (F) fermé dans une position de solidification, dans laquelle, en raison de l'effet de la pesanteur, le métal en fusion (M), présent dans le système d'alimentation (10), exerce une pression sur le métal en fusion (M) présent dans la cavité (H);
    f) Maintien du f dans la position de solidification jusqu'à ce que le m présent dans le moule (F) ait atteint un état de solidification déterminé.
    g) Démoulage de la pièce moulée (G).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moule (F), après que le métal en fusion (M) ait atteint un niveau de remplissage déterminé, est tourné, lors de la poursuite de son remplissage, de sorte que la principale direction d'écoulement (SR) du métal en fusion (M), coulant à travers le canal de coulée (13), se rapproche progressivement de la direction d'action de la pesanteur.
  3. Procédé selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la rotation, effectuée pendant le processus de remplissage, est terminée quand la principale direction d'écoulement du métal en fusion (M), coulant à travers le canal de coulée (13), concorde avec la direction d'action de la pesanteur.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la rotation du moule (F) commence au plus tôt quand le débouché (15) du canal de coulée (13) dans le système d'alimentation (10) se trouve au-dessous du niveau du métal en fusion (M), qui remplit le moule (F).
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moule (F) est alimenté en métal en fusion (M) au moyen d'une cuillère de coulée (17).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5 et l'une des revendications 2 à 4 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la cuillère de coulée (17) est asservie à la rotation du moule (F).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que au moins une section du moule (F) est traitée thermiquement avant d'être remplie avec le métal en fusion (M).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce moulée (G) est un bloc moteur pour un moteur à combustion interne.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation (X) du moule (F) est orienté horizontalement.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal de coulée (13) du moule (F) s'étend linéairement.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de remplissage (14) du canal de coulée (13) est associée à la face inférieure du moule (F).
EP09759721.5A 2008-11-24 2009-11-23 Procédé pour couler une pièce moulée à partir d un métal en fusion Active EP2352608B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09759721T PL2352608T3 (pl) 2008-11-24 2009-11-23 Sposób odlewania odlewu ze stopionego metalu

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008058742 2008-11-24
PCT/EP2009/065627 WO2010058003A1 (fr) 2008-11-24 2009-11-23 Procédé et dispositif pour couler une pièce moulée à partir d’un métal en fusion

Publications (2)

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EP2352608A1 EP2352608A1 (fr) 2011-08-10
EP2352608B1 true EP2352608B1 (fr) 2013-09-11

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US (1) US8302659B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2352608B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5481488B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101247361B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102223969B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0921178B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2742889C (fr)
ES (1) ES2436315T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX340704B (fr)
PL (1) PL2352608T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2480309C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA101526C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010058003A1 (fr)

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WO2018134672A1 (fr) 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 Nemak, S.A.B. De C.V. Moule de coulée pour couler des pièces coulées façonnées complexes et utilisation d'un tel moule de coulée
RU2717755C1 (ru) * 2017-01-17 2020-03-25 Немак, С.А.Б. Де К.В. Литейная форма для литья сложных фасонных отливок и применение указанной литейной формы
US11014144B2 (en) 2017-01-17 2021-05-25 Nemak, S.A.B. De C.V. Casting mould for casting complex-shaped castings and use of such a casting mould
RU215897U1 (ru) * 2022-06-23 2023-01-09 Публичное акционерное общество "КАМАЗ" Литниково-питающая система модельного блока для изготовления отливок при литье по выплавляемым моделям

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CA2742889C (fr) 2013-10-22
BRPI0921178A2 (pt) 2018-10-16
CN102223969A (zh) 2011-10-19
UA101526C2 (ru) 2013-04-10
BRPI0921178B1 (pt) 2019-06-18
EP2352608A1 (fr) 2011-08-10
PL2352608T3 (pl) 2014-03-31
CA2742889A1 (fr) 2010-05-27
CN102223969B (zh) 2013-09-18
RU2480309C2 (ru) 2013-04-27
WO2010058003A1 (fr) 2010-05-27
US8302659B2 (en) 2012-11-06
KR20110099114A (ko) 2011-09-06
MX340704B (es) 2016-07-22
JP2012509767A (ja) 2012-04-26
US20120012272A1 (en) 2012-01-19
MX2011005066A (es) 2011-06-20
JP5481488B2 (ja) 2014-04-23
KR101247361B1 (ko) 2013-03-26
RU2011125939A (ru) 2012-12-27
ES2436315T3 (es) 2013-12-30

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