EP2315975B1 - Paroi réfractaire, en particulier pour un four à combustion - Google Patents

Paroi réfractaire, en particulier pour un four à combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2315975B1
EP2315975B1 EP09809162.2A EP09809162A EP2315975B1 EP 2315975 B1 EP2315975 B1 EP 2315975B1 EP 09809162 A EP09809162 A EP 09809162A EP 2315975 B1 EP2315975 B1 EP 2315975B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
refractory
boiler
wall according
intermediate space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09809162.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2315975A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Kern
Hans Petschauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mokesys AG
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Mokesys AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2315975A1 publication Critical patent/EP2315975A1/fr
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Publication of EP2315975B1 publication Critical patent/EP2315975B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/107—Protection of water tubes
    • F22B37/108—Protection of water tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05005—Sealing means between wall tiles or panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refractory wall with a boiler wall and a superior in distance from the boiler wall refractory and fire-proof protective cover according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such refractory walls are e.g. used in combustion chambers of combustion plants.
  • the boiler wall is often designed as a metal pipe wall and is usually made of webs connected by pipes.
  • the fire-resistant and fire-resistant protective cover which is suspended at a distance from the pipe wall, is intended to protect the pipe wall from corrosion by flue gases.
  • Refractory walls are e.g. also used in fluidized bed ovens, where the boiler wall consists of a more or less thick simple metal wall. Again, the boiler wall or metal wall to be protected from corrosion.
  • the boiler walls and protective coverings are often exposed to temperatures of over 1000 ° C in today's incinerators and experience even with a suitable choice of material due to the large temperature differences of the individual operating conditions strains and contractions.
  • the differences in temperature are generally greater for the protective linings than for the boiler walls themselves, which must be taken into account in the choice of material and / or design of the protective linings, so that the protective linings are not destroyed by greater strains and contractions than the boiler walls.
  • the protective panels or the plates thereof are therefore usually not rigidly attached to the boiler walls but with play, so that compensating movements parallel to the boiler walls are possible to a limited extent.
  • the choice of a suitable material for the protective covering makes it possible for the protective covering to be matched to the boiler wall for every operating condition.
  • protective linings made of ceramic materials, in particular SiC have proven successful, although the SiC content can be very different.
  • SiC masses or SiC plates with a SiC content of 30% -90% are used.
  • the panels of the protective cover are usually mutually sealed by various measures to some extent to prevent the passage of flue gases. However, in practice this alone can not completely avoid that corrosive flue gases can pass through the protective cover and attack the boiler wall.
  • a refractory wall of the generic type is known in which the plates of the protective cover have a tongue / groove structure or complementary stepped edges, so that even with thermally induced mutual displacements of the plates a certain tightness is maintained and at least a straight-line flow of flue gas is prevented.
  • the mutual sealing of the individual plates is further increased by ceramic fiber strips, which are arranged between the individual plates in the region of the tongue and groove structures or the complementary stepped edges.
  • the space between the pipe wall and the protective covering is encapsulated with a SiC flow concrete, which causes an additional seal between the plates and the pipe wall.
  • a refractory wall having a tube wall and a spaced superior protective cover from a plurality of refractory plates, wherein the (non-cast) space between the tube wall and the protective cover is formed as at least one closed pressure chamber, wherein the or each pressure chamber with a pressurized inert gas is applied.
  • the excess pressure of the protective gas is so high that no flue gas can penetrate through the protective lining from the combustion furnace.
  • the heat transfer between the protective lining becomes due to the insulating effect of the protective gas and obstructs the pipe wall, so that depending on the application, not enough heat can be dissipated.
  • GB430021 describes a refractory wall according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has the object to improve a refractory wall of the generic type to the effect that on the one hand sufficient heat transfer between the protective panel and the boiler wall is guaranteed and that this heat transfer on the other hand can be selectively influenced quantitatively and locally.
  • This object is achieved by the inventive refractory wall, as defined in independent claim 1.
  • Particularly advantageous developments and refinements of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
  • the essence of the invention consists in the following:
  • a refractory wall, in particular for a combustion furnace, comprises a boiler wall and a refractory and fire-proof protective lining which is provided at a distance from the latter and protects the boiler wall against corrosion by flue gases.
  • the protective cover comprises a plurality of juxtaposed and stacked refractory plates, which are fastened via at least one plate holder on the boiler wall.
  • the refractory wall has means for supplying gas, in particular air, into the intermediate space.
  • a particulate filler which has a porosity of 15-70% and which is coated with an activatable ceramic or mineral binder which exhibits its bonding effect when an activation temperature is exceeded.
  • the refractory wall also has means for removing the gas from the space.
  • the particulate filling material between the boiler wall and the protective lining significantly improves the heat transfer from the protective lining to the boiler wall.
  • the particulate filling material is arranged in zones of the wall or its interspace.
  • individual zones may contain different particulate filler or may not be backfilled at all. Due to the zonal division and arrangement of the particulate filling material and by appropriate Choice of material, the heat transfer within the wall can be specifically controlled and thus optimally adapted to the operational requirements.
  • particulate filler having a porosity of 15-70% is used.
  • the refractory wall according to the invention can advantageously be additionally developed as a ventilated system.
  • first embodiment of the refractory wall comprises as a boiler wall a pipe wall 1 ( Figures 2-5 ) and a distance in front superior protective cover 2, wherein between the pipe wall 1 and the protective cover 2, a gap 3 is formed.
  • the pipe wall 1 consists of a plurality of vertical use in practice pipes 11, which are held together by webs 12 at a mutual distance.
  • the tubes 11 and the webs 12 are made usually made of steel.
  • the protective cover 2 comprises a plurality of juxtaposed and superimposed refractory plates 21, which interlock, for example, by complementary shaping of their edges and in this way are mutually sealed to a certain extent.
  • the joints between the plates 21 are denoted by 23.
  • the plates are, for example, ceramic SiC plates, preferably SiC 90 plates having an SiC content of about 90% in the production, which are fire resistant up to over 1000 ° C.
  • Each plate 21 is fastened to the tube wall 1 by, for example, four plate holders 22.
  • the plate mounts are made of heat-resistant steel, eg steel no. 310 to AISI standard or material no. 1.4845 to DIN 17440.
  • the plate mounts 22 essentially comprise in each case one bolt 22a welded to a web 12 and two nuts 22b and 22c seated on the bolt ( Figures 3-5).
  • the plate brackets 22 engage in vertical, inwardly widened slots 21a of the plates 21 and set the distance of the plates 21 to the tube wall.
  • the plates 21 are movable to some extent, so as to allow thermally induced expansion or contraction movements.
  • the plates 21 have, on their side facing the tube wall, the tubes 11 adapted cylindrical grooves, so that the clear width (gap width) of the gap 3 between the tube wall 1 and protective cover 2 over the entire wall is substantially approximately constant.
  • Practical gap widths are 5-20 mm, preferably 5-10 mm.
  • a first essential difference from the prior art is that the intermediate space 3 between the boiler wall, here the pipe wall 1, and the protective covering 2 is completely or partially filled with a particulate filling material (granulate) P.
  • the particulate filler material P consists of ceramic or metallic materials, for example SiC, has a particle size of about 1-10 mm, preferably 3-7 mm, and according to the invention a porosity of about 15-70%.
  • the requirements for heat dissipation can vary locally.
  • the heat transfer from the protective lining to the pipe wall can be optimally adapted locally to the operating requirements of the incinerator both quantitatively and zone by zone.
  • two such zones Z1 and Z2 are indicated purely by way of example.
  • the zone classification depends on the operating requirements and can of course also be realized in the vertical direction.
  • the spatial distribution of the gap 3 in individual zones can be done for example by separating plates 3a, as shown in the FIGS. 3 and 4 is indicated schematically.
  • the particulate filler material P is coated with a thin layer of a mineral or ceramic binder, as shown in FIG Fig. 9 is shown greatly enlarged.
  • the actual filling material forms the core Pk, the surrounding, for example, about 100 ⁇ thick coating or coating with the binder is denoted by Pb.
  • a binder a material is used, which is activated only at high temperatures, for example above 100 ° C, ie unfolds its binding effect. As long as the particulate filler P is exposed to lower temperatures, the binder is not active and the particulate filler remains free-flowing. However, if, for example, the breakage of a plate 21 locally exceeds the activation temperature, the binder unfolds its adhesive or binding action and bakes the particulate filler together locally. This prevents trickling out of the breakage of the protective cover.
  • the refractory wall is additionally designed as a ventilated system.
  • the gas can also flow through the filling material.
  • the gas (or the air) in the space is in operation under a pressure of about 2-50 mbar and has over the combustion chamber of the combustion furnace to about 2-10 mbar higher pressure. This prevents corrosive flue gases from leaking through the protective covering from the combustion chamber into the intermediate space 3 and can attack the pipe wall 1.
  • inlet nozzles 31 and outlet openings 32 are provided in the wall, the inlet nozzles 31 communicating with and communicating with one or more air supply channels or channels 33. these are fed ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the gas or air supply takes place from the side of the boiler wall, wherein the inlet nozzles 31 pass through the boiler wall, in this case the pipe wall 1, in the region of its webs 12 ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the outlet openings 32 pass through the protective cover 2, whereby the gas flowing through the gap 3 is discharged into the furnace chamber.
  • the inlet nozzles 31 are protected or arranged. By this is meant that it is ensured that the particulate filling material P can not get into the inlet nozzles and clog them. This can e.g. be achieved by a downward inclination of the inlet nozzles. Likewise, preferably, the outlet openings 32 should be protected so that the particulate filler P can not be blown through them.
  • the outlet openings 32 are preferably arranged in the region of the upper edge of the refractory wall, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 1 and 6 is indicated schematically.
  • the inlet nozzles 31 can be arranged at the foot of the wall, ie near its lower edge, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 1 and 7 is shown. Preferably, however, the inlet nozzles 31 are distributed over the entire wall surface or individual areas thereof.
  • the plates 21 of the protective cover 2 are mutually sealed in a double manner.
  • the z-shaped plate joints 23 of the protective covering 2 are sealed by inserted ceramic sealing strips 23a of refractory material and by an additional putty mass 23b.
  • the felt strips 23a provide some flexibility but do not provide an absolute seal. The latter is achieved by the additional putty seal 23b.
  • the boiler wall of the refractory wall according to the invention does not have to be designed as a tube wall, but can also be, for example, a normal metal wall.
  • the Fig. 8 schematically shows a second embodiment in which the boiler wall is formed as such a flat metal wall 1a. Also in this embodiment causes the possibly zonal backing with particulate filler P the mentioned advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Paroi réfractaire, en particulier pour un four de combustion, comportant une paroi de chaudière (1 ; 1a) et un habillage de protection (2) réfractaire et étanche au feu, disposé en avant et à distance de celle-ci et destiné à protéger la paroi de chaudière contre la corrosion par les fumées, l'habillage de protection (2) comprenant une multitude de plaques réfractaires (21) agencées les unes à côté et au-dessus des autres, qui sont chacune fixées à la paroi de chaudière (1) par au moins une monture de plaque respective (22), dans laquelle un espace intermédiaire (3) se présente entre la paroi de chaudière (1) et l'habillage de protection (2), et un matériau de remplissage particulaire (P) est agencé au moins dans une zone partielle de l'espace intermédiaire (3), caractérisée en ce que le matériau de remplissage particulaire présente une porosité de 15 à 70 % et est revêtu d'un liant céramique ou minéral (Pb) activable qui développe son effet de collage ou de liaison lorsqu'une température d'activation est dépassée, et en ce que la paroi réfractaire comprend des moyens (31) d'alimentation de gaz, en particulier d'air, dans l'espace intermédiaire (3), et en supplément des moyens (32) d'évacuation de gaz hors de l'espace intermédiaire (3).
  2. Paroi selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'espace intermédiaire (3) est subdivisé en zones (Z1, Z2) sur la surface de la paroi, et en ce que le matériau de remplissage particulaire (P) est agencé dans au moins une zone (Z1).
  3. Paroi selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu au moins deux zones (Z1, Z2) ayant différents matériaux de remplissage particulaires (P).
  4. Paroi selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau de remplissage particulaire (P) présente une granulométrie de 1 à 10 mm, de préférence de 3 à 7 mm.
  5. Paroi selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau de remplissage particulaire (P) est constitué de matériaux céramiques ou métalliques, en particulier de SiC.
  6. Paroi selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la largeur d'intervalle de l'espace intermédiaire (3) est de 5 à 20 mm, de préférence de 5 à 10 mm.
  7. Paroi selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu des joints (23) entre les plaques réfractaires (23), qui sont étanchés par des rubans d'étanchéité céramiques interposés (23a) en matière réfractaire et par un mastic supplémentaire (23b).
  8. Paroi selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'alimentation de gaz comprennent des buses d'entrée (31) protégées traversant la paroi de chaudière (1 ; la), qui sont réalisées et/ou agencées de manière à ne pas pouvoir être bouchées par le matériau de remplissage particulaire (P).
  9. Paroi selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les buses d'entrée (31) sont agencées en étant réparties dans la zone inférieure de la paroi ou sur la surface de la paroi.
  10. Paroi selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'évacuation de gaz présentent des ouvertures de sortie (32) traversant l'habillage de protection (2), qui sont disposées dans la zone la plus haute de la paroi.
  11. Paroi selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la paroi de chaudière est une paroi de tubes (1) constituée par des tubes (11) reliés par des barrettes (12).
EP09809162.2A 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Paroi réfractaire, en particulier pour un four à combustion Active EP2315975B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01361/08A CH699405B1 (de) 2008-08-26 2008-08-26 Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
PCT/CH2009/000276 WO2010022522A1 (fr) 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Paroi réfractaire, en particulier pour un four à combustion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2315975A1 EP2315975A1 (fr) 2011-05-04
EP2315975B1 true EP2315975B1 (fr) 2019-07-24

Family

ID=40419144

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09809162.2A Active EP2315975B1 (fr) 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Paroi réfractaire, en particulier pour un four à combustion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110139049A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2315975B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5734851B2 (fr)
CH (1) CH699405B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010022522A1 (fr)

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DE102013000424A1 (de) 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz von Wärmetauscherrohren sowie Keramikbauteil
RU2555697C2 (ru) * 2013-10-15 2015-07-10 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Медногорский Медно-Серный Комбинат" Футеровка стенки металлургической печи
NL1041195B1 (nl) * 2014-06-06 2016-04-01 Hkh Dev B V Vuurvaste bekleding voor een pijpenwand van een verbrandingsoven.
NL2021445B1 (en) * 2018-08-09 2020-02-20 Awect Bv High pressure heating installation comprising an advanced panel design and cladding thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4460335A (en) * 1982-05-14 1984-07-17 Didier-Werke Ag System for preventing excess pressure in a gap between a double-shell structure of a blast heating apparatus
US6284688B1 (en) * 1992-12-22 2001-09-04 Foseco International Limited Refractory compositions
EP0922784A1 (fr) * 1997-02-21 1999-06-16 Tocalo Co. Ltd. Tube chauffant pour chaudieres et son procede de production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2012500956A (ja) 2012-01-12
EP2315975A1 (fr) 2011-05-04
WO2010022522A1 (fr) 2010-03-04
JP5734851B2 (ja) 2015-06-17
CH699405A1 (de) 2010-02-26
CH699405B1 (de) 2021-06-15
US20110139049A1 (en) 2011-06-16

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