Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
  • D06P5/02—After-treatment
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
  • D06P3/52—Polyesters
  • D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/79—Polyolefins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/79—Polyolefins
  • D06P3/794—Polyolefins using dispersed dyes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
  • D06P5/02—After-treatment
  • D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
  • D06P5/08—After-treatment with organic compounds macromolecular

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the aftertreatment of dyed and / or printed textiles for removing excess amounts of colorants, in which an aqueous formulation is used which comprises at least one graft copolymer having a hydrophilic main chain and also surfactants.
• Polyester fibers are widely used raw materials for the production of textile materials. Textiles made of polyester fibers can be colored by means of various dyeing processes from aqueous baths and / or printed by means of suitable textile printing inks. For example, polyesters can be dyed in an exhaust process at 120 ° -130 ° C. with disperse dyestuffs.
• the remaining on the surface excess dye can be removed, for example, by a reductive Nachmaschinesche with hydrosulfite and NaOH at 60-70 ° C. Thereafter, the fabric is usually rinsed, depending on the color depth 1 to 3 times. In the last rinse, the pH of the textile material is preferably adjusted to 4-7 with acetic acid.
• a third known method is the use of surfactants for after-washing.
• Surfactants alone generally do not have a sufficient effect.
• Polypropylene is a highly suitable polymer for the production of textile materials, but textiles made from polypropylene fibers are difficult to dye from aqueous baths due to the nonpolar nature of polypropylene. It is therefore known to improve the subsequent dyeability of polypropylene from aqueous dyebaths by adding suitable auxiliaries.
• a disperse dye-dyeable fiber comprising a blend of a polyolefin and an amorphous, glycol-modified PET (PET-G).
• PET-G amorphous, glycol-modified PET
• maleic anhydride is preferably used.
• WO 2006/128796 discloses a process for coloring polyolefins using polyolefins blended with a block copolymer of at least one nonpolar block consisting essentially of isobutene units and at least one polar block consisting essentially of oxyalkylene units.
• polyesters and / or polyamides can also be incorporated as auxiliaries.
• the object of the invention was therefore to provide a gentle process for after-washing, which avoids discoloration of the textiles.
• the textile materials comprise polyester and / or polypropylene fibers and in which the said materials are treated with an aqueous formulation of at least one anionic and / or nonionic surfactant (A). at a temperature of 20 to 100 ° C, and wherein the aqueous solution further contains at least one graft copolymer (B) comprising a straight-chain or branched, hydrophilic backbone comprising N and / or O atoms and side chains grafted thereon
• A anionic and / or nonionic surfactant
• B graft copolymer
• “Textile materials” may in principle be all types of textile materials, such as fibers for textile use, for example filaments or staple fibers, as well as semi-finished products or intermediates such as yarns, fabrics, knits, knitted fabrics, nonwovens or nonwovens. It may also be finished products, such as clothing or home textiles.
• the textile materials include polyester and / or polypropylene fibers. They may consist solely of polyester fibers and / or polypropylene fibers, but of course may also be used in combination with other materials such as polyamide fibers or natural fibers. A combination can be made at different stages of production. For example, it is already possible to produce filaments of a plurality of polymers with a defined geometric arrangement at the melt-spinning stage. In yarn production, fibers of other polymers may be incorporated, or fiber blends may be made from staple fibers. Furthermore, various yarns may be processed together and, finally, fabrics, knits or the like comprising polyester and / or polypropylene fibers may be joined together with chemically dissimilar fabrics.
• Suitable polypropylene grades for the production of fibers are known in principle to the person skilled in the art. They are relatively high molecular weight, viscous products, which are characterized in the usual way by their melt flow index (determined according to ISO 1133). According to the invention, at least one polypropylene having a melt flow index MFR (230 ° C., 2.16 kg) of 0.1 to 60 g / 10 min is used.
• polypropylene homopolymers may also be polypropylene copolymers which comprise, in addition to the propylene, small amounts of other comonomers.
• Suitable comonomers may in particular be other olefins such as, for example, ethylene and 1-butene, 2-butene, isobutene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, styrene or ⁇ -methylstyrene, dienes and / or polyenes.
• the proportion of comonomers in the polypropylene is generally not more than 20% by weight, preferably not more than 10% by weight.
• polypropylene having a melt flow index MFR (230 ° C., 2.16 kg) of 1 to 50 g / 10 min, more preferably 10 to 45 g / 10 min and, for example, 30 to 40 g / 10 min.
• the amount of the polypropylene is 80 to 99 wt.%, Based on the sum of all components of the undyed fiber, preferably 85 to 99 wt.%, Particularly preferably 90 to 98 wt.% And for example 93 to 97 wt.%.
• the polypropylene fiber for improving the dyeability comprises 1 to 20% by weight of at least one polyester.
• This may be conventional PET with a melting point of 255 to 265 ° C. It is particularly advantageous to use modified PET which has additional soft segments and accordingly has a lower degree of crystallization or melting point.
• polyesters can be used which have a melting point of 50 to 200 ° C.
• Lower melting point polyesters can be obtained by substituting a portion of the terephthalic acid units in the PET for aliphatic dicarboxylic acid units, especially adipic acid units, to synthesize the polyesters.
• the ethylene glycol units can also be replaced by longer-chain diols, in particular C 3 to C 6 alkanediols, for example 1,4-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol.
• Polyesters preferred for carrying out the invention have at least two different dicarboxylic acid units (X). They comprise at least 5 to 80 mol% of terephthalic acid units (X1) and 20 to 95 mol% of units of aliphatic 1, ⁇ -dicarboxylic acids (X2) having 4 to 10 carbon atoms. The total amount of (X1) and (X2) is at least 80 mol%, the% figures being based on the total amount of all dicarboxylic acid units in the polyester.
• the aliphatic 1, ⁇ -dicarboxylic acid units (X2) may, for example, be succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid or sebacic acid. It is preferably adipic acid.
• dicarboxylic acid units (X1) and (X2) various dicarboxylic acid units may still be present therefrom.
• dicarboxylic acid units X1 and (X2)
• various dicarboxylic acid units may still be present therefrom.
• Dicarboxylic acid units and / or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid units are other aromatic ones Dicarboxylic acid units and / or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid units.
• mixtures of different dicarboxylic acid units can be used.
• the amount of terephthalic acid units (X1) is 20 to 70 mol% and the amount of (X2) is 30 to 80 mol%.
• the sum of (X1) and (X2) is at least 90 mol%, more preferably at least 98 mol%, and most preferably 100 mol%.
• the diol units (Y) are selected from the group of aliphatic, cycloliphatic and / or polyether diols, wherein 50 to 100 mol% of aliphatic 1, ⁇ -diols (Y1) are present, and the percentages are based on the total amount of all diols.
• the aliphatic diols having 4 to 10 carbon atoms (Y1) may be, for example, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol.
• (Y1) is 1,4-butanediol.
• polyether diols examples include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol.
• cycloaliphatic diols examples include cyclopentane or cyclohexanediols. Of course, aliphatic diols which do not correspond to the definition (Y1) can also be used. Examples include in particular ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.
• the polyesters may of course also include other components for fine control of the properties.
• Examples include building blocks which have additional functional groups. Particular mention should be made here of amino groups. Also to be mentioned are building blocks for chain extension.
• Preferred polyesters of the type mentioned have a melting point of 50 to 200 ° C.
• the melting point is 60 to 180 ° C, more preferably 80 to 160 ° C, most preferably 100 to 150 ° C and for example 110-130 ° C.
• the glass transition temperature is preferably 20-35 ° C., preferably 25-30 ° C., without the invention being restricted thereto.
• the number average molecular weight M n should generally be 5000 to 50 000 g / mol, preferably 10000 to 30 000 g / mol. Have proven particularly useful 20,000 to 25,000 g / mol.
• the ratio M w / M n is preferably 3 to 6, for example 4 to 5. It is furthermore advantageous for the polyester to have a melt flow rate MFR of 2 to 6 g / 10 min (ISO 1133, 190 ° C., 2.16 kg).
• a preferred bulk density is from 1.2 to 1.35 g / cm 3, more preferably 1.22 -1.30 g / cm 3.
• the preferred Vicat softening temperature is 75 to 85 ° C, more preferably 78-82 ° C (VST A / 50, ISO 306).
• polyesters can be used as an additive.
• the amount of the polyesters is preferably from 1 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 2 to 10% by weight and, for example, from 3 to 7% by weight.
• the polypropylene preferably used as an additive in addition 0.1 to 10 wt.% Of at least one block copolymer having at least one nonpolar block having a number average molecular weight M n of at least 200 g / mol and a polar block with a number average molar Mass M n of at least 500 g / mol comprises included.
• the amount of block copolymer is preferably from 0.2 to 6% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 4% by weight, and for example from 0.75 to 3% by weight.
• non-polar block which is composed essentially of isobutene units
• a polar block which is composed essentially of oxyalkylene units, and whose average molar mass M n is at least 1000 g / mol.
• the oxyalkylene units are preferably ethylene oxide units.
• the block copolymers are preferably triblock copolymers having a middle block of oxyalkylene units and two terminal blocks of isobutene, the blocks being linked together via suitable linking units.
• the polar blocks each have an average molar mass M n of 1000 to 20,000 g / mol.
• M n is preferably from 1250 to 18000 g / mol, more preferably from 1500 to 15000 g / mol, and most preferably from 2500 to 8000 g / mol.
• the non-polar blocks generally each have an average molar mass M n of 200 to 10,000 g / mol.
• M n is preferably from 300 to 8000 g / mol, particularly preferably from 400 to 6000 g / mol and very particularly preferably from 500 to 5000 g / mol.
• the block copolymers may be diblock, triblock or multiblock copolymers. Preference is given to diblock and triblock copolymers, in particular triblock copolymers which have a central polar block and two terminal nonpolar blocks. It may also be mixtures of diblock and triblock copolymers.
• the abovementioned block copolymers interact synergistically with the polyester and bring about particularly good dyeability. Preference is therefore given to an additive system comprising at least one polyester and at least one block copolymer of the type mentioned. But it is also possible to use only a polyester or only said block copolymer as an additive.
• the dyeing and / or printing of the textile materials can be carried out by methods known in principle to those skilled in the art.
• disperse dyes may preferably be used.
• the term "disperse dye” is known to the person skilled in the art. Disperse dyes are dyes with a low water solubility, which are used in disperse, colloidal form for dyeing, in particular for dyeing fibers and textile materials. Details of the dyeing and / or printing of textile materials are, for example, in WO 2006/128796 Page 15 to page 20 describe.
• an aqueous formulation of at least one anionic and / or nonionic surfactant (A) and at least one graft copolymer (B) is used.
• formulations for treating textiles are often referred to as "liquor”.
• the aqueous formulation used essentially comprises water as solvent.
• optional water-miscible solvents may be present, for example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol or propanol.
• the solvent comprises at least 80% by weight of water with respect to the sum of all solvents of the aqueous formulation, preferably at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 95% by weight, and very particularly preferably only water is used as solvent.
• the formulation furthermore contains at least one anionic and / or nonionic surfactant (A). At least one nonionic surfactant is preferred used. Of course, mixtures of several different surfactants can be used.
• nonionic surfactants include surfactants (A1) of the general formula (I) R 1 -O- (CH 2 -CH (R 2 ) -O) n -H.
• n is a number from 3 to 25, preferably 4 to 15 and more preferably 5 to 10.
• R 1 is an aliphatic and / or aromatic, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms and especially preferably 12 to 16 carbon atoms.
• R 1 is preferably a straight-chain or branched, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.
• R 1 may be radicals derived from fatty alcohols or preferably oxoalcohols.
• radicals R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl and particularly preferably hydrogen. If several different radicals R 2 are present, it should be at least 60%, preferably at least 80% of the radicals R 2 is hydrogen, this statement being based on the total number of all radicals R 2 .
• Nonionic surfactants (A1) are commercially available.
• surfactants include low-foaming nonionic surfactants (A2). Such surfactants are known in principle to the person skilled in the art.
• (A2) may be nonionic surfactants of the general formula (II) R 1 -O- (CH 2 -CH (R 3 ) -O) m -R 4 , wherein R 1 is as defined above.
• m is a number from 3 to 30, preferably 5 to 25 and particularly preferably 10 to 20.
• R 3 may be hydrogen, or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl, wherein at least 60%, preferably at least 80% of the radicals R 3 , based on the total number of all radicals R 3 is hydrogen. Particularly preferably, R 3 is exclusively hydrogen.
• the group R 4 is a group which is more hydrophobic than the group - (CH 2 -CH (R 3 ) -O) m - in formula (II).
• R 4 may be a group - (CH 2 -CH (R 5 ) -O) z -H, where z is a number from 1 to 15, preferably from 2 to 10.
• R 5 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, with the proviso that at least 60% of the groups R 5, based on the total number of all groups R 5, is an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 Carbon atoms is.
• R 5 is methyl.
• Such block copolymers can be obtained by first alkoxylating the starter alcohol with ethylene oxide or at least 60 mol% of ethylene oxide-containing alkylene oxide mixtures and the resulting alkoxy alcohol in a second stage with propylene oxide and / or higher alkylene oxides or at least 60 mol% propylene oxide and / or higher alkylene oxides further alkoxylated alkylene oxide mixtures.
• R 4 include straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms, or groups of the formula --CO-R 4 , where R 4 has the meaning mentioned.
• Such structures can be obtained by etherification or esterification of corresponding nonionic surfactants.
• low-foam nonionic surfactants are, for example, in WO 92/14808 .
• Low-foaming nonionic surfactants are commercially available.
• graft copolymers is used in the usual sense for copolymers which have a straight-chain or branched polymer backbone (main chain) and branching off (grafted) side chains, which may already be termed oligomers or polymers by their length.
• the polymer backbone and the side chains are chemically different in nature.
• the straight-chain or branched main chain is hydrophilic. It has N and / or O atoms, which are preferably part of the main chain itself.
• the N and / or O atoms of the main chain are separated from each other by groups of hydrocarbons, preferably from 2 to 4 hydrocarbon groups. They may preferably be 1,2-ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 1,3-propylene, 1,2-butylene or 1,4-butylene groups.
• the graft copolymer (B) is a graft copolymer (B1) having a main chain consisting essentially of alkylene oxide units, the main chain having a number average molecular weight M n of 300 to 60,000 g / mol, preferably 600 to 10,000 g / mol and more preferably 2000 to 8000 g / mol.
• the main chain generally comprises at least 90 mol% of alkylene oxide units. They are preferably ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units, which are generally at least 50 mol%, preferably at least 70 mol% and particularly preferably at least 90 mol% of the alkylene oxide units are ethylene oxide units. Particularly preferably, the main chain is polyethylene glycol.
• the side chains consist essentially of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. These are preferably ethylenically unsaturated monomers having functional groups. Suitable monomers include vinyl derivatives or acrylic derivatives such as vinyl acetate, vinylamine, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylimidazole, vinyl esters, acrylic acid or acrylic esters. According to the The invention relates to the ethylenically unsaturated monomers of the side chains at least 50 mol% vinyl acetate, preferably at least 80 mol% of vinyl acetate and particularly preferably exclusively vinyl acetate.
• the graft copolymers (B1) can be prepared in a manner known in principle by carrying out the polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers of the side chains in the presence of polyalkylene oxides, in particular polyethylene glycol.
• the quantitative ratio of polyalkylene oxides to ethylenically unsaturated monomers is preferably selected such that the graft copolymer comprises 30 to 80% by weight of polyalkylene oxide, preferably 30 to 50% by weight of polyalkylene oxide.
• (B1) is a graft copolymer of polyethylene glycol and vinyl acetate with 30 to 50 wt.% Polyethylene glycol, wherein the main chain has a number average molecular weight M n of 4000 to 8000 g / mol.
• the graft copolymer (B) is a graft copolymer (B2) having a main chain consisting essentially of alkyleneimine units, wherein the main chain has a number average molecular weight M n of 300 to 10,000 g / mol, preferably 300 up to 1000 g / mol.
• the backbone is preferably polyethyleneimine, more preferably hyperbranched polyethylenimine typically obtained in the polymerization of ethyleneimine.
• the side chains are polyether units.
• Such graft copolymers (B2) can be obtained in a manner known in principle by alkoxylation of polyethyleneimine, in particular with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof, preferably ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide. If different alkylene oxides are used, they may be present statically or else as block copolymers.
• the number of grafted Alkylenoxidiseren is usually at 5 to 100 per side group preferably 5 to 50.
• the aqueous formulation may optionally comprise further components (C) as auxiliary agents.
• components include foam suppressants, wetting and deaerating agents or dispersants.
• the aqueous formulation additionally comprises at least one foam damper (C1).
• foam damper may, for example, be foam silencers based on polysiloxanes, such as, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes.
• silicon-free foam suppressants such as fatty alcohol derivatives, disperse silicic acid or polyethers such as polypropylene glycol, poly (propylene glycol-ethylene glycol) copolymers or polypropylene glycol derivatives.
• an aqueous formulation which additionally comprises at least one wetting agent (C2).
• wetting aids include primary, secondary or tertiary phosphoric acid esters of alcohols, such as phosphoric acid esters of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol. Sulfosuccinates or other small-molecule surfactants can also be used for this purpose.
• a formulation may comprise at least one sponge damper (C1) and at least one wetting aid (C2).
• concentrations of the components of the formulation are determined by those skilled in the art according to the desired properties of the formulation.
• the concentration of the surfactants (A) in the Formulltation is usually 0.01 g / l to 5 g / l. preferably 0.02 g / l to 2 g / l, more preferably 0.05 g / l to 1 g / l and most preferably 0.1 g / l to 0.5 g / l.
• the weight ratio of low-foaming surfactants (A2) to the total amount of all surfactants should as a rule be at least 1: 1.
• the concentration of the graft copolymers (B) in the formulation is generally 0.5 g / l to 10 g / l. preferably 0.1 g / l to 5 g / l, more preferably 0.2 g / l to 2 g / l and most preferably 0.3 g / l to 1 g / l.
• the weight ratio of graft copolymers (B) to surfactants (A) in the formulation is at least 1: 1.
• the weight ratio (B) / (A) is 1: 1 to 20: 1, more preferably 2: 1 to 10: 1 and for example 3: 1 to 8: 1.
• the concentration of auxiliaries (C), if present, is generally up to 5 g / l, preferably 0.01 g / l to 2 g / l, more preferably 0.02 g / l to 1 g / l and most preferably 0 , 05 g / l to 0.6 g / l.
• the process according to the invention for post-dying colored and / or printed textile materials is a partial step in the course of the production process of textile materials and is generally carried out immediately after the dyeing and / or printing of the textile materials, typically with the textile dye itself, without being ruled out should, the procedure also until a later Time to perform.
• the textile material is treated with the aqueous formulation ("liquor"), for example by simple immersion.
• the weight ratio of textile materials to the aqueous formulation (“liquor ratio") is generally 1: 3 to 1:40, preferably 1: 5 to 1:10.
• the treatment is usually carried out at 20 to 100 ° C, preferably 30 to 90 ° C and particularly preferably 40 to 70 ° C.
• the duration of the aftertreatment is generally 5 to 60 minutes, preferably 10 to 30 minutes and particularly preferably 15 to 25 minutes.
• the textile material is usually rinsed once or several times with water.
• the process according to the invention has several advantages over the reductive after-cleaning, in particular in the after-treatment of textile materials containing polypropylene:
• the excess color is removed from the surface of the fabric without significantly worsening the color depth of the dyeing. So it only works on the surface and does not penetrate into the interior of the fiber material.
• This is not only an advantage over the reductive process, but also over the post-cleaning with surfactants. Since these are low molecular weight surfactants can be incorporated into the interior of polymeric materials such as e.g. Polypropylene penetrate, and migrate together with dyes back out.
• hydrosulfite and NaOH there are also ecological advantages, since neither hydrosulfite nor NaOH can reach the wastewater.
• formulations with hydrosulfite / NaOH inevitably have an alkaline pH, so that must be neutralized again after the aftertreatment.
• the formulations used according to the invention are at most slightly alkaline, so that the neutralization can be dispensed with.
• the fabric of additized polypropylene was prepared according to the WO 2006/128796 It was a polypropylene with a melt flow rate of 33 g / 10 min (230 ° C, 2.16 kg) used.
• the polypropylene contains as an additive about 5 wt.% Of a polyester having a melting point of 94 ° C, prepared according to WO 2006/128796 , Page 33 and about 1 wt.% Of a polyisobutene-polyethylene oxide-polyisobutene block copolymer (molecular weight M n of blocks: about 1000 - about 6000 - about 1000), prepared according to WO 2006/128796 , Page 21 (example block copolymer 2).
• the polypropylene and the additives were used in a twin-screw extruder according to the WO 2006/128796 , Page 17 mixed together, spun into threads and processed into a textile fabric.
• the textile fabric of PET and polypropylene were washed before the dyeing tests with a commercial industrial detergent.
• the staining was carried out by methods known to the person skilled in the art in an A-HIBA® staining apparatus.
• the dye used was weighed in, water was added and the bomb was heated for about 20 minutes in a 60 ° C hot water bath until the dye was dissolved.
• the remaining additives for the dyebath were added (4.8 g of a 5% solution of a commercial wetting agent (Basojet ® XP) in water, 75 g of a 1% solution of a UV stabilizer in water (Cibafast® PEX)) and the pH of the dyeing liquor with a buffer solution (21 ml / l glacial acetic acid and 30 g / l Naacetat) to 4.5. Total amount of formulation 200 ml each.
• a commercial wetting agent Basojet ® XP
• a 1% solution of a UV stabilizer in water Cibafast® PEX
• a buffer solution 21 ml / l glacial acetic acid and 30 g / l Naacetat
• the textile was removed well rinsed with hot water and rinsed with cold water. Then it was spun and dried in a drying oven at 60 ° C circulating air.
• the polyester and polypropylene fabrics were each stained with commercially available dyes, namely a black disperse dye (Panacron® Black AM-B, 3 wt.% In dye liquor), a red disperse dye (Dianix ® Deep Red SF, 2 wt.% In dyeing liquor) and a yellow disperse dye (Dianix ® flavins, 1 wt.% in dye liquor).
• a black disperse dye Panacron® Black AM-B, 3 wt.% In dye liquor
• a red disperse dye Dianix ® Deep Red SF, 2 wt.% In dyeing liquor
• a yellow disperse dye Dianix ® flavins, 1 wt.% in dye liquor
• Water is first heated without additives to the desired temperature for after-treatment. After reaching the temperature, the additives are added as a concentrate in aqueous solution so that the desired concentration is established, and at the same time the textile sample is added. The textile sample is agitated for the desired treatment time in the formulation, after which the formulation is decanted, rinsed with warm and then cold water.
• the textile sample is then in a solution of 0.5 l of water with 2 ml conc. Briefly rinsed acetic acid, centrifuged and dried in the laboratory dryer for 2 min at 120 ° C and 700 rev / min.
• the particular formulation, temperature and duration of the treatment are summarized in Table 1 below.
• the color depth of the dye before and after the aftertreatment was assessed.
• the color change of the material is determined via the gray scale for assessing the change of color (ISO 105-A02: 1993 DIN-EN 20105-A02 1994).
• the change of color is indicated in notes 1-5 (5: lowest change, 1: highest change).
• the wash fastness of the aftertreated samples was carried out with a wash fastness test according to DIN ISO 105-C06-A1S without using steel balls.
• the aftertreated fabric is washed at 40 ° C.
• the dyed textile is used to wash white fabrics made of other textile materials (wool, cotton, polyamide). It is judged how strongly the white tissues discolour.
• the evaluation is carried out according to gray scale for the evaluation of the Anblutens ISO105-A03: 1993 DIN EN 20105-A03: 1994). The color intensity is given in grades 1-5 (5: lowest color pickup foreign tissue, 1: highest color pickup foreign tissue).
• Table 1 shows examples and comparative examples with three other dyes as well as textiles made of both polypropylene and PET fibers.
• the aftertreatment was carried out under the same conditions either with NaHSO 3 / NaOH or the formulation to be used according to the invention.
• the tests show that the decolorization of the polypropylene textiles in the case of after-treatment with the formulation according to the invention is lower in each case than in the after-treatment with NaHSO 3 / NaOH. Nevertheless, the inventively post-treated polypropylene textiles do not stain more strongly in the wash fastness test.

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• 2009
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