EP2301053A1 - Thermosicherung - Google Patents
ThermosicherungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2301053A1 EP2301053A1 EP09779728A EP09779728A EP2301053A1 EP 2301053 A1 EP2301053 A1 EP 2301053A1 EP 09779728 A EP09779728 A EP 09779728A EP 09779728 A EP09779728 A EP 09779728A EP 2301053 A1 EP2301053 A1 EP 2301053A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thermal fuse
- connection
- propagation
- fusible
- fusible element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
- H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermal fuse for interrupting a current flow in modules, in particular for use in the automotive sector
- thermal fuse In order to protect electrical modules against overheating, irreversible thermal fuses are required, which interrupt a current-carrying conductor if the ambient temperature is too high, ie trigger the fuse.
- the thermal fuses are designed so that the trip temperature is not reached due to a high current flow, so that it is ensured that they can not be triggered by a high current but only by an excessively high ambient temperature.
- a thermal fuse of the above type thus serves to provide an independent Abschaltpfad for electrical modules available, with inadmissible high temperatures in the module, for example, due to failures of components, short circuits, for example, by external influence, malfunction of insulation materials and the like Current flow is safely interrupted.
- thermal fuses are usually based on the concept of a fixed spring, such as a soldered leaf spring, which opens a contact by a spring force when triggered.
- a mechanical force is permanently exerted on the joint, which can lead to quality problems, especially in long periods of use, such as the long operating times in the automotive sector.
- a disruption of the solder joint may occur after some time.
- An alternative embodiment of a thermal fuse uses a conductive fusing element of a fusible material that begins to melt at a triggering temperature and thereby breaks an electrical connection.
- a melting element is usually arranged between two connection regions, at which the molten material of the melting element collects after melting due to the surface tension. A separation was successful when a deposit or a drop of fused material has formed on one or both terminal areas, without leaving a conductive bridge of fusible material between the terminal areas.
- connection areas In experiments with connection areas, the front side, on which the fusible element completely rests, just as large as the cross-section of the contact surface of the fusible element or cup-shaped connection areas, which completely surrounds the fusible element at its ends, it was observed that they do not always reliably trigger since a conductive bridge of fusible material remains between the coverings or between the drops at the connection areas.
- a thermal fuse for interrupting a current flow in modules is provided, in particular for use in the automotive sector.
- the thermal fuse comprises a terminal having a terminal portion and a fuse of fused material attached at one end to the terminal portion to provide an electrically conductive connection between the fuse and the terminal.
- the connecting element has a propagation region for receiving molten melting material.
- the spreading region has a spreading surface on which a part or all of the molten melting material spreads during melting of the melting element, the spreading surface having no positive curvature.
- connection elements in the propagation region have a surface structure in which, in particular, an energy barrier with respect to the propagation of the molten melting material is avoided. This can be achieved in particular by providing the propagation surface only with curvatures of 0 or positive curvatures, and in particular avoiding negative curvatures in order to reduce the surface energy. It can thereby minimize the risk that bridges of fusible material remain between the connection areas of the thermal fuse.
- the thermal fuse may have two connection elements, between which the fusible element is received, so that ends of the fusible element are attached to the corresponding connection elements.
- the spreading surface may be a flat surface.
- the propagation surface may be substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the fusible element bears against the connection element.
- the spreading surface may correspond to an inner surface of a cup-shaped structure having an inner diameter which is larger than the cross-section of the melting element within the cup-shaped structure.
- the volume of the cup-shaped structure can correspond to at least half the volume of the melting material of the melting element.
- a bottom surface of the cup-shaped structure may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the end of the melting element.
- the propagation surface may correspond to an inner surface of a funnel-shaped structure.
- the tip of the funnel-shaped structure may be flattened with a surface which is equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area of the end of the fusible element.
- the propagation surface may comprise an inner surface of a hollow sphere structure whose inner diameter is larger at one point than the diameter of the melting element.
- FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show a conventional thermal fuse in the untripped or triggered state
- Figure 2 shows a conventional thermal fuse with cup-shaped
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show a thermal fuse with extended connection areas in a non-triggered or tripped state
- FIGS. 4a and 4b show a further thermal fuse in a non-tripped or tripped state
- FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show a conventional thermal fuse 1 which has two connection elements 2, between which a conductive fusible element 3 is arranged.
- the fusible element 3 is fastened with its two ends to a respective connection region 4 of the connection lines 2, for example soldered.
- the cross-section of the connection elements 2 at the contact point to the fusible element 3 and the cross-section at the ends of the fusible element 3 are substantially the same, so that the connection elements 2 substantially flush with respect to their surfaces in the fusible element 3. If the ambient temperature of the thermal fuse 1 exceeds a threshold value, the melting material of the melting element 3 melts.
- the melting material of the melting element is preferably a low-melting metal or an alloy such as solder which, when molten, has a high surface energy, ie surface tension, having.
- a flux 5 may be provided, that breaks through the oxide skin during melting and increases the wetting or the surface tension.
- connection region 4 of the connection elements 2 Due to the surface tension of the molten melting material, the liquid melting material creeps beyond the connection region 4 of the connection elements 2 beyond a propagation surface 6 of the connection elements
- connection area 4 in which the connection area 4 is located.
- connection element 3 which has previously made the conductive connection between the connecting elements 2, is deducted. This takes place until the melting element 3 is completely divided into two pieces of molten material at the connection elements 2, which collect as drops or coating on the respective propagation surface 6 of the connection element 2. As a result, the conductive connection between the connection elements 2 should be interrupted.
- the surface tension corresponds to the difference between the surface free energies of the surface of the connection element 2 and the surface of the liquid melt late neck.
- the surface energy is composed, according to the general Gibbs-Thomsen relation, of a constant, material-dependent proportion and a proportion which depends on the curvature of the surface on which the molten material is to be distributed:
- E is the total surface energy
- E 0 a proportion of the constant material-dependent surface energy
- connection elements 2 By suitably choosing the geometry of the propagation region 6 of one or more of the connection elements 2, it can now be ensured that the curvature-dependent fraction of the surface energy during and after the triggering is negative and thus the contraction of the melted melt material parts 7 at the connection regions is supported.
- Figures 3a and 3b, 4a and 4b and 5a and 5b show embodiments for thermal fuses 1, which provide the molten melt material parts 7 within the corresponding propagation region 6 no or a negative curvature, even after melting.
- the surface free energy is reduced, thereby promoting spreading of the molten melt material. This reduces the risk that bridges of molten material remain between the connection elements 2.
- a propagation region 6 is formed as a surface section of the connection element 2.
- the propagation region 6 comprises a flat surface which contains the connection region 4 of the connection element 2.
- the area of the terminal portion 4 is widened so that the surface of the terminal portion 4 where the fuse element 3 abuts before reflowing and the spreading surface 6 on which the molten fuse material propagates lie in a flat surface.
- the spreading surface 6 is formed with a size sufficient to receive so much molten melting material that it is ensured that no conductive bridge between the connecting elements 2 remains.
- the total area depends, among other things, on the surface tension of the enamel material (material properties) and the volume of the enamel element 3 off.
- the surface is chosen so large that a drop of half the amount of the melt material of the fusible element 3 on the flat propagation surface 6 of the connection element 2 finds room. This can be found, for example, empirically.
- the propagation surfaces 6 cup-shaped with a cup rim 8 and a cup bottom 9 are formed.
- the cup bottom 9 is preferably flat and has a larger area than corresponds to the connection region 4 of the melting element 3.
- the cup edges 8 of the propagation surface 6 are perpendicular or obliquely inwards or outwards from the cup bottom 9 in the direction of the opposite connection element 2 or in the direction of the melting element 3.
- the angle between the cup bottom 9 and the cup rim 8 forms a negative curvature which promotes the spreading of the molten melt material over the cup-shaped spreading surface 6.
- the volume of the cup-shaped spreading surface 6 that is to say the volume defined by the edge of the cup rim 8 opposite the cup bottom 9, has a size to accommodate the volume of the molten melting material part 7 which is at least half the volume of the melting material of the melting element 3 corresponds.
- a distribution of the molten melting material on the cup-shaped spreading surface 6 is shown in Figure 4b.
- FIGS. 5a and 5b show a further thermal fuse 1 in which the propagation surface 6 is funnel-shaped.
- the thermal fuse 1 of FIG. 5 has a connection funnel 10 as a propagation region, which is arranged around the surface 11 of the connection region 4 of the connection element 2. Between the surface 11 and the funnel-shaped propagation region 10 is also a negative curvature, which is the distribution and spreading of the molten melt material within the connection funnel 10th supported.
- the volume formed by the connection funnel 10 corresponds to at least half the volume of the melting material of the melting element 3.
- the melting material may in all embodiments be formed from low-melting solder, which is preferably provided with a flux, such as e.g. a flux soul in the interior of the fusible element 3 or as a surface covering of the fusible element 3 is formed.
- a flux such as e.g. a flux soul in the interior of the fusible element 3 or as a surface covering of the fusible element 3 is formed.
- a hollow ball which is open to the opposite connection region and whose inner surface likewise has a negative curvature
- the size of the area in which the molten melting material spreads depends on the volume of the fusible element and the melt material part, which attaches to the respective connection element 3.
- the boundary of the propagation region should not have to be exceeded by the molten melting material during the melting of the fusible element 3 in order to completely separate the thermal fuse 1.
- the opposing connection elements 2 are identical. These can also be designed differently, which in particular can shift the distribution of the melting material parts accumulating during the melting process.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008040345A DE102008040345A1 (de) | 2008-07-11 | 2008-07-11 | Thermosicherung |
PCT/EP2009/057255 WO2010003758A1 (de) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-06-12 | Thermosicherung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2301053A1 true EP2301053A1 (de) | 2011-03-30 |
EP2301053B1 EP2301053B1 (de) | 2013-08-14 |
Family
ID=41047025
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09779728.6A Not-in-force EP2301053B1 (de) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-06-12 | Thermosicherung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110181385A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2301053B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5269197B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20110049772A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102089846A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008040345A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010003758A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6705323B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2004-03-16 | Conceptus, Inc. | Contraceptive transcervical fallopian tube occlusion devices and methods |
DE102007014334A1 (de) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schmelzlegierungselement, Thermosicherung mit einem Schmelzlegierungselement sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Thermosicherung |
DE102007014338A1 (de) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Thermosicherung |
JP5072796B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-23 | 2012-11-14 | ソニーケミカル&インフォメーションデバイス株式会社 | 保護素子及び二次電池装置 |
JP5301298B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-21 | 2013-09-25 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
JP5130233B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-21 | 2013-01-30 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
JP5130232B2 (ja) | 2009-01-21 | 2013-01-30 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護素子 |
US9129769B2 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2015-09-08 | Cyntec Co., Ltd. | Protective device |
DE102014200640A1 (de) | 2014-01-16 | 2015-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Batteriesystem und Verfahren zur Trennung eines Batteriesystems von einem angeschlossenen elektrischen Verbraucher |
CN206976273U (zh) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-02-06 | 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 | 一种高压直流热熔断器 |
DE102018206345A1 (de) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schmelzsicherung, Gasbehälter und Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen einer Schmelzsicherung und zum Einbauen derselben in einen Gasbehälter |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3168632A (en) * | 1961-10-31 | 1965-02-02 | Advance Transformer Co | Ballast disconnect device having a coating of flux material |
US3354282A (en) * | 1966-05-25 | 1967-11-21 | Gen Electric Canada | Thermal fuse with capillary action |
US3377448A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1968-04-09 | Littelfuse Inc | Thermal responsive miniature fuse |
JPS5443554A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1979-04-06 | Nifco Inc | Temperature fuse |
JPS6017775Y2 (ja) * | 1981-02-28 | 1985-05-30 | 日本電気ホームエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 温度ヒユ−ズ |
JPS6017777Y2 (ja) * | 1982-09-01 | 1985-05-30 | 資 岡崎 | 温度ヒユ−ズ |
US5252942A (en) * | 1992-01-08 | 1993-10-12 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Fuse links and dual element fuse |
CN1131334A (zh) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-09-18 | 中岛卓夫 | 温度保险丝 |
JP3562696B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-16 | 2004-09-08 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | ヒューズエレメントの製造方法 |
JP4376428B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-16 | 2009-12-02 | 株式会社タムラサーマルデバイス | 温度ヒューズのリード線への絶縁チューブ被覆方法およびその温度ヒューズ |
US7068141B2 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2006-06-27 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Thermal fuse |
JP4155825B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-02 | 2008-09-24 | ビックマン−ベルケ ゲーエムベーハー | ヒューズエレメントの製造方法 |
WO2002095783A1 (fr) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fusible thermique |
JP4001757B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-06 | 2007-10-31 | 内橋エステック株式会社 | 合金型温度ヒュ−ズ |
JP3990169B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-06 | 2007-10-10 | 内橋エステック株式会社 | 合金型温度ヒュ−ズ |
JP4230194B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-30 | 2009-02-25 | 内橋エステック株式会社 | 合金型温度ヒューズ及び温度ヒューズエレメント用線材 |
JP4230251B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-04 | 2009-02-25 | 内橋エステック株式会社 | 合金型温度ヒューズ及び温度ヒューズエレメント用材料 |
JP4207686B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-01 | 2009-01-14 | パナソニック株式会社 | ヒューズ、それを用いたパック電池およびヒューズ製造方法 |
JP4717686B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-04 | 2011-07-06 | 内橋エステック株式会社 | 筒型温度ヒューズ |
DE102008003659A1 (de) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schmelzsicherung zur Unterbrechung eines spannungs- und/oder stromführenden Leiters im thermischen Fehlerfall und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Schmelzsicherung |
-
2008
- 2008-07-11 DE DE102008040345A patent/DE102008040345A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-06-12 KR KR1020117000669A patent/KR20110049772A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-06-12 JP JP2011517058A patent/JP5269197B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-06-12 CN CN2009801267106A patent/CN102089846A/zh active Pending
- 2009-06-12 WO PCT/EP2009/057255 patent/WO2010003758A1/de active Application Filing
- 2009-06-12 EP EP09779728.6A patent/EP2301053B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-06-12 US US13/003,708 patent/US20110181385A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010003758A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010003758A1 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
EP2301053B1 (de) | 2013-08-14 |
JP5269197B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
DE102008040345A1 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
JP2011527493A (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
US20110181385A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
CN102089846A (zh) | 2011-06-08 |
KR20110049772A (ko) | 2011-05-12 |
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