EP2241829B1 - Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2241829B1
EP2241829B1 EP10008096.9A EP10008096A EP2241829B1 EP 2241829 B1 EP2241829 B1 EP 2241829B1 EP 10008096 A EP10008096 A EP 10008096A EP 2241829 B1 EP2241829 B1 EP 2241829B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot water
water
storage tank
temperature
heat exchange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP10008096.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2241829A3 (fr
EP2241829A2 (fr
Inventor
Shinichi Sakamoto
Hidehiko Kataoka
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2241829A2 publication Critical patent/EP2241829A2/fr
Publication of EP2241829A3 publication Critical patent/EP2241829A3/fr
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Publication of EP2241829B1 publication Critical patent/EP2241829B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/136—Defrosting or de-icing; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/16—Reducing cost using the price of energy, e.g. choosing or switching between different energy sources
    • F24H15/164—Reducing cost using the price of energy, e.g. choosing or switching between different energy sources where the price of the electric supply changes with time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/227—Temperature of the refrigerant in heat pump cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/242—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/375—Control of heat pumps
    • F24H15/385—Control of expansion valves of heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F24H4/04—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2021—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/04—Sensors
    • F24D2220/042—Temperature sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2240/00—Characterizing positions, e.g. of sensors, inlets, outlets
    • F24D2240/26—Vertically distributed at fixed positions, e.g. multiple sensors distributed over the height of a tank, or a vertical inlet distribution pipe having a plurality of orifices

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat pump type hot water supply systems.
  • FIG. 8 As an example of conventional heat pump type hot water supply systems, there is known one, as shown in Figure 8 , which includes a hot water storage tank 50, and a circulation line 53 connecting between a water outlet 51 and a hot water inlet 52 each formed in the hot water storage tank 50.
  • a heat exchange line 54 is provided partway along the circulation line 53 and can be heated by a heat pump type heating source.
  • This heat pump type hot water supply system performs a hot water return operation in which unheated water from the water outlet 51 is heated up to a predetermined temperature in the heat exchange line 54 and the water heated up to the predetermined temperature is returned to the storage tank 50 through the hot water inlet 52.
  • the heat pump type hot water supply system is composed of a tank unit 55 and a heat source unit 56, and the tank unit 55 includes the above-mentioned hot water storage tank 50.
  • the heat source unit 56 includes a compressor 57, a water heat exchanger 58 (forming the heat exchange line 54 ), an expansion valve 59, and a heat exchanger 60.
  • Heated water being stored in the hot water storage tank 50 exists at high temperatures in the upper part of the tank and at low temperatures in the lower part thereof. If water is returned from the circulation line 53 directly to the storage tank 50 in the above-described manner at the start-up or in similar cases, cold water or low-temperature hot water will be undesirably sent to the upper part of the storage tank 50 because the water to be returned does not reach a desired high temperature.
  • a solution as shown in the dash-double-dot line in Figure 8 .
  • a three way valve 62 is provided in the circulation line 53 and the circulation line 53 is connected at the three way valve 62 to a bypass line 63 to form a bypass circuit that bypasses the storage tank 50.
  • the bypass line 63 is put into the on state so that the heated water circulates through the bypass circuit so as not to return to the storage tank 50, resulting in heating the water up to a predetermined high temperature.
  • the conventional heat pump type hot water supply system may be provided with a bypass line 65 that is interposed between a connection line connecting the compressor 57 and the water heat exchanger 58 and a connection line connecting the expansion valve 59 and the heat exchanger 60 and that has a defrost valve 64 placed in the bypass line 65 to perform a defrosting operation.
  • the defrosting operation means the operation in which the expansions valve 59 is fully closed, hot gas discharged from the compressor 57 is supplied to the heat exchanger 60 through the bypass line 65, and the heat exchanger 60 is thereby heated with heat of the hot gas.
  • the defrosting operation is repeatedly conducted, i.e., the start-up operating condition is repeated, so that the average storage hot water temperature in the storage tank drops. Therefore, in order to raise the average storage hot water temperature to the degree as in the cases other than the defrosting operation, it is necessary to raise the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 54. If it is done, the COP may in turn drop as shown in Figure 10 (a graph showing the relationship between the heated water temperature and the COP). Alternatively, if the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line is not raised as expected, the amount of heat of the stored hot water cannot be sufficiently ensured by counting on only night-time hot water storage operation which is low in electricity cost.
  • JP H08 152193 A discloses a hot water supplying device wherein a defrosting, etc., can be effectively performed while the temperature of hot water at a lower part of a hot water tank does not descend even at the time of defrosting operation, etc.
  • the document discloses all the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the foregoing problems, and therefore its object is to provide a heat pump type hot water supply system which prevents drop in the average storage hot water temperature of the hot water storage tank and enables to avoid day-time reheating operation and to achieve reduced cost owing to energy conservation.
  • a first heat pump type hot water supply system is directed to a heat pump type hot water supply system which includes a hot water storage tank 3, and a circulation line 12 connecting a water outlet 10 at the lower part of the storage tank 3 and a hot water inlet 11 at the upper part thereof, the circulation line 12 being provided partway therealong with a heat exchange line 14 to be heated by a heat pump heat source, and in which water heated up in the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11.
  • the first heat pump type hot water supply system is characterised in that when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below a set point, the return of the water to the hot water storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11 is hindered, and when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is above the set point, the outgoing water from the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11.
  • low-temperature water or low-temperature hot water is not returned to the upper part of the storage tank 3 and is therefore not mixed with the hot water existing at high temperatures in the upper part of the storage tank 3, thereby preventing temperature drop of the high-temperature storage water.
  • a second heat pump type hot water supply system is characterised in that when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point, the outgoing water from the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through a supply water inlet 5 formed in the bottom of the hot water storage tank 3.
  • the second heat pump type hot water supply system when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point, the outgoing water from the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through the supply water inlet 5 in the bottom of the hot water storage tank 3.
  • low-temperature water or low-temperature hot water from the heat exchange line 14 is mixed with the low-temperature storage water in the lower part of the storage tank 3 without being mixed with the high-temperature storage water in the upper part of the storage tank 3.
  • baffle baffle plate
  • a third heat pump type hot water supply system is characterised in that a flow return port 43 is formed in a portion of the outer wall of the hot water storage tank 3 located below the vertically middle of the hot water storage tank 3, wherein the outgoing water from the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through the flow return port 43 when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point.
  • the third heat pump type hot water supply system when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point, the outgoing water at a low temperature from the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through the flow return port 43 located in a portion of the outer wall of the hot water storage tank 3 below the vertically middle of the hot water storage tank 3. Therefore, low-temperature water or low-temperature hot water is not mixed with the high-temperature storage water in the upper part of the storage tank 3. Thereafter, when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 rises and exceeds the set point, the system returns to its normal operation in which the water having reached a sufficiently high temperature is returned to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11. Also with this configuration, the temperature of the incoming water to the heat exchange line 14 is not different from that of the incoming water in the other operating conditions, so that the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is kept substantially constant.
  • a fourth heat pump type hot water supply system is characterised in that the water outlet 10 is composed of a supply water inlet 5 formed in the bottom of the hot water storage tank 3, the storage water in the hot water storage tank 3 is allowed to flow out to the circulation line 12 through the supply water inlet 5, and when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point, the water heated up in the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through a port 10 formed in the bottom of the hot water storage tank 3.
  • the fourth heat pump type hot water supply system when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point, the outgoing water at a low temperature from the heat exchange line 14 is returned to the hot water storage tank 3 through the port 10 in the bottom of the storage tank 3. Therefore, low-temperature water or low-temperature hot water is not mixed with the high-temperature storage water in the upper part of the storage tank 3. Thereafter, when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 rises and exceeds the set point, the system returns to its normal operation in which the water having reached a sufficiently high temperature is returned to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11.
  • the incoming water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 has not difference between various operating conditions, so that the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is kept substantially constant.
  • this configuration avoids the need to additionally provide a flow return port, it has the advantage of allowing use of existing hot water storage tanks.
  • a fifth heat pump type hot water supply system is characterised in that when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point, the outgoing water from the heat exchange line 14 is drained from the circulation line 12 to the outside.
  • the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 when the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 is equal to or below the set point, the outgoing water at a low temperature from the heat exchange line 14 is drained to the outside without being returned to the storage tank 3. Therefore, if this operation is continued, the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 rises with time and then exceeds the set point. When the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 exceeds the set point, the operation to drain the water to the outside is cancelled. As a result, the hot water that has been heated up to a sufficiently high temperature in the heat exchange line 14 can be returned to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11.
  • the heat pump type hot water supply system of the present invention when the water has not been sufficiently heated up in the heat exchange line, the low-temperature water or low-temperature hot water is not returned to the upper part of the storage tank and therefore is not mixed with the high-temperature storage water in the upper part of the storage tank. This prevents drop of the average storage hot water temperature and avoids a day-time reheating operation, resulting in reduced cost owing to energy conservation.
  • the second heat pump type hot water supply system since a baffle is generally provided near to the supply water inlet inside of the storage tank, low-temperature water or low-temperature hot water returned therein impinges on the baffle so as not to reach the high-temperature storage water in the upper part of the storage tank, which provides the average storage hot water temperature with further stability. Furthermore, since the storage water in the tank is taken to the heat exchange line through the water outlet in both the normal operating condition and the circulation operating condition (bypass operation) using the supply water inlet, there is no difference in the incoming water temperature of the heat exchange line between both the operating conditions. Therefore, the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line can be kept substantially constant.
  • the incoming water temperature of the heat exchange line does not vary substantially even at the switchover from the bypass operation to the normal operation, and therefore the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line can be kept substantially constant.
  • the start-up performance can be improved with a simple control system.
  • the fourth heat pump type hot water supply system avoids the need to additionally provide a flow return port or the like and allows use of existing (already installed) hot water storage tanks, which contributes to cost reduction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a heat pump type hot water supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hot water supply system includes a tank unit 1 and a heat source unit 2, and is configured to heat water (warm water) in the tank unit 1 with the heat source unit 2.
  • the tank unit 1 includes a hot water storage tank 3.
  • the hot water stored in the storage tank 3 is supplied to a bath tub and so on.
  • the storage tank 3 has a supply water inlet 5 formed in the bottom wall thereof and a hot water outlet 6 formed in the top wall thereof, so that water is fed to the storage tank 3 through the supply water inlet 5 and high-temperature hot water goes out through the hot water outlet 6.
  • the supply water inlet 5 is connected to a supply water line 8 having a check valve 7, and a baffle 9 is provided near to the supply water inlet 5 inside of the storage tank 3.
  • a water outlet 10 is formed in the bottom wall of the storage tank 3, and a hot water inlet 11 is formed in the upper part of the side wall (peripheral wall) of the storage tank 3.
  • the water outlet 10 and the hot water inlet 11 are connected together through a circulation line 12.
  • a pump 13 and a heat exchange line 14 are provided in the circulation line 12.
  • a three-way valve 16 as a selector means 15 described later is provided in a portion of the circulation line 12 close to the hot water inlet 11.
  • the three-way valve 16 is connected to a bypass line 17 connecting in return to the supply water line 8.
  • this heat pump type hot water supply system can perform two operations: a normal operation in which water (warm water) flows through the water outlet 10 into the circulation line 12 and passes through the circulation line 12, and the water heated up in the circulation line 12 then returns to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11 without flowing through the bypass line 17; and a bypass operation in which the water (warm water) flows through the water outlet 10 into the circulation line 12, passes through the circulation line 12, flows into the bypass line 17 through the three-way valve 16 and then returns from the bypass line 17 through the supply water inlet 5 to the storage tank 3.
  • the storage tank 3 includes four remaining water amount sensors 18a, 18b, 18c and 18d vertically spaced at regular pitches on the side wall thereof, and a temperature sensor 19 on the top wall thereof.
  • Each of the remaining water amount sensors 18a, 18b, 18c and 18d and the temperature sensor 19 is formed of a thermistor, for example.
  • the circulation line 12 is provided with an incoming water thermistor 20 at its side upstream of the heat exchange line 14 (more specifically, upstream of the pump 13 ), and an outgoing water thermistor 21 (forming a sensor 22 for sensing the temperature of water heated up by the heat exchange line 14 (i.e., heated water temperature)) at its side downstream of the heat exchange line 14.
  • a control section of the heat pump type hot water supply system is provided with a controller 23 for controlling the selector means 15 according to the heated water temperature sensed by the sensor 22. Specifically, when the heated water temperature sensed by the sensor 22 is equal to or below a set point (e.g., 85°C) preset by a setting means 24, the controller 23 causes the three-way valve 16 as the selector means 15 to change to the position for the bypass operation in which the water flows through the bypass line 17. On the other hand, when the heated water temperature exceeds the set point, the controller 23 causes the three-way valve 16 to change to the position for the normal operation in which the hot water does not flow through the bypass line 17.
  • a set point e.g. 85°C
  • the set point means a high temperature substantially equal to the temperature of the hot water in the upper part of the storage tank 3.
  • the controller 23 and the other means in the control section are each formed using, for example, a microcomputer containing a CPU, a memory, and an input/output interface.
  • the heat source unit 2 includes a refrigerant circuit
  • the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor 25, a water heat exchanger 26 constituting the heat exchange line 14, a subcooling heat exchanger 27, a receiver 28, an expansion valve 29, and a heat exchanger 30.
  • the refrigerant circuit further includes a refrigerant line 31 through which the compressor 25 and the water heat exchanger 26 are connected, and another refrigerant line 32 through which the expansion valve 29 and the heat exchanger 30 are connected.
  • a bypass line 33 is connected between both the refrigerant lines 31 and 32, and is provided with a defrosting valve 34.
  • the refrigerant circuit 31 is provided with a thermistor 35, an HPS 36 as a pressure protective switch, and a pressure sensor 37, while the heat exchanger 30 is provided with a heat exchanger thermistor 38. Furthermore, a supercritical refrigerant for use in a supercritical state, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), is used as a refrigerant.
  • a supercritical refrigerant for use in a supercritical state such as carbon dioxide (CO2), is used as a refrigerant.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the reference numeral 39 indicates an outside air thermistor.
  • the bypass line 33 is for performing a defrosting operation to supply a hot gas discharged from the compressor 25 to the heat exchanger 30 for defrosting of the heat exchanger 30.
  • the heat source unit 2 includes a defrosting controller (not shown) for changeover between a normal water heating operation and the defrosting operation.
  • the water heat exchanger 26 and the heat exchanger 30 act as a condenser and an evaporator, respectively, thereby heating the water passing through the heat exchange line 14.
  • the hot gas flows through the heat exchanger 30 so that it heats up the heat exchanger 30.
  • the defrosting controller is formed using, for example, a microcomputer containing a CPU, a memory, and an input/output interface, like the controller 23.
  • the compressor 25 is driven, so that the water heat exchanger 26 acts as a condenser and the heat exchanger 30 acts as an evaporator.
  • the pump 13 is driven (operated). Thereby, storage water (warm water) flows out of the storage tank 3 through the water outlet 10 in the tank bottom, and then flows through the heat exchange line 14 of the circulation line 12. During the time, the water is heated up by the water heat exchanger 26 functioning as a condenser. Thereafter, the heated water returns to the upper part of the storage tank 3 through the three-way valve 16 and the hot water inlet 11. This operation is conducted repeatedly so that high-temperature hot water is stored in the storage tank 3. It is to be noted that this operation is preferably conducted in late night hours when the electricity rates are low for the purpose of cost reduction.
  • the controller 23 allows the selector means 15 to change the position so that the system enters into the normal operating condition in which the hot water does not flow through the bypass line 17.
  • the hot water reaching a desired high temperature can be returned to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11.
  • the heated water temperature can be raised to a sufficiently high temperature. This makes it possible to keep hot water fed from the storage tank 3 at a stable high temperature. Consequently, improvement in the start-up performance and hot water storage at a constant temperature can be achieved with a simple control system.
  • the system performs a defrosting operation by the defrosting controller.
  • the defrosting controller fully closes the expansion valve 29 and opens the defrosting valve 34.
  • the reference value is the temperature indicating that it is undesirable to continue the normal operation any more, because temperature drop beyond the reference value invites the frosting of the heat exchanger 30 and eventually performance drop.
  • a hot gas discharged from the compressor 25 is supplied to the heat exchanger 30 to defrost the heat exchanger 30 by the heat from the hot gas.
  • the defrosting controller When the temperature of the heat exchanger 30 exceeds the reference value, the defrosting controller fully closes the defrosting valve 34 and opens the expansion valve 29, thereby returning the system to the normal operation. Thereafter, the same switchover from normal to defrosting operation is made at appropriate times so as not to frost the heat exchanger 30. Then, when the defrosting operation is completed, the system enters into the same state as in the start-up, i.e., in the state where the water returned from the circulation line 12 to the storage tank 3 has a low temperature. Even in this case, however, the water is not returned to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11 to avoid drop in the average storage hot water temperature until the outgoing water from the heat exchange line 14 reaches a high temperature by the bypass operation.
  • the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 can be sufficiently raised to ensure a sufficient outgoing water temperature by night-hours operation (off-peak operation). This avoids the need for reheating operation in day hours when the electricity rates are high, resulting in cost reduction.
  • the heat pump type hot water supply system of this embodiment includes the receiver 28 and the subcooling heat exchanger 27.
  • the receiver 28 is for keeping the amount of circulation of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit at an adequate amount.
  • the subcooling heat exchanger 27 is for adjusting the amount of refrigerant charged into the receiver 28. Provision of these elements enables a proper refrigeration cycle and a stable heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 to be kept.
  • Figure 4 shows a modified example of the selector means 15.
  • the selector means 15 is composed of two two-way valves 40 and 41 without using the three-way valve 16.
  • one of the two-way valves 40 is disposed near to the hot water inlet 11 in the circulation line 12, while the other two-way valve 41 is disposed in the bypass line 17.
  • the two-way valve 40 is opened while the two-way valve 41 closed.
  • the two-way valve 40 is closed while the two-way valve 41 opened. In these manners, the two-way valves 40 and 41 have the same function as the three-way valve 16.
  • the outgoing water from the heat exchange line 14 is not returned to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11 to avoid drop in the average storage hot water temperature until the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 reaches a high temperature. It is to be noted that the opening/closing operations on the two-way valves 40 and 41 are made of course by the controller 23 according to the temperature sensed by the sensor 22.
  • Figure 5 shows a heat pump type hot water supply system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5A is a schematic circuit diagram of an essential part
  • Figure 5B is a schematic circuit diagram of the essential part using the selector means 15 shown in Figure 4 .
  • the supply water inlet 5 of the storage tank 3 in Figure 1 is used as a water outlet 10
  • the water outlet 10 of the storage tank 3 in Figure 1 is used as a flow return port 43.
  • the low-temperature storage water flows out of the storage tank 3 through the water outlet 10 doubling as the supply water inlet 5 to the circulation line 12 and is heated up by the heat exchange line 14 in the circulation line 12, and the water heated up to a high temperature is returned to the storage tank 3 through the selector means 15 and the hot water inlet 11.
  • the controller 23 (not shown in this embodiment), like the heat pump type hot water supply system of Figure 1 , causes the selector means 15 to change to the position in which the water in the circulation line 12 flows through the bypass line 17.
  • the opening which functions as the water outlet 10 in Figure 1 is used as the flow return port 43 so that the water is returned to the storage tank 3 through the bypass line 17. Since the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 5B uses the two-way valves 40 and 41 instead of the three-way valve 16, it can perform the same operations as the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 5A .
  • Figure 6 shows a heat pump type hot water supply system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6A is a schematic circuit diagram of an essential part
  • Figure 6B is a schematic circuit diagram of the essential part using the selector means 15 shown in Figure 4 .
  • the flow return port 43 is formed in the vertically intermediate portion of the side wall of the storage tank 3, and is connected to the bypass line 17 connecting to the selector means 15. Therefore, in the normal operation, the low-temperature storage water flows out of the storage tank 3 through the water outlet 10 to the circulation line 12 and is heated up by the heat exchange line 14 in the circulation line 12, and the water heated up to a high temperature is returned to the storage tank 3 through the selector means 15 and the hot water inlet 11.
  • the controller 23 (not shown in this embodiment), like the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 1 , causes the selector means 15 to change positions.
  • the water in the circulation line 12 flows through the bypass line 17, and is returned to the storage tank 3 through the bypass line 17 and the flow return port 43.
  • the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 6B uses the two-way valves 40 and 41 instead of the three-way valve 16, it can perform the same operations as the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 6A .
  • the heat pump type hot water supply systems shown in Figures 5 and 6 can also have the same effect as the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 1 , i.e., the effect of preventing drop in the average storage hot water temperature by avoiding the return of the water from the heat exchange line 14 to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11 until the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 reaches a high temperature.
  • Figure 7 shows a heat pump type hot water supply system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7A is a schematic circuit diagram of an essential part
  • Figure 7B is a schematic circuit diagram of the essential part using the selector means 15 shown in Figure 4 .
  • the bypass line 17 is not connected to the storage tank 3, but the water entering the bypass line 17 is drained (discharged) to the outside.
  • the low-temperature storage water flows out of the storage tank 3 through the water outlet 10 to the circulation line 12 and is heated up by the heat exchange line 14 in the circulation line 12, and the water heated up to a high temperature is returned to the storage tank 3 through the selector means 15 and the hot water inlet 11.
  • the controller 23 (not shown in this embodiment), like the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 1 , causes the selector means 15 to change positions.
  • the water in the circulation line 12 flows through the bypass line 17, and is then drained to the outside through the bypass line 17.
  • the drained water may be discharged directly to sewers or may be discharged after being used for washing or any other purposes.
  • the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 7 can also have the same effect, i.e., the effect of preventing drop in the average storage hot water temperature by avoiding the return of the water from the heat exchange line 14 to the storage tank 3 through the hot water inlet 11 until the heated water temperature of the heat exchange line 14 reaches a high temperature. Since the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 7B uses the selector means 15 shown in Figure 4 , it can perform the same operations as the heat pump type hot water supply system shown in Figure 7A .
  • the set point as a reference for the changeover between the normal water heating operation and the bypass operation can be freely preset.
  • the set point is preferably set around the temperature in the upper part of the storage tank 3, and more preferably set at about 85°C.
  • the position of the flow return port 43 can be freely changed so long as it is not above the vertically middle point of the side wall of the storage tank 3.
  • the subcooling heat exchanger 27 and/or the receiver 28 may be omitted from the heat source unit 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur, qui comprend une cuve de stockage d'eau chaude (3), une conduite de dérivation (17), et une conduite de circulation (12) reliant une sortie d'eau (10) dans la partie inférieure de la cuve de stockage (3) à une entrée d'eau chaude (11) dans la partie supérieure de celle-ci, la conduite de circulation (12) étant pourvue, à mi-chemin le long de celle-ci, d'une conduite d'échange de chaleur (14) destinée à être chauffée par une source de chaleur à pompe à chaleur, et dans laquelle de l'eau chauffée dans la conduite d'échange de chaleur (14) est réalimentée dans la cuve de stockage d'eau chaude (3) par l'entrée d'eau chaude (11), l'installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur comprenant un moyen de sélection (15),
    caractérisée en ce que
    la cuve de stockage d'eau chaude (3) comprend : un orifice de retour de flux (43) formé dans une partie de la paroi extérieure de la cuve de stockage d'eau chaude (3) située en dessous du milieu dans le sens vertical de la cuve de stockage d'eau chaude (3), le moyen de sélection (15) permettant à l'eau sortant de la conduite de dérivation (17) de retourner dans la cuve de stockage d'eau chaude (3) par l'orifice de retour de flux (43) quand la température de l'eau chauffée de la conduite d'échange de chaleur (14) est égale ou inférieure à une valeur de consigne et permettant aussi à l'eau sortant de la conduite d'échange de chaleur (14) de retourner dans la cuve de stockage d'eau chaude (3) par l'entrée d'eau chaude (11) quand la température de l'eau chauffée de la conduite d'échange de chaleur (14) dépasse la valeur de consigne.
EP10008096.9A 2001-09-28 2002-09-27 Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur Expired - Lifetime EP2241829B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001302126A JP2003106653A (ja) 2001-09-28 2001-09-28 ヒートポンプ式給湯装置
EP02021700A EP1298395B1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2002-09-27 Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02021700.6 Division 2002-09-27
EP02021700A Division EP1298395B1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2002-09-27 Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2241829A2 EP2241829A2 (fr) 2010-10-20
EP2241829A3 EP2241829A3 (fr) 2016-06-15
EP2241829B1 true EP2241829B1 (fr) 2017-09-13

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EP02021700A Expired - Lifetime EP1298395B1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2002-09-27 Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur
EP10008096.9A Expired - Lifetime EP2241829B1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2002-09-27 Installation à eau chaude avec pompe à chaleur

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JP (1) JP2003106653A (fr)
AT (1) ATE498803T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60239177D1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2241829A3 (fr) 2016-06-15
JP2003106653A (ja) 2003-04-09
EP1298395A3 (fr) 2004-01-14
DE60239177D1 (de) 2011-03-31
EP2241829A2 (fr) 2010-10-20
EP1298395B1 (fr) 2011-02-16
EP1298395A2 (fr) 2003-04-02
ATE498803T1 (de) 2011-03-15

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