EP2176525B1 - Dispositif d'actionnement - Google Patents
Dispositif d'actionnement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2176525B1 EP2176525B1 EP08784975A EP08784975A EP2176525B1 EP 2176525 B1 EP2176525 B1 EP 2176525B1 EP 08784975 A EP08784975 A EP 08784975A EP 08784975 A EP08784975 A EP 08784975A EP 2176525 B1 EP2176525 B1 EP 2176525B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuating
- unit
- elements
- coil
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to an actuating device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- An actuating device in which an actuation process of an actuating element is performed on the basis of energizing a coil.
- the invention has for its object to perform with the help of an operating unit with the saving of space, components and costs in a reliable operation operations of multiple actuators.
- the object is achieved in each case by the features of the independent claims, wherein further embodiments of the invention can be taken from the subclaims.
- the invention is based on an actuating device with at least one electric and / or electromagnetic actuating unit.
- At least two actuation processes carried out by different actuation elements of the actuation unit are assigned to at least two different electrical and / or electromagnetic states of the actuation unit.
- Electrical and / or electromagnetic actuator unit should be understood in particular a unit which performs at least one actuation operation due to at least one electrical and / or electromagnetic process.
- An "actuating process” is to be understood as meaning in particular a process in which a unit and / or an element is moved relative to a further unit and / or a further element.
- An “actuating element” is to be understood in particular as an element which is involved in an actuating process.
- An electrical and / or electromagnetic "state” is understood in particular to mean values of a current density vector component and / or an electromagnetic field strength sensor and / or a charge density within the actuating device and in particular at the remaining spatial points in conjunction with the spatial coordinates associated with the values.
- “Different” electrical and / or electromagnetic states should be understood to mean, in particular, states which differ in that at least one component of the current density vector and / or the electromagnetic field strength sensor and / or the charge density have different signs at a spatial point.
- the actuating unit can be made compact.
- the actuation processes are associated with different current flow directions that represent different electrical states in the above-mentioned sense.
- a "current flow direction” is to be understood as meaning in particular a direction of a current flow. This can be an electrical and / or electromagnetic device, which may be in particular a coil and / or a coil unit can be saved.
- the actuating unit has at least one coil unit which is provided for energizing with different current flow directions.
- "Provided” is to be understood in particular to be specially equipped and / or designed. With a corresponding embodiment of the invention, a simple construction of the actuating unit can be achieved.
- the actuating unit has at least one acceleration unit, which is provided to accelerate at least one of the actuating elements.
- An "acceleration of an actuating element” should in particular be understood to mean an acceleration of the actuating element relative to at least one part of the acceleration unit and / or relative to at least one part of the actuating unit, which may in particular be a coil. With an embodiment according to the invention, an actuating operation can be carried out quickly.
- the acceleration unit is at least partially identical to a coil unit of the actuating unit.
- a simple sequence of an actuating operation can be achieved.
- At least one of the actuating elements has an active magnetic element.
- An "active magnetic element” is to be understood in particular as meaning both an electromagnetic element and a permanent magnet.
- actuation processes are assigned identical actuation directions, wherein the actuation processes associated with identical actuation directions are assigned to two different actuation elements.
- An "actuating direction" is to be understood in particular a direction in which an actuating element is moved in an actuating operation relative to parts of the actuating unit and / or the coil unit and is particularly advantageous moved by the coil unit.
- actuation processes can be carried out in spaced-apart spatial regions.
- the actuating unit comprises at least one magnetic, electrical and / or electromagnetic stabilizing element, which is intended to effect a retention of at least one of the actuating elements in at least one stable position.
- an actuating operation can be extended in time.
- the actuating unit has an active magnetic element which is at least partially identical to the stabilizing element.
- an active magnetic element which is at least partially identical to the stabilizing element.
- the actuating unit has a securing unit which is provided to allow one of the actuating operations at an operating time exclusively one of the actuating elements. This can be prevented in particular a possible simultaneous operation operations destroying at least one actuating element and / or actuated by an actuator component.
- the actuating unit has at least one coil unit and at least one active magnetic element, which together at least partially form the securing unit. This can be achieved with a guarantee of safe operation, a simple construction.
- the actuating unit has at least one mechanical, pneumatic and / or hydraulic energy storage element which is provided to accelerate at least one actuating element during an actuating operation.
- the actuating unit has at least one mechanical, pneumatic and / or hydraulic energy storage element which is provided to accelerate at least one actuating element during an actuating operation.
- the actuating device according to the invention is suitable for various fields of application which appear meaningful to a person skilled in the art; however, the actuating device particularly advantageously forms an internal combustion engine actuating device, in particular for a valve train switching unit.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through an actuator with an electric and electromagnetic actuator unit 10.
- the actuator unit 10 has two actuators 12, 14.
- the actuating elements 12, 14 each have a main extension direction, wherein the two main directions of extension are identical to one another.
- the actuating elements 12, 14 each have at one end an active magnetic element 20, 21, which is designed as a permanent magnet.
- the two ends of the active elements 20, 21 face each other.
- An extension of a south pole 36 to a north pole 38 of the active element 20 points in the same direction as an extension of a north pole 42 to a south pole 40 of the active element 21, for which reason the two active elements 20, 21 are oppositely poled.
- the active elements 20, 21 each have the shape of a straight hollow cylinder.
- Base and top surfaces of the hollow cylinder are perpendicular to the main directions of extension.
- the bases of the hollow elements designed as active elements 20, 21 are located in a common plane. This plane intersects a coil unit 16, which has a coil 17 (FIG. FIG. 3 ) having.
- the coil unit 16 is further cut from a mid-perpendicular to two centers of mass of the active elements 20, 21, which is parallel to the bases.
- the coil unit 16 is arranged next to the active elements 20, 21 such that by means of a through the coil 17th generated magnetic field forces on the active elements 20, 21 are exercisable.
- the actuating elements 12, 14 have identical actuating directions 22, 24, which extend parallel to their main extension direction and from the active elements 20, 21 in each case to an opposite end of the active elements 20, 21.
- the actuating unit 10 thus comprises an acceleration unit 18, which is partially identical to the coil unit 16.
- Movement of one of the actuators 12, 14 relative to the coil unit 16 in the actuation directions 22, 24 is an actuation associated with the moving actuator 12, 14. Since the actuators 12, 14 are accelerated by means of different current flow directions, the actuation processes are associated with different current flow directions.
- a current flow direction represents an electric and electromagnetic state of the operating unit 10. Accordingly, two operating operations performed by the different operating elements 12, 14 of the operating unit 10 are associated with at least two of the different electrical and electromagnetic states of the operating unit 10.
- One of the actuating operations carried out by one of the actuators 12, 14 is associated with this actuator 12, 14.
- the two Actuators 12, 14 carry out their associated actuation operations in the same direction of actuation 22, 24. Accordingly, at least two of the actuation operations are associated with the identical actuation directions 22, 24, wherein the identical actuation directions 22, 24 associated with actuation operations two different of the actuators 12, 14 are assigned.
- the actuating unit 10 comprises two magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic stabilizing elements 26, 27.
- the stabilizing elements 26 and 27 are intended to effect the retention of the actuating elements 12 and 14 in at least one stable position 28 and 29, respectively.
- the stabilizing elements 26 and 27 are identical to the active elements 20, 21.
- a movement of the actuating elements 12, 14 relative to the coil unit 16 is limited in the operating direction 22 by surfaces of a wrapping unit 46.
- the wrapping unit 46 encloses the actuators 12, 14. Since the surfaces are at least partially formed of a material that can exert a force on a permanent magnet, the active elements 20, 21 are attracted to the surfaces and an underlying material and so in one stable position 34 ( FIG. 4 ) held.
- a movement of one of the actuating elements 12, 14 in the opposite direction of the actuating direction 22 is limited by a holding unit 44, which is connected to the coil unit 16. Since the holding unit 44 is at least partially formed of a material which can exert a force on a permanent magnet, the stabilizing element 26, 27 causes by means of a force exerted on it by the holding unit 44 a retention of the actuating element 12, 14 in the maximum in the Counter direction of the actuating direction 22 deflected stable position 28, 29th
- the relevant actuating element 12, 14 is moved back into the stable position 28 or 29 again. After that, there is an energization of the coil ( FIG. 3 ) with a current flow direction opposite to the current flow direction used to accelerate the actuator 12, 14.
- the actuating unit 10 therefore has a securing unit 30 in the form of the coil 17 (FIG. FIG. 3 ) and the active elements 20, 21, which is intended to permit one of the actuation operations at a time of operation of only one of the actuators 12, 14.
- the actuating unit 10 has two mechanical energy storage elements 32, 33 designed as helical springs, which are provided to accelerate the actuating elements 12, 14 relative to the coil unit during the actuation processes.
- the coil springs are disposed between the actuators 12, 14 and the support unit 44 and, when the actuators 12, 14 are in the stable positions 28, 29, are in a compressed state.
- one of the energy storage elements 32, 33 decompresses and accelerates one of the actuation elements 12, 14.
- FIG. 2 shows a top view of an actuator in the operating direction 22.
- the holding unit 44 partially covers the coil unit 16, the wrapping unit 46 and the actuators 12, 14.
- Two completed half-planes 48, 50 are in the figure projected.
- the half-planes 48, 50 intersect in a straight line bounding the two half-planes 48, 50 in planes in which the half-planes 48, 50 extend.
- the straight line cuts the coil unit in the middle.
- the half-plane 48 intersects the actuating element 14 in the center, the other half-plane 50 intersects the actuating element 12 in the center.
- FIG. 3 shows the actuating device in a section along the half-planes 48, 50 (FIG. FIG. 2 ), so that the coil unit 16 and the actuators 12, 14 are visible.
- the coil unit 16 has the coil 17.
- the actuators 12, 14 are in the stable positions 28, 29.
- the coil 17 may be at a position in a direction orthogonal to the actuation direction 22 (FIG. FIG. 1 ) Power and thus trigger an actuation operation of the actuating elements 12, 14.
- the coil 17 may also conduct in the opposite direction to the orthogonal direction current, thereby triggering an actuation operation of the other actuator 12, 14.
- FIG. 4 shows the actuator in a as in FIG. 3 executed cut.
- the actuating element 12 is completely deflected in the actuating direction 22. It is therefore arranged in the stable position 34.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Dispositif d'actionnement pour une unité de commande de soupape d'un moteur à combustion interne avec au moins une unité d'actionnement électrique et / ou électromagnétique (10) qui présente au moins deux éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) mobiles qui présentent à chaque extrémité un élément (20, 21) magnétique actif conçu comme un aimant permanent et qui sont de polarité opposée, les opérations d'actionnement des différents éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) étant associées au moins à deux états électriques et / ou électromagnétiques différents de l'unité d'actionnement (10), l'unité d'actionnement (10) présentant au moins un ensemble bobine (16) qui est destiné à l'alimentation dans différents sens de flux de courant qui représentent les différents états électriques et / ou électromagnétiques de l'unité d'actionnement (10), caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble bobine (16) est disposé à proximité des éléments actifs (20, 21) de telle sorte qu'au moyen d'un champ magnétique généré par une bobine (17) de l'ensemble bobine (16), des forces puissent s'exercer sur les éléments actifs (20, 21), lors d'une alimentation de la bobine (17) dans un sens de flux de courant l'un des éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) est activé par rapport à l'ensemble bobine (16) et lors d'une alimentation dans un sens de flux de courant opposé en raison de la polarité opposée des éléments actifs (20, 21) l'autre élément d'actionnement (12, 14) est activé.
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne caractérisé en ce que les opérations d'actionnement sont associées aux différents sens de flux de courant.
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'actionnement présente au moins une unité d'activation (18) destinée à activer au moins l'un des éléments d'actionnement (12, 14).
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'activation (18) avec un ensemble bobine (16) est au moins partiellement identique à l'unité d'actionnement (16).
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux des opérations d'actionnement sont associées à des dispositifs d'actionnement identiques (22, 24), les opérations d'actionnement associées à des dispositifs d'actionnement identiques (22, 24) sont associées à deux éléments d'actionnement différents (12, 14).
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'actionnement (10) comprend au moins un élément de stabilisation (26, 27) électrique et / ou électromagnétique qui est destiné à contraindre au moins un des éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) à demeurer au moins dans une position stable (28, 29, 34).
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'entraînement présente un élément (20, 21) magnétique qui est au moins partiellement identique à l'élément de stabilisation (26, 27).
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'actionnement (10) présente une unité de sécurité (30) prévue pour permettre exclusivement à l'un des éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) l'une des opérations d'actionnement à un moment de fonctionnement.
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'entraînement présente au moins un ensemble bobine (16) et au moins un élément (20, 21) magnétique actif qui forme conjointement au moins partiellement l'unité de sécurité (30).
- Dispositif d'actionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'actionnement (10) présente au moins un élément de stockage d'énergie (32) mécanique, pneumatique et / ou hydraulique qui est prévu pour activer au moins l'un des éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) lors d'une opération d'actionnement.
- Procédé d'actionnement pour un dispositif de commande de soupape d'un moteur à combustion interne avec au moins une unité d'actionnement (10) électrique et / ou électromagnétique qui présente au moins deux éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) mobiles qui présentent à chaque extrémité un élément (20, 21) magnétique actif conçu comme un aimant permanent et qui sont de polarité opposée, au moins deux des différents éléments d'actionnement (12, 14) de l'unité d'actionnement (10) réalisant les opérations d'actionnement qui sont au moins associées à deux états électriques et / ou électromagnétiques différents, caractérisé en ce qu'au moyen d'un champ magnétique généré par une bobine (17) d'un ensemble bobine (16) des forces s'exercent sur les éléments actifs (20, 21), lors d'une alimentation de la bobine (17) dans un sens de flux de courant l'un des éléments d'actionnement (17, 14) étant activé par rapport à l'ensemble bobine (16) et lors d'une alimentation dans un sens de flux de courant opposé en raison de la polarité opposée des éléments actifs (20, 21) l'autre élément d'actionnement (12, 14) étant activé.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007037333A DE102007037333A1 (de) | 2007-08-08 | 2007-08-08 | Betätigungsvorrichtung |
PCT/EP2008/006016 WO2009018919A1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-23 | Dispositif d'actionnement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2176525A1 EP2176525A1 (fr) | 2010-04-21 |
EP2176525B1 true EP2176525B1 (fr) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
ID=39968015
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08784975A Active EP2176525B1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-23 | Dispositif d'actionnement |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8235011B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2176525B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5216089B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101772624B (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102007037333A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009018919A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202008015980U1 (de) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-04-29 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Elektromagnetische Aktuatorvorrichtung |
DE102009010949A1 (de) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung |
DE102009056609A1 (de) | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-09 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung |
JP5852918B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-09 | 2016-02-03 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | ソレノイド装置及び電磁継電器 |
DE102013206311A1 (de) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-11-14 | Denso Corporation | Elektromagnetischer Aktor |
JP6035965B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-02 | 2016-11-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 電磁アクチュエータ |
DE102013102241A1 (de) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-11 | Kendrion (Villingen) Gmbh | Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung, insbesondere zur Nockenwellenverstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US9574677B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2017-02-21 | Dayco Ip Holdings, Llc | Solenoid-powered gate valve |
KR102085397B1 (ko) | 2013-05-31 | 2020-04-14 | 데이코 아이피 홀딩스 엘엘시 | 액츄에이터에 의해 이동가능한 스프링 장착 게이트 밸브 |
JP6571083B2 (ja) | 2013-08-30 | 2019-09-04 | デイコ アイピー ホールディングス, エルエルシーDayco Ip Holdings, Llc | ソレノイドアクチュエータによって移動可能なバネ装填式ゲートバルブ |
US10221867B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2019-03-05 | Dayco Ip Holdings, Llc | Flow control for aspirators producing vacuum using the venturi effect |
EP3094900B1 (fr) | 2013-12-11 | 2020-09-16 | Dayco IP Holdings, LLC | Vanne d'arrêt à commande magnétique |
US9583249B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2017-02-28 | Husco Automotive Holdings Llc | Methods and systems for push pin actuator |
US9599246B2 (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2017-03-21 | Dayco Ip Holdings, Llc | Magnetically actuated shut-off valve |
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GB573405A (en) * | 1942-09-14 | 1945-11-20 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Electrical control system |
GB612608A (en) * | 1944-02-14 | 1948-11-16 | Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc | Improvements relating to the precession of gyroscopes and to precession control systems and gyroscopes so controlled |
GB616494A (en) * | 1945-01-23 | 1949-01-21 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electric motor control systems |
GB637785A (en) * | 1945-04-04 | 1950-05-24 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to screwdown control systems for rolling mills |
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GB726878A (en) * | 1953-07-21 | 1955-03-23 | Communications Patents Ltd | Improvements in or relating to flight and navigational training apparatus |
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GB913536A (en) * | 1960-05-31 | 1962-12-19 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Control means for electromagnetically actuated twin horns on road vehicles |
DE3826978A1 (de) | 1988-08-09 | 1990-02-15 | Meyer Hans Wilhelm | Elektromagnetisch betaetigbare stellvorrichtung |
US5070489A (en) * | 1989-08-01 | 1991-12-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Driving circuit for double solenoid focus actuator |
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FR2808375B1 (fr) | 2000-04-27 | 2002-09-06 | Sagem | Actionneur electromagnetique de soupape, de type monobobine |
DE10211395A1 (de) | 2002-03-15 | 2003-10-09 | Ina Schaeffler Kg | Betätigungsmittel für einen schaltbaren Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine |
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DE202004002432U1 (de) | 2004-02-17 | 2005-07-07 | Hawe Hydraulik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnetdoppelventil |
JP2007046498A (ja) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電磁駆動弁 |
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2007
- 2007-08-08 DE DE102007037333A patent/DE102007037333A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-07-23 WO PCT/EP2008/006016 patent/WO2009018919A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-07-23 CN CN2008801019756A patent/CN101772624B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-23 EP EP08784975A patent/EP2176525B1/fr active Active
- 2008-07-23 JP JP2010519355A patent/JP5216089B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-02-05 US US12/658,586 patent/US8235011B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2176525A1 (fr) | 2010-04-21 |
DE102007037333A1 (de) | 2009-02-26 |
US20100180850A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
JP5216089B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
JP2010535962A (ja) | 2010-11-25 |
CN101772624A (zh) | 2010-07-07 |
CN101772624B (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
WO2009018919A1 (fr) | 2009-02-12 |
US8235011B2 (en) | 2012-08-07 |
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