EP0796503B1 - Relais polarise - Google Patents

Relais polarise Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0796503B1
EP0796503B1 EP95941587A EP95941587A EP0796503B1 EP 0796503 B1 EP0796503 B1 EP 0796503B1 EP 95941587 A EP95941587 A EP 95941587A EP 95941587 A EP95941587 A EP 95941587A EP 0796503 B1 EP0796503 B1 EP 0796503B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
coil
coil core
permanent magnets
polarised
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95941587A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0796503A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Kalb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG filed Critical Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG
Publication of EP0796503A1 publication Critical patent/EP0796503A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0796503B1 publication Critical patent/EP0796503B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5805—Connections to printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H01H2051/2218—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature having at least one movable permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polarized relay according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a relay can be used, for example, to control a Commutator motor can be used. This is especially true when the relay has tristable behavior and the three stable states of the relay the motor states "dormant", "clockwise” and “counterclockwise” assigned can be.
  • a polarized relay is known from DE 32 43 266 C2, that of two with their U-shaped cross-section short legs facing first yokes and of this smaller, second yoke enclosed at a distance consists. It is between the first and the second Jochen a permanent magnet with right angles to the large areas the yoke extending magnetic axis.
  • the second yokes also enclose an excitation coil, the one in the direction of the coil axis, rod-shaped Anchor surrounds both of which are outside the excitation coil lying ends are designed as plates that between the pole faces forming the inner faces of the short Legs of the first yokes and the end faces of the second Yokes are slidable.
  • the anchor consists of two in the Middle of the excitation coil radially divided rod halves, between which a helical compression spring is arranged, whose bias is such that the plates of the Armature in the de-energized state of the excitation coil on the pole faces the short leg of the first yoke should rest while in the current-carrying state of the excitation coil, depending either one or the other from the direction of current flow Plate on the corresponding end faces of the second yoke is present.
  • This relay shows using only one excitation coil tristable behavior.
  • this is a very complex process and complicated structure of the relay connected that next to the excitation coil and its two-part armature one Compression spring, two permanent magnets and four yokes.
  • the spring force of the Compression spring by the force of the excitation coil Magnetic field are overcome, which is accordingly requires large excitation currents.
  • This double changeover relay is only for one mono and bistable operation provided. It also has the Disadvantage that the construction of the reflux elements very much a lot of soft iron is required to ensure safe functioning to ensure the necessary magnetic reflux of the relay.
  • the invention has for its object a polarized Relay of the type mentioned to create that at Use only one excitation coil tristable behavior shows that it is simple and with as little as possible Excitation currents triggers switching operations and thus to Control of electrical consumers and / or small mechanical, hydraulic or similar actuating devices, particularly suitable for controlling a commutator motor is.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a polarized Relay with tristable behavior and simple construction can be created using only one excitation coil can, if on the two ends of an electromagnet, that of the excitation coil and the coil core arranged therein is formed, one along its magnetic Axis displaceable permanent magnet is arranged, wherein the two permanent magnets face the end of the coil core with poles of the same name.
  • the coil core In the de-energized state, the coil core is replaced by the permanent magnets magnetically polarized so that an attractive Interaction between the coil core and each of the there are two permanent magnets.
  • the two permanent magnets In this stable rest position of the polarized relay are the two permanent magnets with your own, facing the coil core Poles on one end of the coil core, if not by using spacers or a distance between the electromagnet and the two permanent magnets is forced.
  • the Coil with a direct current acts depending on whose direction in each case on one of the two permanent magnets one attractive and one repulsive on the other magnetic force. The latter becomes repulsive magnetic force at a greater distance from the coil core brought.
  • the relay shows tristable Behavior. This is done by using only one Electromagnets and two permanent magnets reached, whereby only slight forces overcome during the switching operations have to be because of the location of the two permanent magnets exclusively through the acting magnetic forces is determined. There are no spring forces or the like on.
  • the polarized relay according to the invention is therefore suitable for triggering switching processes with low excitation currents, especially for controlling electrical consumers, as well as small mechanical, hydraulic or the like Actuators.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is thereby characterized in that when the excitation coil is de-energized, the two Permanent magnets on each end of the coil core apply and when energizing the coil with a DC current of predetermined strength depending on it Direction of one of the permanent magnets in a predetermined Distance from the coil core can be brought.
  • the switching operations with particularly small magnetic forces are carried out, because the permanent magnets are in the immediate vicinity of the Electromagnets are on and even when de-energized whose front faces are in contact. To ensure a safe Switching process are the permanent magnets and the excitation currents to coordinate with each other.
  • Permanent magnets For attaching relay contacts to the two permanent magnets is at the ends facing away from the coil core Permanent magnets each have a holding plate for the relay contacts intended.
  • the relay is preferably designed that attached to the holding plates of the permanent magnets Relay contacts with currentless coil on identical first potentials are switched and that when energized the excitation coil with a direct current depending from the direction of which one of the relay contacts by magnetic repulsion of the associated permanent magnet can be switched to another, second potential.
  • the excitation coil is wound on a base body, in which the coil core is stationary and in which a permanent magnet on the two ends of the coil core faces that in guides of the base body is slidable along its magnetic axis.
  • the polarized relay according to the invention is in particular for the control device of a commutator motor with a Printed circuit board on which control electronics, the brushes a commutator motor and the polarized relay are usable.
  • This control device for a commutator motor draws themselves in particular by the simple construction and the small space requirement of the polarized relay, which with only one excitation coil energizes the commutator motor controls. Due to the compact design of the relay, the control electronics for the motor, the polarized relay and the brushes of the commutator motor to save space on one Arrange the circuit board. This also leads to a reduction in Manufacturing costs.
  • EP 0 474 904 A1 generally describes a commutator gear drive unit known in which an IC chip, two motor relays and the brushes of the commutator motor a circuit board are arranged, however, this arrangement especially due to the use of two motor relays much more complex and space-consuming than that present control device for a commutator motor.
  • the device according to the invention has compared to the state the technology has the main advantage that through the special simple and compact design of the polarized Relay the control device for the commutator motor as a whole can be produced much cheaper and takes up less space.
  • the necessary contact between those on the circuit board arranged brushes of the commutator motor and the commutator is made possible, for example, by the circuit board has a recess in which the commutator is arranged and in which the brushes of the commutator motor protrude into it.
  • the brushes can be countered with compression springs the commutator are pressed.
  • a particularly compact arrangement of the control for one Commutator motor on a circuit board is possible if the polarized relay right next to the brushes of the Commutator motor is arranged.
  • the design of the polarized relay so to the course of the wall of the Recess for the commutator is adapted that the outer Contour of the relay at least in a section along the Wall of the recess runs. Due to the simple structure of the relay according to the invention, this is with a suitable design of its components (in particular base body and Coil core) possible even if the wall of the recess has a curvature in said section.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention polarized relays.
  • a base body 1 On a base body 1 is one Excitation coil 2 wrapped in a soft iron core as the coil core 3 is arranged stationary. The excitation coil 2 and the coil core 3 thus form an electromagnet.
  • To the two end faces 31, 32 of the coil core 3 is in each case one Permanent magnet 4 and 5 in guides 12 and 13 of the base body 1 along its magnetic axis (A) stored.
  • the permanent magnets 4 and 5 are each one end face 31 or 32 of the coil core 3 with the same name Facing Tru (N).
  • a holding plate 6, 7 for the two-part relay contacts 8, 9 attached At the coil core 3 facing away Ends (south poles S) of the permanent magnets 4, 5 is in each case a holding plate 6, 7 for the two-part relay contacts 8, 9 attached.
  • the relay contacts 8, 9 can be flexible Copper strands 10, 11 for example with the brushes a commutator motor to be conductively connected.
  • the two connections 20, 21 are Excitation coil 2 at the same potential (-), so that the Excitation coil 2 is de-energized.
  • the coil core 3 is then magnetically polarized by the permanent magnets 4, 5, that an attractive magnetic interaction between the coil core 3 and the permanent magnets 4, 5 consists. Therefore, both permanent magnets 4, 5 are with their the coil core 3 facing pole (N) on one of each End faces 31, 32 of the coil core 3.
  • the on the holding plates 6, 7 attached relay contacts 8 and 9 are then with the stationary load contacts 23 and 24 in contact, the are both at negative potential (-). Thereby are also the relay contacts 8, 9 and the associated flexible copper strands 10, 11 switched to the same potential and one connected to the copper strands 10, 11 Consumers would not be energized.
  • Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 also show the embodiment of a polarized relay according to FIG. 1, where now however, the connections 20, 21 of the excitation coil 2 different potentials and the excitation coil 2 is flowed through by a direct current. Because the construction of the polarized relay already detailed in FIG. 1 has been described in Figures 2 and 3 of the For the sake of clarity, only some of the components of the polarized Provide relays with reference symbols.
  • FIG. 4 the control device of a commutator motor shown in which a polarized relay 100 for control the motor is used and its components save space are arranged on a circuit board 50.
  • This compact Construction is primarily due to the particularly simple Structure of the polarized relay allows.
  • the circuit board 50 which is about twice as long as it is wide in its longitudinal direction essentially decays into two sections, one of which is the control electronics 50 and the other with the brushes 52, 53 of the commutator motor and the polarized relay 100, with its Help the energization of the brushes 52, 53 is controlled, is provided.
  • the control electronics 51 include, for example, a microprocessor ( ⁇ C) 61 and an application-specific integrated Circuit (ASIC) 62.
  • the brushes 52, 53 of the Commutator motors are attached to brush holders 58, 59 and protrude into a recess 57 in the circuit board 50, through which the commutator 56 of a commutator motor is guided is. With the help of compression springs 54, 55 the brushes 52, 53 pressed resiliently against the commutator 56.
  • control and power section reduces the risk of interference caused by electromagnetic fields can be caused and thus increases the electromagnetic compatibility of the Systems.
  • the brushes 52, 53 are via flexible copper strands 10, 11 with the relay contacts attached to the holding plates 6, 7 8, 9 connected.
  • the polarized relay is 100 immediately adjacent to the recess 57 next to the Commutator 56 arranged and has the same principle Structure and the same functionality as the above Relay described with reference to Figures 1 to 3.
  • the relay 100 differs from that with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 described only in that the base body 1, which the excitation coil 2 is wound, and the coil core 3 have such a curved shape that the to the recess 57 adjacent outer contour of relay 100 at least in a section along the curved wall of the recess 57 runs.
  • the relay can because of its simple Construction and by suitable shaping of the few components, from which it is made, also to other spatial areas Requirements, such as a rounded end section 65 of the circuit board 50 can be adjusted.
  • the control device therefore enables compared to the state the technology, according to which two relays for controlling a commutator motor are arranged on a circuit board, one significant space and cost savings.
  • relay 100 in controlling the Powering the brushes 52, 53 and thus the direction of rotation the engine does not need to be explained here again because they have already been described above with reference to FIGS until 3 was shown in detail.
  • the control electronics 51 is used to control the input voltage on the excitation coil 2, through which the switching operations are triggered in the polarized relay 100.
  • the invention is not in its scope illustrated embodiments limited, but can also as a control, actuating and drive device for small mechanical, electromechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic or the like. Adjustment devices are used.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un relais polarisé comportant un électro-aimant, qui comprend une bobine d'excitation (2) et un noyau de bobine (3) placé dans la bobine d'excitation (2). Sur chacune des faces terminales de l'électro-aimant, un aimant permanent (4) peut être déplacé le long de son axe magnétique. Les deux électro-aimants font face aux faces terminales de l'électro-aimant, avec des pôles de même polarité. Ce relais qui est de structure très simple et ne comporte qu'une seule bobine d'excitation, a un comportement tristable et s'utilise notamment pour assurer la commande d'un moteur à collecteur.

Claims (14)

  1. Relais polarisé muni d'un électroaimant (2, 3) comprenant un enroulement excitateur (2) et un noyau de bobine (3) logé dans l'enroulement excitateur, notamment pour la commande d'un consommateur électrique et/ou d'un élément structurel mobile mécanique, hydraulique ou pneumatique,
    caractérisé par le fait
    qu'un aimant permanent (4, 5), pouvant coulisser le long de son axe magnétique (A), est respectivement placé aux deux faces extrêmes (31, 32) du noyau de bobine (3) ; et par le fait que les deux aimants permanents (4, 5) sont respectivement tournés, par des pôles (N) de même signe, vers l'une des faces extrêmes (31, 32) du noyau de bobine (3).
  2. Relais polarisé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, lorsque l'enroulement excitateur (2) est privé de courant, les deux aimants permanents (4, 5) sont respectivement appliqués contre une face extrême (31, 32) du noyau de bobine (3) ; et par le fait que, lors d'une alimentation de l'enroulement (2) par un courant continu d'intensité préétablie, l'un respectif des aimants permanents (4, 5) peut être amené par répulsion magnétique, en fonction de la direction dudit courant, à une distance préétablie vis-à-vis du noyau de bobine (3).
  3. Relais polarisé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'une plaque de retenue (6, 7), destinée à des contacts (8, 9) du relais, est respectivement prévue aux extrémités des aimants permanents (4, 5) qui sont tournées à l'opposé du noyau de bobine (3).
  4. Relais polarisé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que, lorsque l'enroulement excitateur (2) est privé de courant, les contacts (8, 9) du relais, fixés aux plaques de retenue (6, 7) des aimants permanents (4, 5), sont connectés à des premiers potentiels identiques (-) ; et par le fait que, lors d'une alimentation de l'enroulement excitateur (2) par un courant continu, l'un respectif des contacts (8, 9) du relais peut être connecté à un second potentiel autre (+), en fonction de la direction dudit courant, par répulsion magnétique de l'aimant permanent (4, 5) associé.
  5. Relais polarisé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que l'enroulement excitateur (2) est bobiné sur un corps de base (1) dans lequel le noyau de bobine (3) est fixé rigidement et dans lequel est respectivement disposé, aux deux faces extrêmes (31, 32) dudit noyau de bobine (3), un aimant permanent (4, 5) pouvant coulisser le long de son axe magnétique (A), dans des guides (12, 13) dudit corps de base (1).
  6. Relais polarisé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les contacts (8, 9) dudit relais sont en liaison conductrice, par l'intermédiaire de tresses flexibles (10, 11) en cuivre, avec les balais d'un moteur à collecteur.
  7. Dispositif de commande pour un moteur à collecteur présentant une plaquette (50) à circuits imprimés sur laquelle sont implantés une électronique de commande (51), les balais (52, 53) d'un moteur à collecteur, et un relais polarisé (100) doté des caractéristiques suivantes :
    (a) un électroaimant comprenant un enroulement excitateur (2) et un noyau de bobine (3) logé dans ledit enroulement excitateur (2) ;
    (b) deux aimants permanents (4, 5) pouvant coulisser le long de leur axe magnétique (A), placés aux deux faces extrêmes (31, 32) du noyau de bobine (3) et respectivement tournés, par des pôles (N) de même signe, vers l'une des faces extrêmes (31, 32) dudit noyau de bobine (3) ; et
    (c) deux contacts (8, 9) du relais, en liaison conductrice avec les balais (52, 53) du moteur à collecteur, et respectivement affectés à l'un des aimants permanents (4, 5).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que, lorsque l'enroulement excitateur (2) est privé de courant, les contacts (8, 9) du relais sont connectés à un premier potentiel (-) ; et par le fait que, lors d'une alimentation dudit enroulement excitateur (2) par un courant continu, l'un respectif des contacts du relais peut être connecté à un second potentiel autre (+), par répulsion magnétique de l'aimant permanent (4, 5) associé, en fonction de la direction dudit courant.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'une plaque de retenue (6, 7), destinée aux contacts (8, 9) du relais, est respectivement fixée aux extrémités des aimants permanents (4, 5) qui sont tournées à l'opposé du noyau de bobine (3).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que l'enroulement excitateur (2) est bobiné sur un corps de base (1) dans lequel le noyau de bobine (3) est fixé rigidement et dans lequel est respectivement logé, aux deux faces extrêmes (31, 32) dudit noyau de bobine (3), un aimant permanent (4, 5) pouvant coulisser le long de son axe magnétique (A), dans des guides (12, 13) dudit corps de base (1).
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que la plaquette (50) à circuits imprimés présente un évidement (57) dans lequel le collecteur (56) est logé, et dans lequel pénètrent les balais (52, 53) du moteur à collecteur.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que le relais polarisé (100) est agencé en juxtaposition directe des balais (52, 53) du moteur à collecteur.
  13. Dispositif selon les revendications 11 et 12, caractérisé par le fait que la configuration du relais polarisé (100) est adaptée au tracé de la paroi de l'évidement (57), de telle sorte que le contour extérieur dudit relais (100) s'étende, au moins dans une région, le long de ladite paroi de l'évidement (57).
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que le contour extérieur du relais polarisé (100) présente au moins une région arquée adaptée à la courbure de l'évidement (57).
EP95941587A 1994-12-06 1995-12-05 Relais polarise Expired - Lifetime EP0796503B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4445069A DE4445069A1 (de) 1994-12-06 1994-12-06 Polarisiertes Relais
DE4445069 1994-12-06
PCT/DE1995/001800 WO1996018203A1 (fr) 1994-12-06 1995-12-05 Relais polarise

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0796503A1 EP0796503A1 (fr) 1997-09-24
EP0796503B1 true EP0796503B1 (fr) 1998-09-16

Family

ID=6536120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95941587A Expired - Lifetime EP0796503B1 (fr) 1994-12-06 1995-12-05 Relais polarise

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5949315A (fr)
EP (1) EP0796503B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4445069A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2122704T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996018203A1 (fr)

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DE19746592A1 (de) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Abb Patent Gmbh Bistabiler, drehbar gelagerter Schnappkörper
ES2144361B1 (es) * 1998-03-17 2001-01-01 Invest Y Transferencia De Tecn Dispositivo de conmutacion remota.
US6870454B1 (en) * 2003-09-08 2005-03-22 Com Dev Ltd. Linear switch actuator
DE102004012156B3 (de) * 2004-03-12 2005-09-15 S-Y Systems Technologies Europe Gmbh Schalter, insbesondere Sicherheitschalter für eine Batterie-Bordnetzverbindung
CN100429867C (zh) * 2004-11-09 2008-10-29 陈国华 可转换极性的输出控制器
US7535129B2 (en) * 2006-05-17 2009-05-19 Twinsource, Llc Method and apparatus for transfer of a critical load from one source to a back up source using magnetically latched relays
FR2929753B1 (fr) * 2008-04-03 2013-09-27 Cedrat Technologies Actionneur magnetique controlable a fer mobile.
FR2981133B1 (fr) * 2011-10-10 2013-10-25 In Lhc Procede de detection de defaillance d'une servovalve et servovalve faisant application.
CN103151219B (zh) * 2011-12-07 2014-12-10 大连理工大学 一种阈值可调三稳态双向碰撞传感器
US9478339B2 (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-10-25 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. Magnetically latching two position actuator and a clutched device having a magnetically latching two position actuator
JP6631068B2 (ja) * 2015-07-27 2020-01-15 オムロン株式会社 接点機構およびこれを用いた電磁継電器
WO2021003602A1 (fr) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-14 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 Actionneur

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CH485207A (fr) * 1967-11-30 1970-01-31 Ebauches Sa Transducteur courant-force à action linéaire
US3995243A (en) * 1974-10-17 1976-11-30 North American Philips Corporation Fault detection indicator
US4315197A (en) * 1980-02-07 1982-02-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Linear magnetic motor/generator
DE3243266C2 (de) * 1981-04-30 1986-06-26 Sds Relais Ag Polarisiertes Relais
DE3546382A1 (de) * 1984-03-08 1987-07-02 Hendel Horst Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches kleinrelais
AT388467B (de) * 1987-08-27 1989-06-26 Schrack Elektronik Ag Relaisantrieb fuer ein polarisiertes relais
IL91041A0 (en) * 1988-07-28 1990-02-09 H U Dev Corp Solenoid actuator
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DE9113469U1 (fr) * 1991-10-25 1992-01-02 Technische Entwicklungen Dr. Becker Gmbh, 5802 Wetter, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996018203A1 (fr) 1996-06-13
DE4445069A1 (de) 1996-06-13
DE59503640D1 (de) 1998-10-22
ES2122704T3 (es) 1998-12-16
EP0796503A1 (fr) 1997-09-24
US5949315A (en) 1999-09-07

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