EP2172704A1 - Petite installation d'allumage - Google Patents

Petite installation d'allumage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2172704A1
EP2172704A1 EP09011995A EP09011995A EP2172704A1 EP 2172704 A1 EP2172704 A1 EP 2172704A1 EP 09011995 A EP09011995 A EP 09011995A EP 09011995 A EP09011995 A EP 09011995A EP 2172704 A1 EP2172704 A1 EP 2172704A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor belt
combustion chamber
air
combustion
biomass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09011995A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2172704B1 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Dipl.-Ing. Flühe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ritter Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ritter Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ritter Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Ritter Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2172704A1 publication Critical patent/EP2172704A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2172704B1 publication Critical patent/EP2172704B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B30/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber
    • F23B30/02—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts
    • F23B30/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone
    • F23B30/08—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone with fuel-supporting surfaces that move through the combustion zone, e.g. with chain grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/80—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone
    • F23G2203/801—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone using conveyors
    • F23G2203/8016—Belt conveyors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a small combustion plant for vegetable biomass according to the preamble of claim 1, with a combustion chamber into which the biomass can be introduced.
  • underfeed firing the fuel is slowly pushed from below into the combustion chamber.
  • a firing station for underfeed firing can be set up simply and robustly and operates reliably and with a relatively low maintenance requirement.
  • the ash is pushed by nachschiebenden pellets over the edge of the burner plate and falls without further aids in an ash box.
  • the level can be measured by means of simple level sensors or light barriers.
  • combustion chambers of fireclay or silicon carbide with cross-sectional constriction to the flame chamber allow high temperatures. This leads to a high efficiency with particularly low emissions.
  • the ember bed is not homogeneous because it consists of unburned, carbonized and glowing pellets at the same time. Therefore, a uniform gas treatment over the entire combustion chamber cross section is not possible. Since the pellets in the conveyor system are always in direct connection with the glow zone, the fuel can no longer burn completely due to lack of air when the system stops. Furthermore, special precautions against a burn-back necessary. In addition, the primary air has a bad attack possibility, since the pellets reach the burner plate in a compacted form.
  • chute firing With the so-called chute firing, the pellets fall from a hopper via a chute onto a grate or into a dish burner. Because the pellet supply is structurally separated from the glow zone, the system can be turned off quickly and with low emissions. In addition, the construction represents a back fire protection, which must be realized in the two other firing systems on partly specially designed rotary valves.
  • a small combustion plant for plant biomass with a combustion chamber into which the biomass can be introduced, characterized in that the biomass is introduced into the combustion chamber by means of an air-permeable conveyor belt.
  • the biomass is guided on the conveyor belt through the combustion chamber and burned on the conveyor belt.
  • the biomass can be introduced into the combustion chamber by means of an air-permeable conveyor belt, the biomass can on the one hand be supplied to the combustion chamber in a simple manner and on the other hand a very good combustion of the biomass is achieved. In particular, a sintering of the resulting slag during combustion is counteracted.
  • combustion residues can be cooled by supplying air. This counteracts a melting of the combustion residues and thus, for example, in the combustion of wood pellets slagging of wood ash. Furthermore, the fact that the biomass is introduced into the combustion chamber on a conveyor belt, prevents the biomass is burned as a pile. This is particularly advantageous, since it is not possible to achieve complete combustion of the wood pellets, especially when burning wood pellets in a heap formation, which favors the formation of soot and tar. These disadvantages occur especially with poor pellet quality.
  • combustion residues can also be easily removed from the combustion chamber. Because the arrangement of the biomass on the conveyor belt, the combustion residues from the combustion chamber can be removed in the same manner as the combustion chamber biomass is supplied.
  • the conveyor belt only needs to be dimensioned so that it leads out of the combustion chamber, whereby the combustion residues can be dropped into a arranged at the end of the conveyor belt collecting container.
  • the conveyor belt advantageously has ceramic fibers or ceramic platelets. As a result, an air permeability of the conveyor belt can be achieved in a simple manner.
  • the conveyor belt completely consists of ceramic fibers or ceramic platelets, in particular of a tear-resistant ceramic fabric.
  • the ceramic fabric preferably has in the transport direction of the conveyor belt extending warp threads and at right angles to the warp threads running weft threads.
  • Such a ceramic fabric is high temperature resistant and extremely resistant to molten metal drops. Furthermore, it is characterized by a high mechanical stability and a high load capacity in temperature shocks.
  • the conveyor belt Due to the design of the conveyor belt made of ceramic fabric a very good air permeability is achieved. It is particularly advantageous that the air penetrates not only at individual points through the conveyor belt, but substantially flat, that is approximately evenly distributed. As a result, combustion residues lying on the conveyor belt can be cooled very well, which counteracts slagging, in particular, of the wood ash produced during the combustion of wood pellets. Furthermore, the air flowing through the tissue of a better gasification and thus a better combustion of the biomass. The air supplied thus not only counteracts slagging of the combustion residues but also improves the combustion.
  • the conveyor belt is guided over a support, which has first air outlet openings.
  • air can be easily guided through the conveyor belt. Because the air flowing through the first air outlet openings penetrates the conveyor belt.
  • a distribution of the air emerging from the first air outlet openings takes place in an advantageous manner. As a result, arranged on the conveyor belt combustion residues are cooled evenly.
  • the support at least partially forms the wall of a cavity having an air supply port.
  • a multiplicity of first air outlet openings can be supplied with air. If air is supplied to the cavity via the air supply connection, it exits through the first air outlet openings and penetrates the air-permeable conveyor belt.
  • the cavity is formed in cross-section U-shaped with mutually bent leg ends.
  • the combustion of the biomass lying on the conveyor belt can supply additional air, whereby the combustion is improved.
  • the bent leg ends need only have second air outlet openings at their front sides, which are preferably designed as nozzles.
  • the lying on the conveyor belt burning biomass thus receives from below through the conveyor belt passing air and laterally from the second air outlet openings exiting air. This has a very beneficial effect on the combustion process, that is, there is an almost complete combustion of the biomass, which has a very high efficiency and a very low emission result.
  • the combustion chamber is surrounded by an insulation, which forms an annular gap with the combustion chamber, one end of which is connected to the air supply port.
  • the air supplied to the combustion chamber that is, the air passing through the first and second air outlet openings, are sucked through the annular gap, whereby the air is heated or the combustion chamber is cooled very effectively.
  • the heating of the combustion chamber supplied air has a very beneficial effect on the combustion process. Since the temperature of the preheated air is very low compared to the temperature of the combustion residues, the combustion residues can still be cooled very well by the preheated air.
  • the conveyor belt is deflected in the transport direction behind the combustion chamber and in the region of the deflection point a scraper is arranged.
  • a scraper is arranged on the conveyor belt combustion residues fall from the conveyor belt.
  • the scraper prevents residues from sticking to the conveyor belt. This is very advantageous since combustion residues adhering to the conveyor belt have an adverse effect on the air permeability of the conveyor belt and thus a worse combustion of the biomass and a sintering of the combustion residues takes place.
  • FIG. 1 can be removed, according to the invention formed a small combustion plant on a combustion chamber 1, are arranged in the deflections 1 a.
  • a conveyor belt 3 is arranged, by means of which wood pellets 2 are transported into or through the combustion chamber 1.
  • the wood pellets 2 are located in a pellet storage container 2a, at the lower end of a gas and pressure-tight pellet lock 11 is arranged.
  • a scraper 8 is arranged, by means of which on the conveyor belt 3 adhering combustion residues from the conveyor belt 3 can be scraped.
  • an ash collection container 12 is arranged, in which combustion residues can be introduced.
  • the ash collecting container 12 is connected via a gas and pressure-tight ash sluice 18 to the combustion chamber 1. Furthermore, keeping the combustion chamber 1, a hot water tank 13 is arranged, is contained in the water, which by means of a in FIG. 1 not shown heat exchanger whose heat carrier is heated in the combustion chamber 1, is heated.
  • the combustion chamber 1 further has a second air supply 19, which further mixes the combustion gases with combustion air (secondary air) and thereby enables almost complete combustion.
  • the combustion chamber 1 is sheathed with a ceramic inner combustion chamber insulation 14.
  • the combustion chamber still has an outer insulation 9, which is arranged at a distance from the inner combustion chamber insulation 14, so that between the inner Brennschisvltechnik 14 and the outer insulation 9, an annular gap 10 is present.
  • the annular gap 10 opens above the combustion chamber 1 in an air intake 15, through which an exhaust pipe 16 of the combustion chamber 1 is guided.
  • the annular gap 10 also opens at its lower end 10a into a suction line 17a a blower 17.
  • An output line 17b of the blower 17 is in an in FIG. 1 not shown connected to an air supply port 7 of a cavity 6 of a box, which forms a support 4 for the conveyor belt 3.
  • FIG. 2 can be removed, the conveyor belt 3, which consists of a fabric made of ceramic fibers, on a first air outlet openings 5a having wall of the box, the interior of which forms the cavity 6.
  • air can be introduced via the air supply port.
  • the box is U-shaped in cross-section, wherein the ends of the legs 6a, 6b are bent to each other. At the end sides of the bent leg ends 6a, 6b second air outlet openings 5b are arranged, which are formed as nozzles. The nozzles are aligned so that air escaping from them flows onto the conveyor belt 3.
  • FIG. 3 it is shown that the support 4, on which the conveyor belt 3 rests, the first air outlet openings 5a has. Air exiting from the first air outlet openings 5a thus flows through the conveyor belt 3. As a result, combustion residues arranged on the conveyor belt 3 are cooled. Furthermore, the air passing through the conveyor belt 3 promotes the combustion of the wood pellets arranged on the conveyor belt 3.
  • wood pellets 2 are placed on the conveyor belt 3 on the pellet lock. Moves the conveyor belt 3, the wood pellets 2 are placed flat on the conveyor belt 3.
  • the wood pellets 2 are guided into the combustion chamber 1. There they will be lit and burned.
  • the combustion is through the passing through the first air outlet openings 5a and the conveyor belt 3 passing Air and the passing through the second air outlet openings 5b passing air favors. Since the air was previously passed through the annular gap 10, it is heated, which further promotes combustion. Furthermore, the combustion residues are cooled by the air exiting from the first air outlet openings 5a.
  • the combustion can be divided into different zones.
  • the air supply can be adapted to the different zones.
  • the air supply can be optimally adjusted to the ignition of the wood pellets.
  • the air supply can be optimally adapted to the combustion.
  • the wood pellets are dried at the entrance of the combustion chamber 1 in a drying zone.
EP09011995A 2008-10-02 2009-09-21 Petite installation de chauffage Not-in-force EP2172704B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008050239A DE102008050239A1 (de) 2008-10-02 2008-10-02 Kleinfeuerungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2172704A1 true EP2172704A1 (fr) 2010-04-07
EP2172704B1 EP2172704B1 (fr) 2011-12-21

Family

ID=41460493

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09011995A Not-in-force EP2172704B1 (fr) 2008-10-02 2009-09-21 Petite installation de chauffage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2172704B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE538346T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008050239A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2379442T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103225802A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2013-07-31 刘曜 一种汽、热、炭三联供生物质燃烧装置
DE102012020929A1 (de) * 2012-10-25 2014-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerät

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011102678A1 (de) 2011-05-28 2012-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dosiervorrichtung zum Dosieren von Holzbrennstoffpellets

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2795200A (en) * 1952-02-27 1957-06-11 Babcock & Wilcox Co Apparatus for burning solid fuel
GB835979A (en) 1958-06-27 1960-06-01 Int Combustion Holdings Ltd Improvements in or relating to travelling stokers for shell type boilers
GB932744A (en) * 1960-03-02 1963-07-31 Vorkauf Heinrich Improvements in furnaces for the combustion of solid fuels
GB973244A (en) 1960-02-05 1964-10-21 Ivor John Conibear Improvements in furnaces fitted with chain grate stokers
DE1508573A1 (de) * 1966-11-30 1969-10-30 Hein Lehmann Ag Gleitvorrichtung fuer Metallfoerderbaender in Industrieoefen
US4475468A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-10-09 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Incinerator with moving-bed stoker
US20040043348A1 (en) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-04 Austin's Pizza Oven conveyor and method thereof
WO2006117579A1 (fr) 2005-05-02 2006-11-09 FOCK, József Procede et appareil pour gazeifier et bruler des granules faites a partir de plantes herbacees

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE584873C (de) * 1931-12-16 1933-09-25 Karl Wiedelmann Dipl Ing Verfahren zum Betriebe von mechanisch bewegten Rostfeuerungen
FR2542066A1 (fr) * 1983-03-03 1984-09-07 Fives Cail Babcock Procede pour bruler des charbons gonflants en lit fluidise a grille mecanique mobile, et foyer adapte a la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2795200A (en) * 1952-02-27 1957-06-11 Babcock & Wilcox Co Apparatus for burning solid fuel
GB835979A (en) 1958-06-27 1960-06-01 Int Combustion Holdings Ltd Improvements in or relating to travelling stokers for shell type boilers
GB973244A (en) 1960-02-05 1964-10-21 Ivor John Conibear Improvements in furnaces fitted with chain grate stokers
GB932744A (en) * 1960-03-02 1963-07-31 Vorkauf Heinrich Improvements in furnaces for the combustion of solid fuels
DE1508573A1 (de) * 1966-11-30 1969-10-30 Hein Lehmann Ag Gleitvorrichtung fuer Metallfoerderbaender in Industrieoefen
US4475468A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-10-09 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Incinerator with moving-bed stoker
US20040043348A1 (en) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-04 Austin's Pizza Oven conveyor and method thereof
WO2006117579A1 (fr) 2005-05-02 2006-11-09 FOCK, József Procede et appareil pour gazeifier et bruler des granules faites a partir de plantes herbacees

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012020929A1 (de) * 2012-10-25 2014-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerät
CN103225802A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2013-07-31 刘曜 一种汽、热、炭三联供生物质燃烧装置
CN103225802B (zh) * 2013-05-14 2015-07-15 刘曜 一种汽、热、炭三联供生物质燃烧装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2379442T3 (es) 2012-04-26
DE102008050239A1 (de) 2010-04-08
ATE538346T1 (de) 2012-01-15
EP2172704B1 (fr) 2011-12-21

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