Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
  • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
  • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
  • D06B11/0073—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F17/00—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F17/00—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for
  • B41F17/001—Pad printing apparatus or machines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F17/00—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for
  • B41F17/08—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for for printing on filamentary or elongated articles, or on articles with cylindrical surfaces
  • B41F17/10—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for for printing on filamentary or elongated articles, or on articles with cylindrical surfaces on articles of indefinite length, e.g. wires, hoses, tubes, yarns
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
  • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
  • D06B11/0056—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics
  • D06B11/0066—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fabrics by spaced contacts with a member carrying a single treating material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
  • F16L57/06—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against wear
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
  • Y10T428/1362—Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
  • Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
  • Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
  • Y10T428/1393—Multilayer [continuous layer]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of applying an elastomer to a sheath.
• the invention relates to a protective sheath and more particularly, a textile sheath (that is to say an interlaced son sheath) placed at length, coated with an elastomer layer obtained by this method.
• the present invention finds its application in the textile ducts used for the protection of exhaust gas circulation tubes in the automobile (EGR tubes or Exhaust Gas Recycling).
• EGR tubes or Exhaust Gas Recycling These textile sheaths, generally knitted, are obtained by cold cutting in longitudinal sections of predetermined length of a textile sheath of great length, which can measure several meters.
• the sheath is deformed at the ends and loses its protection characteristics when installed around a tube or pipe.
• a solution to clean the sheath after its length is to pass the sheath on vibrating tables, so that it loses the portions of mesh detached from the sheath.
• This solution does not achieve satisfactory depollution rates, since the mesh portions detached from the sheath remain attached to the sheath and detach during transport of the sheath, or once the sheath installed.
• this solution does not prevent the deformation of the sheath, or the fraying of the ends.
• US 5 186 992 discloses a method for avoiding fraying the ends of the sheath after cutting.
• the method consists in applying an elastomer by passing the sheath in a liquid bath of elastomer.
• the elastomer-coated sheath is then dried in a hot air oven at a temperature of about 150 ° C.
• the elastomer layer obtained by this method is not uniform and has a thickness greater than the thickness required. This involves excessive elastomer expense, as well as inaccurate application of the elastomer.
• the heating of the sheath can cause the deformation of the sheath involving changes in the dimensions of the sheath and its elastic capacity.
• the present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks and proposes a method of applying an elastomer on a sheath to reduce the pollution produced by the sheath placed to length, as well as the fraying at the ends and the deformation of the ends. of the sheath.
• the present invention aims in a first aspect a method of applying an elastomer to an interlaced son sheath, comprising a step of pad printing an elastomer layer on a portion of the sheath, the elastomer layer being adapted to bond interlaced son of the sheath.
• the elastomer layer deposited by pad printing is uniform and of adequate thickness, avoiding the excess elastomer. This involves saving the elastomer used, and makes the elastomer deposition more accurate. In addition, the elastomer economy used is even higher than the elastomer is deposited on sheath portions and not over the entire length of the sheath.
• the ends of the sheath remain fixed and do not deform.
• the ends do not deform (even if the pipe or pipe reaches high temperatures).
• the sheath is textile, the pollution due to the portions of filaments detached from the sheath is greatly reduced.
• the pad printing deposition step is performed on a portion of a first face of the sheath laid flat.
• the sheath is laid flat and an elastomer layer is deposited on a sheath portion located on one face of the sheath.
• This method can thus be implemented easily with the aid of a buffer applicable on a flat face of the sheath.
• the method further comprises a second step of deposition by pad printing of an elastomer layer on a portion of a second face of the flattened sheath.
• an elastomer layer may be deposited on sheath portions located on both sides of the sheath.
• the portions of the first and second faces are disposed substantially in the same transverse portion of the sheath. Therefore, when the sheath is for example tubular, a transverse sheath portion is coated with the elastomeric layer all around the tubular surface.
• the method comprises a step of controlling the mechanical tension of the sheath in the longitudinal direction.
• the mechanical tension of the sheath is controlled so that the sheath is not stretched or released in excess, so that the elastomer deposition is performed in a uniform and effective manner. Therefore, when the sheath is textile, the spaces between the interwoven son are fixed and determined so that the sheath is coated with an elastomer layer adapted to stick the son intertwined with each other without the intertwined son of the first face of the sheath are glued to the intertwined threads of the second face.
• the elastomer is polychloroprene.
• This type of elastomer thus has suitable viscosity characteristics for use on a plate and a buffer in the pad printing deposition step.
• the deposited elastomer layer is uniform and dries instantly. Thus, it is not necessary to heat the sheath to dry and it is possible to cut the sheath to put it to length, immediately after deposition by pad printing.
• the present invention relates, according to a second aspect, to a pad printing machine comprising at least one pad printing module comprising a reservoir containing an elastomer, and downstream of said at least one pad printing module adapted to deposit an elastomer layer on a portion of sheath. cold cutting means adapted to cut the sheath at the portion.
• This machine has characteristics and advantages similar to those described above in connection with the process.
• the pad printing machine comprises two pad printing modules adapted to be respectively disposed opposite the two faces of the sheath, one of the pad printing modules comprising a pad mounted on 180 ° pivoting means.
• each pad printing module comprises a buffer comprising a recess substantially in the buffer center.
• the pressure exerted by the central portion of the pad is less than the pressure exerted by the edges of the pad, and therefore the elastomer does not flow past the buffer edges during the pad printing step.
• each pad printing module comprises a plate with a width greater than the width of said sheath lying flat and having a length of between 25 mm and 60 mm.
• the sheath is completely coated in its width with the deposited elastomer layer and the length of the portion comprising the elastomer layer is of sufficient size to subsequently constitute a cutting zone in which the ends of the sheath cut out. are glued without using an excessive amount of elastomer.
• the present invention relates to a protective sheath comprising a plurality of transverse portions comprising an elastomer layer deposited on the sheath by the application method according to the invention, the transverse portions being spaced apart from each other and extending over a predetermined length of the sheath in the longitudinal direction.
• This sheath has characteristics and advantages similar to those described above in connection with the method and the pad printing machine.
• the present invention aims according to a fourth aspect of an interlaced son sheath lengthwise by cold cutting of the ends of the sheath.
• this sheath of intertwined threads at length comprises at the ends respectively two end portions spaced apart from one another, coated with an elastomer layer applied by the application method according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 is a side view of a diagram illustrating a pad printing machine according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2a is a diagram illustrating a front view of a buffer according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2b is a diagram illustrating a view from above of a stamp of FIG. 2a;
• FIG. 3a is a diagram illustrating a textile sheath according to the invention.
• FIG. 3b is a diagram illustrating a textile sheath to length, according to the invention.
• FIG. 4a is a diagram illustrating in perspective view a buffer according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 4b is a diagram illustrating a front view of the buffer of Figure 4a; and FIG. 5 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 illustrating a pad printing machine according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• the process is applied to a tubular textile sheath 2.
• This sheath 2 is, by way of non-limiting example, a textile sheath knitted from multifilaments of glass fibers impregnated with a solution of acrylic graphite.
• the sheath 2 is flexible and can be laid flat.
• the sheath 2 may be made of other materials, such as silica, ceramic or polymer. In the case of a textile sheath, the sheath may be for example knitted, woven or braided multifilament or monofilament.
• the flattened sheath 2 is transported along the pad printing machine 1 by conventional conveying means 10, such as, for example, a succession of driving rollers.
• the machine 1 comprises two pad printing modules 3, 4. Each pad printing module 3, 4 comprises a pad 7 as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b or a pad 7 'illustrated in FIGS. 4a and 4b. Buffer 7, T will be described later in this document.
• This pad printing module 3, 4 is similar to a pad printing device traditionally used in printing. It comprises among others a reservoir for containing the elastomer to be applied.
• This reservoir corresponding to an inkwell traditionally used in printing.
• the pad printing module 3, 4 comprises a not shown plate which will be described later.
• the second pad printing module 4 comprises pivoting means 4a on which the pad 7 is mounted.
• pivoting means 4a are adapted to pivotally move at an angle of about 180 ° the buffer 7 to allow its application on a second face 2B of the sheath, corresponding in this embodiment to a lower face of the sheath 2 circulating in the pad printing machine 1.
• the pad printing machine 1 further comprises means 5 for controlling the mechanical tension of the sheath 2, associated with a voltage control sensor 5a.
• the pad printing machine 1 comprises cold cutting means 6, in order to lengthen the sheath 2 once the pad printing is deposited with an elastomer layer.
• the sheath 2 ' is set to length, thus being ready to be used, for example for the protection of an exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle.
• the elements of the pad printing machine 1, in particular, the pad printing modules 3, 4, the means 5 for controlling the mechanical tension of the sheath 2, the conveying means 10 and the cold cutting means 6 are connected to an electronic card for controlling the operation of the pad printing machine 1.
• This electronic card comprises in known manner a microprocessor allowing from an algorithm which will be described below, to apply an elastomer on the sheath 2.
• the electronic control board also comprises a non-volatile memory adapted to store parameters such as, for example, the appropriate mechanical tension for the sheath. on which the elastomer will be applied, the speed at which the sheath 2 must advance along the pad printing machine and next to the pad printing modules 3, 4, the times at which the process steps must be performed, the cycle of removing the elastomer and adjusting the movement of the pad 7 (in particular vertical movement of the pad 7, pivoting movement of the pad 7 of the second pad printing module 4).
• parameters such as, for example, the appropriate mechanical tension for the sheath. on which the elastomer will be applied, the speed at which the sheath 2 must advance along the pad printing machine and next to the pad printing modules 3, 4, the times at which the process steps must be performed, the cycle of removing the elastomer and adjusting the movement of the pad 7 (in particular vertical movement of the pad 7, pivoting movement of the pad 7 of the second pad printing module 4).
• the steps of this method are performed sequentially according to the positioning of the sheath 2 along the pad printing machine 1.
• This method comprises a step of deposition by pad printing of an elastomer layer on a portion 20 of the sheath 2.
• This deposition step by pad printing is performed on a portion 20 of a first face 2A of the sheath 2 laid flat by a first pad printing module 3.
• the method comprises a second step of pad printing an elastomer layer on a portion 20 of a second face 2B of the sheath 2 laid flat. This second deposition step is implemented by the second pad printing module 4.
• this second pad printing module 4 is placed under the sheath 2 circulating in the pad printing machine 1.
• the pad 7 is mounted on pivoting means 4a.
• the pad printing deposition steps are implemented by means of the pad 7 and a plate.
• the elastomer deposited on the plate is transferred to the sheath 2 by means of the buffer 7.
• the pad 7 is further rotated 180 ° after the transfer of the elastomer by the plate and before its vertical displacement against the second face 2B of the sheath 2.
• the plate is by a metal plate comprising an impression to be transferred to the sheath 2. This print is etched on the plate and is filled with elastomer by techniques conventionally used in pad printing.
• the thickness of the elastomer layer deposited on the sheath is a function of the depth of the imprint etched on the plate.
• This depth has for example a value between 50 and 130 microns, preferably 90 microns.
• the elastomer used by the pad printing machine 1 is in a closed reservoir, so that the elastomer does not dry by contact with the free air.
• the portions of the first 2A and second 2B faces of the sheath 2 are disposed substantially in the same transverse portion of the sheath 2.
• the elastomer deposition is carried out over the entire width of the sheath 2 laid flat.
• the transverse sheath portion is coated with the elastomer layer all around the tubular surface of the sheath 2.
• the shot has a rectangular shape.
• the width of the plate is greater than the width of the sheath laid flat.
• the width of the plate is between 40mm and 60mm for a sheath width substantially equal to 25mm.
• the length of the plate corresponds to the length of the transverse portion on which the elastomer layer is deposited.
• the length of the portion 20 and the plate is between 25 and 60 mm, and preferably between 30 and 35 mm (see Figure 3a).
• the cliché may have other shapes and sizes.
• FIG. 3a illustrates a textile sheath 2 comprising at least one portion 20 coated with an elastomer layer applied by the process according to the invention.
• such a sheath comprises several transverse portions 20 comprising an elastomer layer deposited on the sheath 2, the transverse portions 20 being spaced from one another and extending over a predetermined length of sheath in the longitudinal direction X .
• the distance d between two consecutive portions 20 has a predetermined value depending for example on the desired length of a sheath 2 'set to length.
• a textile sheath at length 2 ' will be described with reference to FIG.
• This textile sheath placed at 2 'length by cold cutting respectively ends of the sheath, comprises two end portions
• This sheath at length 2 ' is obtained by means of the cold cutting means 6 of the pad printing machine 1.
• These means 6 cut the sheath 2 comprising transverse portions 20 coated with elastomer, substantially in the middle of a first portion 20 and then a second portion 20. A sheath is thus obtained at length 2 '.
• the minimum length of end portions 20 ' must be 10 mm in order to be effective.
• the length of a transverse portion 20 comprising an elastomer layer is 20 mm
• the length of the end portion 20 ' is 10 mm.
• the elastomer used in this example is polychloroprene, better known under the name Neoprene ® marketed by Du Pont de Nemours.
• the elastomer layer dries rapidly in the open air. It is not necessary to dry the elastomer layer by heat input.
• the sheath 2 can be cut cold directly after the pad printing steps, respectively at the transverse portions 20 coated with an elastomer layer. Sheaths are obtained at length 2 '.
• Neoprene ® is an elastomer that is highly resistant to high temperatures.
• a sheath installed to length installed for example on an exhaust tube is not deformed or frayed at the ends, thus remaining in place on the tube.
• the elastomer crystallizes on the sheath and causes a slight shrinkage, favoring the retention in place of the sheath at length 2 1 on the tube.
• the method further comprises a step of controlling the mechanical tension of the sheath 2 in the longitudinal direction X.
• the mechanical tension has a predetermined value depending in particular on the material and the structure (woven, braided or knitted) of the sheath.
• the sheath is thus sufficiently tight so that the fact of depositing an elastomer layer by pad printing does not cause a bonding between the first face 2A of the sheath 2 and the second face 2B of the sheath 2 and ensure homogeneity of the pad printing on the sheath 2.
• the sheath is relaxed enough, so that the elastomer penetrates slightly between the filaments and allow them to stick to each other.
• the pad 7 has a support portion 7a and a buffering portion 7b having an active portion at a buffering surface 7c.
• this buffer 7 further comprises a recess 8, located in the center of the buffer 7.
• this recess 8 the pressure applied to the sheath at the center of the buffer is lower.
• Buffering portion 7b of buffer 7 is exemplified by silicone having a hardness of from 5 to 70 Shore.
• the support portion 7 may be steel.
• the recess 8 can be made inside the buffer portion 7b of the buffer 7.
• this recess 8 is formed by an absence of material in a central zone of the buffer portion 7b coming into contact with the support portion 7a.
• the active face 7c of the buffer is substantially convex.
• FIGS. 4a and 4b a second embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
• the buffer T comprises, as before, a support portion 7'a and a buffering portion 7'b having an active portion at the buffering surface 7'c.
• This recess 9 makes it possible, as before, to optimize the quantity of deposited elastomer and to accentuate the elastomer creep towards the central part of the buffer T.
• the recess 9 is made at the buffering surface 7'c.
• the buffering surface 7'c consists of two convex portions extending symmetrically on the buffering surface 7'c and joining substantially at a central line of the buffering surface 7 c to form the recess 9.
• the recess 9 similar to a groove in the width of the pad T is adapted to be disposed transversely to the longitudinal direction X of the sheath 2.
• the pad printing modules 3, 4 could also be placed one above the other so that the application of the elastomer layer on the two faces 2A, 2B of the sheath is performed simultaneously.
• turning means 15 of the sheath are arranged between the two pad printing modules 3, 3 '.
• these turning means 15 may consist of guide rails adapted to rotate the sheath at an angle of about 180 °.
• These guide rails may be coated with a material promoting the sliding and transfer of the sheath, type PolyTetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or Teflon ® marketed by Du Pont de Nemours.
• PTFE PolyTetrafluoroethylene
• Teflon ® Teflon ® marketed by Du Pont de Nemours.
• the method comprises a step of turning the sheath 2 around a longitudinal axis X of the sheath.
• the reversal is about 180 ° so that a second face 2B of the sheath 2 is ready to receive a tampon deposition of an elastomer layer.
• the method then comprises a second padography deposition step of an elastomer layer implemented by the second pad printing module 3 '.
• each pad printing module can comprise several buffers in order to deposit an elastomer layer respectively on several sheaths.
• the pad printing machine may comprise a variable number of pad printing modules.
• the sheath may, for example, be opened longitudinally.
• the pad printing machine could comprise, between two consecutive pad printing modules, transverse offset means of the sheath.
• the elastomer layer may be deposited over the entire width of the sheath laid flat with a size smaller than the width of the sheath laid flat.
• the sheath at length comprises at the ends two portions coated with the elastomer layer, the ends remaining fixed and not deforming.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Printing Methods (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-07-20 FR FR0756667A patent/FR2918906B1/fr active Active
• 2008
  • 2008-07-16 JP JP2010517439A patent/JP5539197B2/ja active Active
  • 2008-07-16 WO PCT/FR2008/001044 patent/WO2009030834A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2008-07-16 US US12/669,850 patent/US8771817B2/en active Active
  • 2008-07-16 CN CN200880105584.1A patent/CN101796236B/zh active Active
  • 2008-07-16 KR KR1020107003683A patent/KR101546982B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2008-07-16 EP EP08829126A patent/EP2170528A2/fr not_active Withdrawn

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