EP2151569B1 - Dispositif d'extraction d'un flux partiel de gaz d'échappement et moteur à combustion interne en étant équipé - Google Patents

Dispositif d'extraction d'un flux partiel de gaz d'échappement et moteur à combustion interne en étant équipé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2151569B1
EP2151569B1 EP08161916A EP08161916A EP2151569B1 EP 2151569 B1 EP2151569 B1 EP 2151569B1 EP 08161916 A EP08161916 A EP 08161916A EP 08161916 A EP08161916 A EP 08161916A EP 2151569 B1 EP2151569 B1 EP 2151569B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
exhaust
combustion engine
internal combustion
exhaust line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP08161916A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2151569A1 (fr
Inventor
Reiner Schulz
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Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
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Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila Switzerland Ltd filed Critical Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
Priority to EP08161916A priority Critical patent/EP2151569B1/fr
Priority to DK08161916.5T priority patent/DK2151569T3/da
Priority to KR1020090067327A priority patent/KR101586499B1/ko
Priority to JP2009179136A priority patent/JP5570773B2/ja
Priority to CN200910162433.6A priority patent/CN101644213B/zh
Publication of EP2151569A1 publication Critical patent/EP2151569A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2151569B1 publication Critical patent/EP2151569B1/fr
Priority to JP2014076734A priority patent/JP5833170B2/ja
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/28—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of coaxial valves; characterised by the provision of valves co-operating with both intake and exhaust ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/32—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for rotating lift valves, e.g. to diminish wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/40—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with timing means in the recirculation passage, e.g. cyclically operating valves or regenerators; with arrangements involving pressure pulsations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/41—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to the engine, e.g. to cylinder heads, liners, spark plugs or manifolds; characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to specially adapted combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/59—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor
    • F02M26/61—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor in response to exhaust pressure
    • F02M26/615—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor in response to exhaust pressure the exhaust back pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
    • F01L2003/258—Valve configurations in relation to engine opening away from cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2250/00—Camshaft drives characterised by their transmission means
    • F01L2250/02—Camshaft drives characterised by their transmission means the camshaft being driven by chains
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for taking a partial exhaust gas stream according to the preamble of claim 1 and an internal combustion engine with this device.
  • the present invention relates to a device for taking a partial exhaust gas stream from an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine and to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas recirculation system.
  • exhaust gas recirculation is used to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation includes a removal of a partial exhaust gas flow from an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine and a return of this partial flow in the intake passage of the internal combustion engine.
  • the introduced into the inlet of the internal combustion engine exhaust gas acts as an inert gas, which reduces the oxidation of nitrogen to nitrogen oxides.
  • a basic condition is that the pressure of the exhaust gas substream at the position of the inlet is at least as great as the pressure of the air flowing in the inlet passage.
  • the pressure of the exhaust gas partial stream to be a degree higher than that in the inlet passage.
  • the pressure in the inlet passage is reduced from the ambient pressure. Further, the pressure of the exhaust gas at the outlet passage is increased from the ambient pressure.
  • the suction engines mentioned by establishing a connection and controlling a valve in this connection, the partial exhaust gas flow may be introduced into the intake passage.
  • a device for removing an exhaust gas partial stream from an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine having a partial exhaust gas line opening into the exhaust gas line, the input area of which is arranged substantially opposite to the exhaust gas flow, so that the partial exhaust gas flow is utilized by utilizing the dynamic pressure of the exhaust gas Exhaust gas stream may enter the opening of the partial exhaust gas line, the device having the features of claim 1.
  • the input region is arranged in a partial cross-sectional region of the exhaust gas line, in which at least in a predetermined operating range of the internal combustion engine over the partial cross-section averaged flow velocity of the exhaust gas flow is higher than a over the total cross section averaged flow velocity of the total exhaust gas flow is.
  • the input portion of the partial exhaust gas passage is arranged in the flow direction immediately after a flow control member.
  • the input region is arranged in a region of the exhaust pipe in which flow velocity peaks occur in the course of an opening operation of the flow control member, at least in a predetermined operating region of the internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure in the partial exhaust gas line is at least in a predetermined operating range of the internal combustion engine higher than the pressure in the exhaust gas line without removal of the partial exhaust gas flow at removal of the partial exhaust gas stream.
  • the flow control member is an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine.
  • the flow control member is designed as a poppet valve with a valve disk and a valve stem, wherein the valve stem is encompassed by the input region of the partial exhaust gas line.
  • the partial exhaust gas line and / or the Entrance of the partial exhaust gas line arranged coaxially in the exhaust pipe.
  • an inner contour of the partial exhaust gas line forms a diffuser in the region of the input area.
  • the partial exhaust gas line is formed in the region of the input region as a pitot tube.
  • the partial exhaust gas passage is provided with a flow control means for controlling the flow in the partial exhaust gas passage.
  • the flow in the partial exhaust gas line is controlled by the flow control device in dependence on the flow characteristic in the exhaust gas line and / or on the operating state of the internal combustion engine.
  • the flow control device is a valve provided in the partial exhaust gas line which is actuated to allow and inhibit the flow between the partial exhaust gas line and the exhaust gas line.
  • the flow control device is a poppet valve.
  • the flow control means is constructed of a valve seat provided at the input portion of the partial exhaust gas line and a valve body slidable coaxially with the valve stem of the flow control member, the valve body being engageable against and lifted off the valve seat around the input portion of the partial exhaust gas line to close or open.
  • valve body is located downstream of the inlet region of the partial exhaust gas line in the flow direction of the partial exhaust gas flow.
  • the flow control means is operable in synchronism with the operation of the exhaust valve.
  • a throttle valve adjustable by a throttle valve actuator is provided in the exhaust pipe, with which a back pressure in the exhaust pipe is adjustable.
  • the throttle valve actuator is formed as a cam mechanism.
  • the throttle valve actuator and an actuator provided for the flow control device are kinematically coupled together.
  • the flow control device is kept closed in predetermined operating states of the internal combustion engine, in particular when a minimum speed of the internal combustion engine is undershot.
  • a check valve is provided in the partial exhaust gas line, which prevents a backflow to the input region of the partial exhaust gas line.
  • an internal combustion engine having an apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the partial exhaust gas passage of which is an exhaust gas recirculation line directly or indirectly connected to at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine is a two-stroke diesel engine with purging air blower and / or turbocharging.
  • the internal combustion engine is a turbocharged four-stroke internal combustion engine.
  • an internal combustion engine having an apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the partial exhaust gas passage is connected to a turbine of a turbocharger and / or an auxiliary device so that the turbocharger and / or the auxiliary device at least partially operated with the partial exhaust stream.
  • the auxiliary device may optionally supply the power of the internal combustion engine generated by the turbine.
  • the turbine over the power over to supply a gearbox to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
  • an internal combustion engine with an apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, further provided with a pressure-operated actuator operable with the partial exhaust gas flow taken by the exhaust partial exhaust apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine, to which the device for taking a partial exhaust gas flow according to the invention is applicable.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an exhaust valve in slightly open position with directly coupled annular slide according to a first comparative example, which refers to the exhaust gas recirculation system of Fig. 1 is applicable.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the exhaust valve in fully open position with directly coupled annular slide according to the first comparative example, which refers to the exhaust gas recirculation system of Fig. 1 is applicable.
  • Fig. 4 Fig. 10 shows a development of the ring valve used in the first comparative example.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exhaust valve with a coupling of the exhaust valve drive with a throttle device in the exhaust passage and a controlled exhaust valve for exhaust gas recirculation valve according to a second comparative example, which refers to the exhaust gas recirculation system of Fig. 1 is applicable.
  • Fig. 6 shows an exhaust valve with coaxial arrangement of the bleed valve in the exhaust passage according to a first embodiment of the invention, which relates to the exhaust gas recirculation system of Fig. 1 is applicable.
  • Fig. 7 shows one opposite to that of Fig. 1 modified internal combustion engine system, in which the device according to the invention is used to operate a low-pressure turbine.
  • Fig. 8 shows one opposite to that of Fig. 1 modified internal combustion engine system, in which the device according to the invention is used to operate an auxiliary device.
  • Fig. 9 shows one opposite to that of Fig. 1 modified internal combustion engine system in which the device according to the invention is used for driving a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 10 shows one opposite to that of Fig. 1 modified internal combustion engine system, in which the device according to the invention is used to operate a pressure-actuated actuator.
  • Fig. 1 schematically represents an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation system of Fig. 1 is exemplary applied to a two-stroke diesel engine with turbocharging.
  • the internal combustion engine shown here has a cylinder 2 and a piston 5, through which a combustion chamber 3 is limited.
  • a combustion chamber 3 By the movement of the piston 5 within the cylinder 2, the working volume of the combustion chamber 3 is variable.
  • the piston 5 is connected to a crankshaft, not shown, via a piston rod, not shown.
  • the movement of the piston 5 within the cylinder 2 is converted in known manner into a rotational movement of the crankshaft.
  • Mechanical power generated by combustion of an air-fuel mixture is extracted via the crankshaft.
  • air inlet slots 4 are provided, which are swept over by the piston 5 during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the Air inlet slots 4 of the cylinder 2 controlled as intake valves. Namely, once the piston 5 has reached a predetermined lower position, the air intake slots are opened so that air or an air-exhaust mixture can be introduced into the cylinder.
  • An injector not shown, is arranged on the cylinder that can be introduced into the combustion chamber 3 by this fuel. Alternatively, several injectors with the same or different properties or controls can be provided.
  • an exhaust valve 1 is provided at the top of the cylinder.
  • This outlet valve 1 is designed as a poppet valve and in the FIGS. 2 to 5 shown in more detail.
  • an exhaust valve is shown in the exemplary embodiments, it is also possible to provide a plurality of exhaust valves having the structure according to the invention. Alternatively, one or more conventional exhaust valves may be provided in addition to the one or more exhaust valves of the present invention.
  • the internal combustion engine further includes an intake manifold in the form of an intake manifold 8 and an exhaust manifold in the form of an exhaust manifold 9.
  • the intake manifold 8 is connected to the air intake slots 4 via an intake passage 6.
  • the exhaust manifold 9 is connected to the exhaust valve 1 via an exhaust passage 7 so that the combustion chamber 3 communicates with the exhaust manifold 9 through the exhaust passage 7 when the exhaust valve 1 is opened.
  • Exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold 9 is in the example shown here via an exhaust pipe element 24 a turbocharger 20 supplied.
  • the turbocharger 20 operates in a known manner, so that the pressure at the inlet of the engine can be increased by means of the exhaust gas energy.
  • the turbocharger 20 includes a turbine 21, a compressor 22, and a turbocharger shaft 23 connecting the turbine 21 and the compressor 22.
  • Exhaust gas at a certain pressure which is above the ambient pressure, is supplied via the exhaust pipe member 24 of the turbine 21.
  • the exhaust gas is expanded, so that the energy contained is transmitted to the turbocharger shaft 23.
  • the expanded exhaust gas is exhausted via an exhaust pipe member 27.
  • the power applied to the turbocharger shaft 23 is used to operate the compressor 22. This compresses intake air introduced via the intake pipe member 26 and discharges the compressed intake air via an intake pipe member 25.
  • a charge air cooler 28 is provided to cool the pressurized intake air whose temperature has been raised by the compression operation. As a result, an improvement of the degree of filling of the internal combustion engine is achieved.
  • the cooled intake air is supplied to the intake manifold 8 through an inlet conduit member 29 and an inlet conduit member 17.
  • the pressure at the inlet of the internal combustion engine is increased by the turbocharger 20.
  • the pressure may be increased without a turbocharger 20 by using a blower, not shown, which is driven by an electric motor or the power applied to the crankshaft.
  • the pressure at the inlet, in particular at the air inlet slots 4 increases relative to the ambient pressure, so that there is a good rinse efficiency, so that the burned mixture can be sufficiently replaced by fresh air / fresh gas.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation system for the internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas recirculation line, which consists of exhaust partial flow line elements 12, 13, 14 and 16.
  • an exhaust partial flow is withdrawn and introduced into the exhaust partial flow line element 12.
  • a recirculation gas collecting pipe 10 is provided downstream of the exhaust partial flow line member 12, a recirculation gas collecting pipe 10 is provided.
  • the exhaust partial flow conduit member 13 leads to a recirculation gas cooler 11, which cools the recirculated exhaust gas.
  • the recirculation gas is passed through the exhaust partial flow conduit member 14 to a check valve 15 which prevents the recirculation gas from flowing back in the direction of the exhaust valve.
  • the check valve 15 is not mandatory and can be omitted.
  • the recirculation gas is guided via the exhaust partial flow passage member 16 to a connection point between the inlet passage members 17 and 29, which guide the compressed intake gas to the intake manifold 8.
  • a check valve 15a may be provided in the exhaust partial flow line element 12 in front of the recirculation gas collection tube 10.
  • This check valve 15a is preferably used in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders to reverse flow the exhausted in a cylinder Prevent exhaust gas flow through the recirculation manifold 10 into another cylinder. It should be noted that the check valve 15a is also not mandatory and may be omitted especially in an internal combustion engine with only one cylinder.
  • both the check valve 15 and the check valve 15a can be replaced by an actively controlled valve, which can be actuated for example by a mechanical or electromagnetic actuator with an optimized timing.
  • the pressure of the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas partial flow passage member 16 at the aforementioned connection point between the inlet conduit members 17 and 29 is higher than the pressure of the inlet gas conducted in the inlet conduit member 29 to the connection point.
  • the partial exhaust stream taken at the exhaust valve 1 can be introduced into the intake manifold 8 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust valve 1 has a device for taking a partial exhaust gas stream out of the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine.
  • the special embodiment of this device removal of the partial exhaust gas flow allows the introduction of the partial exhaust gas flow into the intake manifold 8 of the in Fig. 1 illustrated system, as explained above.
  • this device for removing the partial exhaust gas stream in the in the Figures 7-10 illustrated internal combustion engine systems applicable.
  • Fig. 2 shows the exhaust valve in a slightly open position with directly coupled annular slide according to the first comparative example, which refers to the exhaust gas recirculation system of Fig. 1 is applicable.
  • the exhaust valve 1 is a so-called poppet valve which has a valve disk 101 and a valve stem 102.
  • the valve stem 102 is mounted translationally and rotatably movable in a bearing bush 103.
  • the bushing 103 is inserted into a bore in a cylinder head 111, for example by pressing.
  • the circular valve disk 101 cooperates with a valve seat 104 so that upon contact of the valve disk 101 with the valve seat 104, flow through the exhaust valve 1, in particular through a radial gap between the valve disk 101 and the valve seat 104, is prevented and the exhaust valve 1 is closed.
  • the valve stem 102 is actuated axially with an actuating mechanism, not shown, such as a camshaft with bucket tappets, rocker arms or a hydraulic device, so that the valve plate 101 from the valve seat 104 against the bias by a valve spring, not shown, such as a Air spring takes off.
  • actuating mechanism such as a camshaft with bucket tappets, rocker arms or a hydraulic device
  • the actuation of the exhaust valve 1 can be done in any way, as long as the actual function of the exhaust valve 1 is ensured. Exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 3 can thus flow through the resulting annular gap between the valve disk 101 and the valve seat 104. In this position, the exhaust valve is open.
  • an outlet chamber 105 is provided adjacent to the valve seat 104.
  • This discharge chamber 105 provides a space through which the exhaust gas flowing through the opened exhaust valve 1 can pass.
  • the outlet chamber 105 is provided with a in Fig. 1 illustrated outlet passage 7 connected. Thus, with the exhaust valve 1 open, the exhaust gas can enter the exhaust passage 7 through the exhaust chamber 105.
  • an exhaust gas removal passage 106 Coaxially disposed about the valve stem 102, an exhaust gas removal passage 106 is provided.
  • This exhaust gas removal passage 106 has an annular gap 120 formed between an outer coaxial element 112 and an inner coaxial element 113 of the cylinder head 111.
  • the inner coaxial element 113 is simultaneously provided for supporting the bearing bush 103 for the valve stem 102.
  • the annular gap 120 formed between the elements 112 and 113 continues into the exhaust gas removal passage 106.
  • a tube 107 is provided at the lower end, in particular the end of the elements 112 and 113, which face the valve disk 101.
  • This tube 107 is attached to the outer coaxial element 112 so that the tube 107 forms an axial extension of the coaxial element 112 and at the same time the entrance region of the flue-withdrawal passage 106.
  • a rotary valve 130 is formed, which can open and close a gap between the tube 107 and the outer periphery of the valve stem 102. This rotary valve 130 will be described in more detail below.
  • an inner annular gap sleeve 110 is attached to the valve stem 102 in the region of the lower end of the tube 107 .
  • an outer annular gap sleeve 109 is provided, which is attached to the inner coaxial element 113.
  • the inner annular gap sleeve 110 can be rotated with the valve stem 102 relative to the outer annular gap sleeve 110.
  • Fig. 4 shows a development of the outer annular gap sleeve 109 and the inner annular gap sleeve 110 in plan view and sectional view.
  • the construction of the sleeves with superimposed and relative to each other slidable slots can be seen, the function of which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the rotation, and in particular the targeted rotation of the valve stem 102 is used by a mechanism provided for this purpose, which is already provided in such internal combustion engines to reduce shrinkage of the valve seats and to improve the lubrication of the valve stems.
  • the annular gap sleeves 110 and 109 have complementary slots or openings, which allow a passage of exhaust gas when the slots or openings of both annular gap sleeves 110 and 109 are superimposed. Upon rotation of the annular gap sleeves 110 and 109, the passage is interrupted.
  • a rotary slide valve 130 is formed in the annular gap between the tube 107 and the valve stem 102, which can be opened and closed with the rotation of the valve stem 102.
  • the exhaust valve 1 is opened in a known manner, so that the exhaust gas can be discharged from the combustion chamber 3 via the exhaust chamber 105 and the exhaust passage 7. This position is in Fig. 1 shown. Shortly before opening the exhaust valve 1, the combustion chamber 3 is still at a relatively high pressure, so that by the slight opening of the exhaust valve 1 by lifting the valve disk 101 from the valve seat 104 exhaust flows at high speed through the resulting narrow annular gap.
  • Fig. 2 the flow through the annular gap of the valve 1 is shown schematically shortly after the lifting of the valve disk 101 from the valve seat 104. It can be seen here that the flow of the exhaust gas through the annular gap of the valve 1 extends radially inwards in the direction of the valve stem 102.
  • the concentration of the streamlines taking into account the continuity equation, means an increased flow velocity, whereas in the radially outer region the flow velocity is low.
  • the input area of the exhaust gas removal passage 106 is opened only in the time interval in which an increase in the total pressure using the dynamic pressure is even possible. It has been found that when the outlet valve 1 is slightly open, ie when the outflow of exhaust gas begins from the annular gap between the valve disk 101 and the valve seat 104, the afore-indicated averaged pressure ratios in the cross-sectional areas in the outlet chamber 105 increase the total pressure in the exhaust gas removal passage 106 enable. Therefore, only in this time interval, the annular slide 130 is opened and otherwise kept closed, as will be discussed below.
  • Fig. 3 the exhaust valve 1 is shown in the open position.
  • the annular gap between the valve disk 101 and the valve seat 104 is increased, so that the flow velocity is reduced on the one hand due to the large cross-section of the annular gap, on the other hand due to the previously occurred relaxation of the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber, as is clear by the flow lines shown schematically.
  • the dynamic pressure of the exhaust gas can not increase the total pressure in the exhaust gas exhaust passage. Therefore, in this position, by turning the valve stem, the sleeve valve is closed and the main part of the exhaust gas exits through the outlet passage 7.
  • the total pressure in the exhaust gas removal passage 106 is increased so that the introduction of the exhaust gas partial flow into the intake manifold passage 8 is possible because the sufficient pressure difference with respect to the Pressure is present in the inlet manifold 8.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of an exhaust valve 1 with coupling of the valve drive with a throttle device in the exhaust passage 7 and a controlled exhaust valve for exhaust gas recirculation according to the second comparative example.
  • the exhaust valve 1 according to the present second comparative example has a valve disk 201 and a valve stem 202. Likewise, in the exhaust valve 1 of the second comparative example, a tube 207 is provided, which in Fig. 5 is shown only schematically. The bearing of the valve shaft 202 and the coaxial arrangement of inner and outer coaxial elements of the cylinder head 211 are performed similarly as in the first comparative example.
  • the difference from the first comparative example lies in the control of the exhaust gas flow through the exhaust gas removal passage 206.
  • a poppet valve 230 Downstream of the annular gap between the valve stem 202 and tube 207, through which the partial exhaust gas stream enters the tube 207, a poppet valve 230 is provided, which has a valve plate 209 and a valve seat 210 which is provided at the Abgasentnahendurchurchgang 206.
  • the valve disk 209 can be pressed against the valve seat 210 by means of a spring 208b, so that the exhaust gas removal passage 206 is closed.
  • a rocker arm 208a is provided which is associated with a valve stem 209a of the bleed valve 230.
  • the valve disk 209 can be lifted off the valve seat 210, so that the connection between the exhaust gas removal passage 206 and the in Fig. 1 shown return gas line element 12 is produced.
  • the rocker arm 208a is actuated with a cam 208c which is connected via a power transmission element, such. B. a chain 208 d is driven.
  • This power transmission element is connected to the camshaft 208e of the internal combustion engine that actuates the exhaust valve 1, either directly or via another gear mechanism so that the exhaust sampling valve 230 is opened and closed in accordance with the operation of the camshaft 208e.
  • the operation of the exhaust valve 1 of the second comparative example is similar to that of the first comparative example.
  • the exhaust valve 230 is opened by operation coupled to the camshaft 208e .
  • the exhaust valve 230 is closed again, so that the increased dynamic pressure at slight opening of the exhaust valve 1 in the exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine can be used to increase the total pressure in the exhaust exhaust passage 206.
  • the exhaust gas removal valve 230 by closing the exhaust gas removal valve 230, a back flow of the exhaust gas partial flow is prevented.
  • throttle valve 215 is provided.
  • This throttle valve 215 is formed in this development as a flapper valve, which is rotatably disposed within the outlet passage 7 or alternatively at another location in the outlet.
  • a transmission element 216 such as. As a chain or a belt is connected to the camshaft 208e directly or via another transmission mechanism.
  • the exhaust gas flow enters the tube 207 and the outlet chamber 205.
  • the throttle valve 215 is closed, so that the passage between the exhaust chamber 205 and the exhaust passage 7 is throttled.
  • an increased back pressure is formed in the outlet chamber 205, so that with an optimized timing, a further increased pressure in the tube 207 can be provided.
  • the throttle valve 215 Upon further opening of the exhaust valve 1, the throttle valve 215 is re-opened in conjunction with the actuation via the transmission element 216 and the camshaft 208e, so that a reduced, d. H. gives normal flow resistance in the outlet channel, so that a sufficient fresh gas purging can be made.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exhaust valve 1 with coaxial arrangement of the exhaust gas recirculation valve 330 in the annular gap according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the exhaust valve 1 has a valve disk 301, a valve seat 304 and a valve stem 302.
  • An annular gap between an outer coaxial element 312 and an inner coaxial element 313 is also provided in this embodiment.
  • the tube 307 is open as in the other examples down and has at the Inside a valve seat 309 which is closable with the valve element 308.
  • Valve member 308 is slidably mounted longitudinally on valve stem 302 and may be moved axially by an unillustrated actuating mechanism, regardless of movement of valve stem 302, such that a valve face 310 may be brought into abutment with valve seat 309 to close valve 330 ,
  • valve surface 310 of the valve member 308 is lifted by the actuating mechanism of the valve seat 309.
  • the valve element 308 is approximated to the valve seat 309.
  • the valve face 310 is brought into abutment against the valve seat 309 when a predetermined opening degree of the exhaust valve is exceeded.
  • the exhaust valve including the exhaust partial exhaust flow device is illustrated with a two-stroke diesel exhaust gas recirculation engine and turbocharger supercharging.
  • the application of the device according to the invention for the removal of a partial exhaust gas stream is particularly effective in this application.
  • the exhaust partial exhaust flow device may also be effectively applied to other constructions as described below with reference to FIGS Figures 7-10 being represented.
  • Fig. 7 represents an internal combustion engine, which is designed as a two-stroke diesel internal combustion engine.
  • the construction of the internal combustion engine is opposite to that of Fig. 1 unchanged.
  • the internal combustion engine has a piston 5, air inlet slots 4, a cylinder 2 and a combustion chamber 3 located in the cylinder 2.
  • an exhaust valve 1 is provided, which is formed according to the embodiments discussed above.
  • the internal combustion engine also has a turbocharger 20, which consists of a compressor 22 and a turbocharger shaft 23 and in contrast to the system of Fig. 1 a low pressure turbine 21a and a high pressure turbine 21b.
  • the line element is still with the exhaust gas removal passage 106, 206, 306th connected, however, the exhaust partial flow is used in addition to the exhaust gas recirculation or exclusively to operate the high pressure turbine 21 b of the turbocharger 20.
  • the in Fig. 1 shown exhaust gas cooler 11 omitted meaningful way.
  • the turbine it is possible to design the turbine as a two- or multi-flow turbine in which different inlet pressures are provided.
  • the main exhaust gas flow passing through the exhaust passage 7 may be introduced into a low pressure portion of the turbine 21, and the exhaust gas partial flow taken by the exhaust partial exhaust flow device having a higher pressure than the main exhaust gas flow may be supplied to the high pressure portion of the turbine 21.
  • a turbogenerator 50 is provided as an auxiliary device which can use the partial exhaust gas flow to generate electrical energy.
  • internal combustion engine corresponds to in Fig. 1 illustrated internal combustion engine.
  • a main exhaust gas flow is discharged through an outlet passage 7 and a partial exhaust gas flow via the line member 13, 14 of a turbine 51 without passage through the in Fig. 1 shown exhaust gas cooler 11 supplied.
  • the partial exhaust gas stream is expanded in the turbine 51 and discharged via the passage 54.
  • an electric generator 52 is connected via a shaft 53 in this embodiment.
  • the partial exhaust gas flow which is guided to the turbine 51, are controlled, so that the corresponding electrical power can be tapped on the generator 52.
  • any means may be provided which can be operated with the mechanical power of the turbine 51.
  • FIG. 9 Another application of the device for taking a partial exhaust gas stream is in Fig. 9 shown.
  • the structure of this alternative application of the device for the removal of the exhaust gas partial stream is similar to that of the previous application.
  • an auxiliary device is driven by the turbine 51
  • the power generated by the turbine 51 in this further application is used to assist the operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the output shaft 53 of the turbine 51 is connected via a transmission 55 to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and thus able to transmit the power to the crankshaft.
  • this application may also be provided a way to either transfer the power to the crankshaft or supply the turbo-generator, which in Fig. 8 is shown.
  • a switching device is required, which can switch between the power transmission to the crankshaft and the power transmission to the generator 52.
  • the partial exhaust stream taken from the exhaust removal passage may be used to actuate a gas pressure actuated actuator 60.
  • an actuator 60 may For example, represent an actuator for actuating a valve or an adjusting mechanism of the turbocharger.
  • the actuator 60 may be provided with a control valve for actuating a piston, not shown, which is driven for example by the central control for the internal combustion engine.
  • an accumulator 70 can be switched in the flow direction in front of the actuator 60, so that on the one hand the pressure is constantly available and on the other hand pressure pulsations are reduced.
  • the internal combustion engine system can be improved so that, for example, a previously required compressed air generation or vacuum generation to actuate certain actuators is unnecessary. Overall, this improves the overall efficiency of the internal combustion engine system.
  • the present invention has been described with reference to the comparative examples and embodiments shown in the figures. While the return valve 1 is shown in the first comparative example with the annular gap sleeves 109 and 110, which are rotated by a rotational movement of the valve stem, this system can be supplemented by an actuating mechanism which is exemplified in Fig. 5 is shown.
  • the kinematic coupling of the rotational movement of the valve stem 102 of the exhaust valve 1 of the first comparative example can be provided as shown in FIG Fig. 5 is applied to the exhaust gas removal valve 230.
  • the throttle valve may be provided in the exhaust passage 7, which is kinematically coupled to the camshaft, as in FIG Fig. 5 already shown, or is actuated by a separate actuating mechanism.
  • the present invention relates to a device on an exhaust valve 1, which is described in application to a two-stroke diesel internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust valve 1 of the present invention is applicable to any internal combustion engine having an exhaust valve.
  • this exhaust valve may be used in a four-stroke internal combustion engine.
  • the advantages of applying the exhaust valve 1 to a four-stroke internal combustion engine are particularly excellent when using a turbocharger 20 or a compressor for pressure charging the intake air.
  • exhaust valve 1 may be applied to a two-stroke internal combustion engine which is not operated with diesel fuel but with gas, gasoline or other fuel.
  • a pressure sensor may be provided which controls the respective valves 130, 230, 330 so that the pressure of the exhaust gas partial stream is maintained at an optimally high value can.
  • a variable control of the valve 130, 230, 330 is advantageous, which is then actuated on the basis of the pressure measured by the sensor.
  • the exhaust valve 1 is shown mounted on the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. In this case, a single outlet valve 1 is shown on the internal combustion engine for the combustion chamber 3.
  • a plurality of exhaust valves may be provided for each combustion chamber having the construction of the above-described embodiments and comparative examples.
  • the further exhaust valves may then have an ordinary construction without the exhaust gas extraction device.
  • the operation of the exhaust valve 1, in particular in Fig. 5 is shown via a camshaft 208e
  • the operation of the exhaust valve 1 can be done in any way.
  • an electromagnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic or other type of operation is possible.
  • the kinematic links between the throttle valve 215 and the exhaust gas removal valve 230 shown via a mechanical coupling.
  • This mechanical coupling can be replaced by actuators actuated by the central control of the engine control system.
  • the actuators may be electromagnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic or other type elements.
  • the entrance area in the embodiments and the comparative examples is shown coaxially disposed around the valve stem of the exhaust valve, the entrance area may also be disposed adjacent to the valve stem. Decisive here are the actual flow conditions behind the opening exhaust valve. It is conceivable, for example, that a strongly curved channel is arranged around the valve stem, so that the flow velocity of the exhaust gas radially at a distance from the valve stem shows peaks or has high averaged values.
  • Essential to the invention is the arrangement of the entrance area in the area with particularly high flow rates independent of the arrangement with respect to the other elements of the outlet valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif d'extraction d'un flux partiel de gaz d'échappement à partir d'une conduite de gaz d'échappement (305) d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant une conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) débouchant dans la conduite de gaz d'échappement (305), le moteur à combustion interne comportant une soupape d'échappement (1) avec une tête de soupape (301) et une tige de soupape (302),
    une zone d'admission (320) de la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) étant disposée immédiatement en aval de la soupape d'échappement (1) du moteur à combustion interne, dans la direction d'écoulement, et sensiblement dans le sens contraire au flux de gaz d'échappement, de sorte que le flux partiel de gaz d'échappement peut pénétrer dans la zone d'admission (320) de la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) en exploitant la pression dynamique du flux de gaz d'échappement,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'un contour intérieur de la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) forme un diffuseur dans la zone d'admission (320), et en ce que la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) est pourvue d'un dispositif de commande de flux (330) qui comporte un siège de soupape (309) disposé dans la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement et un élément de soupape (308) disposé sur la tige de soupape (302) de manière à être mobile indépendamment du mouvement de ladite tige de soupape (302), et avec lequel la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) peut être fermée, le dispositif étant prévu de manière à pouvoir exécuter une élévation dynamique de pression du flux partiel de gaz d'échappement par ouverture temporellement définie de la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la zone d'admission (320) est disposée dans une zone de section transversale partielle de la conduite de gaz d'échappement (305), dans laquelle au moins une vitesse d'écoulement du flux de gaz d'échappement déterminée en moyenne sur la section transversale partielle dans une zone de fonctionnement prédéfinie du moteur à combustion interne est supérieure à une vitesse d'écoulement du flux global de gaz d'échappement déterminée en moyenne sur la section transversale totale, et/ou dans laquelle, par rapport à la section transversale totale de la conduite de gaz d'échappement (305), des pointes de vitesse d'écoulement apparaissent lors d'un processus d'ouverture de la soupape d'échappement (1), au moins dans une zone de fonctionnement prédéfinie du moteur à combustion interne.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la soupape d'échappement (1) est réalisée comme soupape champignon avec la tête de soupape (301) et la tige de soupape (302), ladite tige de soupape (302) étant entourée par la zone d'admission (320) de la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé
    en ce que la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) ou la zone d'admission (320) de la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) est disposée coaxialement à la conduite de gaz d'échappement (305).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) est réalisée comme tube de Venturi comme dans la zone d'admission (320).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le flux dans la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) est commandé par le dispositif de commande de flux (330) en fonction de la caractéristique d'écoulement dans la conduite de gaz d'échappement (305) et de l'état de fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de commande de flux (330) peut être actionné de manière synchrone à la soupape d'échappement (1).
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'une soupape d'étranglement (215) réglable par un actionneur de soupape d'étranglement réalisé spécifiquement sous forme de mécanisme à came est prévue dans la conduite de gaz d'échappement (7), au moyen de laquelle une contre-pression peut être réglée dans la conduite de gaz d'échappement (7).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou la revendication 8,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'actionneur de soupape d'étranglement et un actionneur prévu pour le dispositif de commande de flux (330) sont couplés cinématiquement l'un à l'autre.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de commande de flux (330) est maintenu fermé dans certains états de fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne, en particulier en cas de dépassement d'une vitesse de rotation minimale du moteur à combustion interne.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'une soupape anti-retour (15) est prévue dans la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306), laquelle empêche une inversion de flux de la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement vers la zone d'admission (320).
  12. Moteur à combustion interne comprenant un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, dont la conduite partielle de gaz d'échappement (306) représente une conduite de recirculation de gaz d'échappement directement ou indirectement reliée à au moins une chambre de combustion (3) du moteur à combustion interne.
  13. Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé
    en ce que ledit moteur à combustion interne est un moteur à combustion interne diesel deux temps à suralimentation effectuée par un turbocompresseur (20), ou un moteur à combustion interne quatre temps à suralimentation effectuée par un turbocompresseur (20).
EP08161916A 2008-08-06 2008-08-06 Dispositif d'extraction d'un flux partiel de gaz d'échappement et moteur à combustion interne en étant équipé Expired - Fee Related EP2151569B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08161916A EP2151569B1 (fr) 2008-08-06 2008-08-06 Dispositif d'extraction d'un flux partiel de gaz d'échappement et moteur à combustion interne en étant équipé
DK08161916.5T DK2151569T3 (da) 2008-08-06 2008-08-06 Indretning til udtagelse af en udstødningsgas-delstrøm og forbrændingsmotor med denne indretning
KR1020090067327A KR101586499B1 (ko) 2008-08-06 2009-07-23 부분배기기류의 추출장치 및 상기 장치를 포함하는 내연기관
JP2009179136A JP5570773B2 (ja) 2008-08-06 2009-07-31 部分的排気流抽出装置、及び前記装置を備えている内燃エンジン
CN200910162433.6A CN101644213B (zh) 2008-08-06 2009-08-04 用于抽出部分排气流的设备以及包括所述设备的内燃机
JP2014076734A JP5833170B2 (ja) 2008-08-06 2014-04-03 部分的排気流抽出装置、及び前記装置を備えている内燃エンジン

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08161916A EP2151569B1 (fr) 2008-08-06 2008-08-06 Dispositif d'extraction d'un flux partiel de gaz d'échappement et moteur à combustion interne en étant équipé

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EP2151569A1 EP2151569A1 (fr) 2010-02-10
EP2151569B1 true EP2151569B1 (fr) 2012-10-17

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JP (2) JP5570773B2 (fr)
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JP2014122639A (ja) 2014-07-03
EP2151569A1 (fr) 2010-02-10
JP5570773B2 (ja) 2014-08-13
KR101586499B1 (ko) 2016-01-21
CN101644213A (zh) 2010-02-10
JP2010038164A (ja) 2010-02-18
DK2151569T3 (da) 2012-10-29
KR20100018455A (ko) 2010-02-17
CN101644213B (zh) 2015-03-25
JP5833170B2 (ja) 2015-12-16

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