EP2134156A2 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de matériau de multiplication annuel pour des pépinières sous forme dépouillée pour la plantation immédiate - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de matériau de multiplication annuel pour des pépinières sous forme dépouillée pour la plantation immédiate

Info

Publication number
EP2134156A2
EP2134156A2 EP07848770A EP07848770A EP2134156A2 EP 2134156 A2 EP2134156 A2 EP 2134156A2 EP 07848770 A EP07848770 A EP 07848770A EP 07848770 A EP07848770 A EP 07848770A EP 2134156 A2 EP2134156 A2 EP 2134156A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
undercut
cutting
seedlings
depth
root
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07848770A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jenö Németh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from HU0600256U external-priority patent/HU3310U/hu
Priority claimed from HU0700279A external-priority patent/HUP0700279A2/hu
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2134156A2 publication Critical patent/EP2134156A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
    • A01G23/043—Transplanting devices for grasping, undercutting or transporting the root ball

Definitions

  • the invention is a method for the production of propagation material for nurseries, suitable for planting as early as the first year, containing the repeated, shallow undercut of the root system of seedlings at the age of a few months. Furthermore, this method enables the flat, machine undercut of the seedlings both in the bedding and in the row sowing, by means of a device with horizontal cutting thread, for production of one-year, high-quality propagation material with multiple-branched root system.
  • the method and the device can be used both in gardening and in forest nurseries, furthermore, these are best suited for the profitable production of high-quality propagation material, mainly in wood species with strong tap rooting.
  • the main objective of forest tree nurseries is to produce inexpensive and quickly as possible well-usable propagating material of woody plants in the largest quantities and in the best quality. According to experience, the quality of a seedling the better, the more and more healthy, multi-branched root are in a relatively small volume. Concerning the root system, the traditional working nurseries may not always have an excellent quality, although an undercut of the seedlings has been used for several generations, so that the propagation material a better branched, fine root system, with more favorable root-drive relationship arises. According to nursery practice, the continental climate requires two years for the production of undercut seedlings. The mechanical undercut of the root system occurs at the end of the first growing season at a depth of 15 to 20 centimeters.
  • the growth of such seedlings after Undercut not stopped it is observed active root growth at the interface (of course, if it is not possible for some reason to perform the undercut early, at a depth of 5 to 10 cm, it can also later at a depth between 10 and 15 cm). Later, the seedlings can be repeatedly undercut at a depth of 10-20 cm in order to achieve an even better branching. With the seedlings undercut several times in an earlier phase, plants with better quality characteristics can be produced in one year than with the traditional method within 2 years; of course only with professional care work. The seedlings produced by this method can be uniquely identified at the root system that is rapidly branching at the specified depths. The proper depth of the undercut has hitherto not been limited by the physiological properties of the seedlings, but determined by the machine possibilities, since the available machines are not suitable for such a shallow undercut.
  • the machines designed and used today eg the undercut machine from the company EGEDAL
  • EGEDAL the undercut machine from the company EGEDAL
  • tractors towed constructions with the attached scaffolding running on wheels and carrying under-surface trimmers with one-sided or two-sided trimmers.
  • the knives fixed permanently to the stand frames intersect the bottom and root in a direction parallel to the surface.
  • the depth is determined by the support wheels and the width by the distance holder.
  • a big problem is that because of the disagreement of the soil, the plants can be lifted up by the vertical movement of the knife together with the separated soil sections.
  • the most significant change that our invention involves is the replacement of the horizontal cutting blade on the frame with such an accessory which can not deviate from the horizontal.
  • the desired effect can be achieved if the horizontal cutting blade is replaced with a line-like cutting edge.
  • a tense cutting thread eg with a wire, with a Twisted steel plate, be realized with flexible, perforated metal thread or nylon thread.
  • Such cutting threads are able to cut through the soil and the root cleanly, without raising or tipping the soil slices, or feed the plants into the soil.
  • This method can be used on machines with variable working width and cutting angle with two or more wheels without problems.
  • the invention is a method of producing the propagating material within one year of such a root quality that traditionally has only the perennial seedlings. This is achieved by an undercut of 1- to 2-month seedlings in 5-10 cm depth, possibly with a later undercut at a depth of 10-20 cm.
  • the invention also includes a device which enables the machine to perform this work, thus being able to shallow the root flat in the bedding or row sowing.
  • This machine device consists of an attached scaffolding and a cutting accessory, wherein the framework can be connected to self-propelled machines.
  • the hanging device is attached to the three-point and consists of a welded transverse holder, from the flexibly mountable symmetrical or asymmetrical distance holder and from the support wheels whose height can be changed as desired.
  • the cutting accessories consist of vertical holders (attached to the stand) or on the underside detachably fastened, tensioned cutting thread (wire, twisted Stahldrat, flexible, toothed metal thread or nylon thread).
  • the invention also includes the end product of this process: such seedlings, wherein in the root system at the depth of 5 to 10 cm a clear, dense root branching is observed.
  • Fig. 1 the axonometric representation of the device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 the schematic illustration of a seedling
  • Fig. 3 the schematic Illustration of a seedling, which is traditionally undercut in the autumn of the first year
  • Fig. 4 the end product in the autumn of the second growing season, produced from the seedling in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 5 the schematic illustration of a seedling which was already undercut by means of our invention can be - A -
  • Fig. 6 The seedling in the autumn of the first growing season after an undercut of the plant shown in Fig. 5
  • Fig. 7 The seedling, once undercut, at the ideal time of the second
  • the mechanical device shown in Fig. 1 has the following components: 1 a pulling device suitable for attachment to three points, a welded crosspiece 2, the attached 3a, 3b distance holders and the attached 4a, 4b wheels (in this case 2 pieces) , the 5a, 5b collars attached to the 3a, 3b remover, and the 6 cutting edges mounted at the end of the cutting accessory (in the interest of better visibility, the 4b wheel and the holding device are punctuated in Fig. 1).
  • the two transverse holders are made of tempered steel with welded steel loops and holes. For 6 cutting threads, twisted steel is best, but other wires, nylon thread, or thin saw thread may be used.
  • the 3b distance holder is longer than the 3a distance holder. Furthermore, their removal can be changed as desired by means of the releasable binding elements. This means that on the one hand the cutting angle of the 6 cutting filament, on the other hand, the working width can be varied as desired. At the same time, of course, the length of the 6 cutting thread must also be changed. With the mounted in the holder 4a, 4b wheels spindle, the height of the wheels, so the difference between tread and 6 cutting filaments can be changed arbitrarily. This determines the depth of the 6 cutting thread, ie the actual depth of the undercut.
  • the device is actuated by placing on the bed to be processed, and using the 3a, 3b distance holder the corresponding travel angle (the cutting angle) of 6 cutting thread or its length is adjusted. Then the wheels with the spindles (ie the cutting depth of the 6 cutting thread) are set to the desired depth and set. After that, the 1 pulling device can be connected to the three-point of the tractor in a horizontal position. The wheels can run next to the rows as well as in the rows.
  • the 5a, 5b stitching accessories belonging to the cutting accessories will move parallel to the direction of travel in the ground and at the same time guide (or undercut) the 6 cutting threads at the specified depth, without causing the seedlings to topple over, or substantially alter the soil structure to destroy.
  • the cutting accessory used in this invention is particularly economical because the replacement, replacement or resizing of the cutting filament is particularly easy or the conventional undercut machines can be converted to this device with only minor changes.
  • the exchange of cutting accessories can be made on devices with more than two wheels.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically the freshly germinated 9 seedling, with a short 11 radicles below the soil surface.
  • the 9 seedling is strengthened and lignified until the end of the first growing season, in some species grows a long taproot, with few fine roots, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the roots 13 are undercut 15 to 20 cm deep below 10 of the surface with a cutting knife in order to increase the root weight and the root surface - or thereby the survival ability.
  • Fig. 4 At the interface at a depth of 15-20 cm, hair rooting will take place, but only in the autumn of next year a 14-branched root system will form (Fig. 4).
  • Fig. 5 shows a 9 seedling whose 11 radicles below the surface can be undercut at a depth of 16 5-10 cm with our invention, at the age of 1-2 months.
  • the growth of the undercut plant is not stopped, or will take place immediately an intense hair rooting, which later leads to a multiple 14 branched root system.
  • Fig. 6 shows schematically the seedling in the fall of the first vegetation period, which was undercut with our invention.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show that the result of the first undercut can be significantly improved if an undercut at a depth of 14 10 to 20 cm is still carried out on the growing seedling.
  • the second undercut should take place next spring, in case of germination in spring about one month after the first undercut. Comparing the seedlings undercut at different times in Figures 3 and 6 or 8, it can be clearly seen which plants were undercut at what time, as the root system shows different degrees of branching at different depths.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de matériau de multiplication annuel pour des pépinières sous forme dépouillée pour la plantation immédiate, comportant les étapes suivantes: traitement du sol, alimentation en eau et en nutriments, et prise de mesures phytoprotectrices. Le procédé est caractérisé par la réalisation d'une dépouille précoce, plate, de la racine (11) non encore lignifiée de semences (9) de 1 à 2 mois, avec une profondeur de coupe (16) de 5 à 10 cm sous la surface (10), dans des semences de parterres ou de lignes. La dépouille précoce peut être réalisée au moyen d'un dispositif de dépouille dont les outils de coupe sont composés de coutres verticaux (5a, 5b), fixés sur l'espaceur (3a, 3b), ou de fil de coupe (6) tendu, vertical, fixé de façon amovible sur le côté inférieur du dispositif de dépouille, composé de fil, de fil d'acier retordu, de fil métallique flexible, denté, ou de fil de nylon. Les semences ayant fait l'objet d'une dépouille précoce peuvent être reconnues clairement à leurs racines (14) présentant une meilleure ramification à partir de 5 à 10 cm sous la surface (16).
EP07848770A 2006-11-23 2007-11-22 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de matériau de multiplication annuel pour des pépinières sous forme dépouillée pour la plantation immédiate Withdrawn EP2134156A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU0600256U HU3310U (en) 2006-11-23 2006-11-23 Root cutter
HU0700279A HUP0700279A2 (en) 2007-04-13 2007-04-13 Process and apparatus for production of nursery mother spawn which is plantable one year old
PCT/HU2007/000111 WO2008062243A2 (fr) 2006-11-23 2007-11-22 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de matériau de multiplication annuel pour des pépinières sous forme dépouillée pour la plantation immédiate

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2134156A2 true EP2134156A2 (fr) 2009-12-23

Family

ID=89987455

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07848770A Withdrawn EP2134156A2 (fr) 2006-11-23 2007-11-22 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de matériau de multiplication annuel pour des pépinières sous forme dépouillée pour la plantation immédiate

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20100043286A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2134156A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2670106A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2009123193A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008062243A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108684411A (zh) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-23 孝感市七彩农业科技有限责任公司 葡萄的种植方法
CN112314215A (zh) * 2020-11-04 2021-02-05 程金凤 一种便于自动切换刀头调整切割深度的绿化用修剪装置
CN115039621B (zh) * 2022-06-09 2024-05-28 深圳市仙湖植物园(深圳市园林研究中心) 一种中国无忧花实生苗的繁殖方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3747312A (en) * 1971-08-25 1973-07-24 J Duncan Nonselective asparagus harvester
DE3866859D1 (de) * 1987-11-16 1992-01-23 Karl Heitzler Einzelballen-aushebe- und reihenrodegeraet.
DE3943053A1 (de) * 1989-12-28 1991-07-04 Karl Heitzler Einzelballen-unterschneide- und aushebegeraet
RU2150189C1 (ru) * 1998-12-11 2000-06-10 Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лесоводства и механизации лесного хозяйства Способ выращивания посадочного материала
JP2005000176A (ja) * 2001-02-21 2005-01-06 Noriko Takeda 吸水ポリマー製人工培土による植物栽培方法、植物用保水体及びその製造方法並びに使用方法、根腐れ防止剤及び根腐れ防止方法、並びに保水剤及び保水方法
DE10109957B4 (de) * 2001-03-01 2005-02-10 Josef Buerke Vorrichtung zum maschinellen Abschneiden von sich in einem Kartoffeldamm befindenden Kartoffelpflanzen-Wurzeln von den Knollen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008062243A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100043286A1 (en) 2010-02-25
RU2009123193A (ru) 2010-12-27
WO2008062243A2 (fr) 2008-05-29
WO2008062243A3 (fr) 2008-07-17
CA2670106A1 (fr) 2008-05-29

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