Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the improvement of the biological activity of aqueous agrochemical suspension concentrates in soil application by increasing the uptake of active ingredient via the root using suitable adjuvants and their use for controlling noxious insects or phytopathogenic fungi.
• the application rate of the active ingredient can be reduced by the compositions of the invention or an improved effect is achieved at the same rate.
• the water consumption can be minimized.
• An adjuvant in this context is a component which improves the biological activity of the active ingredients in the compositions according to the invention without exhibiting a biological effect itself.
• the adjuvants are preferably incorporated into the concentrated formulation of the agrochemical active ingredient (in-can formulation). These ready-to-use formulations help prevent dosage errors and improve the safety of users in the application of agrochemicals. Furthermore, this avoids the unnecessary use of packaging material compared to use in the tank mix process.
• Agrochemical active substances can be applied in different ways for controlling harmful organisms.
• a treatment of the culture substrate can also be carried out, for example by spraying on the ground, casting, side dressing, shower-drenching, overhead drenching or application in the context of an irrigation system (drip irrigation).
• the culture substrate can be soil, but also special substrates based on peat moss, coconut fibers, rock wool, such as Grodan®, pumice, expanded clay, such as Lecaton® or Lecadan®, clay granules, such as Seramis®, foams, such as Baystrat®, vermiculite, perlite, man-made earth, such as Hygromull®, or combinations of these substrates.
• WO 05/036963 describes formulations of this type which, in addition to certain fungicides, also contain at least one penetration promoter.
• the penetrants described in these formulations suitable for foliar application are defined as being able to penetrate the aqueous spray mixture and / or the spray coating into the cuticle of the plant and thereby increase the tissue mobility (mobility) of active ingredients in the cuticle.
• the method described in the literature can be used to determine this property.
• the mechanisms that describe the uptake of drugs by the leaf cuticle are known.
• the present invention thus relates to the use of suitable adjuvants for increasing the uptake of active ingredients via the root system.
• the present invention therefore also relates to formulations containing these adjuvants.
• the subject matter of the present invention is also the use of these adjuvants or agrochemical compositions for improving the action of soil-agrochemical compositions, e.g. by spraying on the ground, casting, side-drenching, shower-drenching, overhead drenching or using an irrigation system and direct application in water to plants that are in direct contact with the water phase.
• the invention furthermore relates to the use of these formulations for combating soil-borne harmful organisms and leaf pests.
• additives from the group of antifoaming agents, preservatives, antioxidants, spreading agents, dyes and / or
• the suspension concentrates according to the invention are referred to as aqueous because they contain virtually no organic solvent, in any case less than 7.5 g / l.
• a non-ionic surfactants are all commonly used in agrochemical agents substances of this type into consideration.
• Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block copolymers polyethylene glycol ethers of linear alcohols, reaction products of fatty acids with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of polyvinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (meth ) Acrylklam, further alkyl ethoxylates and alkylaryl ethoxylates, which may optionally be phosphated and optionally neutralized with bases, polyoxyamine derivatives and nonylphenol ethoxylates.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are all substances of this type conventionally usable in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of alkylsulfonic acids or alkylarylsulfonic acids.
• anionic surfactants or dispersants are salts of polystyrenesulfonic acids, salts of polyvinylsulfonic acids, salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation products, salts of condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid, phenolsulfonic acid and formaldehyde and salts of lignosulfonic acid.
• the suspension concentrates according to the invention particularly preferably comprise an antifreeze from the group of polyglycerols and polyglycerol derivatives.
• Polyglycerols and polyglycerol derivatives are described in DE-A 100 23 153. Very particular preference is given to the polyglycerols and polyglycerol derivatives which are marketed under the trade name Synergen GL®.
• compositions according to the invention contain further additives from the groups of the foam-inhibiting agents, the preservatives, the antioxidants, the spreading agents, the dyes and / or the thickeners.
• Suitable foam-inhibiting substances are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions.
• Preferred are silicone oils and magnesium stearate.
• Suitable preservatives are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions of this type. Examples which may be mentioned are Preventol® (Bayer AG) and Proxel®. As antioxidants are all commonly used for this purpose in agrochemical agents substances into consideration. Examples include: butylhydroxytoluene (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, BHT), propyl gallate, octyl gallate, dodecyl gallate, butylated hydroxyanisole, propyl paraben, sodium benzoate and 4,4 '- (2,3-dimethyltetramethylene) dibrenz-catechin (nordihydroguaiaretic acid). Preference is given to butylhydroxytoluene (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, BHT).
• Suitable spreading agents are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to polyether- or organo-modified polysiloxanes.
• Suitable dyes are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions. Examples include titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide and blue pigments as well as permanent red FGR.
• Suitable thickeners are all substances of this type conventionally usable in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to silicates (such as, for example, Atagel® 50 from Engelhard) or xanthan gum (such as, for example, Kelzane® S from Kelko).
• silicates such as, for example, Atagel® 50 from Engelhard
• xanthan gum such as, for example, Kelzane® S from Kelko
• An adjuvant in the context of the present invention is a substance which, in the test system described below, brings about an improvement in the uptake of agrochemical active ingredient via the root in the plant:
• a representative number (more than 40) seeds of a selected crop (tomato plants, variety Rentita) are seeded individually in cavities of Styrofoam perforated trays filled with peat culture substrate based special soil.
• the floatable trays are then exposed in containers with nutrient solution based on 0.1% Bayfolan ® and until reaching the desired plant size at 25 ° C, 80% rel. Humidity and 12 hours exposure (Na steam lamps) cultivated.
• the active substance and (potential) adjuvant-containing solutions are added directly to the nutrient solution of individual containers before inserting the trays.
• Tomato sprouts are harvested 12 and 19 days after treatment and extracted with acetonitrile: water in the ratio 80:20 (v / v) and then the content of imidacloprid and the relevant degradation products is determined quantitatively by HPLC - MS / MS in a suitable manner.
• the extracted samples are analyzed using an Applied Biosystems API 4000 QTrap HPLC-MS / MS in MRM mode.
• the HPLC system consists of an Agilent 1 100 pump, column oven, degassing unit and a CTC-PAL autosampler. Samples are chromatographed on a Phenomenex GEMINI 3 ⁇ m column (length 50 mm, inner diameter 2.1 mm) in reversed phase mode with gradient elution (eluent from acetonitrile / water / 0.1% formic acid).
• MS conditions for quantitation 256.1> 209.2 (ESI +; imidacloprid) and 155.9> 111.9 (ESI- 6-CNA).
• the concentration of imidacloprid is 0.1 ⁇ g imidacloprid / ml nutrient solution (0.1 ppm).
• the concentrations of the tested adjuvants in the nutrient solution are between 2.5 ⁇ g / ml and 0.1 mg / ml (2.5 and 100 ppm).
• the same test is performed without the addition of a potential adjuvant.
• the adjuvants according to the invention shows in this test compared to the control by at least 20% increased drug absorption.
• the root of the plant is only in contact with the nutrient solution. This excludes the possibility that other properties of the adjuvants, such as distribution in the culture substrate, concentration profiles, etc., may influence the uptake via the root.
• compositions according to the invention can be prepared by mixing the components together and optionally grinding the resulting suspension.
• the invention therefore furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of the compositions according to the invention, comprising mixing
• one or more additives from the groups of foam-inhibiting agents, preservatives, antioxidants, spreading agents, dyes and / or thickeners.
• suspension concentrates according to the invention have a positive influence on the uptake of agrochemical active ingredients via the root system. Based on the properties of the plant root described in the literature, this was not to be expected.
• the adjuvants which improve the uptake via the root system do not necessarily increase the uptake via the leaf cuticle, which indicates deviating mechanisms of action.
• suspension concentrates according to the invention have very good stability.
• the applied adjuvants, as well as the dispersants of a water-based suspension concentrate have surface active properties, which normally results in competition with the dispersants. This leads to destabilization of the suspension concentrate, especially at high storage temperature or after storage under changing temperature conditions.
• the very good stability of the suspension concentrates according to the invention can be determined by e.g. Dispersion stability, particle size distribution or viscosity of the formulations describe.
• the advantageous effect of the formulations of the invention is given in principle in all agrochemical active ingredients, but especially in insecticidal agents from the classes of neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, butenolides, ketoenols, fiproles, anthranilamides, the Mectine, the spinosyn, the organophosphates and the carbamate.
• Neonicotinoids can be represented by the formula (II),
• Het is a heterocycle selected from the following group of heterocycles:
• 2-chloropyrid-5-yl 2-methylpyrid-5-yl, 1-oxido-3-pyridinio, 2-chloro-1-oxido-5-pyridinio, 2,3-dichloro-1-oxido-5-pyridinio, Tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, 5-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-yl, 2-chlorothiazol-5-yl,
• X is N-NO 2 , N-CN or CH-NO 2 ,
• A is methyl, -N (R 1 ) (R 2 ) or S (R 2 ),
• R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, phenyl-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 2 -
• Clothianidin (II-2) has the formula
• Acetamiprid (11-5) has the formula and is known from WO Al 91/04965.
• Nitenpyram (II-6) has the formula
• Imidacloprid (II-7) has the formula
• insecticidally active compounds from the class of pyrethroids which can be used according to the invention include, for example, substances (III-1) to (III-II):
• R 3 -CH 3 or -CO 2 CH 3
• insecticidally active substances from the class of butenolides which can be used according to the invention are generally defined by the formula (JV):
• R is methyl or cyclopropyl.
• inventively employable insecticidal active ingredients from the class of ketoenols are generally defined by the formula (V):
• W is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy or cyano,
• X is halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy or cyano,
• Y is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, cyano, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy or in each case optionally substituted phenyl or hetaryl,
• Z is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cyano, alkoxy or haloalkoxy,
• A represents hydrogen, in each case optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted cycloalkyl in which optionally at least one ring atom is replaced by a heteroatom, or in each case optionally by halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy , Cyano or nitro substituted aryl, arylalkyl or hetaryl,
• B is hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl, or
• a and B together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded represent a saturated or unsaturated unsubstituted or substituted cycle optionally containing at least one heteroatom
• D is hydrogen or an optionally substituted radical from the series alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyalkyl, saturated or unsaturated cycloalkyl in which optionally one or more ring members are replaced by heteroatoms, arylalkyl, aryl, hetarylalkyl or hetaryl or
• alkanediyl or alkenediyl which is optionally substituted by hydroxyl, in each case optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, cycloalkyl, benzyloxy or aryl, or
• D and Q * together with the atoms to which they are bonded, represent a saturated or unsaturated and optionally at least one heteroatom-containing cycle which is unsubstituted or substituted in the D, Q 1 part,
• Q! is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl
• Q 1, CA Q 1 and Q 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen or alkyl
• Cj3 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl (wherein optionally a
• Methylene group is replaced by oxygen or sulfur) or optionally substituted phenyl, or
• G is hydrogen (a) or one of the groups io (e) i
• E is a metal ion equivalent or an ammonium ion
• L is oxygen or sulfur
• M is oxygen or sulfur
• R.6 represents in each case optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, polyalkoxyalkyl or optionally halogen, alkyl or alkoxy-substituted cycloalkyl which may be interrupted by at least one heteroatom, in each case optionally substituted phenyl, phenylalkyl, hetaryl, phenoxyalkyl or hetaryloxy - alkyl,
• R 7 is in each case optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, polyalkoxyalkyl or in each case optionally substituted cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl,
• R.8, R9 and R10 independently of one another are each optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, alkenylthio, cycloalkylthio or in each case optionally substituted phenyl, benzyl, phenoxy or phenylthio,
• R 1 and R 1 independently of one another represent hydrogen, in each case optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted benzyl, or together with the N-atom to which they are attached an optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulfur cycle.
• the compounds (VI) to (V-5) may be mentioned:
• Insecticidal active substances from the class of the fiproles which can be used according to the invention are fipronil (VI-I) and ethiprol (VI-2).
• Insecticidal active compounds from the class of the anthranilamides which can be used according to the invention are, for example, (VII-I) to (VÜ-23)
• insecticidal agents of the class of the Mectins which can be used according to the invention are mentioned
• insecticidal agents of the class of spinosyns which can be used according to the invention are insecticidal agents of the class of spinosyns which can be used according to the invention.
• Insecticidal active substances from the class of the organophosphates which can be used according to the invention are, for example, acephates, azamethiphos, azinphos (-methyl, -ethyl), bromophos-ethyl, bromfenvinfos (-methyl), butathiofos, cadusafos, carbophenothione, chloroethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos (- methylethyl), coumaphos, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, chlorfenvinphos, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulphon, dialifos, diazinon, dichlofenthione, dichlorvos / DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoates, dimethylvinphos, dioxabenzofos, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos,
• carbamate class insecticidal active substances which can be used according to the invention are alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, allyxycarb, aminocarb, bendocarb, benfuracarb, bufencarb, butacarb, butocarboxime, butoxycarboxime, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, Cloethocarb, dimetilane, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, fenothiocarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, metam-sodium, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, promecarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, trimethacarb, XMC, xylylcarb and triazamates
• Fungicidal agents which can be used according to the invention are, for example:
• Azoxystrobin Cyazofamide, Dimoxystrobin, Enestrobin, Famoxadone, Fenamidon, Fluoxastrobin, Kresoximethyl, Metominostrobin, Orysastrobin, Pyraclostrobin,
• Prothioconazole pyrifenox, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triflumizole triforin, triticonazole, uniconazole, voriconazole, viniconazole,
• Inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis Capropamide, diclocymet, fenoxanil, phtalid, pyroquilone, tricyclazole
• Preferred fungicides which can be used according to the invention are fungicides
• Tributylphenol polyglycol ethers having 10 to 15 EO units (where EO is ethylene oxide), commercially available, for example, in the Sapogenat® product line (1-3) Branched alkanol alkoxylates of the formula CH 3 - (CH 2 VCH 2 -OC-CH 2 -CH 2 -O-VH in which t is from 9 to 10.5 and u is from 6 to 10.5 to 25 (preferably to 8 to 12) and t and u represent average values, commercially available, for example, in the Lutensol® product range,
• compositions comprising corn syrup, methylated soybean oil and nonionic emulsifier, commercially available e.g. in the Süperb® product range
• At least one active ingredient selected from insecticidal neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, butenolides, ketoenols, fiprols, anthranilamides, mectins, spinosyns, organophosphates and carbamates and / or at least one active ingredient selected from the above-mentioned fungicides,
• compositions according to the invention contain:
• compositions according to the invention contain:
• At least one fungicide selected from the group consisting of etridiazole, fosetyl-aluminum, propamocarb hydrochloride, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, benalaxyl-M, azoxystrobin, dimetomorph, pyrimethanil, carbendazim, dithiofencarb, thiophanate-methyl, prochloraz, boscalid, trifloxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, Iprodione, Propamocarb Fosetylate, Prothioconazole, Triticonazole, Fluquinconazole, Triadimenol, Iprovalicarb,
• compositions according to the invention comprise:
• Active ingredient selected from (VIII-I) to (VIII-6) and / or (IX-I) and / or at least one
• additives from the group of antifoaming agents, preservatives, antioxidants, spreading agents, dyes and / or
• compositions according to the invention comprise:
• At least one fungicide selected from the group consisting of etridiazole, fosetyl-aluminum, propamocarb hydrochloride, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, benalaxyl-M,
• Azoxystrobin dimetomorph, pyrimethanil, carbendazim, dithiofencarb, thiophanate-methyl, prochloraz, boscalid, trifloxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, iprodione, propamocarbose-fosetylate, prothioconazole, triticonazole, fluquinconazole, triadimenol, iprovalicarb,
• additives from the group of antifoaming agents, preservatives, antioxidants, spreading agents, dyes and / or
• compositions according to the invention contain
• agrochemically active compounds which can be used according to the invention, preferably 5 to 50% by weight and particularly preferably 10 to 30% by weight,
• At least one adjuvant according to the invention generally between 1 and 50% by weight of at least one adjuvant according to the invention, preferably 2 to 30% by weight and particularly preferably 5 to 20% by weight,
• additives from the groups of foam-inhibiting agents, preservatives, antioxidants, spreading agents, dyes and / or thickeners, preferably between 0, 1 and 15 wt .-%.
• the production of the suspension concentrates according to the invention takes place in such a way that the components are mixed together in the respectively desired ratios.
• the order in which the ingredients are mixed together is arbitrary. Conveniently, one uses the solid components in a finely ground state. But it is also possible after the Mixing the components resulting suspension first coarse and then subjected to a fine grinding, so that the average particle size is below 20 microns. Preference is given to suspension concentrates in which the solid particles have an average particle size of between 1 and 10 ⁇ m.
• the temperatures can be varied in carrying out the method according to the invention in a certain range. It generally works at temperatures between 10 0 C and 60 0 C, preferably between 15 ° C and 40 0 C.
• customary mixing and grinding devices which are used for the production of agrochemical formulations are suitable.
• compositions according to the invention are formulations which remain stable even after prolonged storage at elevated temperatures or in the cold, since no crystal growth is observed. They can be converted by dilution with water into homogeneous spray liquids.
• compositions according to the invention can be varied within a relatively wide range. It depends on the particular agrochemical active ingredients and their content in the compositions.
• insects, arachnids, helminths, nematodes and mollusks found in agriculture, horticulture, forests and gardens and recreational facilities. They can preferably be used as crop protection agents. They are effective against normally sensitive and resistant species as well as against all or individual stages of development.
• the above mentioned pests include:
• Anoplura e.g. Damalinia spp., Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Trichodectes spp.
• Epitrimerus pyri Eutetranychus spp., Eriophyes spp., Hemitarsonemus spp., Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Latrodectus mactans, Metatetranychus spp., Oligonychus spp., Ornithodoros spp., Panonychus spp., Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp ., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Scorpio maurus, Stenotarsonemus spp., Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus spp., Vasates lycopersici.
• Ceuthorhynchus spp. Ceuthorhynchus spp., Cleonus mendicus, Conoderus spp., Cosmopolites spp., Costelytra zealandica, Curculio spp., Cryptorhynchus lapathi, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Epilachna spp., Faustinus cubae, Gibbium psylloides, Heteronychus arator, Hylamorpha elegans, Hylotrupes bajulus, Hypera postica, Hypothenemus spp., Lachnosterna consanguinea, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Lixus spp., Lyctus spp., Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha melolontha, Migdolus spp., Mono
• Gastropoda e.g. Arion spp., Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Galba spp., Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania spp., Succinea spp.
• helminths from the class of helminths, for example, Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Acylostoma braziliensis, Ancylostoma spp., Ascaris lubricoides, Ascaris spp., Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, Bunostomum spp., Chabertia spp., Clonorchis spp., Cooperia spp., Dicrocoelium spp, Dictyocaulus filaria, Diphyllobothrium latum, Dracunculus medinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, Enterobius vermicularis, Faciola spp., Haemonchus spp., Heterakis spp , Hymenolepis nana, Hyostrongulus spp., Loa
• protozoa such as Eimeria
• Eimeria protozoa
• Heliopeltis spp. Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lygus spp., Macropes excavatus, Miridae, Nezara spp., Oebalus spp., Pentomidae, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp., Psallus seriatus, Pseudacysta persea, Rhodnius spp. Sahlbergella singularis, Scotinophora spp., Stephanitis nashi, Tibraca spp., Triatoma spp.
• Hymenoptera e.g. Diprion spp., Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Vespa spp.
• Pseudoplusia includens, Pyrausta nubilalis, Spodoptera spp., Thermesia gemmatalis, Tinea pellionella, Tineola bisselliella, Tortrix viridana, Trichoplusia spp ..
• Orthoptera e.g. Acheta domesticus, Blatta orientalis, Blattella germanica, Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Melanoplus spp., Periplaneta americana, Schistocerca gregaria.
• siphonaptera e.g. Ceratophyllus spp., Xenopsylla cheopis.
• Symphyla e.g. Scutigerella immaculata.
• Thysanoptera e.g. Basothrips biformis, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips spp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Kakothrips spp., Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp., Taeniothrips cardamoni, Thrips spp.
• the plant parasitic nematodes include, for example, Anguina spp., Aphelenchoides spp., Belonoaimus spp., Bursaphelenchus spp., Ditylenchus dipsaci, Globodera spp., Heliocotylenchus spp., Heterodera spp., Longidorus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Radopholus similis, Rotylenchus spp., Trichodorus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., Tylenchulus spp., Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Xiphinema spp.
• Insecticidal compositions according to the invention may contain, in addition to at least one of the active substances mentioned, other active ingredients such as further insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth-regulating substances, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers or semiochemicals.
• other active ingredients such as further insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth-regulating substances, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers or semiochemicals.
• Particularly favorable mixing partners are e.g. the following:
• Oxadiazines for example Indoxacarb
• Organochlorines for example, camphechlor, chlordane, endosulfan, gamma-HCH, HCH, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor Fiproles, for example, acetoprole, pyrafluprole, pyriprole, vaniliprole
• Juvenile hormone mimetics for example, diofenolan, epofenonans, fenoxycarb, hydroprene, kinoprenes, methoprenes, pyriproxifen, triprene
• Diacylhydrazines for example chromafenozide, Halofenozide, Methoxyfenozide, Tebufenozide
• Benzoylureas for example bistrifluron, chlorofluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, fenphenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, penfluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron
• Organotin compounds for example azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin oxides
• Dinitrophenols for example binapacyrl, dinobutone, dinocap, DNOC
• METI's for example fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad,
• Biologics hormones or pheromones Azadirachtin, bacillus spec, beauveria spec, codlemone, metarrhicon spec, paecilomyces spec, thuringiensin, verticillium spec.
• Fumigants for example aluminum phosphides, methyl bromides, sulfuryl fluorides
• Food inhibitors for example Cryolite, Flonicamid, Pymetrozine
• Mite growth inhibitors for example clofentezine, etoxazole, hexythiazox
• compositions of the invention may further contain synergists.
• Synergists are compounds which increase the effect of the active ingredients without the added synergist itself having to be active.
• compositions of the invention may further contain inhibitors which reduce degradation of the active agent after use.
• the application is done in a custom-adapted formulation.
• the treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant parts with the compositions is carried out by soil treatment, e.g. in the species listed at the beginning.
• Breeding methods such as crossing or protoplast fusion obtained plant species and
• transgenic plants and plant cultivars which have been obtained by genetic engineering methods, if appropriate in combination with conventional methods (Genetically Modified Organisms) are treated. It is particularly preferred according to the invention to treat plants of the respective commercially available or in use plant cultivars.
• Plant varieties are understood as meaning plants having new traits which have been bred by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. These can be varieties, biotypes and genotypes.
• the treatment according to the invention may also give rise to superadditive ("synergistic") effects.
• superadditive for example, reduced application rates and / or enhancements of the spectrum of action and / or enhancement of the effect of the compositions of the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to dryness or against water or Bodensalzgehalt, increased flowering, easier harvesting , Acceleration of ripeness, higher crop yields, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the harvested products, higher shelf life and / or workability of the harvested products possible, which go beyond the actual expected effects.
• the preferred plants or plant varieties to be treated according to the invention to be treated include all plants which, as a result of the genetic engineering modification, obtained genetic material which gives these plants particularly advantageous valuable properties ("traits").
• traits are better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to dryness or to bottoms salt, increased flowering, easier harvesting, acceleration of ripeness, higher crop yields, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the harvested products , higher shelf life and / or workability of the harvested products.
• Further and particularly emphasized examples of such properties are an increased defense of the plants against animal and microbial pests, as against insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and / or viruses as well as an increased tolerance of the plants to certain herbicidal active substances.
• transgenic plants are the important crops such as cereals (wheat, rice), corn, soybeans, potatoes, sugar beets, tomatoes, peas and other vegetables, cotton, tobacco, oilseed rape and fruit plants (with the fruits apples, pears, citrus fruits and Grapes), with special emphasis on maize, soya, potato, cotton, tobacco and oilseed rape.
• Bt plants are produced in the plants (hereinafter "Bt plants”.
• Traits also highlight the increased resistance of plants to fungi, bacteria and viruses by systemic acquired resistance (SAR), systemin, phytoalexins, elicitors and resistance genes and correspondingly expressed proteins and toxins. Traits which are furthermore particularly emphasized are the increased tolerance of the plants to certain herbicidally active compounds, for example imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, glyphosate or phosphinotricin (eg "PAT" gene). The genes which confer the desired properties (“traits”) can also occur in combinations with one another in the transgenic plants.
• SAR systemic acquired resistance
• PAT phosphinotricin
• Bt plants are maize varieties, cotton varieties, soybean varieties and potato varieties which are sold under the trade names YIELD GARD® (eg corn, cotton, soya), KnockOut® (eg maize), StarLink® (eg maize), Bollgard® ( Cotton), Nucotn® (cotton) and NewLeaf® (potato).
• YIELD GARD® eg corn, cotton, soya
• KnockOut® eg maize
• StarLink® eg maize
• Bollgard® Cotton
• Nucotn® cotton
• NewLeaf® potato
• herbicide-tolerant plants are maize varieties, cotton varieties and soybean varieties, which are sold under the trade names Roundup Ready® (tolerance to glyphosate eg corn, cotton, soy), Liberty Link® (tolerance to phosphinotricin, eg rapeseed), IMI® (tolerance against imidazolinone) and STS® (tolerance to sulfonylureas eg corn).
• Roundup Ready® tolerance to glyphosate eg corn, cotton, soy
• Liberty Link® tolerance to phosphinotricin, eg rapeseed
• IMI® tolerance against imidazolinone
• STS® tolerance to sulfonylureas eg corn
• Clearfield® varieties eg corn
• the plants listed can be treated particularly advantageously erf ⁇ ndungshiel with the compositions of the invention.
• the preferred ranges given above also apply to the treatment of these plants.
• Particularly emphasized is the plant treatment with the compositions specifically listed in the present text.
• compositions are also useful in the control of animal pests in household, sanitary and storage protection, particularly insects, arachnids and mites, which may be found in confined spaces such as homes, factories, offices, vehicle cabins and the like. occurrence. They can be used to control these pests, alone or in combination with other active ingredients and adjuvants in household insecticide products. They are effective against sensitive and resistant species and against all stages of development. These pests include:
• Scorpionidea eg Buthus occitanus.
• Acarina eg Argas persicus, Argas reflexus, Bryobia ssp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Glyciphagus domesticus, Ornithodorus moubat, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Trombicula alfreddugesi, Neutrombicula autumnalis, Dermatophagoides pteronissimus, Dermatophagoides forinae.
• Opiliones e.g. Pseudoscorpiones chelifer, Pseudosco ⁇ iones cheiridium, Opiliones phalangium.
• Zygentoma e.g. Ctenolepisma spp., Lepisma saccharina, Lepismodes inquilinus.
• Diptera e.g. Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes taeniorhynchus, Anopheles spp., Calliphora erythrocephala, Chrysozona pluvialis, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex pipiens, Culex tarsalis, Drosophila spp., Fannia canicularis, Musca domestica, Phlebotomus spp., Sarcophaga carnaria, Simulium spp., Stomoxys Calcitrans, Tipula paludosa.
• Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans, Xenopsylla cheopis.
• Hymenoptera e.g. Camponotus herculeanus, Lasius fuliginosus, Lasius niger, Lasius umbratus, Monomorium pharaonis, Paravespula spp., Tetramorium caespitum.
• Heteroptera e.g. Cimex hemipterus, Cimex lectularius, Rhodinus prolixus, Triatoma infestans.
• the fungicidal compositions of the invention have very good miticidal properties and can be used for controlling phytopathogenic fungi, such as Plasmodiophoromycetes, Oomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, etc.
• Blumeria species such as Blumeria graminis
• Podosphaera species such as Podosphaera leucotricha
• Sphaerotheca species such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea
• Uncinula species such as Uncinula necator
• Gymnosporangium species such as Gymnosporangium sabinae
• Hemileia species such as Hemileia vastatrix
• Phakopsora species such as Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae
• Puccinia species such as Puccinia recondita or Puccinia triticina
• Uromyces species such as Uromyces appendiculatus
• Bremia species such as Bremia lactucae
• Peronospora species such as Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae
• Peronospora species such as Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae
• Phytophthora species such as Phytophthora infestans
• Plasmopara species such as Plasmopara viticola
• Pseudoperonospora species such as Pseudoperonospora humuli or
• Pseudoperonospora cubensis Pythium species such as Pythium ultimum;
• Alternaria species such as Alternaria solani;
• Cercospora species such as Cercospora beticola
• Cladiosporum species such as Cladiosporium cucumerinum
• Cochliobolus species such as Cochliobolus sativus
• Colletotrichum species such as Colletotrichum lindemuthanium
• Cycloconium species such as cycloconium oleaginum
• Diaporthe species such as Diaporthe citri
• Elsinoe species such as Elsinoe fawcettii
• Gloeosporium species such as, for example, Gloeosporium laeticolor
• Glomerella species such as Glomerella cingulata
• Guignardia species such as Guignardia bidwelli
• Leptosphaeria species such as Leptosphaeria maculans
• Magnaporthe species such as Magnaporthe grisea
• Mycosphaerella species such as Mycosphaerella graminicola
• Phaeosphaeria species such as Phaeosphaeria nodorum
• Pyrenophora species such as, for example, Pyrenophora teres
• Ramularia species such as Ramularia collo-cygni
• Rhynchosporium species such as Rhynchosporium secalis
• Septoria species such as Septoria apii
• Typhula species such as Typhula incarnata
• Venturia species such as Venturia inaequalis
• Corticium species such as Corticium graminearum
• Fusarium species such as Fusarium oxysporum
• Gaeumannomyces species such as Gaeumannomyces graminis
• Rhizoctonia species such as Rhizoctonia solani
• Tapesia species such as Tapesia acuformis
• Thielaviopsis species such as Thielaviopsis basicola
• Ear and panicle diseases caused by e.g.
• Alternaria species such as Alternaria spp .
• Aspergillus species such as Aspergillus flavus
• Cladosporium species such as Cladosporium spp .
• Claviceps species such as Claviceps purpurea
• Fusarium species such as Fusarium culmorum
• Gibberella species such as Gibberella zeae
• Monographella species such as Monographella nivalis
• Sphacelotheca species such as Sphacelotheca reiliana
• Tilletia species such as Tilletia caries
• Urocystis species such as Urocystis occulta
• Ustilago species such as Ustilago nuda
• Aspergillus species such as Aspergillus flavus
• Botrytis species such as Botrytis cinerea
• Penicillium species such as Penicillium expansum
• Sclerotinia species such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
• Verticilium species such as Verticilium alboatrum
• Fusarium species such as Fusarium culmorum
• Phytophthora species such as Phytophthora cactorum
• Pythium species such as Pythium ultimum
• Rhizoctonia species such as Rhizoctonia solani
• Sclerotium species such as Sclerotium rolfsii
• Nectria species such as Nectria galligena
• Taphrina species such as Taphrina deformans
• Esca species such as Phaemoniella clamydospora
• Botrytis species such as Botrytis cinerea
• Rhizoctonia species such as Rhizoctonia solani
• Xanthomonas species such as Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae;
• Pseudomonas species such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans;
• Erwinia species such as Erwinia amylovora
• the following diseases of soybean beans can be controlled:
• Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria spec. Atrans tenuissima), Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium var. Truncatum), Brown spot (Septoria glycines), Cercospora leaf spot and blight (Cercospora kikuchii), Choanephora leaf blight (Choanephora infundibulifera trispora (Syn.)) , Dactuliophora leaf spot (Dactuliophora glycines), Downy Mildew (Peronospora manshurica), Drechslera blight (Drechslera glycini), Frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), Leptosphaerulina leaf spot (Leptosphaerulina trifolii), Phyllostica leaf spot (Phyllosticta sojaecola), Powdery Mildew (Phyllosticta sojaecola) Microspha
• Phytophthora red (Phytophthora megasperma), Brown Star Red (Phialophora gregata), Pythium Red (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregular, Pythium Debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum), Rhizoctonia Root Red, Star Decay, and Damping Off (Rhizoctonia solani), Sclerotinia Star Decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), Sclerotinia Southern Blight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), Thielaviopsis Root Red (Thielaviopsis basicola).
• Bayfolan ® exposed and until reaching the desired plant size at 25 ° C, 80% rel.
• the adjuvant according to the invention was defined as those substances which increased the absorption by more than 20% compared to the control.
• Table 1 Improvement of imidacloprid uptake in tomato plants after addition of 0.008 mg imidacloprid and 8 mg adjuvant per plant. When mixtures were added, 8 mg each.
• a suspension concentrate all the liquid components are first mixed together. In the next step, the solids are added and stirred until a homogeneous suspension is formed. The homogeneous suspension is first subjected to a coarse and then a fine grinding, so that one contains a suspension in which 90% of the solid particles have a particle size below 10 microns. Then add Kelzan® S and water while stirring at room temperature. There is obtained a homogeneous suspension concentrate.
• Table 2a Compositions of formulations according to the invention
• a comparative example (suspension concentrate with surfactant which is not an adjuvant according to the invention, here Geropon® SDS, see also Table 1)
• all the liquid components are first mixed together.
• the solids are added and stirred until a homogeneous suspension is formed.
• the homogeneous suspension is first subjected to a coarse and then a fine grinding, so that one contains a suspension in which 90% of the solid particles have a particle size below 10 microns.
• Kelzan® S and water while stirring at room temperature. There is obtained a homogeneous suspension concentrate.
• Table 3 Compositions of a comparative formulation (in% by weight)
• the measurements were carried out using a commercially available tensiometer from Kruess GmbH (Hamburg / Germany) and using a platinum ring according to OECD guideline No. 115.
• the measuring vessel and the platinum ring were cleaned with traces of adhering chemicals before being measured with acetone.
• the platinum ring was additionally cleaned by annealing traces of any surface-active substances. All samples were measured shortly after their preparation. For measurement, the samples were filled at least 1 cm high (without foaming) in the meter. Thereafter, the samples were tempered until they reached the measuring temperature (25 ° C.). The platinum ring was then immersed in the sample (about 5 mm).
• the platinum ring was then moved out of the sample liquid at a constant speed of 5 mm / min according to OECD guideline no. The necessary traction is measured continuously. The maximum value of the required traction is recorded as the measured value. Then the ring is submerged again under the surface and the measurement is repeated. The test is carried out a total of five times and the average of all measurements reported as surface tension [mN / ra].
• Table 4 Static surface tension of formulations according to the invention (27 mg SC (8 mg active ingredient) in 1000 ml water at 25 ° C.).
• the dispersibility is determined by the CIPAC MT 180 method, the particle size (Part) is measured on a Malvern Mastersizer 2000, and the dynamic viscosity (Visk) is measured at 20 s "1 on a RheoStress RS 150 from Haake.
• Paprika plants of the variety 'Feher' are transplanted into 3 liter plastic pots (13.5 x 13.5 x 23.5 cm) with natural soil or coconut fiber substrate. After transplanting the plants at 24 ° C, 70% rel. Humidity and 12h light (Na steam lamps) cultivated. Fertilization and irrigation is done via a drip hose per pot. Fertilizer solutions of approx. 3 x 20 ml per pot are applied daily. The insecticide or insecticide adjuvant drench solution is applied after one day interruption of fertilizer solution administration 29 days after sowing. The volume of drench solution is about 60 ml / pot.
• the drench solution is applied to the substrate in a circular manner around the shoot base by means of a pipette.
• the drench solution contains 0.355 mg imidacloprid / plant. 1 day after application of the drench solution, the supply of the plants with water and fertilizer solution is switched on again.
• the number of aphids remaining on a treated plant is critical to rebuilding the aphid population. This leads to significant differences being found in the aphid experiments in the greenhouse only at very low concentrations compared to the practice.
• the applied amount of active ingredient of 0.355 mg / plant is higher by a factor of 5 than the breaking edge in the greenhouse experiment with the standard formulation without adjuvant. Therefore, a difference of 5% in the effect is significant.
• efficiencies above 95% have less than 10 aphids on the treated plant; Anfertörzzien of 5% in this area are clearly visible, since, for example, 10 aphids (90-95% effect) to build up the population much faster than z. B. 2-3 aphid (> 98% effect).
• the third leaf of each pepper plant is cut off 20 days after drench application, placed in a Petri dish and covered with Spododoptera exigua larvae. After the desired time, the effect on the larvae is determined in% mortality (Use Example 4, Table 10).
• Application example 1 Myzus persicae in field soil

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