EP2024634B1 - Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor - Google Patents

Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2024634B1
EP2024634B1 EP07764556.2A EP07764556A EP2024634B1 EP 2024634 B1 EP2024634 B1 EP 2024634B1 EP 07764556 A EP07764556 A EP 07764556A EP 2024634 B1 EP2024634 B1 EP 2024634B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow plug
gradient
temperature
threshold value
supply voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07764556.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2024634A1 (de
Inventor
Markus Kernwein
Olaf Toedter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
BorgWarner Beru Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BorgWarner Beru Systems GmbH filed Critical BorgWarner Beru Systems GmbH
Publication of EP2024634A1 publication Critical patent/EP2024634A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2024634B1 publication Critical patent/EP2024634B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/025Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs with means for determining glow plug temperature or glow plug resistance
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/021Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs characterised by power delivery controls
    • F02P19/023Individual control of the glow plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a glow plug in a diesel engine.
  • the EP 0 370 964 A1 discloses a glow plug control device which continuously flows a heating current through the glow plug during a heating phase and stops the heating by switching off the heating current as soon as the time gradient of the current reaches a threshold value.
  • a method for detecting a type of glow plug wherein the resistance gradient is determined in the annealing mode and used as a parameter typical of glow plug. By comparing the determined resistance gradient with stored reference values, the type of glow plug used is determined. Then suitable application parameters are used for the control of the glow plug, which are stored in a control unit for the respective glow plug type.
  • FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of a glow plug control unit 1 for carrying out a method which is described in the article " The electronically controlled glow system ISS for diesel engines ", published in DE-Z MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift 61, (2000) 10, pp. 668-675 , is known.
  • This control unit includes a microprocessor 2 with integrated digital-to-analog converter, a number of MOSFET power semiconductor 3 for switching on and off an equal number of glow plugs 4, an electrical interface 5 for connection to a motor control unit 6 and an internal power supply 7 for the microprocessor 2 and for the interface 5.
  • the internal power supply 7 has via the "terminal 15" of a vehicle connection to a vehicle battery.
  • the microprocessor 2 controls the power semiconductors 3, reads their status information and communicates via the electrical interface 5 with the engine control unit 6.
  • the interface 5 makes an adjustment of the signals required for communication between the engine control unit 6 and the microprocessor 2.
  • the power supply 7 supplies a stable voltage for the microprocessor 2 and for the interface 5.
  • the control unit 1 supplies the glow plugs 4 with a heating voltage, the z. B. 11 volts to quickly exceed the ignition temperature - it is about 860 ° C - and to reach the steady temperature, which should accept the glow plug after the ignition of the engine and maintain until the engine has reached its normal operating temperature.
  • the microprocessor 2 controls the power semiconductors 3 by a method of pulse width modulation, with the result that the voltage from the electrical system, which is supplied to the power semiconductors 3 via the "terminal 30" of the vehicle is modulated so that the desired voltage is applied to the glow plugs on average over time.
  • the ignition temperature and the steady-state temperature should be reached as quickly as possible.
  • a temperature of 1000 ° C, starting from a cold engine (eg 0 ° C) is reached after about 2s.
  • Such a rapid increase in temperature can not end abruptly. Therefore, it comes to an overshoot, ie, the temperature rises despite lowering the effective voltage of z. B. 11 volts to 6 volts above the steady-state temperature and reaches a maximum, which is typically some ten degrees to about 200 ° C above the target steady-state temperature, then drop to the steady-state temperature.
  • the time of heating a glow plug from the cold starting point to exceeding the steady-state temperature is also referred to as preheating time or preheating phase.
  • preheating time or preheating phase In order to be achieved, but not exceeded, to the extent that the glow plug is damaged or its service life is impaired, it is known to supply the glow plug in the preheating phase with a predetermined energy in the form of electrical energy. For a given type of glow plug, the energy and time it is supplied in determines how quickly the glow plug glow tip temperature increases and, together with the glow plug output temperature, also affects how high the glow tip temperature overshoot Glow plug fails.
  • a danger point is the achievement of a too high temperature, in particular as a consequence of a too high overshoot in the temperature course.
  • Another danger point arises from the unavoidable thermal inertia of the glow plug and from the fact that glow plugs are composed of materials with different thermal inertia, namely materials with different heat capacity and different thermal conductivity. Therefore, temperature differences occur in the glow plug, in particular in boundary regions between different materials, which generate mechanical stresses which are greater the greater the temperature differences are, and the temperature differences are greater the faster the temperature changes. The mechanical stresses that occur in each preheat phase can damage the glow plug and / or shorten its life.
  • the DE 102 47 042 B3 to model the thermal behavior of the glow plug when heated by a physical model, eg. Example, by a capacitor which is designed so that it stores a supplied electrical energy with similar dynamics as the glow plug, which converts the energy supplied to it during heating electrical energy into heat and stores.
  • the physical model of the glow plug is according to the doctrine of DE 102 47 042 B3 implemented in the control unit for the glow plug and supplied parallel to the heating of the glow plug with a small current. If it is a capacitor, then this is designed so that its state of charge is proportional to the temperature of the glow plug.
  • the state of charge of the capacitor is monitored and, assuming that its state of charge corresponds to the temperature of the glow plug, the glow plug is controlled according to the state of charge.
  • the disadvantage here is that the result of this method can not be better than the physical model.
  • the temperature development of the glow plug depends on many factors: variations in the supply voltage, the variations of the glow plug resistance, the installation conditions of the glow plug in the engine, the engine temperature, the operating condition of the engine, in particular the engine speed, the injection quantity, the Engine load and finally the aging condition of the glow plug.
  • the cooling conditions prevailing in the engine can not or only with difficulty be considered in such a physical model.
  • the DE 103 48 391 B3 suggests, therefore, the cooling conditions by a mathematical Model replicate. This should in particular make it possible to make a statement about the temperature development of a glow plug when the engine has been switched off and is to be restarted. If, in such a case, the glow plug is still warm, it must not be charged with the same energy as in the case of a cold start, because otherwise the glow plug could get too hot and be damaged.
  • a glow plug in a diesel engine in particular in the preheating phase, is controlled by measuring the time gradient of an electrical quantity occurring at the glow plug, comparing it with a limit value and changing the effective electrical supply voltage of the glow plug when passing the limit value. This limit will be changed during the preheat phase.
  • the invention obtains useful information about the course of the heating process of a glow plug from the temporal gradient of a temperature-dependent electrical measured variable.
  • an electrical quantity which depends on the temperature
  • the electrical resistance of the glow plug can be observed and its gradient can be determined.
  • the resistance can be determined by measuring the available vehicle electrical system voltage in conjunction with an independent current measurement.
  • the voltage drop occurring at the supply line to the glow plug is preferably taken into account in order to obtain a measurement result which essentially depends only on the resistance of the heating conductor or heating element provided in the glow plug, but not on the supply line resistance. How to consider the lead resistance in the measurement, is in the DE 10 2006 010 082 A1 which is expressly referred to.
  • Modern Stahlglühkerzen with short heating time have a concentrated on the glow plug tip combination of heating coil and sensor coil, wherein the resistance of the heating coil has a smaller temperature coefficient than the resistance of the control coil, which z. B. may have a PTC characteristic.
  • the gradient of electrical resistance is greatest with a cold glow plug. As the temperature increases, it will drop and go to zero as the glow plug temperature goes through its maximum, going negative when the glow plug temperature drops again and approaching zero as the temperature of the glow plug approaches steady state temperature.
  • the limitation of the maximum of the gradient of the resistance is the easiest way to limit the slope of the temperature rise. The easiest way to do this is to lower the effective supply voltage of the glow plug when the gradient exceeds a predetermined limit. Conversely, in cases where the observed gradient is below a threshold, the effective supply voltage for the glow plug is raised accordingly to accelerate the heating.
  • Another possibility to carry out the method according to the invention is to observe the current consumption of the glow plug, because it is temperature-dependent on the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of the glow plug.
  • the power consumption is greatest with a cold glow plug, then drops until the glow plug goes through its maximum temperature and then rises again slightly until the glow plug approaches its steady-state temperature.
  • the gradient of the current is initially negative, rising during the preheat phase of the glow plug, going through zero when the resistance of the glow plug is at its maximum, and then approaching zero from positive values as the temperature the glow plug approaches its steady-state steady-state temperature.
  • limit values can be formed from empirical values.
  • the course of the gradient of the electrical resistance as well as the course of the gradient of the electrical current can be compared with a reference curve. If the observed time course of the gradient is steeper than the reference curve, this can be counteracted by a reduction in the effective supply voltage of the glow plug, whereas in cases where the observed course of the gradient of the current intensity is shallower than the reference curve, the effective supply voltage for the Glow plug can be temporarily increased to accelerate the heating of the glow plug.
  • a rough hedge of the glow plugs can be achieved by defining a single limit for the gradient of the electrical resistance or for the gradient of the electrical current consumption in order to limit the steepness of the temperature increase upwards absolutely.
  • the limitation is effective in the lower temperature range of the preheating phase.
  • the height of the achievable temperature can be independently of a controlling intervention in the effective supply voltage to avoid exceeding control of limits by supplying the glow plug in the preheating a predetermined energy. This primarily determines the achievable temperature, with the time over which the energy is supplied being somewhat prolonged if an initially too steep temperature increase should be slowed down by the method according to the invention, whereas the preheating phase is shortened if it falls below a lower limit of the gradient the effective supply voltage should be raised.
  • the limit value is changed over the course of the preheating phase, so that not only at the beginning of the preheating phase, but during the entire preheating phase, the steepness of the temperature rise can be controlled.
  • the steps may be determined on a timebase basis, but may also be related to the change in electrical resistance or to the change in electrical current consumption or to the progress of the energy supply, the latter possibility being particularly preferred because it divides the preheat phase into intervals same energy supply automatically means that the adaptation of the limit values takes place the more quickly, the steeper the temperature rise is.
  • the gradients are preferably measured periodically recurring. The shorter the period, the more perfect the control becomes. Conveniently, the gradient is determined at least 20 times per second, preferably at least 30 times per second.
  • the frequency of the pulse width modulation, with which the effective supply voltage is adjusted is preferably an integer multiple of the frequency with which the gradient determination takes place; Particularly preferred is a method in which the two frequencies coincide. This allows synchronization of the timing of the gradient determination with the current supply in the pulse width modulation at the power supply.
  • An advantage of the invention is that it is even possible to regulate the gradient of the electrical resistance or the electrical current consumption to a desired value, which can be derived from the ideal temperature profile of an ideal glow plug. In this way, you can approach the ideal as best as possible with the real temperature curve of the real glow plug.
  • the ideal temperature profile of an ideal glow plug can be stored in the control unit for the glow plug, eg. In the memory of a microprocessor or microcontroller which controls the power supply of the glow plug and the determination of the measured values for the gradient determination, which compares the gradients with the limit values and, depending on the result of the comparison, adapts the effective voltage with which the glow plug is supplied.
  • the limit values can be stored in the memory of the microprocessor or microcontroller, in particular as a sequence of discrete limit values distributed over the course of the preheating phase, from which the microprocessor or microcontroller respectively selects those which at the time belongs within the respective preheat phase for which the gradient was determined.
  • FIG. 2 shows by way of example a typical profile of the temperature of a glow plug and the associated gradients of the gradient of the glow plug resistance and the current flowing through the glow plug and examples of the choice of limits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP07764556.2A 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor Not-in-force EP2024634B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006025834A DE102006025834B4 (de) 2006-06-02 2006-06-02 Verfahren zum Steuern einer Glühkerze in einem Dieselmotor
PCT/EP2007/004813 WO2007140922A1 (de) 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2024634A1 EP2024634A1 (de) 2009-02-18
EP2024634B1 true EP2024634B1 (de) 2014-10-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07764556.2A Not-in-force EP2024634B1 (de) 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8976505B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
EP (1) EP2024634B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JP4944951B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
KR (1) KR101371397B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DE (1) DE102006025834B4 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
WO (1) WO2007140922A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8976505B2 (en) 2015-03-10
DE102006025834A1 (de) 2007-12-06
KR101371397B1 (ko) 2014-03-10
DE102006025834B4 (de) 2010-05-12
US20090316328A1 (en) 2009-12-24
KR20090015093A (ko) 2009-02-11
JP2009539010A (ja) 2009-11-12
EP2024634A1 (de) 2009-02-18
WO2007140922A1 (de) 2007-12-13
JP4944951B2 (ja) 2012-06-06

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