Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/26—Details
  • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/26—Details
  • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
  • B02C2013/2816—Shape or construction of beater elements of chain, rope or cable type

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for crushing debris according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• a device for crushing and mixing of bulk materials has become known.
• a cylindrical housing is arranged upright with an upper task end and a lower discharge end.
• a drive shaft is arranged on which a plurality of circumferentially and / or offset in the axial distance mounted rotor elements are articulated.
• the rotor elements are formed by chains that extend approximately to the housing wall when the rotor is rotated. The material to be processed falls approximately in free fall through the housing and is crushed and homogenized in a suitable manner. It is therefore possible with simple means to achieve a high throughput.
• the material to be shredded is thrown radially outward against the housing wall and at the same time brought to a considerable peripheral speed. There is a risk that the material adheres to the housing wall, especially if it has a certain ability to bind. As a result, the effective crushing is hindered and the throughput reduced.
• the invention has for its object to improve a device of the type mentioned in that the effectiveness of comminution is increased regardless of the heap used.
• the housing has at least two housing sections arranged vertically one above the other, of which the lower, at least in the upper region adjoining the upper area, has a larger diameter than the adjacent area of the upper housing section.
• the radial extension of the rotor elements in the upper region of the lower housing section is greater than the diameter of the lower region of the overlying housing section.
• the housing wall is shaped like a sawtooth in cross section, wherein each housing section is a tapering diameter from top to bottom taper.
• cylindrical housing sections telescopically engage, wherein the diameter of the individual housing sections increases from top to bottom.
• each lower truncated cone being larger in its upper diameter than the smaller diameter of the overlying truncated cone.
• the material may well be domestic waste, which is sufficiently uniform to crush for the purpose of landfilling or incineration or the like.
• the housing which consists of the individual housing sections, mounted vertically movable and adjusted vertically by means of an adjusting device, for example by means of a plurality of circumferentially spaced air bellows. In this way, a cleaning effect is achieved.
• braking elements can be arranged below at least one radial plane of rotor elements at circumferential intervals, which slow down the peripheral speed of the material in the region of the housing inner wall.
• the brake elements are preferably made of flexible material and suitable for deflecting the material downwards via a suitable oblique surface. By slowing down the peripheral speed of the material, a sufficient relative speed between the rotor elements and the material is achieved, which improves the size reduction effect.
• the housing or its inner wall may consist of yielding material. This reduces the adhesion of material. Such a reduction can also be achieved by assigning a vibration device to the housing.
• the housing is associated with a heating device.
• nozzles can be arranged on the wall of the housing, via the z. B. Water is sprayed into the interior to moisten the material and reduce dust.
• the rotor elements can, as in the known case, be formed by chains, which are arranged in circumferential sections on the rotor.
• rod-shaped inherently rigid rotor elements can be provided, which are articulated on the rotor.
• a housing cover may be provided with separate inlets.
• various components of the device according to the invention can be supplied, which are then not only comminuted, but also mixed.
• the drive of the shaft can be arranged above the housing, wherein the shaft extends down into the housing.
• a standing wave can be provided with a drive motor below the housing.
• an annular outlet from the housing may be provided, which surrounds the drive motor or the shaft.
• the ring outlet can in turn be provided with several circumferentially arranged sequences for the purpose of metering the material.
• further devices according to the invention can also be arranged underneath, in order to further reduce the size of the input material and to homogenize it.
• Another embodiment of the invention provides that two coaxial, projecting into the housing shafts are independently driven, preferably with opposite direction of rotation or at different speeds. As a result, the effectiveness of the crushing is increased.
• the waves can also be concentrated be arranged in which an outer shaft is formed as a hollow shaft and an inner is mounted in the hollow shaft.
• Fig. 1 shows in section an embodiment of a device according to the
• Fig. 2 shows in section a similar arrangement as the device according to
• FIG. 3 shows a section through the illustration of FIG. 2 along the
• Fig. 4 shows very schematically a modified embodiment of
• FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the device according to FIG.
• Fig. 6 shows schematically a section through a device according to the
• Fig. 7 shows a side view of a braking element of the device according to
• a housing 10 can be seen, which consists of 3 telescopically cylindrical housing sections 12, 14, 16.
• the housing sections 12 to 16 increase in diameter from bottom to top.
• At a radial flange of the central housing portion 14 engage from below springs 18, with which the interconnected housing sections 12, 14, 16 can be adjusted vertically.
• At a radially outwardly facing flange of the upper housing portion 12 engages on the underside of a vibrating device 20 at. With this, the entire housing 10 can be vibrated.
• a cylindrical skirt 22 connects from flexible material.
• the housing 10 is suspended in a frame 24.
• the frame supports in the upper region 26, the shaft 30 which is driven by an electric motor 28.
• a cylindrical sleeve 32 is mounted rotatably.
• On the sleeve several levels of chains 34 are articulated. In each plane, a plurality of circumferentially spaced chains 34 are provided. The chains extend only at a sufficient rotational speed of the shaft 30 in the horizontal direction, as shown.
• a cover 36 of the housing 10 has a hopper 38, in which via a conveyor 40 material from above can be registered axially parallel.
• the upper housing portion 12 a chain arrangement is provided in three superimposed planes, wherein the outer diameter is approximately the inner diameter of the wall of the housing portion 12.
• the housing diameter of the portion 14 is larger than that of the housing portion 12. Accordingly, the chains in the two superimposed planes are of a larger diameter.
• the chains 34 in the housing section 16 are again radially longer than the chains in the housing section 14. The input from above and falling substantially in free fall material is crushed by the circulating chains and thrown against the housing wall and there moved at a significant peripheral speed. It also moves down. As a result, the material moving on the housing wall of the upper housing section exits onto the chains of the middle housing section and is again effectively comminuted there. The same happens in the housing section 16.
• the crushed material reaches a horizontal conveyor 42.
• a vibration can be continuously transmitted to the housing 10 with the aid of the vibration device.
• FIG. 4 an alternative embodiment of a housing for the device according to the invention is indicated.
• conical housing sections 12a, 14a and 16a are provided, each tapering downwards.
• a step is formed in each case between the housing sections 12a to 16a.
• a rotor element e.g. B. a chain indicated. It can be seen that their radial extent is greater than the diameter of the lower portion of the overlying housing portion. As a result, as with the device according to FIG. 1, the material always falls on a chain and can be crushed effectively.
• FIG. 5 two cylindrical housing sections 14b, 16b can be seen, which are arranged similarly as in Fig. 1.
• the peculiarity in Fig. 5 is that on the inner wall of an upper housing portion 14 b, a cylindrical Affixed portion of flexible material which extends into the underlying housing portion 16b.
• Material 48 which is thrown radially outwardly during comminution, can therefore cause a deflection of the portion 44, as indicated by the arrows 50.
• the underlying 52 and 54 indicated rotor elements increase in diameter to effectively crush the falling material.
• FIG. 6 shows how brake elements 56, which are arranged below or above a plane of rotor elements, one of which is shown at 34c, are attached to a housing section 14c at 90 ° intervals. It may also have an inclined surface 58, as shown in FIG. 7, for directing downwardly material 60 projecting from the rotor elements 34c, as indicated by arrow 62.
• the brake elements 56 reduce the peripheral speed of the material 56 and thereby allow a higher relative speed between the rotor elements and the material.
• a drive motor 28d is arranged outside the drive shaft and connected to the shaft 30 via a belt drive 66.
• the shaft 30 has a bearing 26.
• the peculiarity in Fig. 2 is that are supplied via lines 70 nozzles with water, which are respectively present in the stages between the housing sections 14 to 18, via the nozzles z. As water introduced tangentially to the inner wall of the housing portions to cause a detachment of material from the inner wall.
• Fig. 3 it can be seen that seen in the circumferential direction a plurality of nozzles 72 is provided.
• a container 74 is arranged below the outlet skirt 22 of the crushing device.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
• Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=37402654

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (23)

Family Cites Families (23)

• 2005
  • 2005-09-28 DE DE202005021545U patent/DE202005021545U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-09-28 DE DE102005046207.3A patent/DE102005046207B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-09-28 CN CNA2006800362580A patent/CN101282791A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-09-28 EP EP06792309A patent/EP1940552A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-09-28 WO PCT/EP2006/009429 patent/WO2007036362A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2006-09-28 CA CA002623664A patent/CA2623664A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-09-28 JP JP2008532672A patent/JP2009509735A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-09-28 RU RU2008115023/03A patent/RU2008115023A/ru unknown
  • 2006-09-28 BR BRPI0616693-8A patent/BRPI0616693A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-09-28 KR KR1020087010251A patent/KR20080056256A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-09-28 AU AU2006296698A patent/AU2006296698A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2008
  • 2008-03-26 US US12/056,019 patent/US7891593B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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