EP3634638A1 - Vorrichtung zum auftrennen von konglomeraten, die aus materialien unterschiedlicher dichte bestehen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum auftrennen von konglomeraten, die aus materialien unterschiedlicher dichte bestehenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3634638A1 EP3634638A1 EP17732774.9A EP17732774A EP3634638A1 EP 3634638 A1 EP3634638 A1 EP 3634638A1 EP 17732774 A EP17732774 A EP 17732774A EP 3634638 A1 EP3634638 A1 EP 3634638A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tools
- rotor
- rotor shaft
- impact
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
- B02C13/16—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters hinged to the rotor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C2013/2808—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements are attached to disks mounted on a shaft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for separating conglomerates, which consist of materials of different density, with a rotor chamber in which a rotor shaft is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis, on which rotor shaft in at least two levels with each other impact tools are arranged by the rotor shaft in Rotational motion are offset such that the filled from above into the rotor chamber conglomerates are detected and separated by the impact tools.
- slags are generated which have metallic constituents. However, these are often present in scaled form or are embedded in mineral constituents. It is therefore known to mechanically digest such slags in order to separate the metallic constituents in a further process step from the mineral or non-metallic constituents.
- the structure of the rotor shaft is relatively complex, since it consists of several hollow shafts, so that in the different levels, the different rotational speeds are adjustable. Also, the conglomerates in the device have a relatively short residence time, so that the separation is only incomplete.
- the invention has the object of providing a device of the type described above in such a way that these disadvantages are avoided.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that the rotor chamber widens conically downwards, and that the outer radius of the impact tools increases from top to bottom such that the distance between the radially outer end edges of the impact tools to their facing chamber wall in the individual levels is essentially the same size in operation.
- the rotor chamber expands steadily and conically from top to bottom with a substantially smooth inner surface.
- the length of the striking tools in the individual Planes is dimensioned so that in the operating position there is a substantially equal distance between the radially outer end edge of the striking tools and the inner surface of the rotor chamber.
- the inner surface of the rotor chamber in the region of the planes with the striking tools along a straight line so that, seen in the central longitudinal section, the rotor chamber has the shape of a symmetrical and isosceles trapezium.
- the inner surface of the rotor chamber can also have a continuously curved and widening course.
- the rotor chamber thus has a bell-shaped central longitudinal section. This achieves the same effect as a straight course of the inner surface of the rotor chamber.
- This design ensures that the rotational speed of the impact tools in the lower levels increases.
- the rotor space also increases from top to bottom, so that the slag boulders / conglomerates are likely to be hit several times by the striking tools and as they travel through the rotor chamber from top to bottom with higher impact velocity from the striking tools. This can be done a better digestion of the conglomerates.
- the metallic component is not crushed because, for example, no grinding takes place.
- the metallic components are merely blasted off of the mineral components, since these have a lower mass and thus a smaller kinetic energy or inertia compared to the metallic components of the same size, so that the heavier metallic components experience a different acceleration due to the impact.
- the brittle Serving is blasted off.
- the metallic constituents with known separation devices such as
- Gravity separators, magnetic separators or eddy current separators are separated from the mineral components.
- the striking tools can be arranged rigidly on the rotor shaft.
- the impact tools are hinged to the rotor shaft and pivot through the rotation in a horizontal position. Because of the high
- Rotation speed it is advantageous if the impact tools of a plane are arranged axisymmetric to the axis of rotation. This prevents imbalances.
- the slag is fed continuously through an upper hopper of the rotor chamber. It is therefore further contemplated that above the top level a hood is arranged, which extends in the radial direction at least partially via the articulation of the impact tools on the rotor shaft.
- the hood surface has a widening from top to bottom course, so that the slag is passed to the rotating striking tools below. This avoids, on the one hand, that the slag, without being comminuted, reaches the discharge in the area of the rotor shaft downwards. On the other hand prevents the slag dry impinge on the articulation of impact tools that could otherwise wear out faster.
- the slag boulders are thus reliably seized and crushed by the impact tools.
- the crushed parts bounce off the striking tools and hit the chamber wall, from which they return to the rotation space rebound. Then they are either captured in the same plane or in another and in particular lower level by the rotating striking tools there and further smashed. Due to the higher peripheral speed of the striking tools in the lower regions due to the larger diameter present there, even stubborn caking of the mineral slag from the metal components are safely blasted off.
- the baffle plate prevents impact of the slag dry from the chamber wall on the rotor shaft, which is thus well protected against damage and wear.
- the arrangement may be such that the impact tools are mounted in a plane on a flange and that the baffles are annular and secured with their inner edge regions on the flange. The radially outer edge of the baffles can project beyond the linkages of the striking tools on the rotor shaft.
- At least the upper portion of the rotor shaft is formed as a hollow shaft on which at least one upper level is arranged with striking tools and which is penetrated by at least one concentric shaft at the at least one lower level with striking tools are arranged.
- the striking tools are driven in a lower plane at a different and in particular higher speed in the same or opposite direction of rotation as that in an upper plane. In particular, by a change in the direction of rotation, a doubling of the relative speed of the underlying impact tools is achieved.
- the conglomerates are then safely digested and good separation of the metallic and non-metallic constituents is possible.
- the speed of the striking tools in an upper level is 500 U / min to 1,200 U / min.
- the speed of impact tools in a lower level can be 600 rpm to 1,300 rpm.
- the effective outer diameter of the impact tools can be between 1.0 m and 3.0 m. With such a speed, the kinetic energy of the constituents of a conglomerate is so different that a secure bursting of the crumb is achieved.
- the cone angle spanned by the chamber wall is 20 ° to 50 ° and in particular 24 ° to 30 °.
- the front edges of the striking tools extend in the operating position relative to the vertical preferably at an angle of 2 ° to 15 °. This ensures that the particles that have been blown up hit the chamber wall in such a way that they largely return to the same level of impact tools.
- the residence time of the slag in the apparatus is thus increased, and the likelihood of slag-rock impact and fragmentation thereof is increased. This principle of fragmentation requires, among other things, that the slag boulders bounce in a defined manner from the chamber wall into the rotor space.
- the slag to be worked up has the property of adhering to walls or the like due to its moisture content of 5.0% by mass to 20.0% by mass (M% by mass) and to form encrustations there. It is therefore expedient if at least one knocking tool is arranged on the outside of the chamber wall. Regular knocking vibrates the chamber wall so that caking or encrustation dissolves again and the chamber wall retains the desired rebound properties. It can be provided that along the circumference of the rotor chamber several, for example, five or six, knocking tools are mounted, which are preferably successive effective. Thus, the chamber wall can be vibrated at short intervals, wherein the point of introduction of the vibration is in each case at a different location.
- the rotor chamber is mounted elastically on vibration dampers in the device frame.
- the vibrations generated by the knocking tools are thereby damped and do not transfer to the other machine parts and in particular not to the bearings of the rotor shafts.
- the rotor shaft and thus the impact tools attached thereto are thereby decoupled from the rotor chamber and the wall thereof.
- the rotor shaft protrudes from above into the rotor chamber and has no direct mechanical connection to the rotor wall due to the vibration damper.
- the vibrations applied thereto thus do not affect the shaft bearings, which are already heavily loaded by the high rotational speeds. The service life of the device is thus increased.
- the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawing. Show it:
- Fig. 1 in longitudinal section a device according to the
- Fig. 3 is a striking tool in plan view
- Fig. 4 shows the impact tool of Figure 3 in the
- Fig. 5 is a plan view of a plane of the striking tools and 6 shows the section AA in Figure 5.
- the device 10 shown in the drawing for bursting slag dry comprises a rotor chamber 11, in which a vertically extending rotor shaft 12 is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis 40.
- the interior of the rotor chamber 11 has a circular shape in cross-section, and the rotor shaft 12 extends concentrically thereto.
- a hopper 13 is provided, through which the bulk material to be separated can be filled into the rotor chamber 11.
- a collecting funnel 14 is provided, through which the comminuted material is collected and discharged through a discharge device 15, not shown.
- impact tools 20, 21, 22, 23 are arranged in several levels 16, 17, 18 ,.
- the arrangement is such that each impact tool 20, 21, 22, 23 are held by two chain links 24, 25 between two circumferential flanges 26, 27 with a bolt 28.
- the striking tool 20, 21, 22, 23 is held pivotably on the rotor shaft 12 both about a horizontal axis and about a vertical axis.
- the percussion tools 20, 21, 22, 23 hang down on the suspension formed by the chain links 24, 25.
- the impact tools align themselves in the horizontal operating position.
- the dimensions are dimensioned such that in the horizontal operating position between the radially outer end walls 30 of the striking tools 20, 21, 22, 23 and the inner wall 31 of the rotor chamber a distance a remains. This ensures that the rotor shaft can rotate freely and the filled slag boulders are very likely to be hit by the impact tools.
- the material to be comminuted is filled into the rotor chamber 11 and thus enters the detection range of the rapidly rotating impact tools 20, 21, 22, 23.
- the individual chunks are hit by the impact tools and thus experience a strong impact, by which the chunks are crushed.
- the non-metallic components are knocked off the metallic components and thus separated.
- the mixture of separate metallic and non-metallic constituents thus produced passes into the collecting funnel 14 and is therefrom fed to further processing and in particular to the actual separation of the metallic slag from the non-metallic slag.
- the separation of slag scraps in an impact mill is well known and therefore needs no further explanation.
- the rotor chamber 11 widens conically from top to bottom.
- the rotor chamber 11 thus has the shape of a circular cross-section truncated cone with smooth walls without paragraph.
- the impact tools 20, 21, 22, 23 are adapted to the course of the chamber wall 29 and thus become longer from top to bottom.
- the rotor shaft has a substantially equal diameter over its entire length. It is provided that the distance a of the outer end edge 30 of a striking tool 20, 21, 22, 23 to the inner wall 31 of the rotor chamber 11 in each plane 16, 17, 18, 19 is substantially equal.
- the effective length 1 of a Impact tool 20, 21, 22, 23 thus increases from top to bottom. Overall, this arrangement ensures that even the smaller chunks are detected and blown up.
- the peripheral speed of the lower impact tools 22, 23 at their outer regions at the same rotational speeds of the upper shaft portion 32 and the lower shaft portion 33 is higher than in the higher overhead striking tools 20, 21. Die Higher speed makes it possible to break up even smaller chunks and separate the enclosed metallic component.
- the rotor shaft 12 is formed in two parts.
- the upper portion 32 is formed as a hollow shaft, in which the lower portion 33 is mounted concentrically rotatable.
- the upper shaft portion 32 carries the two upper levels 16, 17 with the striking tools 20, 21, while the lower shaft portion 33 holds the striking tools 22, 23 of the lower levels 18, 19.
- Both shaft sections 32, 33 can be driven via separate drives 41, 42 at different speeds in different or the same direction of rotation.
- the lower shaft portion 33 is driven at a higher speed than the upper shaft portion.
- the lower shaft portion 33 preferably rotates in the opposite rotational direction as the upper shaft portion 32.
- the impact speed of the chunks on the counter-rotating lower impact tools 22, 23 is essential elevated.
- the chunks are first accelerated by the upper impact tools 20, 21 in one direction. In the upper levels 16, 17, the larger chunks are crushed. These chunks are thrown to the rotor chamber wall 29 and bounce from there back onto the striking tools of the same plane or another plane. Subsequently, the crushed chunks reach the area of the lower levels 18, 19, in which they are detected by the counter-rotating impact tools 22, 23 and further smashed.
- the tangential and / or radial end edges 30, 34 of the impact tools extend obliquely upwards and inwards, so that the impacting chunks or their components are preferably thrown upwards.
- the residence time of a crack in the rotor chamber 11 is substantially increased, so that overall the probability grows to be crushed by a percussion tool.
- the knocking tools work during operation, so that the falling caking is immediately shredded by the impact tools. Due to the downwardly conically widening course of the rotor chamber reach this in the form of clods from the Kammerinnenwandung 31 dissolved and falling caking directly into the sphere of action of the rotary impact tools 20, 21, 22, 23, without the possibility that these clods on the Slide chamber inner wall 31 without crushing.
- a hood 37 is arranged on the rotor shaft 12 above the top level 16 of the percussion tools, which extends from the shaft radially to about the linkages 24, 25 of the percussion tools.
- the linkages 24, 25 are protected from falling chunks. In particular, it is achieved that the chunks arrive after entering the rotor chamber 11 directly into the detection area and the upper impact tools 20.
- the slag boulders are accelerated and crushed by the impact tools and collide with the inner wall 31 of the rotor chamber 11. From there they return to the rotor space.
- baffles 38 are disposed between the linkages 24, 25 of the striking tools at least in the lower levels 17, 18, 19.
- the rebounding slugs from the inner wall 31 also have one because of the inclination of the rotor wall Speed component down.
- the baffles 38 prevent the rebounding chunks from reaching the shaft, so that their service life can be significantly increased.
- the deflection plates 38 extend in the radial direction at least as far as the outer articulation region 24, 25 of a percussion tool 20, 21, 22, 23.
- the impact tools not shown in this figure, of a plane 16, 17, 18, 19 are held axially symmetrically on the flanges 26, 27.
- four striking tools are arranged in a plane on the associated flanges. Between the striking tools is in each case a baffle 38.
- the mating flanges 26, 27 have twelve evenly distributed around the circumference holes.
- a bolt 28 is attached for holding a striking tool. Between each impact tool of a plane are then two free holes in which the ring-shaped baffles are held with its inner edge. This protects the shaft well from the slag slag.
- Impact tools 20, 21, 22, 23 of the individual levels 16, 17, 18, 19 may be arranged offset in the direction of rotation to each other.
- the impact tools 20, 21, 22, 23 are paddle-shaped in plan view.
- the impact tools 20, 21, 22, 23 have a greater width than conventional impact tools.
- the width of the conventional impact tools is indicated in Figure 3 by the line 43.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2017/063594 WO2018224118A1 (de) | 2017-06-04 | 2017-06-04 | Vorrichtung zum auftrennen von konglomeraten, die aus materialien unterschiedlicher dichte bestehen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3634638A1 true EP3634638A1 (de) | 2020-04-15 |
Family
ID=59215705
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17732774.9A Withdrawn EP3634638A1 (de) | 2017-06-04 | 2017-06-04 | Vorrichtung zum auftrennen von konglomeraten, die aus materialien unterschiedlicher dichte bestehen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200129986A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3634638A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN110997149A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2018224118A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019147819A1 (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2019-08-01 | G&E Innovations, Inc. | Grinder |
JP6544672B1 (ja) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-07-17 | 株式会社ティーフォース | 乾燥粉砕機 |
IT201900002797A1 (it) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-08-27 | Claudio Bano | Trituratore perfezionato |
CN110142100A (zh) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-20 | 盛金平 | 具有差速功能的立轴式破碎机 |
DE102019005890A1 (de) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | Trenn- und Sortiertechnik GmbH | Prallmühle zur Zerkleinerung von Feststoffen |
WO2021157223A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-12 | 日本国土開発株式会社 | 回転式破砕装置および回転式破砕方法 |
CN112439752B (zh) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-08-17 | 湖州齐昕科技有限公司 | 一种斗式提升机内壁清理装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3226045A (en) * | 1962-04-23 | 1965-12-28 | Gruendler Crusher And Pulveriz | Grinders |
US4245999A (en) * | 1978-08-25 | 1981-01-20 | Kenneth S. Safe, Jr. | Method and apparatus for obtaining low ash content refuse fuel, paper and plastic products from municipal solid waste and said products |
JP2000126629A (ja) * | 1998-10-22 | 2000-05-09 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 金属分離装置 |
DE202005021545U1 (de) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-09-04 | Get Hamburg Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Haufwerk |
CN201337928Y (zh) * | 2009-01-07 | 2009-11-04 | 周明帮 | 圆锥立式破碎机 |
DE102011050789A1 (de) | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-06 | RoTAC GmbH | Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Trennen von Materialkonglomeraten aus Materialen unterschiedlicher Dichte und/oder Konsistenz |
EP2837424A1 (de) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-18 | TARTECH eco industries AG | Schlackenbrecher |
CN104148143B (zh) * | 2014-07-11 | 2017-01-25 | 同济大学 | 复合玻璃钢破碎机 |
-
2017
- 2017-06-04 EP EP17732774.9A patent/EP3634638A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-06-04 WO PCT/EP2017/063594 patent/WO2018224118A1/de unknown
- 2017-06-04 US US16/618,856 patent/US20200129986A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-06-04 CN CN201780091590.5A patent/CN110997149A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018224118A1 (de) | 2018-12-13 |
US20200129986A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
CN110997149A (zh) | 2020-04-10 |
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