Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
  • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10F77/70—Surface textures, e.g. pyramid structures
  • H10F77/707—Surface textures, e.g. pyramid structures of the substrates or of layers on substrates, e.g. textured ITO layer on a glass substrate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
  • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
  • C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B13/00—Rolling molten glass, i.e. where the molten glass is shaped by rolling
  • C03B13/08—Rolling patterned sheets, e.g. sheets having a surface pattern
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
  • F24S80/52—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
  • F24S80/58—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by their mountings or fixing means
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/04—Prisms
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
  • H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
  • H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
  • H10F39/805—Coatings
  • H10F39/8057—Optical shielding
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
  • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10F77/70—Surface textures, e.g. pyramid structures
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
  • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
  • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

Definitions

• the invention relates to a transparent window, a method of manufacturing a transparent window and in particular to a glass pane which is provided with a surface structure, which has the characteristics of the preamble of the independent glass claim.
• the invention also relates to panes that have such surface structures, a device or tool that is suitable for carrying out the method as well as preferred uses of the panes.
• the invention also relates to the assembly comprising the window according to the invention and an element capable of collecting the light energy after passing through said window.
• the glass may be organic (or synthetic) or inorganic, that is to say based on silica. It is in all cases a rigid material
• EP 0 493 202 B1 discloses transparent glass panes with regular surface structures in which a structure printed in the substrate is formed of pyramidal troughs which are identical to each other and which are separated from each other by smaller distances. than the largest dimension of the hollows.
• the pyramids or truncated pyramids provided as a pattern can be made with a hexagonal or square base surface, but they all have approximately flat lateral surfaces.
• WO 03/04 66 17 A1 discloses the manufacture and use of transparent plates (panes) having surface structures in the form of geometric relief and which must improve light transmission and efficiency. particularly bright for windows that are combined with solar cells and photovoltaic solar modules in solar collectors, flat plasma discharge lamps, image projection screens and projectors.
• the patterns of the geometric structure may in particular be concave with respect to the overall surface of the structured side of the pane, that is to say be hot-rolled in the starting substrate or be formed in another suitable manner.
• the patterns have a periodic shape, unlike what is obtained by sanding or by etching processes. For reasons of production technique (traversing speed, centering tolerances of the axis of the forming roll, adhesion of the rolled material to the rolls), it is however not always possible to reproduce this periodicity with the desired precision.
• an optical phenomenon which consists in that the incident light is reflected differently by windows having the same surface pattern and arranged or installed side by side in the same plane or even inside one and the same pane.
• a part of the surface can reflect brightly and clearly while a parallel portion of surface immediately adjacent has a nearly dull appearance.
• the cause of the variation of the impression of clarity as a function of the position on the glass is as follows. Structures that are entirely regular in the ideal case have a characteristic reflection pattern in which, for a given angle of incidence of light, the reflection takes place in completely determined directions and no reflection takes place in angular ranges. who are neighbors. If in a zone of the glass, because of the production tolerances mentioned above, the structures are formed (slightly) differently to the surface of the glass, the characteristic direction of reflection of this zone of the glass is oriented in another direction ( From another angle) . The consequence is that situations arise in which an observer is in the direction of reflection of one part of the glass but not in the direction of reflection of the other part of the glass.
• one area of the glass has a clear (reflective) aspect and the other looks dark.
• This effect is, in principle, also carried out on smooth-surfaced but, for example, curved glass, which also has a clear reflection aspect only in certain places, for given positions of the sun and the observer.
• the corrugated iron can be bent easily, but it can not be bent in the other directions. Basically, it is the same situation that results in the glass, the stresses created in the material during the quenching result in bending when a direction of the glass has higher mechanical properties than in the other directions.
• the glass model "SGG Geo” (utility model DE 91 09 087.3) has geometrical shapes which also have a plurality of parallel lines to each other which are arranged in irregular meanders with changes of direction of an angle of 30 °.
• the problem underlying the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing glass panes with surface structures that have good light-trapping properties and a low tendency to fouling, as well as a low risk deformation during heat treatments such as quenching. It will also be necessary to create a device which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method.
• the features of the independent device claim provide a corresponding forming device.
• the features of the independent use claim describe a particularly preferred use of a clear pane fabricated according to the method and / or device.
• the characteristics of the dependent claims that depend on respective independent claims provide advantageous developments of the invention.
• the fundamental object of the invention is to obtain a surface which has light-trapping properties while having good properties of self-cleaning by flow of water and which are suitable for heat treatment, for example the tempering of the glass panes without being warped.
• These elements are usually made directly on the surface of the glass itself. They are formed in the material of the glass itself and on its surface. These elements (or texturing) does not come from an attached layer attached to the glass. These elements may for example be of the prismatic type, and seen in section, these elements may for example have a triangular section.
• the overall assembly is obtained by forming in the structure groups consisting of elongate elements parallel to each other (recesses / grooves and / or reliefs / ribs), each group being isolable in itself and the longitudinal orientations of the elements of two immediately successive groups being arranged obliquely one with respect to the other.
• groups consisting of elongate elements parallel to each other (recesses / grooves and / or reliefs / ribs), each group being isolable in itself and the longitudinal orientations of the elements of two immediately successive groups being arranged obliquely one with respect to the other.
• SGG Geo we do not obtain with this configuration direct transitions between elements of two neighboring groups.
• the parallel elements of the structure all extend in a regular curvature and preferably in the form of regular undulations.
• these regular curvatures can also be formed along the longitudinal extension of parallel elements arranged in groups and thus disperse even more strongly their reflection of light, on the one hand, and still further optimize their effect of entrapment. light, on the other hand.
• An advantageous embodiment provides for bending the crescent shaped structural elements.
• the parallel structural elements of each group can then at the same time be nested within each other.
• overall surface of the window is meant the surface or the plane of a main surface of the window.
• the windows thus equipped are therefore preferably suitable as coatings of elements (especially flat) intended to use solar energy (solar cells or photovoltaic modules or bodies, such as a black body, intended to be heated by light energy, as for example example a pipe or tank containing water that is desired to heat).
• elements especially flat
• solar energy solar cells or photovoltaic modules or bodies, such as a black body, intended to be heated by light energy, as for example example a pipe or tank containing water that is desired to heat.
• the arrangements according to the invention also make it possible to ensure that the structured surface is insensitive to fouling when the transparent panes are used outside (for example the particularly preferred application as a covering of flat elements intended for use solar energy and which are sloped relative to the horizontal), because between the elongated structural elements, each one forms narrow quasi-flat lines parallel to the overall surface of the substrate and forming paths flow for water.
• the invention also relates to the use of the pane according to the invention outside, in the open, preferably in an inclined position relative to the horizontal, so that the rainwater can flow on its textured surface.
• the surface comprising the patterns according to the invention is intended to be directed towards the light source (here the sun) and to capture it as much as possible, to transmit it to a collector element located on the other side of the light. light source with respect to the window.
• the overall longitudinal extension of the structural elements can be roughly defined by a connection between these end points or, in the case of corrugated structural elements, by a central line around which the undulation oscillates. Curvature or undulation can be considered as a shape superimposed on the longitudinal extension of the structural elements.
• the elongated and slightly curved configuration of the structural elements also automatically promotes the flow of water, especially when all the longitudinal extensions of the elements are mounted obliquely to the horizontal.
• the structural elements are formed as recesses in the surface of the substrate or are arranged protruding (overflow of the latter in the form of reliefs).
• Mixed shapes consisting of recessed elements and protruding elements are also possible.
• there will be at least some intermediate lines which are located approximately in the initial plane of the surface of the substrate or the pane.
• the structural elements are grouped into groups of defined length so that each group consists of a defined number of parallel curved elements and preferably bent in the length direction.
• Each group thus has a defined optical longitudinal orientation and has curved or wavy lateral lines that correspond to the curvature of the (outer) elements.
• all these groups which have alternate orientations are mutually joined, without intermediate space.
• the groups generally have corners which form in each group a polygon (and preferably a quadrilateral or a square).
• the narrow sequence of the groups and the mutual shifting of their orientations causes the lateral lines of each group which are connected on both sides at the ends of the structural elements to be curved in correspondence with the curvature possibly present of the structural elements, because another group shifted by 90 ° and having a curved side edge connects directly to each of these groups. It can be seen immediately at the first examination of the appended figures.
• the outer structural member of each group extends at an angle and preferably at a right angle to the longitudinal extensions of the structural members of the group concerned.
• the intermediate lines at the boundaries mentioned above between a plurality of groups can no longer extend in a straight line, but the overall direction of their extension (or alignment line) has a more or less corrugation. less strong. There is then no continuous straight line (which would constitute a true groove) over the entire width or length of the window whose thickness would be locally lower than the thickness in the immediate vicinity. This absence of groove or straight line slimming the window locally avoids the local weakening of the window.
• a device according to the invention for the implementation of the manufacturing process of these panes will therefore include at least one tool (a cylinder or a flat pressing surface, for example the wall of a cavity of a mold injection) on the surface of which is a negative form of the structure to be printed in the surface of the window in contact with the tool.
• a tool a cylinder or a flat pressing surface, for example the wall of a cavity of a mold injection
• the plastically deformable material of the window is brought to high temperature in contact with the tool and, by plastic deformation, the structuring which is defined by the tool increases gradually in its contact surface.
• the tolerances mentioned above with respect to an ideal structure obviously can not be avoided, but they can be reduced by harmonizing the detail structures of the tool with the behavior of the particular material of the window.
• the invention also relates to the assembly comprising the pane according to the invention and an element capable of collecting the light energy passing through said pane, said element being placed in front of said pane, said pane comprising the surface structure of the side opposite to said element.
• the window can therefore also have a structure on both sides but this is not necessary.
• the surface structure is therefore imperatively at least on the opposite side to the light energy collecting element.
• the element may in particular be a photocell or a body (such as a black body) intended to be heated by light energy, such as a pipe or tank containing water that is desired to heat.
• the element is a photoelectric cell
• the glass and the element are generally juxtaposed, a resin of refractive index greater than that of the material constituting the glass being optionally placed between the glass and said cell. photo ⁇ electric.
• FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of a surface structure according to the invention in which parallel curved elements of limited length are arranged in groups whose orientations are alternating.
• FIG. 2 represents a second embodiment of a surface structure according to the invention in which the parallel elements of limited length are not curved.
• FIG. 3 represents a third embodiment of a surface structure in which the parallel elements which extend on the surface have a waving in the direction of their length.
• FIG. 4 represents a group of four parallel prismatic elements whose two main surfaces 31 and 32 are curved in the longitudinal extension of the elements.
• FIG. 1 shows an exemplary design of a light trapping surface structure for a pane P which is based on structures interrupted in the direction of their length or divided into elements 1 of defined length and which have essentially only one longitudinal dimension. Each individual element 1 is printed in the form of a groove in the surface of the window.
• elements in relief positive elements or ribs
• mixed shapes that have hollow elements and elements in relief.
• the surface structure of the window pane is divided into surface portions or groups 2 of these elongated elements 1.
• These groups 2 which are all made up of four individual elements 1 whose length is slightly curved are distributed in a checkerboard pattern over the whole surface of the window. the window P, the orientation of mutually joined groups being rotated 90 ° relative to each other (in the plane of the window or the surface).
• the groups are therefore trained in regular periodic repetition. To show it more clearly, three neighboring groups 2 have been surrounded by squares 3 which are defined by the corners of said groups.
• FIG. 2 represents a variant which differs from that of FIG. 1 in that rectilinear elements 1a have been formed, which are however arranged exactly in the same way in groups of four (squares) of which angle of orientation is constant, as in Figure 1.
• each group circumscribes a square
• groups may also have perimeters in elongated rectangle or in other polygons without departing from the configuration principle according to the invention. They must only fulfill the condition that the groups must be able to be arranged in series in each direction, if possible without connection, and that a weakened position in a straight line of the type mentioned above can not extend between the groups.
• the local parallelism of the elements in the groups is advantageous for obtaining an overall optical appearance regular surface.
• this embodiment of the surface structure has in any case the advantage that no weakened location that extends in a straight line can be formed in the window, because the latter has in all directions substantially resistance. constant flexion and deformation.
• the individual elements of the structure may have lengths that are tuned to the thickness of the glass.
• the thicker the window the larger the possible dimensions of the width of the structural elements.
• This dependence results from the fact that the flank angle must preferably be at least 45 ° and that therefore the lateral dimensions define the advantageous minimum depth.
• the depth of the structure obviously can not exceed the thickness of the glass.
• the theory does not impose a limitation of the dimensioning towards the small values. In practice, the limitation to short lengths derives from the technical conditions of shaping the surface.
• the surface is shaped in a rolling or glass casting operation in which a surface structure in the hot glass is waffled at about 1000 degrees using structured rolls, it turns out that the smaller lateral dimensioning that can be used in practice still usefully in the state of the art is about 1 mm.
• the lateral dimensions concerns only the width of the structure of the individual structured elements, and therefore their extension. perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the individual structural elements.
• the length of the longitudinal extension may be smaller than the total length of the lateral edges of the window, to ensure substantially constant mechanical properties in all directions.
• FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a surface of a window p having corrugated structural elements 10 which extend parallel to each other and which, like the elements 1 represented in the figures, 1 and 2, have essentially only a longitudinal dimension.
• a sectional profile in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extension of the structural elements 10 would give a zigzag or wavy line, the (middle) angle of the sidewalls can be changed as needed.
• the slope of the flanks of the surface perpendicular to the local orientation of the longitudinal extension will be at least 45 °, and it follows that in the cross section mentioned above, a succession of right triangles or isosceles.
• the surfaces of the flanks can also move up and down alternately, so that when the structural elements are bent in the longitudinal extension, it is possible to obtain curved flank surfaces in spheres.
• the tips and bottoms of the valleys may be flattened or rounded. In this case, it is still possible to define a mean flank angle which must also be at least 45 °.
• An essential effect of this arrangement is also a high rigidity in all directions of the glass thus treated, and in particular a high resistance to bending around an axis which extends parallel to the overall longitudinal extension of the structural elements. Unlike structural elements which extend in a straight line, straight-line "weak points" are not obtained which could lead to undulations and breakage when handling the window and, as mentioned, when tempering a glass pane structured in this way.
• the surface structure has a high flatness that at a great distance, we can not see in the form of a corrugated pattern, depending on the fineness of the structural elements (which are made for example and preferably at a width of less than 1 mm).
• FIG. 4 represents a group of four parallel prismatic elements whose two main surfaces 31 and 32 are curved in the longitudinal extension of the elements.
• the prism-shaped section (triangular section) of these parallel elements improves capture light.
• These elements include a plane of symmetry
• Each bisector 33 contained in a plane parallel to the plane of symmetry 58 is orthogonal to the general plane of the plate 34.
• a plurality of these elements can be assembled as shown in FIG. 1, that is to say with extensions. alternating orientation from one group to another.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
• Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-06-16 DE DE102005027737A patent/DE102005027737B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-06-13 KR KR1020077028953A patent/KR101500540B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-06-13 MX MX2007015993A patent/MX2007015993A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2006-06-13 BR BRPI0612619-7A patent/BRPI0612619A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-06-13 US US11/917,479 patent/US20100051093A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-06-13 EP EP06778928A patent/EP1891468A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-06-13 JP JP2008516390A patent/JP2009508147A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-06-13 WO PCT/FR2006/050550 patent/WO2006134300A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2006-06-13 CN CNA2006800212583A patent/CN101305300A/zh active Pending
• 2007
  • 2007-12-13 IL IL188133A patent/IL188133A/en active IP Right Grant
• 2014
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