EP1876311A2 - Dachsystem - Google Patents

Dachsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1876311A2
EP1876311A2 EP06733257A EP06733257A EP1876311A2 EP 1876311 A2 EP1876311 A2 EP 1876311A2 EP 06733257 A EP06733257 A EP 06733257A EP 06733257 A EP06733257 A EP 06733257A EP 1876311 A2 EP1876311 A2 EP 1876311A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tile
roof
tiles
holes
roofing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06733257A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Evgeny Mikhailovich Pugin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Preobrazhensky Denis Vladimirovich
Pugin Evgeny Mikhailovich
Original Assignee
Pugin Evgeny Mikhailovich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from RU2005109091/03A external-priority patent/RU2293825C2/ru
Priority claimed from RU2005139136/03A external-priority patent/RU2322555C2/ru
Application filed by Pugin Evgeny Mikhailovich filed Critical Pugin Evgeny Mikhailovich
Publication of EP1876311A2 publication Critical patent/EP1876311A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/02—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant
    • E04D3/04—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets of plane slabs, slates, or sheets, or in which the cross-section is unimportant of concrete or ceramics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of construction and relates to roof tiles and a building roof covering using the roof tiles according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to a roof tile with wedge-shaped opposing ribs and a running in the plan as a symmetrical figure part with two arcuate grooves, wherein the grooves in the top with roof tiles overlying row covered invisible part and wherein the wedge-shaped ribs in their uniform Remove the height at the circumference of the tile shape along an axis of symmetry in the direction from bottom to top.
  • the roof tile is an irregular hexagon in the top view. At its periphery, this tile has wedge-shaped edges (patent GB No. 2242696, 1991 ).
  • the lack of this construction is the low quality of the roof covering and the lack of universality in the assembly and combination of tile shapes.
  • the reference product closest to the application is a roof tile and the roof covering made from this roof tile RU No. 2037042, 1995 Figure 8.
  • the roof tile is in plan view a circular plate with two crescent-shaped symmetrical grooves and with wedge-shaped support ribs.
  • the support ribs are arranged on the circumference of the plate. They are also directed upward along the crescent-shaped grooves and down along the circle.
  • the roofing consists of parallel rows of such roof tiles. According to the cited document, the roof tiles of the even and odd rows in the horizontal direction are shifted against each other by half their width. Each roof tile of the following row partially overlaps with its rear surface with two roof tiles of the previous row.
  • the roofing of such a roof tile has some relevant defects. They are due to the fact that in the roofing installation two pairs of circles of the outer shape of the roof tiles used here in the formation of the roof covering touch each other in pairs. This happens when a pair is placed on the pair of pre-assembled row lying below in the roof. At the point of contact and intersection, the borders of the roof tiles form a point where the roofing does not form a cover. Also missing in this arrangement completely the cover of the attachment points of the tiles of the lower row with roof tiles of the top row. Due to the incomplete cover, leakage water can occur at several points of the roof. In addition, the mounting holes are projecting over the upper attachment point projecting during installation. These mounting holes lie on both sides of the symmetry axis. This can lead either to the roofing vibration under the wind load or to their breakage or to a roof tile deformation. This depends on the material used in making the tiles and the effectiveness of the fasteners on the tile body.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a roof tile, which can be used to provide a roof covering for buildings with various uses with unlimited ceiling area.
  • the mounting holes are arranged so that an overlap of the holes in lateral parts of the roof tiles in an upper row can be achieved with corresponding holes at the attachment point of roof tiles of a lower row and fasteners penetrate the holes of the upper and the holes of the lower row successively. As a result, a displacement of the tiles is prevented against each other.
  • the invisible part of the tile is designed so that a required Schmidtkapillarabstand between the inner and outer wedge-shaped ribs is ensured.
  • the roof tiles are shaped so that an overlap of the roof tiles of the lower row is guaranteed with roof tiles of the upper row.
  • the roof tiles according to the invention improve the quality of the roofing produced from them. This concerns the reliability and durability of the roof covering from the registered universal roof tile as well as facilitating the roof tile assembly in the roof forming and quality improvement of the installation itself.
  • Different unique patterns and roofing profiles with different coverable area as well as patterns of roof tiles with different surface properties, shapes and appearance can be placed , The possibility of roof tile displacement relative to each other within the molded roof lining is excluded.
  • Said form-forming edge is given by the tangents to the element characterizing the roof tile shape.
  • This characterizing element may be an oval or a circle.
  • the diameter of the circle is equal to the oval width.
  • roof tiles are formed with different outer shape, which can be combined with each other in the roof. It should be noted that as the number of tangents to the characterizing element increases, the outer shape of the roof tile figure becomes more and more the same as the characterizing element, ie oval or circle.
  • One of the possible variants of the outer shape of the tile may be an oval or a circle.
  • the outer shape of the tile is determined in the lower, visible after assembly, part of the forming edge.
  • the outer shape of the upper part of the roof tile, which is covered by the overlying row after installation, is the same for all roof tiles. In this case, an attachment point projecting upwards through the characterizing element is provided, which ensures that no gaps in the roofing occur.
  • the upper (invisible) part of the tile is designed to ensure the necessary counter-capillary distance between the inner and outer wedge-shaped ribs.
  • the wedge-shaped ribs are formed by the arcuate edges of crescent-shaped grooves and wedge-shaped ribs of the forming edges.
  • overlap is understood to mean such a roof tile layer in the roof covering, in which the lower roof tile parts of the upper row cover the upper roof tile parts of the lower row on the roof covering.
  • the characterizing element for the lower roof tile part is a circle, for the upper part an oval.
  • the characterizing element for the lower roof tile part is an oval, for the upper part a circle.
  • the roof tile can be made of metal, ceramic, plastic concrete or composite materials.
  • Another object of the invention is a roofing consisting of parallel horizontal rows of roof tiles.
  • the roof tiles are mounted in the roof covering on parallel horizontal strips in rows from bottom to top. Roof tiles of the even and odd rows are shifted in a horizontal direction against each other by half their shape width.
  • Each roof tile of the following upper row is placed with one part of its dorsal surface on two roof tiles of the preceding row below.
  • the roof tiles have in planforms, which are designed as closed surfaces due to their defining characterizing geometric elements.
  • the characterizing geometric elements may also be circles of equal diameter or ovals of equal dimensions or semi-ovals of equal dimensions in their lower and upper regions, and correspondingly semicircles in their upper or lower regions.
  • the diameter of the circles coincides with the half-oval width when forming the lower and upper regions of the tile.
  • the mentioned lower roof tile areas form in the roof their visible surface, the aforementioned upper areas form the invisible, covered with tiles of each overlying row, surface.
  • the lower portion of the tile has the shape of a body whose outer shape-forming edge through the semicircle or semi-oval is formed. It determines the outer tile shape.
  • the outer mold-forming edge is formed by at least two tangents to said semicircle or semi-oval in conjunction with arcuate portions of this semicircle or semivale.
  • the arcuate areas may also be missing.
  • the outer mold-forming edge of each tile is provided with a protruding in the side view of the rear roof tile surface wedge-shaped rib.
  • the wedge-shaped rib is designed with a uniformly decreasing height from the bottom edge towards the top of the tile.
  • the upper portion of each tile is symmetrical to a vertical axis. It is bounded by arcuate grooves.
  • the edges of the grooves present in side view from the frontal surface of the tile forward protruding wedge-shaped ribs.
  • the height of the ribs decreases evenly in the direction of the upper portion of the tile. They are congruent with the wedge-shaped ribs of the forming edges of the lower portion of the tile.
  • the attachment point extends beyond the boundaries of the characteristic element for the tile shape.
  • the position of the mounting holes is selected so that an overlap of the holes in the lateral roof tile areas of the upper row of roofing with holes is reached at the attachment point of the tiles of the lower row of the roofing.
  • the roofing is formed from the roof tiles, which have the same shape-forming edges of the lower area. They are derived from the above forms.
  • the roofing can also be formed with tiles, which have different shape-forming edges of the lower area.
  • different tile shapes can be used both in successive rows and within a row.
  • the characteristic element of the shape of the roof tile for the lower roof tile area is a circle and for the upper area an oval.
  • the characteristic element of the shape of the roof tile for the lower roof tile area is an oval and for the upper area a circle.
  • the roof tile used in the roofing can be made of metal, ceramic, plastic concrete and composite material.
  • the wedge-shaped rib of the lower roof tile area is provided with a bore. This bore is arranged in the middle region of the rib. The bore is provided for the engagement of a fastener, for example a clamp.
  • the fastener has the shape of a hackens.
  • a rectilinear part of the hook is designed so that there is the possibility of inserting the clip into the bore in the wedge-shaped rib of the forming roof tile edge.
  • a bent part of the hook allows the attachment of the hook between the attachment point of the tile and a bar on which the roof tile is attached.
  • the fastening element is designed as a plate with a rod mounted thereon.
  • This rod is used for engagement of the fastener into the hole in the wedge-shaped rib of the forming roof tile edge.
  • the strips on which the parallel rows of roof tiles are mounted are made of wood.
  • the strips to which the parallel rows of roof tiles are attached can be designed as a metal profile.
  • a supporting part (supporting body) of the strip, which bears against the roof tiles, is provided with bores or projections.
  • the arrangement of the holes and projections is chosen so that an overlap of these holes or projections with mounting holes in the tile is achieved. Such an arrangement of the holes or projections universally fits all types of registered tile, regardless of its shape and material.
  • a roofing consists of horizontal parallel rows of tiles 1.
  • the roof tiles 1 are mounted in horizontal rows from bottom to top. In this case, the upper part of the already mounted row of roof tiles 1 is covered by the lower part of the tile 1 of the next row.
  • the roof tiles 1 of straight rows 2 are horizontally shifted by half their width to the roof tiles 1 of odd rows 3 ( Figures 14, 15).
  • the roof tiles 1 used in the roofing are formed in plan view by a symmetrical shape to a vertical axis. This is formed on the basis of a characterizing element.
  • This characterizing element is a circle O 'of the same diameter for different embodiments ( Figures 1 to 4) or an oval O "with the same dimensions of the horizontal axis as the circle diameter ( Figure 5), or even half-oval with the same dimensions in the lower region and corresponding semicircles in the upper region ( Figure 12), whose Diameter of Halbovalbreite is equal.
  • These also include nominees of the same dimensions in the upper region and, accordingly, semicircles in the lower region (FIG. 11) whose diameter is the same as the half-oval width.
  • Each roof tile consists of a lower area 4 and an upper area 5 (in relation to the position of roofing tiles 1 on the roofing).
  • the lower portion 4 is located on a side of a horizontal axis B, below this axis.
  • the upper portion of the roof tile 1 is located on the other side of the axis B, above this axis.
  • the lower regions 4 of the roof tiles 1 (arranged below the line B - see FIGS. 5 - 6, 11, 12) form the visible surface in the roofing.
  • the upper areas 5 of the tiles 1 form their so-called invisible surface in the roof. This invisible surface is located under the roof tiles of the overlying row of roof tiles 1.
  • the lower region 4 of the roof tile 1 may have a shape whose outer shape-forming edge 6 has the shape of a semicircle 7 (FIGS. 4, 6, 11) or a half-oval 8 (FIGS. 5, 12).
  • the lower portion 4 of the roof tile 1 may have the shape of a figure body described below. Its outer mold-forming edge 6 is formed by at least two tangents to a semicircle 7 or a half oval 8 together with the arcuate portions of this semicircle or Halbovals or without these arcuate portions.
  • a roof tile 1 is shown, the outer shape-forming edge 6 is formed by two tangents 9 to the semicircle 7 and by arcuate portions 10 of this semicircle.
  • the forming edge 6 is formed by five or four tangents 9 to the semicircle 7.
  • each roof tile 1 represents a projecting, seen from the side of the dorsal surface 11 of the roof tile 1, wedge-shaped rib 12.
  • the wedge-shaped rib 12 is executed with a uniformly to the upper region 5 tile 1 decreasing height of.
  • each roof tile 1 is symmetrical to a vertical central axis. This upper region 5 is bounded by lateral arcuate (sickle-shaped) grooves 13. The edges of the grooves 13 are formed as wedge-shaped ribs 15 projecting outwardly from the surface of the roof tile 1 from the roofing surface.
  • the ribs 15 are designed with a height to the upper region 5 of the tile 1 uniformly decreasing. They are also congruent with the wedge-shaped ribs 12 of the forming edge 6 of the lower portion 4 of the roof tile 1.
  • the wedge-shaped ribs 12, 15 used in the roof tile construction simultaneously fulfill the function of the inner and outer water-repellent systems.
  • each roof tile 1 is provided with fastening bores 16, 17.
  • Two mounting holes 16 are provided in lateral areas of the tile.
  • Two further fastening bores 17 are provided at the upper boundary edge of the roof tile 1 at an attachment point 18.
  • This attachment point 18 is an extension of the upper region 5 of the tile 1. It exceeds the limit of the tile shape of the defining closed curve (circle O 'or oval O "). It can be seen from FIGS. 1-6, 11 and 12 that the The arrangement of the fastening bores 16 and 17 is selected such that an overlap of the bores 16 in the lateral regions of the tiles 1 of the upper row of the roof covering with the holes 17 at the attachment point 18 of the tiles 1 of bottom row of the roof covering can be achieved.
  • the wedge-shaped rib 12 of the lower portion 4 of the roof tile 1 is provided with a bore 19. This bore 19 is executed in the central region of this rib 12 on the vertical axis of symmetry of the tile.
  • each roof tile 1 regardless of the outer surface form five holes (16, 17 and 19). They are precisely positioned on the tile shape, so that a self-balancing effect is achieved in the roofing installation.
  • the mounting holes 16 in lateral areas of the upper row are at the assembly with corresponding mounting holes 17 in the upper region of the roof tile of the underlying row ( Figure 15) covered.
  • the roof tiles 1 are mounted by means of brackets 20.
  • the bracket 20 may be made as a hook of spring wire. This is illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • a rectilinear part 22 of the bracket 20 is designed so that it can engage in the bore 19.
  • the bore 19 is present in the wedge-shaped rib 12.
  • a bent portion 23 of the bracket 20 is designed to surround the attachment point 18 of the tile from its rear surface. The bent part 23 of the bracket 20 is fixed under the roof tile body between two screws 21 of the previously mounted row of roof tiles 1 ( Figures 9, 10 and 15).
  • a metal plate 24 with a rod 25 attached thereto for example a metal rod, is used for fastening.
  • the rod 25 is installed in the bore 19 which is provided in the wedge-shaped rib 12.
  • two holes 26 are provided, which lie laterally of the rod 25. The location of the holes 26 is chosen so that the overlap of these holes can be achieved with the mounting holes 16 and 17 in the roof tiles 1.
  • horizontal parallel rows of strips 27 is used, on which the parallel rows of roof tiles 1 are mounted.
  • the strips 27 may be made of wood or a metal profile.
  • a support member 28 of this profile with projections 29 or holes 30 is provided.
  • the position of the projections 29 or holes 30 is selected so that a Covering these projections or holes with the mounting holes 16 and 17 in the roof tiles 1 is achieved.
  • the roof tile 1 may be made of metal, ceramic, plastic concrete or composite materials.
  • FIGs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 examples of shapes of roof tiles 1 are shown. These forms are used in the roofing.
  • base elements on the basis of which tile shapes are formed, ovals or circles are used.
  • individual areas of the tile shape are characterized.
  • the shape of the base element also characterizes the shape of the area of the roof tile 1 visible after installation. The following description applies analogously to all different basic shapes of the roof tiles 1 and is explained using the example of a circular basic shape.
  • the vertical axis A is an axis of symmetry and the horizontal axis B is normal (90 °) to the axis A.
  • the axis B passes through the center of the circle and limits in the intersections with the circle the visible area of the tile shape.
  • the circle diameter is the same for all shapes.
  • This shape consists of a part which is formed by a semicircle lying above the axis B, namely after two circular segment-shaped, symmetrical to the symmetry axis A areas have been spared from the form.
  • These circle segments have a radius R '.
  • the radius R ' is smaller than the radius R of the circle forming the base element, namely by the total thickness of the wedge-shaped rib 15 (FIG. 6), the wedge-shaped rib 12 (FIG. 6) and the countercapping distance 31 (FIG. 9). Accordingly, this total thickness amounts to at least 2 to 3 mm.
  • the attachment point 18, which exceeds the boundary of the figure, is an extension of the upper portion 5 of the shape of the tile 1.
  • This attachment point 18 projects upwardly along the axis of symmetry A by a length of 2h from the intersection of the axis A with the tangent B ' beyond the tangent B '.
  • the upper portion 5 of the roof tile 1 with the attachment point 18, which exceeds the limit of the forming mold universal. That is, this upper portion 5 is the same for all the possible shapes of the lower roof tile area formed by the tangents to the forming shapes having a type and size.
  • a recess for the bracket 20 on the rear side of the tile shape in the Fixing point 18 between the two mounting holes 17 provide. This recess is tuned to the length of the clamped bent portion 23 of the bracket 20 and the wire diameter used in the manufacture of the bracket.
  • bracket 20 When using roof tiles 1 made of metal or flexible composite materials and when mounted on wooden strips 27, the bracket 20 is simply hammered into the spread between the bar 27 and the attachment point 18 of the tile 1 from above.
  • bracket 20 which holds the wedge-shaped rib 12 of the lower portion 4 of the roof tile 1, substantially increases the reliability of the roof covering.
  • this clip makes it possible to cover the curvilinear surfaces of the sloping roofs.
  • the roof construction from the tiles 1 begins with the attachment of Gesims instituten 32 shown in Figure 15, wherein these are aligned horizontally.
  • the tightly aligned mounting holes that match the mounting holes 16, 17 on the roof tile are provided for the screws 21 and the brackets 20.
  • each roof tile 1 of the bottom row is fastened by means of the bore 19 to a corresponding bracket 20 pre-assembled on the cornice element.
  • the holes 16 in the lateral roof tile parts are adapted to corresponding holes in the Gesimselement 32 and attached to the Gesimselement 32 with screws 21.
  • the quality-oriented assembly of the Gesimsetti 32 and the first row of tiles ensures the conformity of all mounting holes 16 and 17 in the subsequent rows. This achieves a light and high-quality installation.
  • the rows of transitional roof tiles are used for the transition of circles as a basic element (FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6) to form roof tile rows formed by ovals (FIG. 5).
  • a row of transitional roof tiles are formed, which are formed in their lower part and half oval in their upper part (FIG. 11) due to the semicircles.
  • This is followed by the series of tiles, which are formed by ovals ( Figure 5).
  • Figure 5 For the further transition from the rows of roof tiles formed on the basis of ovals (FIG. 5) to the rows of roof tiles formed by circles (FIGS.
  • transitional roof tiles are also used.
  • the row of transitional roof tiles is formed, which are shaped in the lower part thereof as well as by semicircles in their upper part (FIG. 12).
  • the row of tiles which are formed by circles ( Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6).
  • the combination of different shapes of the forming edges 6 of the lower parts 4 of the tiles 1 between the rows and within the row is possible.
  • the roof can only be made of rows of transitional roof tiles ( Figure 11 and 12).
  • the rows of transition roof tiles in the next but one row which are built on the basis of the semicircles in the lower part and the semicircles in their upper part (FIG. 12), alternate with the rows built in the lower part and the semi-oval in the upper part (FIG. 11) the transition roof tile from.
  • the combination of different shapes of the forming edges 6 lower parts 4 of the roof tile 1 between the rows and within the row is possible.
  • the rows of tiles can be put together arbitrarily from the described tile shapes, since the dimensions of the base elements circle and oval are chosen so that the roof tiles 1 have an equal distance between the holes 16, 17.
  • the use of roof tiles 1 different outer shape and shape-forming edge 6 and transition roof tiles in the roof design makes it possible to put together various original images to a roof covering.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
EP06733257A 2005-03-30 2006-03-29 Dachsystem Withdrawn EP1876311A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2005109091/03A RU2293825C2 (ru) 2005-03-30 2005-03-30 Универсальная черепица с клиновидными ребрами
RU2005139136/03A RU2322555C2 (ru) 2005-12-15 2005-12-15 Кровля
PCT/RU2006/000149 WO2006104426A2 (fr) 2005-03-30 2006-03-29 Systeme de toiture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1876311A2 true EP1876311A2 (de) 2008-01-09

Family

ID=37053813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06733257A Withdrawn EP1876311A2 (de) 2005-03-30 2006-03-29 Dachsystem

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1876311A2 (ru)
EA (1) EA011339B1 (ru)
WO (1) WO2006104426A2 (ru)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104060771A (zh) * 2014-06-23 2014-09-24 苏州金螳螂建筑装饰股份有限公司 木质瓦片

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT26343B (de) * 1905-11-08 1906-11-10 Hans Makart Dachfalzziegel.
US1584739A (en) * 1925-04-17 1926-05-18 Davis Isadore Shingle
US1612718A (en) * 1926-04-21 1926-12-28 Juan F Grice Roofing and fastener
FR1513384A (fr) * 1966-11-29 1968-02-16 Couverture à éléments en forme de plaque associables entr'eux par superposition périphérique partielle, particulièrement indiquée pour la construction de toits d'édifices de montagne
SE389151B (sv) * 1974-09-09 1976-10-25 Petersson New Prod Bengt Anordning vid inklednader for byggnader
SU1002477A1 (ru) * 1981-10-21 1983-03-07 Казанский инженерно-строительный институт Способ креплени кровельных листов к металлическим прогонам
RU2037042C1 (ru) * 1992-04-08 1995-06-09 Алексей Павлович Шиленков Черепица
US5442888A (en) * 1992-12-08 1995-08-22 Ilnyckyj; Peter Shingles
RU2165904C1 (ru) * 2000-04-21 2001-04-27 Курлянд Сергей Карлович Способ изготовления строительных материалов и изделий

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006104426A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006104426A2 (fr) 2006-10-05
WO2006104426A3 (en) 2007-03-15
EA200702067A1 (ru) 2008-02-28
EA011339B1 (ru) 2009-02-27

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