EP1755180A1 - Matériau d'électrode négative d'une pile secondaire au lithium et pile secondaire au lithium - Google Patents

Matériau d'électrode négative d'une pile secondaire au lithium et pile secondaire au lithium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1755180A1
EP1755180A1 EP04735512A EP04735512A EP1755180A1 EP 1755180 A1 EP1755180 A1 EP 1755180A1 EP 04735512 A EP04735512 A EP 04735512A EP 04735512 A EP04735512 A EP 04735512A EP 1755180 A1 EP1755180 A1 EP 1755180A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lithium
film
electrode component
component material
substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04735512A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1755180A4 (fr
Inventor
N. Itami Works of Sumitomo El. Ind. Ltd. Ota
N. Itami Works of Sumitomo El. Ind. Ltd. Okuda
H. Itami Works of Sumitomo El. Ind. Ltd. Ueki
T. Itami Works of Sumitomo El. Ind. Ltd. Ihara
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Publication of EP1755180A1 publication Critical patent/EP1755180A1/fr
Publication of EP1755180A4 publication Critical patent/EP1755180A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
    • H01M10/0562—Solid materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/665—Composites
    • H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to negative-electrode component materials for superior capacity, superior safety lithium secondary batteries excelling in cyclability, and to lithium secondary batteries utilizing the component materials.
  • the metallic lithium Given the objective of raising a lithium secondary battery's capacity per unit volume and weight, the metallic lithium must have a layer thickness that is kept to 20 ⁇ m or less, preferably to 5 ⁇ m or so, but freestanding lithium foil in that thickness range is so weak as to be unusable, thus rendering it necessary to use as a substrate a current-collecting material having strength, such as copper foil, and laminate the lithium foil onto it, or to form the lithium metallic layer onto a substrate by a gas-phase deposition technique such as chemical vapor deposition.
  • an electroconductive substance such as copper foil has been employed as a negative-electrode substrate in secondary lithium-ion batteries.
  • An issue for the present invention is to eliminate such pitfalls and enhance the cyclability and safety of a negative-electrode component material for lithium secondary batteries.
  • the inventors discovered that by utilizing an electrical insulator as the substrate, the technical problem of concentrated growth of dendrites is resolved in a lithium secondary battery negative-electrode component material in which a metallic lithium film and a solid electrolytic film are formed onto the substrate. Effectiveness in inhibiting dendritic growth can especially be enhanced by utilizing an organic high-polymer material as the substrate.
  • the same technical difficulty can also be resolved with a configuration that provides an electrically insulating layer atop a metal base material, and has that construction be the substrate.
  • the metal base material may be copper, iron, stainless steel, nickel or aluminum, and the electrically insulating layer may be formed on the metal base material by coating it with an organic high-polymer material. Inasmuch as the part that serves as the base of the substrate is in that case metal foil, sufficient mechanical strength in the negative electrode can be secured.
  • polyvinyls such as polyethylene and polypropylene are routinely employed as organic high-polymer materials, polyimides, polyamides, polyesters, polyethers, polyurethanes, or polycarbonates may also be, in that the objectives of the invention can be achieved with substrates employing these and like materials.
  • the negative electrode component material of the invention causes the metallic lithium layer formed onto these insulative substrates to act as the negative electrode active substance and at the same time makes the layer function as a current-collecting material.
  • a lithium secondary battery utilizing such a negative electrode component material is additionally made available.
  • a thin copper film 2 as illustrated in Fig. 1 was formed to 0.1 ⁇ m thickness by vapor deposition over the entire back-side surface, the side surfaces, and an area of approximately 0.5 mm width along the peripheral margin of the upper surface of the polyethylene film 1.
  • a metallic lithium film 3 was subsequently formed by vapor deposition onto the entire top-side surface.
  • the metallic lithium film 3 measured 5 ⁇ m in thickness.
  • the film-thickness measurement was performed using a stylus profilometer.
  • a solid electrolytic film 4 that was a lithium (Li) - phosphorous (P) - sulfur (S) composition was vapor-deposited to 0.5 ⁇ m thickness onto the metallic lithium film 3, producing a negative electrode component material 5.
  • an assay of the solid electrolytic film 4 indicated that it was in the form of a non-crystalline composition of 34 atomic % Li, 14 atomic % P, and 52 atomic % S.
  • the positive electrode was prepared by mixing, together with an organic solvent, LiCoO 2 particles to serve as the active substance, carbon particles to contribute to the electron conductivity, and poly(vinylidene fluoride), and then spreading the mixture onto aluminum foil.
  • the active-substance layer had a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, a capacity density of 3 mAh (milliampere-hours)/cm 2 , and a total capacity of 21 mAh. Furthermore, the diameter of the positive electrode was 30 mm.
  • 100 lithium secondary batteries were prepared as Sample No. 1 by setting into coin-type cells the above-described negative-electrode component material 5, a separator (porous polymer film), and the positive-electrode component material, and by dripping into the cells an organic electrolyte in which 1 mol % LiPF 6 was dissolved as an electrolyte salt into a mixed solution of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate,.
  • a polyethylene film 7 as represented in Fig. 2 was tape-cast to a thickness of 1 ⁇ m using a mask on the upper surface of copper foil 6 of 10 ⁇ m thickness, save for a strip 0.5 mm in width along the peripheral margin of the top surface.
  • a metallic lithium film 3 was subsequently formed by vapor deposition onto the entire top-side surface.
  • the metallic lithium film 3 measured 5 ⁇ m in thickness.
  • the film-thickness measurement was performed using a stylus profilometer.
  • a solid electrolytic film 4 that was a lithium (Li) - phosphorous (P) - sulfur (S) composition was vapor-deposited to 0.2 ⁇ m thickness onto the metallic lithium film 3, producing a negative electrode component material 5A.
  • an assay of the solid electrolytic film 4 indicated that it was in the form of a non-crystalline composition of 34 atomic % Li, 14 atomic % P, and 52 atomic % S.
  • the positive electrode was prepared by mixing, together with an organic solvent, LiCoO 2 particles to serve as the active substance, carbon particles to contribute to the electron conductivity, and poly(vinylidene fluoride), and then spreading the mixture onto aluminum foil.
  • the active-substance layer had a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, a capacity density of 3 mAh (milliampere-hours)/cm 2 , and a total capacity of 21 mAh. Furthermore, the diameter of the positive electrode was 30 mm.
  • 100 lithium secondary batteries were prepared as Sample No. 2 by setting into coin-type cells the above-described negative-electrode component material 5A, a separator (porous polymer film), and the positive-electrode component material, and by dripping into the cells an organic electrolyte in which 1 mol % LiPF 6 was dissolved as an electrolyte salt into a mixed solution of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate.
  • One-hundred lithium secondary batteries of configuration likewise as with Embodiment 1 but using rolled copper foil as the substrate were prepared, with the negative electrode being a component material in which the metallic lithium film and the solid electrolytic film were formed on the copper-foil substrate, and as a comparative test the batteries were run through a charge-discharge cycling test under the same conditions as in Embodiment 1.
  • the substrate of a negative electrode component material is formed from a constituent material provided with an electrical insulator, or an electrically insulating layer atop a metal base material, and a metallic lithium film and a solid electrolytic film are provided atop the substrate, and this configuration inhibits dendritic growth from arising by the reaction of the metallic lithium and the organic electrolyte. What is more, even if local dendritic growth temporarily occurs, by the metallic lithium in that region of the negative electrode becoming spent the supply of electrons will automatically stop. Accordingly, shorting originating in dendritic growth is eliminated, which yields a high-energy-density, highly stable, highly safe lithium secondary battery excelling in charge-discharge cyclability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
EP04735512A 2004-05-31 2004-05-31 Matériau d'électrode négative d'une pile secondaire au lithium et pile secondaire au lithium Withdrawn EP1755180A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2004/007877 WO2005117166A1 (fr) 2004-05-31 2004-05-31 Matériau d'électrode négative d'une pile secondaire au lithium et pile secondaire au lithium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1755180A1 true EP1755180A1 (fr) 2007-02-21
EP1755180A4 EP1755180A4 (fr) 2012-05-09

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ID=35451177

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EP04735512A Withdrawn EP1755180A4 (fr) 2004-05-31 2004-05-31 Matériau d'électrode négative d'une pile secondaire au lithium et pile secondaire au lithium

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7622225B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1755180A4 (fr)
KR (1) KR101116099B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100472851C (fr)
CA (1) CA2489849C (fr)
IL (1) IL165966A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005117166A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3033794A4 (fr) * 2013-08-15 2016-12-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Batterie au métal/li à électrolyte solide composite

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8551651B2 (en) * 2006-12-15 2013-10-08 Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Secondary cell having negative electrode base member
WO2011086664A1 (fr) 2010-01-12 2011-07-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Substance à transition de phase hydrophobe liquide et pile ou batterie la comportant
US10388943B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2019-08-20 Enevate Corporation Methods of reducing occurrences of short circuits and/or lithium plating in batteries
US9583757B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2017-02-28 Enevate Corporation Electrodes, electrochemical cells, and methods of forming electrodes and electrochemical cells
KR102314082B1 (ko) 2016-10-26 2021-10-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 리튬 이차 전지용 전극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지
KR102115596B1 (ko) 2016-11-24 2020-05-26 주식회사 엘지화학 리튬 전극의 전처리 방법 및 리튬 금속 전지
CN108878947B (zh) * 2017-05-16 2023-11-07 新强能电池公司 降低电池组中发生短路和/或锂析出的方法
US11228029B2 (en) 2017-10-27 2022-01-18 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for producing lithium metal negative electrode structure and lithium metal negative electrode structure
US11133498B2 (en) 2017-12-07 2021-09-28 Enevate Corporation Binding agents for electrochemically active materials and methods of forming the same
US10686214B2 (en) 2017-12-07 2020-06-16 Enevate Corporation Sandwich electrodes and methods of making the same

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US4911995A (en) * 1987-03-11 1990-03-27 Hydro-Quebec Thin electrode supported on electronically conductive sheet and process of manufacture
EP0662728A1 (fr) * 1993-12-29 1995-07-12 TDK Corporation Pile secondaire au lithium
WO2000019552A1 (fr) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-06 Sankar Dasgupta Electrode composite comprenant un polymere ptc
US20030129489A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Nec Tokin Corporation Energy device having collectors with rubber materials stacked in layers and a method of fabricating the energy device

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JP2635713B2 (ja) 1988-09-12 1997-07-30 ハイドローケベック シート基板上に支持された薄膜電極の製造方法
US5314765A (en) * 1993-10-14 1994-05-24 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Protective lithium ion conducting ceramic coating for lithium metal anodes and associate method
US6025094A (en) * 1994-11-23 2000-02-15 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Protective coatings for negative electrodes
JP3578015B2 (ja) 1998-12-03 2004-10-20 住友電気工業株式会社 リチウム二次電池
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JP3608507B2 (ja) 2000-07-19 2005-01-12 住友電気工業株式会社 アルカリ金属薄膜部材の製造方法
JP3412616B2 (ja) * 2000-07-19 2003-06-03 住友電気工業株式会社 リチウム二次電池用負極の製造方法
JP4174816B2 (ja) 2001-02-28 2008-11-05 住友電気工業株式会社 無機固体電解質およびリチウム電池部材
KR100485091B1 (ko) 2002-10-25 2005-04-22 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지
KR100477969B1 (ko) 2002-10-25 2005-03-23 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 리튬 전지용 음극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 전지
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4911995A (en) * 1987-03-11 1990-03-27 Hydro-Quebec Thin electrode supported on electronically conductive sheet and process of manufacture
EP0662728A1 (fr) * 1993-12-29 1995-07-12 TDK Corporation Pile secondaire au lithium
WO2000019552A1 (fr) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-06 Sankar Dasgupta Electrode composite comprenant un polymere ptc
US20030129489A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-10 Nec Tokin Corporation Energy device having collectors with rubber materials stacked in layers and a method of fabricating the energy device

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See also references of WO2005117166A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3033794A4 (fr) * 2013-08-15 2016-12-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Batterie au métal/li à électrolyte solide composite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1757127A (zh) 2006-04-05
IL165966A0 (en) 2006-01-15
EP1755180A4 (fr) 2012-05-09
US20070054193A1 (en) 2007-03-08
CN100472851C (zh) 2009-03-25
WO2005117166A1 (fr) 2005-12-08
US7622225B2 (en) 2009-11-24
CA2489849A1 (fr) 2005-11-30
KR101116099B1 (ko) 2012-02-13
IL165966A (en) 2011-06-30
KR20070021018A (ko) 2007-02-22
CA2489849C (fr) 2011-05-10

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