Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
  • D06M13/288—Phosphonic or phosphonous acids or derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
  • D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/325—Amines
  • D06M13/332—Di- or polyamines
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the flame-retardant finishing of fiber materials.
• the object has been achieved by a process for the flame-retardant finishing of a fibrous material which is in the form of a textile fabric or in the form of a yarn and contains less than 20% by weight of cellulose fibers, whereby the fibrous material is treated successively or simultaneously with a component A and a component B.
• component A is a branched polyethylenimine containing primary, secondary and tertiary amino groups and having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 1,500,000, preferably 10,000 to 1,000,000, and in which the ratio of secondary amino groups to primary amino groups in the Range from 1.00: 1 to 2.50: 1 and the numerical ratio of secondary amino groups to tertiary amino groups ranges from 1.20: 1 to 2.00: 1, or wherein component A is a mixture of such polyethyleninimes, wherein component B is a phosphonic acid of formula (I), (II) or formula (III) wherein in the formulas (I), (II) or (III) in up to 50% of the phosphorus bound OH groups, the hydrogen atom may be substituted by an alkali metal or an ammonium group, but preferably 100% of these OH groups in non neutralized form, or wherein component B is a mixture of compounds selected from compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III), in which y can
• fiber materials are understood as meaning yarns of natural or synthetic fibers or textile fabrics of such fibers, although mixtures of such fibers may be present. These materials are preferably free of cellulosic fibers, but in any case contain less than 20% by weight of cellulosic fibers.
• the fiber materials preferably consist of 30 to 100% by weight of wool. The remaining 0 to 70% by weight may be polyolefin fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyamide fibers. Less preferred as a mixing partner for the wool are polyester fibers.
• the fiber materials can Also, but less preferred, have a wool content of less than 30% by weight or be completely free of wool. As fibers for this alternative turn the above-mentioned fibers in question.
• a fiber material is treated successively or simultaneously with a component A and a component B. It is therefore possible for A and B to be applied simultaneously to the fiber material, for example in the form of a mixture containing components A and B. It is often advantageous to apply the components A and B in succession, and it is further preferred to apply the component A (polyethyleneimine) earlier to the fiber material than component B (phosphonic acid). It has been found that in many cases with this approach, a more effective flame retardant effect can be achieved than with the other mentioned process variants.
• component A and / or component B are not applied in a pure form to the fiber material, but in the form of a mixture with water, that is, if both component A and component B are applied in the form of a mixture which contains component A or component B and additionally water.
• component A can be used in the form of a mixture containing 50 to 500 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of component A
• component B in the form of a mixture containing 20 to 300 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight Component B contains.
• One or both of these mixtures may contain other components, for example polymaleic acid or partially hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride.
• the addition of partially or fully hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride is, if such an additive is used, preferably in the range of 1 to 5% by weight, based on total mixture containing component A or component B and water.
• polymaleic acid or partially hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride When polymaleic acid or partially hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride is used, it is preferably added to a mixture containing component A and water. This addition causes, in a number of cases, an increase in the permanence of the flame retardant effect.
• “permanence” is meant in this context that the flame retardant properties of the fiber materials are generally retained, even when the fiber material comes in contact with water. This increase in permanence could be due to the fact that the additional use of partially or completely hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride leads to a better fixation of the component A and / or component B on the fiber material.
• a partial ester of orthophosphoric acid to the fiber material.
• the application of this partial ester can be carried out simultaneously with the application of component A or component B or, what is preferred, separately therefrom in a separate operation.
• the amount of orthophosphoric acid partial ester which is applied is preferably in the range of 2 to 10% by weight, based on anhydrous fiber material.
• Suitable phosphoric acid partial esters include monoesters or diesters of orthophosphoric acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the alcohol component of the ester, or mixtures of such mono- and diesters.
• An example of this is diisooctyl phosphate or diphenyl phosphate or bis (t-butyl-phenyl) phosphate.
• the addition of such esters can often increase the flame retardant effect.
• neither component A nor component B nor the mixtures of component A or component B and water contain metals or metal compounds, apart from immaterial impurities.
• This is an advantage for cost and environmental reasons, e.g. compared to the well-known ZIRPRO® process, where zirconium compounds are used, and also prevents the finished fiber materials from being colored by metal ions.
• component B up to 50% of the phosphorus-bonded hydroxy groups may be replaced by alkali metal or ammonium ions, hydrogen atoms are not preferred.
• the application of component A, component B or of a mixture which contains water other than component A or component B, on the fiber material can be carried out by any desired methods. It is best to apply to the fiber material a mixture containing water and component A and then a mixture containing water and component B.
• the application can, if the fibrous material is present as a textile fabric, take place by means of the known method of padding.
• the fiber material is in the form of a yarn, the application of components A and B can be carried out by passing the yarn through one or more baths containing component A or component B and water, and then drying the yarns. But it is also possible to use a coil on which the yarn is wound, dipping in a dyeing process in one or more baths containing component A and / or component B, and then to dry the coil.
• a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is that the weight ratio of the applied to the fiber material amount of component A to the amount of applied component B ranges from 1: 1.8 to 1: 5.0, each based on anhydrous products. Preferably, the ratio is in the range of 1: 2.3 to 1: 3.5.
• the amount of component A and component B, which are applied to the fiber material is preferably such that on the finished fiber material 3 to 10% by weight of component A and 7 to 20% by weight of component B, based on anhydrous fiber material.
• Component A is a polyethyleneimine. As is customary with polymers, this is normally not a product which consists of all the same molecules, but is a mixture of products of different chain lengths.
• polyethyleneimines the fact known from the literature is added that under normal conditions there is a mixture of branched polymers whose individual molecules also differ in the number of branching units. This is expressed by the ratio of the number of secondary to primary amino groups as detailed below and to tertiary amino groups.
• Polyethyleneimines are products known from the literature. They can be prepared inter alia by reacting 1,2-ethylenediamine with 1,2-dichloroethane.
• polyethyleneimines which can be prepared by polymerization of unsubstituted aziridine (ethyleneimine). This polymerization can be carried out by known methods, if appropriate with addition of acidic catalysts, for example hydrochloric acid, and optionally in the presence of water.
• acidic catalysts for example hydrochloric acid
• Polyethyleneimines suitable for the process according to the invention are available on the market, for example from BASF, Germany (LUPASOL® grades and POLYMIN® grades).
• the US Pat. No. 6,451,961 B2 , and the US 5,977,293 describe polyethyleneimines and processes for their preparation.
• the polyethyleneimines described there can be used for carrying out the process according to the invention, provided they meet the conditions mentioned above and in claim 1. Further describe DA Tomalia et al in "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 1. Wiley NY 1985, pp. 680-739 , suitable polyethyleneimines and process for their preparation. Polyethyleneimines, their preparation and properties are also used in D. Horn. Polyethlyenimine Physicochemical Properties and Applications, in "Polymeric Amines and Ammonium Salts.” Goethals EJ, Pergamon Press: Oxford, New York 1980, pp. 333-355 , described.
• the polyethyleneimines suitable as component A for the process according to the invention are branched. That is, the polymer having end groups of formula H 2 N-CH 2 -CH 2 - and within the polymer chain, units of the formula -CH 2 -CH 2 -NH-CH 2 -CH 2 -NH- additionally has units of the formula within the chain contains.
• the polymer thus contains primary, secondary and tertiary amino groups.
• the numerical ratios between the individual amino groups must assume values in a certain range.
• the ratio of the number of secondary amino groups to the number of primary amino groups must be in the range of 1.00: 1 to 2.50: 1, and the ratio of the number of secondary amino groups to the number of tertiary amino groups in the range of 1.20: 1 to 2.00: 1.
• the values for the numerical ratios of the various amino groups present in a particular polyethyleneimine or mixture of polyethylenimines can be determined by 13 C-NMR spectroscopy. This is explained in " T. St. Pierre and M. Geckle, 13 C-NMR Analsy is Branched Polyethyleneimine, J. Macromol. SCI.-CHEM., Vol. A 22 (5 - 7), pages 877-887 (1985 ) ".
• a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is that component A a Polyethyleneimine formed by polymerization of ethyleneimine and having the following structure (formula (V)) wherein the polymerization is optionally catalysed acid, wherein the individual units which contain tertiary amino groups and the individual units which contain secondary amino groups can be distributed as desired over the polymer chain, in which b is greater than a and wherein a and b have such values that the conditions mentioned in claim 1 for the molecular weight and for the numerical ratios of the amino groups with one another are met or wherein component A is a mixture of such polyethyleneimines.
• component A is normally a mixture of polyethylenimines.
• component A being a mixture of compounds of the formula (V).
• the values of a and b in the compounds of the formula (V) must, of course, be chosen so that the values for the ratios of the individual amino groups to one another and for the average molecular weight determined in the mixture are in the ranges stated above and in claim 1 ,
• the control of these values can, as mentioned, be done via the parameters in the production of the polyethyleneimines.
• Component B is a phosphonic acid of the formula (1), the formula (II) or the formula (III)
• Component B may also be a mixture of compounds selected from compounds of formula (I), formula (II) and formula (III).
• R represents a linear or branched alkyl radical. This alkyl group contains 1 to 7 carbon atoms in the case that the below-mentioned R 1 is a hydroxy group. If R 1 is hydrogen, the radical R contains 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
• the radical R 1 in formula (1) is H or OH.
• the radical R 2 is the radical
• y can take the values 0, 1 or 2.
• y has the value 0, which analogously to the case described above results in an increase in the phosphorus content on the fiber product.
• All radicals R 4 present in compounds of the formula (III) independently of one another represent hydrogen or or for a radical of the formula (IV) In this formula (IV), t is 0 or a number from 1 to 10.
• 50 to 100% of all radicals R 4 present are
• Phosphonic acids of formulas (I), (II) and (III) are commercially available products, e.g. Masquol P 210-1 from Protex-Extrosa or Briquest 301-50 A from Rhodia or the products Cublen D50 (from Zschimmer & Schwarz, DE), or Diquest 2060 S (from Solutia, Belgium). Phosphonic acids of the formulas (I), (II) and (III) can be prepared by methods generally known from the literature.
• a particularly advantageous embodiment of the process according to the invention is characterized in that component B is a mixture of phosphonic acids of the formula (II) and of the formula (III), both of which are in completely unneutralized form.
• the mixing ratio of phosphonic acid of the formula (II) and phosphonic acid of the formula (III) may assume any values.
• the weight ratio of the two types of phosphonic acid can assume values of 0: 100 to 100: 0.
• component B a compound of formula (I) or a mixture of compounds of formula (I) or a compound of formula (II) or a mixture of compounds of formula (II) or a compound of formula (III) or Mixture of compounds of formula (III) can be used. Particularly good results can be obtained if component B consists to 100% of a compound of formula (II) or a mixture of compounds of formula (II), in which case y in formula (II) has the value 0 or 1.
• the fiber materials which are treated by the process according to the invention are in the form of a textile fabric or in the form of a yarn.
• the yarn may consist of continuous filaments or may have been made of staple fibers by ring spinning or open-end spinning.
• Textile fabrics are wovens, knits or fleeces (nonwovens).
• tissues are used for carrying out the method according to the invention.
• the fiber materials preferably contain from 30 to 100% by weight of wool. Fabrics consisting of 100% wool are particularly well suited to the process of the invention. The origin of the wool is not decisive, but the quality of the wool naturally influences the properties of the final article.
• the fiber materials treated by the process of the invention can be used to make consumer textiles, such as e.g. Car seats, curtains, carpets, etc.
• mixture 1a 4.8 kg of a commercially available aqueous solution (LUPASOL® P, BASF, DE) containing 50% by weight of water and 50% by weight of polyethylenimine were mixed with 4.8 kg of water and 0.35 kg of a 50% aqueous solution of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride.
• the finished mixture hereinafter referred to as "mixture 1a" thus contained about 24% by weight of component A.
• This example relates to the treatment of fiber materials which are in the form of yarns with components A and B.
• Mixture 1c contained 50% by weight of mixture 1 a (according to Example 1 a) and 50% by weight of water. Mixture 1c thus contained component A. The amount of mixture 1c added was 12% by weight, based on the weight of the respective yarn, ie based on the weight of yarn 2a or 2b or 2c in all 3 tests. In all 3 experiments, the cheeses were exposed in the dyeing apparatus at room temperature for 10 minutes to the action of mixture 1 c. Subsequently, the apparatus was rinsed with water for 5 minutes and the rinse water was removed. The mixture was then added to the apparatus at room temperature for 1 d. Mixture 1 d contained 50% by weight of the mixture 1 b prepared according to Example 1b) and 50% by weight of water. Thus, mixture contained 1 d component B).
• the cheeses were exposed to the action of mixture 1d for 10 minutes at room temperature. Subsequently, the apparatus was rinsed twice each with room temperature water. The cheeses were thereupon in all attempts removed from the apparatus and dried at 120 ° C for 15 minutes. Subsequently, 1 sample of knit fabric was made from the respective yarns.
• Example 2 All 3 experiments of Example 2 were repeated with the only difference that the amount of mixture 1 c and mixture 1 d, which was added to the dyeing machine, not 12 wt%, based on yarn weight, but only 6 wt%.
• This example relates to the treatment of tissues by the method of the invention.
• the fabric used was 100% wool, dyed red, 205 g / m 2 .
• the material was treated via padding with a liquor prepared as follows:
• Example 4 was repeated, with the difference that not 45 g of the aqueous phosphonic acid solution were used, but only 30 g, and that was not dried at 150 ° C, but at 110 ° C. The solids coverage was 8.6%.
• Example 4 was repeated with the only difference that not a fabric of 100% wool was used, but a fabric of 90 wt% wool and 10 wt% polyamide.
• the burn time is the time in seconds that the pattern in question still burns after being exposed to a flame for 3 seconds and then that flame is removed. A higher value for BZ thus means worse flame retardant properties.
• the burning time was determined according to DIN 54336 (November 1986 issue). The firing times were determined both on the tissue samples obtained immediately after the mentioned drying and on the samples of the same origin, which were still washed after drying (pure water at 40 ° C./20 minutes).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Fireproofing Substances (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-03-30 EP EP05006920A patent/EP1707665A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-02-25 CA CA002602238A patent/CA2602238A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-02-25 EP EP06707275A patent/EP1877616A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-02-25 CN CNA2006800192537A patent/CN101189383A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-02-25 US US11/910,106 patent/US20090068369A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-02-25 JP JP2008503386A patent/JP2008534798A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-02-25 WO PCT/EP2006/001750 patent/WO2006102962A1/en active Application Filing

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