EP1634121A1 - Seclection de pigments pour un support de couches photographiques - Google Patents
Seclection de pigments pour un support de couches photographiquesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1634121A1 EP1634121A1 EP04755529A EP04755529A EP1634121A1 EP 1634121 A1 EP1634121 A1 EP 1634121A1 EP 04755529 A EP04755529 A EP 04755529A EP 04755529 A EP04755529 A EP 04755529A EP 1634121 A1 EP1634121 A1 EP 1634121A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pigment
- coating
- pigment coating
- support material
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
- B41M5/42—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
- B41M5/504—Backcoats
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
- B41M5/506—Intermediate layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5218—Macromolecular coatings characterised by inorganic additives, e.g. pigments, clays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5254—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
- D21H19/385—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
- D21H19/42—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments at least partly organic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/72—Coated paper characterised by the paper substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
- B41M5/42—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers
- B41M5/426—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers characterised by inorganic compounds, e.g. metals, metal salts, metal complexes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
- B41M5/42—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers
- B41M5/44—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers characterised by the macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/16—Pure paper, i.e. paper lacking or having low content of contaminants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
- G03C1/79—Macromolecular coatings or impregnations therefor, e.g. varnishes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/91—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/91—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means
- G03C1/93—Macromolecular substances therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C2001/0818—Calcium ion content or calcium compound
Definitions
- the present invention relates to photographic base stock and, more particularly, to a photographic base stock comprising a pigment coating which exhibits improved smoothness.
- Silver halide-based photography and ink jet printing are two of the most frequently used methods for producing photographic images. Both methods depend on a highly smooth base paper on which to apply a functional coating.
- the base paper is covered with a plastic film which in turn is covered with photosensitive coating layers.
- a high quality ink jet receptive coating is applied to the surface of a smooth base paper. The smoothness of the base paper is critical to the smoothness of the final product, and therefore, the quality of the photographic image produced.
- U. S. Pat. No. 6,482,581 describes a photographic printing paper provided on at least a topside with a pigmented coating based on clay and/or other pigments to provide a surface roughness of 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the amount of clay is limited to less than 3.3 g/m 2 to maintain desired whiteness of the finished sheet.
- U.S. Pat. Pub. No. 2001/0026869 describes using a narrow particle size pigment to improve smoothness of support materials for recording materials.
- the objective is to cover the roughness of the basesheet with a fixed amount of coating (coat weight).
- the potential benefit of the narrow particle size pigment is in increased coating bulk, giving improved coverage of basesheet roughness at a given coat weight.
- this benefit is only obtainable if the entire pigment system has a narrow particle size distribution. If a conventional clay or carbonate is used in conjunction with the narrow particle size pigment, the overall pigment particle size distribution is no longer narrow, and the benefits do not occur.
- a coated paper having pigment coating on at least one side thereof wherein the pigment coating comprises aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate and hollow sphere polystyrene pigment.
- the pigment coating may also contain a high-aspect-ratio clay with aspect ratio in the range of about 50 to about 100.
- the pigment coating may be applied to provide a coat weight of from about 4 to about 15 lb/3300 ft 2 , more particularly from about 8 to 10 lb/3300 ft 2 .
- the pigment coating in accordance with a particular embodiment of the invention may comprise aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate blended with hollow sphere polystyrene pigment wherein the hollow sphere polystyrene pigment is present in an amount of from about 5 to 25 parts (about 5 to 25%), more particularly 15 to 20 parts (about 15 to 20%), by dry weight based on total pigment weight.
- the pigment coating may comprise high aspect ratio clay with an aspect ratio of from about 50 to about 100 blended with aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate wherein the high aspect ratio clay is present in an amount of from about 5 to 25 parts (about 5 to 25%), more particularly 10 to 15 parts (about 10 to 15%), by dry weight based on total pigment weight.
- the pigment coating may comprise hollow sphere polystyrene pigment, high aspect ratio clay and aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate wherein the hollow sphere polystyrene pigment is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 25 parts (about 5 to 25%), more particularly about 20 parts (about 20%), the high aspect ratio clay is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 25 parts (about 5 to 25%), more particularly about 12 parts (about 12 %) and the aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate is present in an amount form about 50 to about 90 parts (about 50 to 90%), more particularly about 68 parts (about 68%), by dry weight based on total pigment.
- the pigment . coating is substantially free of clay.
- the pigment coating may include a binder present in the pigment coating composition at from about 8 to about 30 % by weight of the dry coating.
- the pigment to binder ratio may range from about 100: 15 to about 100:40, more particularly from about 100:20 to about 100:30.
- the binder includes an acrylic binder.
- the acrylic binder may be selected from the group consisting of acrylic esters, modified acrylic esters, acrylic ester co-polymers, modified acrylic ester co-polymers and mixtures thereof.
- a method for producing a coated paper for use in forming a recording material includes the steps of providing a raw base stock and coating the raw base stock on at least one side with a pigment coating composition comprising aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate, hollow sphere polystyrene pigment and, optionally, high- aspect-ratio clay, with aspect ratio in the range of about 50 to about 100.
- the coated paper may further be subjected to a smoothing operation to provide a coated paper having a roughness of not more than about 1.5 micron Ra.
- a support material for an image forming system includes a base stock having a pigment coating comprising aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate, hollow sphere polystyrene pigment, and, optionally, high-aspect-ratio clay, with aspect ratio in the range of about 50 to about 100 on at least one side thereof and an image forming or image receptive coating layer on at least one side of the coated paper wherein the image forming or image receptive coating is selected from the group consisting of a photosensitive emulsion, an ink jet receptive coating, a thermal dye recording layer and a pigment based ink receptive layer.
- the support material further comprises a polymeric coating layer disposed between the pigment coating on the coated paper and the image forming or image receptive coating layer on one or both sides of the support material.
- the polymeric coating layer may be a polyolefin or polyester coating layer in accordance with certain aspects of the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing average uncalendered roughness as a function of pigment type and binder level
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing average supercalendered roughness as a function of pigment type and binder level
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing uncalendered roughness (Ra) as a function of high-aspect- ratio clay and hollow sphere plastic pigment levels
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing supercalendered roughness (Ra) as a function of high- aspect-ratio clay and hollow sphere plastic pigment levels.
- Coatings for photographic base paper typically must have a higher binder concentration than those used to coat other types of papers. This is because of the large amounts of fluid the sheet comes into contact with either in the silver halide photo development process or during ink jet printing of photographic images. Pigments optimized at typical binder levels, used for offset printing papers, may not perform well at the higher binder levels used for photo base papers.
- One aspect of the present invention relates to a method of producing a highly smoothed base stock for photographic imaging by applying a coating containing one or more pigments found to be particularly useful in improving smoothness of the base stock.
- the pigments useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, anisotropic particles in the form of needle-shaped aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate, high-aspect-ratio clay, low bulk density pigment in the form of hollow sphere polystyrene pigment and combinations thereof.
- a specific pigment formulation comprising a combination of these pigments is provided.
- the roughness of a coated photographic base paper can be minimized.
- a pigment coating containing from about 10 to about 14% high aspect ratio clay, from about 18 to about 22% hollow sphere polystyrene pigment and from about 65 to about 75% aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate based on total pigment weight can be used to minimize surface roughness.
- the present invention provides levels of roughness that are not typically attained using prior art techniques.
- the hollow sphere pigment used in the present invention includes pigment particles made from a synthetic organic polymer or any inorganic shell-forming material such as glass or sodium silicate. Typically such microspheres have a diameter of approximately 0.3 to 15 and preferably about 1.0 micron.
- Such hollow synthetic organic pigment particles are known in the art and are commercially available from Rohm and Haas Corp.
- One example of a commercially available hollow sphere pigment that is useful in the present invention is sold under the trade designation HP-1055 from Rohm and Haas.
- Porous hollow plastic pigments available from Dow under the trade designation HS 2000NA are also believed to be useful when used as microspheres in the present invention.
- Hollow polymer particles which are useful in this invention may be made in accordance with and having the properties disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.
- the high aspect ratio clay useful in the present invention includes those clays having an aspect ratio, diameter to thickness, of from about 50 to about 100.
- a particularly useful clay is a kaolin clay, Contour 1500, commercially available from Imersys.
- Precipitated calcium carbonate generally has a crystal form of calcite, aragonite or vaterite.
- a precipitated calcium carbonate having a aragonite crystal form is preferable in view of providing increased smoothness to the resulting base stock.
- Aragonite forms crystals having a length/width ratio (hereinafter ⁇ "aspect ratio”) in the range between>l : l and 100:1 of which a typical aspect ratio is 10, in which case the aragonite forms long, thin needles. Therefore, aragonite having a high aspect ratio may be denoted hereinafter— “acicular aragonite” or “needle-shaped aragonite”.
- the needle-shaped aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate useful in the present invention includes those commercially available from Specialty Minerals.
- the aragonitic precipitated calcium carbonate pigments described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,861,209 may also be useful in the present invention.
- the pigment coating composition of the present invention may further include binders and other pigments typically used in pigment coatings as would be known to those skilled in the art.
- pigments that may be included in the pigment composition include, but are not limited to, other calcium carbonate pigments, clay, titanium dioxide, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, magnesium carbonate, zinc oxide, talc, satin white, barium sulfate, calcium silicate, zinc hydroxide, etc.
- binders examples include, but are not limited to, styrene-butadiene polymers, acrylic polymers, styrene-acrylic polymers, vinyl acetate and ethylenevinyl acetate polymers.
- the binder used in the coating is an acrylic latex.
- acrylic latexes include but are not limited to, acrylic esters, modified acrylic esters, acrylic ester co-polymers, and modified acrylic ester co-polymers.
- useful binders include Rhoplex B-15P, Rhoplex P-554, and Rhoplex 60-A.
- Rhoplex B15-P available from the Rohm and Haas Company.
- the binder is usually used in an amount of about 8% to 30% by weight, preferably about 15% to about 25% by weight, based on the total solids content of the coating.
- the coating composition includes binders described in copending application Ser. No. entitled "BINDER SELECTION FOR COATED PHOTOGRAPHIC BASE STOCK.”
- the base stock of the present invention may be used in any image forming system in which a smooth base sheet is required to provide a high quality image.
- it may be used in conjunction with photosensitive emulsions, water or pigment-based ink receptive layers, thermal dye-recording layers, or other specialty coatings appropriate for a given imaging method.
- a base stock produced in accordance with the present invention can be converted into photographic products or used to produce photographic ink jet products.
- Base stock for papers that produce high quality images require exceptionally smooth surfaces.
- Fiber used in the manufacture of these papers is generally natural cellulose fiber, but synthetic fiber may also be used.
- the base stock can be produced on a Fourdrinier or cylinder paper machine.
- a raw base sheet is formed using fibers as described in co-pending Application Ser. No. , entitled "SMOOTH BASE STOCK COMPOSED OF NONSTANDARD FIBERS.” Any conventional sizing and bonding agents can be used in manufacture of the raw base stock.
- the raw paper may contain pigments and filling agents such as clay, calcium carbonate or titanium dioxide, as well as additional auxiliary substances such as defoaming agents, optical brighteners and coloring agents.
- the basis weight of the raw base paper will typically be from about 50 to about 250 g/m 2 , more particularly from about 100 to about 200 g/m 2 .
- the pigment coating as described herein may be applied to the uncoated base stock using any conventional coating devices, such as a gate roll coater, a bill blade coater, an air knife coater, and the like.
- the pigment coating will typically be applied to provide a coat weight of from about 4 to about 15 lb/3300 ft 2 , more particularly from about 8 to 10 lb/3300 ft 2 .
- final smoothness of the base stock or coated paper is generally achieved by subjecting the web or coated paper to various smoothing operations.
- One particularly useful method involves a densification process known as calendering, during which a paper web is passed between nips formed by multiple rolls stacked upon one another, creating pressure to compress the paper and make it smoother.
- the compression step is accomplished with a stack of four or more metallic rolls (U.S. Pat. No. 5,060,565). In such a stack, the nip load and compression force increase in each successive nip from the top down due to the weight of the rolls and whatever additional load force is applied.
- a process is described using a nip formed by two rolls of dissimilar material (i.e. metallic and a polymeric resin covered roll) followed by a nip formed by two metallic rolls.
- This is a process used for production of standard base stocks as well.
- the paper may be compressed by a succession of nips formed by either a polymeric resin covered roll and a metallic roll or by two metallic rolls. It is known in the art of calendering that a nip formed by a polymeric covered roll and a metallic roll will give improved fine scale smoothness to the web contacting the polymeric covered roll. A nip formed by two metallic rolls will improve large to medium scale roughness resulting from paper formation-related roughness.
- the smoothing operation involves passing the paper web or coated paper through a plurality of nips in a calender stack wherein the first nips are formed by polymeric covered rolls adjacent to metallic rolls and the last two nips are formed by pairs of adjacent metallic rolls. Therefore, the fine scale smoothness is improved initially with the large and medium scale smoothness improved in the last two nips.
- a means is employed to control nip pressures so calender roll weight and loading pressure are not the only factors in determining individual nip loads.
- the described calendering sequence allows a high level of smoothness without a blackening effect that can occur when paper is calendered through multiple metallic nips.
- Coated paper in accordance with the present invention is advantageous due to the improvement in smoothness obtained using the described pigment coating composition.
- Smoother papers provide images of higher quality in most image forming operations.
- Smoothness of photobase paper is particularly important for generating high quality images.
- the surface roughness or Ra of the base stock or coated paper is a measure of relatively finely spaced surface irregularities on the paper. Ra represents the center line roughness of the base stock or finished paper. The surface roughness measurement provides an indication of the maximum variations over the surface of the paper. Lower Ra values indicate smoother base stock or coated paper.
- the paper is subjected to a smoothing operation to provide a base stock or coated paper having a roughness of from about 1.2 micron Ra to about 1.5 micron Ra.
- Calender loads typically range from about 1000 pli to about 1500 pli to produce base stock or coated paper having the desired smoothness.
- Ra is preferably 3.0 microns or less, more preferably 2.0 micron or less and most preferably 1.5 micron or less.
- a coated paper having a pigment coating containing from about 20 to about 30% of an acrylic binder, from about 40 to about 80% of aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate and from about 15 to about 25% hollow sphere polystyrene pigment by weight based on the dry pigment coating.
- the pigment coated paper is further coated with a polymeric resin layer on one or both sides of the coated paper.
- the polymer film is typically applied to the coated paper by an extruding or laminating process although any method of coating the polymeric film to the base stock to provide a smooth surface can be used.
- One or more coating layers of polymer can be applied to the paper.
- the polymers useful in accordance with this aspect of the invention are not particularly limited provided the polymer is capable of being extruded, laminated or coated onto the paper base stock.
- Polyolefin resins typically are used in producing a photographic support to which a photosensitive emulsion is applied.
- Polyolefin resins useful in forming the polyolefin resin layer include homopolymers of olefins such as low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polypentene, copolymers of two or more olefins and mixtures thereof. Polymers of various densities and melt indices can be used. Polyester resins or films may also be used in producing a photographic support.
- the polymer resin layer may also include other additives such as pigments, amides, metal salts of aliphatic acids, antioxidants, brighteners, ultraviolet absorbers, etc. Titanium dioxide is frequently added to the polymer resin layer to improve sharpness and image resolution.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,357 to Uno et al. describes various polyolefin coating compositions and the use of the compositions in producing photographic supports.
- the polymer layer may be applied to provide a dry coat weight of from about 5 to about 30 lb/3300 ft 2 , more particularly from about 15 to about 25 lb/3300 ft 2 .
- the polymer layer can be extruded as a single layer or co-extruded as a multi-layer.
- the first is a fine ground calcium carbonate with 90 % of particles less than two microns in diameter (Hydrocarb 90 by Omya).
- the second pigment is a narrow-particle-size ground calcium carbonate (Covercarb HP by Omya).
- the third pigment is a needle-shaped aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate (Opacarb A40 by Specialty Minerals).
- the object was to compare the pigments for their ability to decrease the roughness of an uncoated photobase sheet.
- the formulations contained 85 parts calcium carbonate pigment, 15 parts hollow sphere polystyrene pigment, and 15, 25 or 35 parts of an acrylic based latex binder.
- the roughness value of the uncoated base sheet was 1.8 microns.
- Figure 1 clearly shows that the comparative performance of the pigments depends greatly on the binder level of the coating. At the lowest binder level, performance differences among the pigments can be seen, but they are small. With 25 parts (about 20% of total pigment coating) binder, the differences among pigments can be seen more clearly.
- the narrow particle size ground calcium carbonate produced a lower surface roughness than the fine ground calcium carbonate.
- the aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate performed better than both ground calcium carbonates.
- the highest binder level which is the binder level typically used to prevent liquid penetration, the aragonite calcium carbonate clearly performs much better than either ground calcium carbonate.
- the narrow particle size pigment doesn't perform better than the standard ground calcium carbonate. If these coated sheets are supercalendered ( Figure 2), the differences in roughness are reduced, but at 35 parts (about 26% of total pigment coating) binder, the relative performance of the pigments is still clear.
- a designed experiment was conducted to optimize the levels of hollow sphere polystyrene pigment and high-aspect-ratio clay, in conjunction with aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate, to minimize the roughness of a coated photographic base paper.
- the high-aspect-ratio clay had an aspect ratio, diameter to thickness, of about 80.
- the coatings were applied to an uncoated photographic base paper.
- the pigments were bound using 25 parts (about 20%) acrylic latex binder and 3 parts (about 2%) starch.
- the Roughness was measured using a Mahr-Feinpruf optical profilometer with an S8P processor. The cutoff length was 1 mm.
- the test data was used, in conjunction with ECHIP statistical modeling software, to generate a mathematical model of the design space containing all levels of hollow sphere pigment and high-aspect-ratio clay between 0 and 25 parts (about 20%) pigment.
- the remaining pigment portion was made up of aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate (between 50 and 100 parts (between about 40 and 80%)).
- a partial cubic mathematical equation was used to model the data.
- the three-dimensional representation of that model is shown in Figure 3 for the unsupercalendered roughness.
- the X-axis shows hollow sphere pigment levels between 0 and 25 parts (about 20%).
- the Y-axis shows high- aspect-ratio clay levels between 0 and 25 parts (about 20%).
- the Z-axis shows measured surface roughness in microns.
- the graph shows the roughness decreases as the level of high- aspect-ratio clay or hollow sphere pigment increases, up to a point.
- the graph shows an optimum combination of pigments, to produce minimum roughness, to be approximately 12 parts (about 9%) high-aspect-ratio clay, 20 parts (about 16%) hollow sphere pigment and 68 parts (about 53%) aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate.
- the minimum roughness was achieved with approximately the same proportion of pigments. Parts are per 100 parts pigment and percentages are based on the total dry weight of the pigment coating.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un papier couché, utilisé en particulier en tant que papier de base de prises de vue, comprenant un revêtement à pigments sur au moins un de ses côtés, ledit revêtement à pigments comprenant du carbonate de calcium précipité par de l'aragonite, des pigments à sphère creuse, et éventuellement de l'argile à rapport de forme élevée, ledit rapport étant compris entre 50 et 100, et leurs mélange. L'invention concerne également des procédés pour fabriquer le papier couché présentant une rugosité inférieure ou égale à 3 microns.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US47899103P | 2003-06-17 | 2003-06-17 | |
PCT/US2004/019405 WO2004114014A1 (fr) | 2003-06-17 | 2004-06-17 | Seclection de pigments pour un support de couches photographiques |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1634121A1 true EP1634121A1 (fr) | 2006-03-15 |
Family
ID=33539136
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP04755529A Withdrawn EP1634121A1 (fr) | 2003-06-17 | 2004-06-17 | Seclection de pigments pour un support de couches photographiques |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1634121A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2007524006A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004114014A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003093577A1 (fr) | 2002-05-03 | 2003-11-13 | Imerys Minerals Limited | Pigments de revetement de papier |
JP4566598B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-29 | 2010-10-20 | 日本製紙株式会社 | キャスト塗工紙及びその製造方法 |
KR20070028249A (ko) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-12 | 오지 세이시 가부시키가이샤 | 도공지 |
CN102677538B (zh) | 2007-06-18 | 2014-12-31 | 欧美诺华解决方案公司 | 纸涂布组合物、涂布纸和方法 |
US8821997B2 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2014-09-02 | Newpage Corporation | Recording medium for inkjet printing |
GB201511492D0 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-08-12 | Imerys Minerals Ltd | Mineral compositions |
CN109937278A (zh) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-06-25 | 维实洛克Mwv有限责任公司 | 具有低涂层重量和高平滑度的纸板 |
US10961663B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2021-03-30 | Westrock Mwv, Llc | Paperboard with low coat weight and high smoothness |
GB202006061D0 (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-06-10 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Photographic paper |
JP7031917B1 (ja) | 2021-08-12 | 2022-03-08 | 株式会社Tbm | 印刷用シート及び印刷用シートの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2676291B2 (ja) * | 1992-02-26 | 1997-11-12 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 電子写真用転写紙 |
JPH06235194A (ja) * | 1993-02-10 | 1994-08-23 | New Oji Paper Co Ltd | 印刷用塗被紙の製造方法 |
JP3222293B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-13 | 2001-10-22 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | 印刷用顔料塗被紙及びその製造方法 |
JP3463839B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-09 | 2003-11-05 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | 写真印画紙用支持体およびその製造方法 |
JP2938380B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-09 | 1999-08-23 | 日本製紙株式会社 | インクジェット記録用紙及びその製造方法 |
JPH1072796A (ja) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-03-17 | Oji Paper Co Ltd | 印刷用両面塗被紙 |
US5853870A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-12-29 | Oji Paper Co., Ltd. | Both-side coated paper comprising kaolin for usE of printing |
JP2000514145A (ja) * | 1996-11-08 | 2000-10-24 | エス ディ ウォレン サーヴィシーズ カンパニー | コーティング済み印刷用紙およびその製造方法 |
US5861209A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1999-01-19 | Minerals Technologies Inc. | Aragonitic precipitated calcium carbonate pigment for coating rotogravure printing papers |
JPH11271928A (ja) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-10-08 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | 画像材料用支持体およびその製造方法 |
EP0952483B1 (fr) * | 1998-04-23 | 2002-07-24 | Fuji Photo Film B.V. | Papier de support revêtu pour papier de tirage photographique |
JP2000039686A (ja) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-02-08 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | 画像材料用支持体 |
JP2000118155A (ja) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-25 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 熱転写受像シート及びその製造方法 |
FI117874B (fi) * | 2000-01-28 | 2007-03-30 | M Real Oyj | Menetelmä paperiradan päällystämiseksi sekä päällystyskoostumus |
JP3895574B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-16 | 2007-03-22 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | インクジェット被記録媒体及びその製造方法 |
JP3680929B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-30 | 2005-08-10 | 大王製紙株式会社 | グラビア印刷用高光沢紙 |
JP2002220795A (ja) * | 2001-01-22 | 2002-08-09 | Daio Paper Corp | 光沢紙 |
-
2004
- 2004-06-17 WO PCT/US2004/019405 patent/WO2004114014A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2004-06-17 JP JP2006517358A patent/JP2007524006A/ja active Pending
- 2004-06-17 EP EP04755529A patent/EP1634121A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004114014A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2004114014A1 (fr) | 2004-12-29 |
WO2004114014A8 (fr) | 2005-08-25 |
JP2007524006A (ja) | 2007-08-23 |
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