WO2004114015A1 - Selection de liants pour un support de couches photographique couche - Google Patents

Selection de liants pour un support de couches photographique couche Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004114015A1
WO2004114015A1 PCT/US2004/019403 US2004019403W WO2004114015A1 WO 2004114015 A1 WO2004114015 A1 WO 2004114015A1 US 2004019403 W US2004019403 W US 2004019403W WO 2004114015 A1 WO2004114015 A1 WO 2004114015A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
pigment
accordance
support material
binder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/019403
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gregg L. Brelsford
Dean R. Johnson
Original Assignee
Newpage Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newpage Corporation filed Critical Newpage Corporation
Publication of WO2004114015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004114015A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
    • G03C1/79—Macromolecular coatings or impregnations therefor, e.g. varnishes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
    • B41M5/42—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
    • B41M5/504—Backcoats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
    • B41M5/506—Intermediate layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/5218—Macromolecular coatings characterised by inorganic additives, e.g. pigments, clays
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
    • D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H19/58—Polymers or oligomers of diolefins, aromatic vinyl monomers or unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/72—Coated paper characterised by the paper substrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
    • B41M5/42—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers
    • B41M5/426—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers characterised by inorganic compounds, e.g. metals, metal salts, metal complexes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/40—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used characterised by the base backcoat, intermediate, or covering layers, e.g. for thermal transfer dye-donor or dye-receiver sheets; Heat, radiation filtering or absorbing means or layers; combined with other image registration layers or compositions; Special originals for reproduction by thermography
    • B41M5/42—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers
    • B41M5/44—Intermediate, backcoat, or covering layers characterised by the macromolecular compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/16—Pure paper, i.e. paper lacking or having low content of contaminants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/91—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means
    • G03C1/93—Macromolecular substances therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to coated photographic base stocks and, more particularly, to coated photographic base stocks wherein the coating comprises an acrylic binder.
  • the acrylic binder provides image stability and improved resistance to edge penetration during the developing process.
  • the color of the base stock upon which the photographic paper is formed must maintain its whiteness and brightness when subjected to varying conditions of light intensity.
  • the binder used in the coating must provide color stability and resistance to edge penetration by developer solutions comparable to an uncoated base stock.
  • Photographic base stock is designed for color stability by control of the materials used in its manufacture. Colorants and whitening agents used must be stable under variable lighting conditions.
  • a coated photographic base stock is useful for providing a smoother base stock for extrusion or lamination of a polymer layer to one or both sides and subsequent application of other specialty coatings.
  • coatings containing inorganic minerals are suggested in U.S. Pat. No. 6,482,581 and U.S. Pub. No. 2001/0026869. These references disclose the use of inorganic minerals such as calcium carbonate and clay materials. It is known in the art of coating paper that additional materials must be used in coatings to adhere the coating pigments to themselves and to the substrate upon which the coating is applied.
  • binders Materials used for this purpose are generally known as binders and can be synthetic or natural. Coatings used in the examples of the references noted above contained synthetic binders of styrene- butadiene chemistry and starch, a natural binder. Starch is used as a binder in uncoated photo base stock to provide strength to the surface of the base stock.
  • the binder in a coating for photographic base stock must perform additional functions compared to a binder in a coating used for typical coated papers where interactions with printing inks and printing processes are critical.
  • the photographic paper passes through a series of liquid solutions; a developer bath, a stop bath, and water wash baths. If the developer solution is allowed to penetrate into the edge of a photograph, an objectionable discoloration will result. If calcium ions leach into the developer solution from the photographic paper, the calcium ions will decrease the useful life of the developer solution.
  • elevated amounts of binder are required in a coating for photographic base stock. With more binder in the coating, color stability of the binder becomes more critical.
  • Binders of styrene butadiene chemistry do not possess the requisite color stability. With exposure to light, the color of coatings prepared using styrene-butadiene binders will shift towards yellow, significantly affecting the brightness and whiteness appearance of the base stock.
  • the present invention relates to photographic base stock comprising a pigment coating containing binders of acrylic based chemistry.
  • the binders useful in accordance with the present invention impart color stability to a coating comparable to an uncoated base stock.
  • Coatings prepared using these binders also provide sufficient water resistance to inhibit edge penetration of developer, bind the coating pigments to control release of calcium ions into the photo developer, and promote good adhesion to an applied polymer coating.
  • a coated photographic base stock wherein the coating comprises an elevated amount of binder and yet provides non-yellowing color stability.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in L value as a function of exposure time for the examples in Table 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in "a" value as a function of exposure time for the examples in Table 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in "b" value as a function of exposure time for the examples in Table 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change in brightness as a function of exposure time for the examples in Table 1.
  • L is a measure of how light paper appears and varies from 100 for perfect white to zero for black.
  • the a value is a measure of how red or green paper appears, a positive a value is a shift towards red, a negative a is a shift towards green.
  • the b value is a measure of how blue or yellow paper appears; a positive b value is a shift toward yellow and a negative b value is a shift toward blue.
  • Brightness is a measure of reflected light intensity measured at 457nm, which relates to the blue part of the spectrum.
  • L, a, and b are measured by breaking down reflected light into four quadrants: blue, green, yellow and red.
  • the intensity of light in each of these quadrants is represented by the +/- a or b value.
  • base stock upon which a high quality image is printed is an important property, particularly in the field of photography or for photo quality images created by digital means, i.e. ink jet, dye sublimation, etc.
  • High quality base stock for these applications generally has a bright blue-white appearance, achieved by fiber bleaching and the addition of various colorants and fluorescent whitening agents (FWA) or optical brightening agents (OB A), during manufacture.
  • FWA fluorescent whitening agents
  • OB A optical brightening agents
  • Many of these materials are supplied to the paper making industry and product selection can depend on base stock properties and other requirements. Regardless of what materials are used, they must not be susceptible to significant changes in color upon exposure to light and or heat.
  • Testing color stability of a high quality base stock consists of exposing samples to a light source of controlled intensity, in a controlled environment, for a specified period of time. During the specified time period, color values of samples are measured at designated time intervals.
  • samples are exposed to simulated sunlight through glass in a chamber maintained at about 35 °C for three days. Examples of equipment that can be used for this testing are the SunTest Light Chamber and the Gardner Colorguard Light Booth.
  • coated papers are considered stable if stability results for the coated papers are comparable to the results obtained with the uncoated base stock.
  • Comparable samples would appear to be within normal color variations for a specific type or grade of paper. Comparable test samples will typically have a difference in L values of less than about 0.5, preferably less than about 0.3, a difference in b values of less than about 3, preferably less than about 2 and/or a difference in brightness of less than about 3, preferably less than about 2 brightness units.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,482,581 and U.S. Pub. No. 2001/0026869 describe the coating of a cellulose base stock to make it smoother with fewer pits and subsequently allow for higher speeds in subsequent processing steps.
  • coating improves smoothness, particularly when the coated paper is subsequently calendered.
  • Coating formulations have numerous components that are required for a coating to function as required. Pigments such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, talc, inorganic metal oxides, and kaolin clays and the like generally make up the bulk of a coating. Inorganic pigments such as those manufactured from styrene and acrylic monomers are also used.
  • Binders natural and synthetic, are used to give strength to the coating pigment system and also to adhere a coating to the cellulose substrate that has been coated. Binders used in conventional paper coatings can be selected from groups such as modified and unmodified starches, polyvinyl alcohols, styrene-butadiene, acrylics, styrene- acrylics, and others known in the art of coating. Binders for most coated products are selected for properties of strength, cost, and the ability to be printed on by various methods, such as gravure, offset, inkjet, etc.
  • binder selection is determined by numerous specific requirements of the coated base stock.
  • the coating must be comparable to the uncoated base stock for color stability, must not interfere with the photo developer chemicals, must not allow edge penetration of the developer solution, must provide adhesive strength between coating pigments, and must provide adhesive strength between coating and subsequently applied polymer or other coatings.
  • the pigment coating composition of the present invention may include binders and pigments typically used in pigment coatings as would be known to those skilled in the art.
  • pigments that may be included in the pigment composition include, but are not limited to, calcium carbonate pigments, clay, titanium dioxide, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, magnesium carbonate, zinc oxide, talc, satin white, barium sulfate, calcium silicate, zinc hydroxide, etc. and mixtures thereof.
  • binders found to provide the necessary color stability include, but are not limited to, acrylic, vinyl acrylic, styrene acrylic, and vinyl acetate.
  • the binder used in the coating is an acrylic latex.
  • acrylic latexes include but are not limited to, acrylic esters, modified acrylic esters, acrylic ester co-polymers, and modified acrylic ester co-polymers.
  • useful binders include Rhoplex B-15P, Rhoplex P-554, and Rhoplex 60-A.
  • Rhoplex B15-P available from the Rohm and Haas Company.
  • the binder is usually used in an amount of about 8% to 30% by weight, more particularly, about 15% to about 25% by weight, based on the total solids content of the coating.
  • the binder may be used in amounts ranging from about 20% to about 30% binder by weight.
  • the pigment to binder ratio may range from about 100:15 to about 100:40, more particularly from about 100:20 to about 100:30.
  • the base stock of the present invention may be used in any image forming system in which a smooth base sheet is required to provide a high quality image.
  • it may be used in conjunction with photosensitive emulsions, water or pigment-based ink receptive layers, thermal dye-recording layers, or other specialty coatings appropriate for a given imaging method.
  • a base stock produced in accordance with the present invention can be converted into photographic products or used to produce photographic inkjet products.
  • Base stock for papers that produce high quality images require exceptionally smooth surfaces.
  • Fiber used in the manufacture of these papers is generally natural cellulose fiber, but synthetic fiber may also be used.
  • the base stock can be produced on a Fourdrinier or cylinder paper machine.
  • a raw base sheet is formed using fibers as described in commonly assigned and contemporaneously filed
  • the raw paper may contain pigments and filling agents such as clay, calcium carbonate or titanium dioxide, as well as additional auxiliary substances such as defoaming agents, optical brighteners and coloring agents.
  • the basis weight of the raw base paper will typically be from about 50 to about 250 g/m 2 , more particularly from about 100 to about 200 g/m 2 .
  • the pigments useful in accordance with the present invention are not particularly limited and any pigments can be used which are suitable for the end use application of the coated paper.
  • the pigment coating contains pigments which are particularly useful in improving smoothness of the base stock as described in commonly assigned and contemporaneously filed U.S. Application No. , entitled "PIGMENT SELECTION FOR COATED PHOTOGRAPHIC BASE
  • pigments useful in accordance with this aspect of the present invention include, but are not limited to, anisotropic particles in the form of needle-shaped aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate, high-aspect-ratio clay, low bulk density pigment in the form of hollow sphere polystyrene pigment and combinations thereof.
  • a specific pigment formulation comprising a combination of these pigments is provided.
  • a pigment coating containing from about 10 to about 14% high aspect ratio clay, from about 18 to about 22% hollow sphere polystyrene pigment and from about 65 to about 75% aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate based on total pigment weight can be used to minimize surface roughness.
  • the present invention provides levels of smoothness that are not typically attained using prior art techniques.
  • a coated paper having a pigment coating containing from about 20 to about 30% of an acrylic binder, from about 40 to about 80% of aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate and from about 15 to about 25% hollow sphere polystyrene pigment by weight based on the dry pigment coating.
  • the pigment coating as described herein may be applied to the uncoated base stock using any conventional coating devices, such as a gate roll coater, a bill blade coater, an air knife coater, and the like.
  • the pigment coating will typically be applied to provide a coat weight of from about 4 to about 15 lb/3300 ft 2 , more particularly from about 8 to 10 lb/3300 ft 2 .
  • final smoothness of the base stock or coated paper is generally achieved by subjecting the web or coated paper to various smoothing operations.
  • One particularly useful method involves a densification process known as calendering, during which a paper web is passed between nips formed by multiple rolls stacked upon one another, creating pressure to compress the paper and make it smoother.
  • the compression step is accomplished with a stack of four or more metallic rolls (U.S. Pat. No. 5,060,565). In such a stack, the nip load and compression force increase in each successive nip from the top down due to the weight of the rolls and whatever additional load force is applied.
  • a process is described using a nip formed by two rolls of dissimilar material (i.e. metallic and a polymeric resin covered roll) followed by a nip formed by two metallic rolls.
  • This is a process used for production of standard base stocks as well.
  • the paper may be compressed by a succession of nips formed by either a polymeric resin covered roll and a metallic roll or by two metallic rolls. It is known in the art of calendering that a nip formed by a polymeric covered roll and a metallic roll will give improved fine scale smoothness to the web contacting the polymeric covered roll. A nip formed by two metallic rolls will improve large to medium scale roughness resulting from paper formation-related roughness.
  • the smoothing operation involves passing the paper web or coated paper through a plurality of nips in a calender stack wherein the first nips are formed by polymeric covered rolls adjacent to metallic rolls and the last two nips are formed by pairs of adjacent metallic rolls. Therefore, the fine scale smoothness is improved initially with the large and medium scale smoothness improved in the last two nips.
  • a means is employed to control nip pressures so calender roll weight and loading pressure are not the only factors in determining individual nip loads.
  • the described calendering sequence allows a high level of smoothness without a blackening effect that can occur when paper is calendered through multiple metallic nips.
  • Coated paper in accordance with the present invention is advantageous due to the improvement in smoothness obtained using the described coating composition .
  • Smoother papers provide images of higher quality in most image forming operations. Smoothness of photobase paper is particularly important for generating high quality images.
  • the surface roughness or Ra of the base stock or coated paper is a measure of relatively finely spaced surface irregularities on the paper. Ra represents the center line roughness of the base stock or finished paper. The surface roughness measurement provides an indication of the maximum variations over the surface of the paper. Lower Ra values indicate smoother base stock or coated paper.
  • the base stock is subjected to a smoothing operation to provide a base stock or coated paper having a roughness of from about 1.2 micron Ra to about 1.5 micron Ra.
  • Calender loads typically range from about 1000 pli to about 1500 pli to produce base stock having the desired smoothness.
  • Ra represents the center line roughness of the base stock or finished paper. Ra is preferably 3.0 microns or less, more preferably 2.0 micron or less and most preferably 1.5 micron or less.
  • the pigment coated paper is further coated with a polymeric resin layer on one or both sides of the coated paper.
  • the polymer film is typically applied to the coated paper by an extruding or laminating process although any method of coating the polymeric film to the base stock to provide a smooth surface can be used.
  • One or more coating layers of polymer can be applied to the paper.
  • the polymers useful in accordance with this aspect of the invention are not particularly limited provided the polymer is capable of being extruded, laminated or coated onto the paper base stock.
  • Polyolefin resins typically are used in producing a photographic support to which a photosensitive emulsion is applied.
  • Polyolefin resins useful in forming the polyolefin resin layer include homopolymers of olefins such as low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polypentene, copolymers of two or more olefins and mixtures thereof. Polymers of various densities and melt indices can be used. Polyester resins or films may also be used in producing a photographic support.
  • the polymer resin layer may also include other additives such as pigments, amides, metal salts of aliphatic acids, antioxidants, brighteners, ultraviolet absorbers, etc. Titanium dioxide is frequently added to the polymer resin layer to improve sharpness and image resolution.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,357 to Uno et al. describes various polyolefin coating compositions and the use of the compositions in producing photographic supports.
  • the polymer layer may be applied to provide a dry coat weight of from about 5 to about 30 lb/3300 ft 2 , more particularly from about 15 to about 25 lb/3300 ft 2 .
  • the polymer layer can be extruded as a single layer or co-extruded as a multi-layer.
  • Coatings were prepared using five different binders representative of binders used in example coatings from U.S. Pat. No. 6,482,581 and U.S. Pub. No. 2001/0026869 and binders of coatings in accordance with the present invention.
  • Table 1 shows the coating composition of example coatings. The coatings were applied onto base stock appropriate for photographic use and tested for color stability. Testing was conducted in a SunTest Light Chamber for a period of three days. The light source was simulated sunlight through glass; chamber temperature was maintained at 35 deg C (95 deg F). Color measurements were taken and the results are shown in Figures 1 to 4
  • Coatings shown in Table 1 were prepared and applied onto base stock using drawdown rods.
  • H-90 is a ground calcium carbonate sold by Omya
  • Binder A is a styrene-acrylic binder, RAP 810, sold by Dow Chemical Binder B is a styrene-acrylic binder, RAP 800, sold by Dow Chemical Binder C is an acrylic binder, R-15, sold by Rohm and Haas Chemical Binder D is a styrene-butadiene, 638A, sold by Dow Chemical Binder E is a styrene-butadiene, 620A, sold by Dow Chemical
  • PG260 is an ethylatcd starch sold by Penford Products Company
  • Alcospeise is polymer dispcrsant, sold by Alco Chemical
  • the polyvinyl alcohol class of materials also provides binding strength along with color stability but generally would not be used as a sole binder in a mineral based coating but may be used in conjunction with a non-yellowing binder as described in the invention examples.
  • Edge Penetration When mineral pigments or organic spherical pigments are packed together, the structure formed contains numerous voids between the individual particles. These voids readily absorb liquid when in contact with a fluid. A binder material added to a coating holds these particles together and adheres the coating to the cellulose substrate.
  • a base stock sample is coated with a polymer coating by means of a laminator or extruder. Polymer coated samples are cut into approximately 5.0 cm squares and placed in a heated bath of photo developer. After a set period of time the samples are removed from the bath and placed in a drying oven, where the heat of the oven accentuates any discoloration that may have occurred along the edge of the sample due to penetration of the developer solution. Developer solution temperature and time of sample immersion can vary according to the desired severity of the testing.
  • Coatings were prepared with differing binder to pigment ratios; formulations and edge penetration results are shown in Table 2.
  • Edge penetration testing was conducted in a 75 deg C (167 deg F) developer bath for 10 minutes followed by 10 minutes in a drying oven at 105 deg C (221 deg F). Relative edge penetration within the samples was judged visually A clear improvement in edge penetration resistance was obtained with increasing amounts of binder. Binders are more expensive than mineral pigments so optimization of binder amount is important. Impact of pigment particle size is also indicated by the data. Larger particle size carbonate pigment gave better edge penetration at comparable binder content. Smaller particles will pack more closely but have a greater number of voids of smaller size; smaller size voids will have greater capillary action for filling with a liquid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un papier couché, utilisé en particulier en tant que papier de base de prise de vue, comprenant un revêtement à pigments sur au moins un de ses côtés. Ledit revêtement à pigments comprend un liant acrylique et le papier couché présente une stabilité comparable au papier de base non couché. L'invention concerne des procédés pour fabriquer le papier couché présentant une rugosité inférieure ou égale à 3 microns.
PCT/US2004/019403 2003-06-17 2004-06-17 Selection de liants pour un support de couches photographique couche WO2004114015A1 (fr)

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US47911803P 2003-06-17 2003-06-17
US60/479,118 2003-06-17

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WO2004114015A1 true WO2004114015A1 (fr) 2004-12-29

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007106885A2 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Papier d'impression photographique et son procede de fabrication
US8754007B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2014-06-17 Kanzaki Specialty Papers, Inc. Multi-layer sheet material
CN110552247A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2019-12-10 牡丹江恒丰纸业股份有限公司 一种多元复合成形纸的生产方法

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EP0284230A2 (fr) * 1987-03-24 1988-09-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Couche intermédiaire/antihalo pour constructions photothermographiques
US5060565A (en) 1988-12-22 1991-10-29 Felex Schoeller Jr. Gmbh & Co. Smoothing and calibrating of paper
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007106885A2 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Papier d'impression photographique et son procede de fabrication
WO2007106885A3 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2007-12-27 Hewlett Packard Development Co Papier d'impression photographique et son procede de fabrication
US8754007B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2014-06-17 Kanzaki Specialty Papers, Inc. Multi-layer sheet material
CN110552247A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2019-12-10 牡丹江恒丰纸业股份有限公司 一种多元复合成形纸的生产方法

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