EP1601478A1 - PROCEDE D'EMBOUTISSAGE A TIEDE DE PIECES EN ALLIAGE Al-Mg - Google Patents
PROCEDE D'EMBOUTISSAGE A TIEDE DE PIECES EN ALLIAGE Al-MgInfo
- Publication number
- EP1601478A1 EP1601478A1 EP04713927A EP04713927A EP1601478A1 EP 1601478 A1 EP1601478 A1 EP 1601478A1 EP 04713927 A EP04713927 A EP 04713927A EP 04713927 A EP04713927 A EP 04713927A EP 1601478 A1 EP1601478 A1 EP 1601478A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- stamping
- strip
- zone
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- KYHBVWCZJXBOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Na+].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Li+] KYHBVWCZJXBOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical class [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000979 O alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/201—Work-pieces; preparation of the work-pieces, e.g. lubricating, coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the invention relates to the manufacture, by warm stamping, that is to say at a temperature between 150 and 350 ° C, of highly deformed parts of aluminum alloy, in particular of alloy of the Al-Mg type ( 5000 series according to standard EN 573-3), intended in particular for automobile construction.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback and to allow the warm drawing of parts of aluminum alloy, in particular of Al-Mg alloy, for the automobile with a productivity compatible with the requirements of the automotive industry, either to obtain parts which could not be produced cold, or to facilitate the production thereof, in particular by reducing the number of drawing passes, or by using more economical alloys which are not formable cold.
- the subject of the invention is a process for the production of stamped parts of aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps: - the manufacture of a strip of thickness between 0.5 and 5 mm in composition alloy (% by weight ): Mg: 1 - 6 Mn ⁇ l, 2 Cu ⁇ l Zn ⁇ 1 Si ⁇ 3
- the lubricant can be either deposited beforehand on the cut blank, or sprayed onto the stamping tool just before stamping the blank.
- the stamping is preferably done in a single pass.
- the subject of the invention is also a part stamped from an aluminum alloy blank of the previous composition, comprising zones with little or no deformation and very deformed zones, in which the least deformed parts have a limit d 'elasticity R 0j at least 30% higher (or Vickers hardness at least 20% higher) than that of the most deformed areas.
- FIG. 1 represents, in perspective, an automobile door lining produced by the method according to the invention described in example 1.
- FIG. 2 represents the preheated zone of the blank used in Examples 1 and 2.
- Figure 3 is a sectional view of the counter-stamped corner of the part of the example
- the invention applies to the manufacture of stamped parts made of aluminum alloys containing from 1 to 6%, and preferably 3.5 to 5%, of magnesium.
- Mg contributes to the mechanical strength of the alloy, as does Cu, Mn or Zn which can be present up to a content of 1% for Cu and Zn, and 1.2% for Mn.
- These alloys are essentially alloys of the 5000 series, for example alloys 5052, 5083, 5182 or 5754, but can be of the 4000 series if the Si content is greater than that of Mg, or of the 3000 series if the content in Mn is slightly higher than that in Mg.
- Such 3000 or 4000 alloys may have been developed by incorporating a share of recycled manufacturing offcuts, which makes them economical alloys.
- the strips can be obtained, in a traditional manner, by casting of plates, hot rolling, then cold rolling, but also by continuous casting of strips, that is to say between two metal belts (“belt casting”) then hot rolling and possibly cold, either between two rolls cooled (“roll-casting”) then cold rolling.
- belt casting first metal belts
- roll-casting rolling-casting
- Fe In traditional casting, Fe is limited to 0.8%, but can reach 2% in alloys from continuous casting. Similarly, silicon can be higher, up to 3%, in continuous casting, while it is better to limit it to 2% in traditional casting.
- the last rolling pass can be carried out with a textured cylinder, for example by treatment with electron beam (EBT), by electro-erosion (EDT) or by laser beam, which improves the formability and surface appearance of the part formed after painting.
- EBT electron beam
- EDT electro-erosion
- the strips can be annealed (state O) if we want very large elongations to produce very deformed parts of difficult stamping, and that we are less demanding on the final mechanical strength.
- one of the advantages of the method according to the invention is to start from a hardened or partially restored state (Hlx or H2x). Indeed, in addition to the economic advantage of avoiding annealing, the appearance of Luders lines during stamping is also avoided, which is the case when starting from the annealed state.
- the strips are then cut into blanks of a shape adapted to the part to be produced.
- the blanks may be coated with a lubricant relatively stable at the stamping temperature, and not emitting toxic fumes at this temperature.
- the lubricant must also be easy to remove when degreasing, and compatible with subsequent operations such as welding or bonding without additional surface preparation, and with cataphoresis.
- lubricants based on synthetic esters with high boiling point and high flash point can be used, containing as lubrication additives zinc, sodium or lithium stearates, or solid lubricants boron nitride type.
- the blanks are then preheated to a temperature between 150 and 350 ° C.
- This preheating must be fast enough, less than 30 s, and preferably less than 20 s, or even less than 10 s, to supply the stamping tool at the required rate. If necessary, several preheating stations can be used to supply the same tool. Preheating can be done homogeneously over the entire blank, but also selectively, thereby creating a temperature gradient between different areas of the blank. This localized preheating makes it possible to optimize the mechanical characteristics, either by facilitating the shaping by a better distribution of the deformations, or by leading to a final part with heterogeneous mechanical properties, adapted to the function of each zone of the formed part. It is thus possible, for example, to selectively preheat the zones intended to be the most deformed. In the case of planed blanks, we can focus the preheating in the vicinity of the splicing zone to avoid a rupture in this zone during stamping.
- a suitable means for obtaining rapid and, if necessary, localized preheating is to use contact heating using a heating shoe applied to the blank having the shape of the zone or zones to be heated.
- a heating shoe applied to the blank having the shape of the zone or zones to be heated.
- Such a device provides a temperature rise from 20 to 300 ° C in less than 15 s, which makes it possible to supply a stamping line at a high rate with a reduced number of preheating devices.
- this device allows precise control and good reproducibility of the temperatures reached, with good control of time. cycle.
- the Applicant has found, surprisingly, that, to avoid a rupture during stamping, the blank preheating zone must be located not in the area to be formed, but in its vicinity.
- the heat input can only come from the preheating of the blank and not from that of the tool, because, in such a case, the contact between the tool and the blank is too fast to heat sufficiently.
- the blank is preheated, for example, using a heating block preferably located at a distance greater than 5 mm from the blank area corresponding to the locally very deformed area of the part.
- the blank is then transferred to the stamping tool, and, to obtain the desired temperature under the press, account must be taken of the possible cooling of the blank between the outlet of the oven and the press, which leads to slightly overheating the blank relative to the tool temperature.
- the preheated blank is then stamped.
- the stamping tool is also heated, at least partially, to a temperature between 150 and 350 ° C. This is achieved by incorporating electrical resistors into the tool. You can only heat certain areas of the tool, preferably the die and the blank holder rather than the punch.
- a particularly advantageous arrangement is to have a matrix in two heated parts separated by an air space. There is thus a hot matrix edge under the covering of the blank undergoing shrinking, and a colder matrix bottom to optimize the mechanical resistance of the blank on the rays of the matrix.
- a part of a tool cold in the vicinity of a hot part, for example a projection of compressed air to evacuate the heat on the part to be kept cold, or else a circulation of a fluid. inside this part.
- the temperature of the different parts of the tool is controlled by regulation.
- the lubricant can be deposited directly on the stamping tool, for example by spraying a mist. In this way, the time of exposure of the lubricant to high temperatures is reduced, which avoids its premature degradation during preheating.
- the design of the tool must take into account the non-uniform expansion of the tool when the temperature is not uniform.
- the tool can be surface treated to avoid seizing.
- the shaping cycle preferably comprises a single stamping pass, followed by finishing passes for trimming or falling off the edges.
- the stamping rate is at least 6 strokes per minute.
- the method according to the invention can be used for the manufacture of parts comprising very deformed zones, in particular parts for automobile construction, both bodywork parts and structural or reinforcement parts. Thanks to the optimal combination of preheating the blanks in certain areas, and heating the tool with a thermal gradient between different parts, it is possible to obtain appearance parts for bodywork skin, such as for example opening or pavilions, made from blanks of thickness between 0.6 and 1.5 mm, having a completely unusual configuration of mechanical properties depending on the properties required for the different parts of the formed part, for example resistance to indentation or crash behavior. In the conventional cold stamping process, the most deformed areas are the hardest, and therefore the hardest.
- the process according to the invention when starting from a hardened state, the most deformed zones, generally at the periphery, are, during stamping, in the partially restored state, thanks to the heating of the tool opposite of these areas, which allows a good flow of metal in the tool. These areas therefore do not harden, while the slightly deformed, cooler areas retain their original high mechanical strength.
- the process makes it possible, by having an alloy with a high yield strength before the cataphoresis step, to avoid the appearance of permanent deformations due differential thermal expansion that occurs during this operation.
- structural and reinforcement parts for example bumper beams, ground connections, stretchers, cradles and opening reinforcements, made from blanks with a thickness between 2 and 5 mm, it is possible to obtain deep-drawn depths which cannot be produced when cold, a lower elastic return and a higher mechanical resistance.
- the high mechanical resistance of slightly deformed parts can prove to be favorable in the event of a frontal impact, and thus makes it possible to lighten the reinforcement. profiled in this area.
- the method according to the invention allows a large latitude of adjustment in order to achieve the final shape with the desired characteristics.
- an intermediate metallurgical state Hn4 or Hn2
- heating of the blank and appropriate tools it is possible to temporarily lower the elastic limit during shaping. After cooling, the part regains a high mechanical resistance, little degraded compared to that of the original blank.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to supply a stamping press with a rate of at least 6 pieces per minute. Compared with cold stamping, it optimizes the mechanical properties for shaping, and leads, on the shaped products, to gradients of mechanical properties, which contribute to improving the service function of the final part (for example its resistance to crash or indentation) or to simplify the subsequent operations of assembling the formed part (for example crimping).
- the blank preheating step in the process according to the invention ensures good thermal stability of the process by limiting the heat exchanges between the blank and the tool, by making it possible to simplify the device heating device, and by making these tools are less sensitive to temperature variations during high speed shaping.
- the door lining shown in FIG. 1 was produced by the method according to the invention, and in a single stamping pass, comprising an integrated window frame whose box depth is at least 100 mm.
- the radii of curvature encountered in the part are severe (up to 6 to 8 mm).
- the trimming and cutting of the openings are carried out subsequently by traditional cutting tools.
- the application of the method according to the invention consists in preheating the periphery of the blank, corresponding to the area (1) of FIG. 2 which will be under the blank holder, so as to lower its elastic limit, and thus facilitating the flow of metal in the tool, even at high blank holding pressures.
- the center of the blank remains cold, in particular the zone which is in bending under tension on the radius of the punch, so as not to degrade its mechanical strength.
- the blank is preheated for 10 s on contact. In order to achieve localized heating, a shim having the shape of the zone to be heated is screwed under a heating plate. The blank is then pressed against this wedge and is thus brought to a temperature of 250 ° C.
- Figure 2 illustrates the shape of the shim screwed under the heating plate.
- the rapid heating time (10 s) ensures that the press is supplied with the cadence, and preserves a thermal gradient in the blank.
- the blank is ejected under the stamping press, which is a 900-ton hydraulic press.
- the stamping tool is made up of 4 elements: a punch, a blank holder and a 2-part die. The first, called the matrix ring, is opposite the blank holder. The second, called the bottom of the die, is located opposite the punch. Only the die ring and the blank holder are heated to 250 ° C by means of U-shaped resistors which run along the entry line of the die.
- the die bottom isolated from the die ring by an air knife, and the punch remain at a temperature below 130 ° C throughout the duration of the test.
- the blank is stamped at a punch speed of 200 mm / s.
- the formed part is then ejected from the press.
- the accessible rate is 6 to 10 strokes per minute, which is that of a conventional stamping line for steel door lining.
- the combination of localized preheating of the blank and heating of the tool makes it possible to limit the heat exchanges between the blank and the tool, and therefore ensures the thermal stability of the process.
- Example 2 door lining with counter-pressed
- Example 2a A part similar to that of Example 1 is produced, but having a particularly critical counter-pressed (3) at the corner of the window, the geometry of which is represented in FIG. 2.
- a rupture appears at the end of the stroke. , during the formation of the counter-pressed (3).
- we modified the preheating of the blank by adding a shim (2) under the preheating shoe, so as to preheat to 300 ° C, in addition to the periphery, a wedge area, as indicated in FIG. 2. It can be seen that if the wedge covers the entire corner area, the metal becomes too soft, and the part cannot be removed without breaking.
- Example 2b The same operations are carried out as in Example 2a, but with an alloy 5052-O derived from continuous casting of bands between cylinders ("t in-roll casting"). We obtain, with the same process parameters, a shaped part without breakage, which is impossible when cold with this material.
- Example 2c The same operations are repeated as in Example 2b, but with a crude 5052 hot rolling alloy, resulting from a continuous casting of strips between two belts (“twin-belt casting”). The result is identical.
- Example 3 door lining from a hardened blank
- Example 2 The same part is produced as in Example 1, but starting from a blank in 5182- H18, the elastic limit of which is greater than 300 MPa and its Vickers hardness. greater than 110 Hv.
- the blank is pre-lubricated with an emulsion saturated with lithium stearate.
- the blank is too hard to be shaped.
- the role of preheating is to facilitate deformation in the zones which will be strongly deformed, that is to say the peripheral zones. These areas are therefore preheated by the same device as above, but at a temperature of 350 ° C.
- the rapid and local preheating makes it possible to maintain a strong temperature gradient within the blank (250 ° C over 10 cm).
- the tools are brought to 300 ° C. Simple regulation keeps the tools at 300 ° C, because the exchange with the slightly warmer blank is less.
- the heating of the deformed parts causes a reduction in the flow stress, which makes it possible to carry out the drawing, the softened metal being able to flow in the tool and to be shaped.
- the zone of the glass strip slightly deformed and unheated, retains a high mechanical resistance (R m > 340 MPa, or Vickers hardness> 105 Hv), favorable in the event of a frontal impact.
- the reinforcement profile of this zone can therefore be lightened without loss of overall performance.
- a 5182 alloy pavilion is produced by lukewarm stamping according to the method of the invention.
- One of the properties of use of this type of part is its resistance to indentation, directly related to the elastic limit.
- the 5000 alloys are not structurally hardened, unlike the 6000 alloys which harden during the curing of the paints, the part must have an elastic limit after shaping large enough to fill the specifications. This is why we start from a blank with a thickness of 1 mm, of a highly hardened alloy, 5182 in the H14 state, the yield strength of which is greater than 240 MPa, ie a Vickers hardness> 95 Hv.
- the conventional cold stamping process such a blank cannot be shaped.
- Example 3 The same lubricant is used as in Example 3.
- the blank is preheated for 10 s under an iron which comes into contact with the entire blank. Indeed, unlike Example 1, it is preferable to heat the entire blank at 275 ° C in order to better control the final geometry and properly mark the lines of the part.
- the tool is composed of 3 elements: a punch, a blank holder and a matrix. Heating cartridges are inserted into the elements to bring them uniformly to 275 ° C. Stamping is carried out on the same 900 t hydraulic press as in the previous examples, at a punch speed of 200 mm / s. The rate is 6 pieces per minute.
- test pieces are taken, then passed through an oven to simulate a paint baking cycle (maintained at 180 ° C for 20 min).
- Tensile tests show that a yield strength greater than 220 MPa is retained, ie a hardness> 90 Hv, which is sufficient, for a sheet of thickness 1 mm, to obtain satisfactory resistance to indentation. .
- this high elastic limit makes it possible to avoid the appearance of permanent defects which could occur during the curing of the paints. Indeed, if the part is fixed on a steel frame, the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion leads to a greater expansion of the roof, from where a risk of buckling. If the elastic limit of the roof is low, this buckling can cause irreversible deformations (plasticization), but with a high elastic limit, this risk disappears.
- Example 5 Body skin part: exterior hood panel
- a hardened 5182 alloy is used to form an outer sash panel (cover).
- the criteria of appearance and resistance to indentation are the same as above.
- the outer panel must be crimped on a piece of lining.
- the contours of the panel must therefore be suitable for crimping, hence the need for a formable blank at this location.
- the areas to be crimped are located under the blank holder during the first stamping pass. We therefore start from a strongly hardened state, H18, which is very sensitive to the shaping temperature.
- Local preheating is carried out at 300 ° C. on the peripheral zone of the blank, both to facilitate stamping and to soften the zone which will be crimped later.
- rapid contact heating maintains a strong thermal gradient within the room.
- the stamping tools are uniformly heated to 300 ° C. On the reach of the blank holder, this continues the softening of the zones intended to be crimped, initiated during preheating, while in the punch zone, the heating helps to temporarily lower the elastic limit and to mark the shapes well of the room.
- the final product is therefore a panel whose central zone has lost very little of its mechanical characteristics before stamping due to its very short exposure (only during stamping) at 300 ° C: this gives an elastic limit R 0 ; 2 > 250 MPa, or a Vickers hardness> 97 Hv. This area therefore has good resistance to indentation.
- the peripheral zone on the other hand, has a lower elastic limit, R 0> 2 ⁇ 160 MPa, or even a Vickers hardness ⁇ 75 Hv. It is therefore very formable and suitable for crimping on a piece of lining.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0302335 | 2003-02-26 | ||
FR0302335A FR2851579B1 (fr) | 2003-02-26 | 2003-02-26 | PROCEDE D'EMBOUTISSAGE A TIEDE DE PIECES EN ALLIAGE A1-Mg |
PCT/FR2004/000407 WO2004076092A1 (fr) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-24 | PROCEDE D’EMBOUTISSAGE A TIEDE DE PIECES EN ALLIAGE Al-Mg |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1601478A1 true EP1601478A1 (fr) | 2005-12-07 |
EP1601478B1 EP1601478B1 (fr) | 2007-10-17 |
Family
ID=32799595
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04713927A Expired - Lifetime EP1601478B1 (fr) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-24 | PROCEDE D'EMBOUTISSAGE A TIEDE DE PIECES EN ALLIAGE Al-Mg |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8486206B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1601478B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4829774B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101084409B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100354056C (fr) |
AR (1) | AR043213A1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE375828T1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0407807A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2516636A1 (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ2005583A3 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602004009545T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2295824T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2851579B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MXPA05008819A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO343790B1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL377565A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004076092A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
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WO2018011069A1 (fr) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | Constellium Neuf-Brisach | Ébauches en alliage d'aluminium avec recuit éclair local |
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WO2014114625A1 (fr) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh | Procédé de formation d'un produit plat en alliage al-mg |
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DE102014108114B4 (de) | 2014-06-10 | 2018-02-22 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils aus Aluminium |
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JP6271408B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2018-01-31 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 温間成形方法 |
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CN104532069A (zh) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥派成铝业有限公司 | 一种强度高抗蚀性强的门窗用铝合金 |
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US10344364B2 (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2019-07-09 | Novelis Inc. | Process for warm forming a hardened aluminum alloy |
WO2017062398A1 (fr) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-04-13 | Novelis Inc. | Procédé de formage à chaud d'un alliage d'aluminium à l'état métallurgique t4, apte au durcissement par vieillissement |
KR101694831B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-01-11 | 조일알미늄(주) | 자동차 차체용 알루미늄 합금 조성물 및 주조 방법 |
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CN106756311A (zh) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 镇江华中电器有限公司 | 海洋电缆敷设装置挤压型材专用新型高抗腐蚀高强度铝锰合金及制备方法和成型工艺 |
CN106756310A (zh) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 镇江华中电器有限公司 | 海洋电缆敷设装置板材专用新型高抗腐蚀高强度铝锰合金及其制备方法 |
DE102017000483B4 (de) | 2017-01-19 | 2020-10-29 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Bauteils |
DE102017102685B4 (de) | 2017-02-10 | 2021-11-04 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Batterieträger mit einer tiefgezogenen Wanne aus Aluminiumsowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
KR102570708B1 (ko) * | 2017-03-27 | 2023-08-24 | 후루카와 덴키 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 알루미늄 합금재 그리고 이것을 사용한 도전 부재, 도전 부품, 스프링용 부재, 스프링용 부품, 반도체 모듈용 부재, 반도체 모듈용 부품, 구조용 부재 및 구조용 부품 |
FR3065013B1 (fr) | 2017-04-06 | 2020-08-07 | Constellium Neuf-Brisach | Procede ameliore de fabrication de composant de structure de caisse automobile |
DE102018116412A1 (de) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | Faurecia Autositze Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines eine Zahnreihe aufweisenden Bauteils zur Verstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugsitzes |
FR3094246B1 (fr) | 2019-03-29 | 2021-04-23 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Procédé de fabrication d’au moins deux pièces métalliques |
DE102019214740B3 (de) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-02-04 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einer Aluminiumlegierung |
EP3839085B1 (fr) | 2019-12-17 | 2023-04-26 | Constellium Neuf-Brisach | Procédé amélioré de fabrication d'un composant de structure d'une carrosserie de véhicule automobile |
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2004
- 2004-02-18 AR ARP040100498A patent/AR043213A1/es active IP Right Grant
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- 2004-02-24 PL PL377565A patent/PL377565A1/pl unknown
- 2004-02-24 WO PCT/FR2004/000407 patent/WO2004076092A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-24 KR KR1020057015651A patent/KR101084409B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-24 AT AT04713927T patent/ATE375828T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-24 BR BRPI0407807-1A patent/BRPI0407807A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-24 CZ CZ2005583A patent/CZ2005583A3/cs unknown
- 2004-02-24 CA CA002516636A patent/CA2516636A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-24 US US10/545,003 patent/US8486206B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2548670A1 (fr) | 2011-07-19 | 2013-01-23 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Outil de formage et procédé destiné à la fabrication de pièces de formage à partir de platines en métal |
WO2018011069A1 (fr) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | Constellium Neuf-Brisach | Ébauches en alliage d'aluminium avec recuit éclair local |
FR3053979A1 (fr) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-19 | Constellium Neuf-Brisach | Flans en alliages d’aluminium avec un recuit flash local |
US11939655B2 (en) | 2016-07-13 | 2024-03-26 | Constellium Neuf-Brisach | Aluminium alloy blanks with local flash annealing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1753740A (zh) | 2006-03-29 |
US8486206B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 |
BRPI0407807A (pt) | 2006-02-14 |
CZ2005583A3 (cs) | 2005-12-14 |
AU2004216425A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
ES2295824T3 (es) | 2008-04-16 |
DE602004009545T2 (de) | 2008-08-07 |
PL377565A1 (pl) | 2006-02-06 |
JP4829774B2 (ja) | 2011-12-07 |
KR101084409B1 (ko) | 2011-11-18 |
CN100354056C (zh) | 2007-12-12 |
FR2851579A1 (fr) | 2004-08-27 |
NO20053989L (no) | 2005-11-28 |
NO343790B1 (no) | 2019-06-11 |
AR043213A1 (es) | 2005-07-20 |
FR2851579B1 (fr) | 2005-04-01 |
CA2516636A1 (fr) | 2004-09-10 |
DE602004009545D1 (de) | 2007-11-29 |
US20060130941A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
JP2006519105A (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
KR20050106452A (ko) | 2005-11-09 |
MXPA05008819A (es) | 2005-10-18 |
ATE375828T1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
NO20053989D0 (no) | 2005-08-26 |
EP1601478B1 (fr) | 2007-10-17 |
WO2004076092A1 (fr) | 2004-09-10 |
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