EP2415882B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de formage en tôle à partir d'un alliage en aluminium non durcissable durci par laminage - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de formage en tôle à partir d'un alliage en aluminium non durcissable durci par laminage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2415882B1
EP2415882B1 EP10008040.7A EP10008040A EP2415882B1 EP 2415882 B1 EP2415882 B1 EP 2415882B1 EP 10008040 A EP10008040 A EP 10008040A EP 2415882 B1 EP2415882 B1 EP 2415882B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet metal
heated
shaping
sheet
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10008040.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2415882A1 (fr
Inventor
Holger Diersmann
Jochen Dörr
Jochem Grewe
Andreas Hitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH filed Critical Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Priority to EP10008040.7A priority Critical patent/EP2415882B1/fr
Publication of EP2415882A1 publication Critical patent/EP2415882A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2415882B1 publication Critical patent/EP2415882B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a sheet metal part from a non-hardenable aluminum alloy.
  • Non-hardenable aluminum alloys are usually characterized by very good corrosion resistance. In addition, they are often used in non-highly stressed components, but without focusing on special lightweight construction.
  • the JP 2009 012041 A discloses a sheet metal part of an aluminum-magnesium alloy in a material state H1x or H2x.
  • the production takes place from a sheet metal blank, which is heated to 230 ° to 350 ° C within 2 to 30 seconds and reshaped and taken out of the tool.
  • From the DE 29 50 379 A1 is a method for the treatment of precipitation hardenable non-ferrous alloys.
  • the alloy is subjected to rapid cooling from a temperature in the range of half-warm temperatures to a quenching temperature, the Alloy is processed at least within this temperature range.
  • the processing takes place, for example, after casting in a rolling mill.
  • WO 2009/123538 A1 is a method for the production of press-formed sheet metal parts from steel blanks known.
  • the steel sheets are both hot formed in one step and cooled.
  • the invention is based on the object to show a way, such as sheet metal, consisting of hard, non-hardenable aluminum alloys, forming a complex component of high strength can be produced efficiently.
  • An essential step of the invention is that the temperature range to which the sheet is heated, between 200 ° C and 400 ° C, in particular less than 370 ° C, and the heating and compression molding of the component within a period of 1 to 60 Seconds takes place, after which the heated sheet is inserted into a forming tool of a forming press and formed into a sheet metal part.
  • the sheet is cooled to a temperature of less than 200 ° C within 60 seconds after heating.
  • the cooling is done by forming.
  • the heated sheet is placed in a cold forming tool, wherein a cold forming an unheated or not externally heated forming tool is to be understood.
  • an active cooling of the formed sheet takes place.
  • the process according to the invention with increasing heating and holding time brings about a slight loss of strength in the case of the temperatures required for forming, so that as short overall times as possible according to the invention are to be aimed at.
  • the sheet Since for handling after heating and pressing of the sheets certain cycle times are technically hardly, or only with uneconomical effort to fall below, as fast as possible heating offers the best opportunities to produce components with a strength close to that of the starting sheet.
  • the sheet must be heated to a temperature of at least 200 ° C and at most 400 ° C, preferably 250 ° C to 370 ° C, in particular 270 ° C to 300 ° C.
  • the associated heating for the inventive Processes are 1 to 60 seconds, well below those which are possible in a conventional furnace heating to the temperatures mentioned.
  • the heating can therefore preferably be resistive, conductive, inductive or capacitive. Wherein the heating period, as described above, is preferably shorter and should be less than 45 seconds, in particular for temperatures above 250 ° C below 30 seconds.
  • the European Standard EN515 specifies how to describe basic conditions of aluminum semi-finished products.
  • the letter H means work-hardened. This term applies to products undergoing cold working or a combination of cold forming and recovery annealing or stabilizing to ensure the specified mechanical properties after annealing (or after hot working).
  • the letter H is followed by two digits, the first to indicate the type of thermal treatment, the second to indicate the degree of work hardening.
  • Cold forming is understood to mean the plastic deformation of a metal at a temperature and velocity which leads to work hardening.
  • Work hardening is the change of the metal structure by cold working, which leads to increased strength and hardness, whereby the moldability decreases.
  • H1x stands for work-hardened products which are work-hardened to obtain the desired strength without additional thermal treatment.
  • the status designation H2x means work-hardened and re-annealed. This applies to products which are work-hardened beyond the desired final strength and then softened to the desired strength by annealing.
  • H3x means work-hardened and stabilized and applies to work-hardened products whose mechanical properties are stabilized by thermal treatment at low temperature or by heating during processing. Stabilizing generally improves the formability. This designation applies only to alloys that solidify without stabilization by storage at room temperature.
  • the second digit after the H indicates the final degree of work hardening characterized by the minimum values of tensile strength.
  • the number 8 is assigned to the hardest conditions that are commonly produced.
  • the number 9 denotes states whose minimum tensile strength is 10 MPa or more above the H8x states.
  • the numbers 2, 4 and 6 indicate intermediate states. Accordingly, H12 means work-hardened-1/4 hard, H14 work hardened-1/2 hard, H16 work hardened-3/4 hard and H18 work hardened-4/4 hard (fully through hardened).
  • work hardened and re-annealed materials are categorized under conditions H22 / 24/26/28, or work hardened and stabilized materials for H32 / 34/36/38. Overall, therefore, sheets are to be used, which are hard-rolling and thus have undergone work hardening by rolling.
  • the advantage of the invention is that a relatively complex component can be produced from a roll-hard, non-hardenable aluminum alloy which has a high strength completely or in some areas.
  • the special feature is that the areas of high strength are not dependent on the deformation and the introduced degrees of deformation. This results in an alternative production path compared to thermosetting alloys, which entail high production costs due to significantly higher semi-finished product costs and a heat treatment of the component lasting up to 24 hours.
  • An open sheet metal part in the sense of this invention is a component produced from a sheet metal blank, that is to say from a substantially flat initial state.
  • the starting material has been work hardened by rolling to a certain target value.
  • An open sheet metal part according to the invention does not mean hollow profile.
  • the hard-rolling, non-hardenable aluminum sheet should preferably be completely heated and reshaped. It is also conceivable, however, a partial hot forming by the sheet is heated in regions to different temperatures before forming. It is also conceivable that the sheet has areas that have been heated for different lengths, either to achieve different target temperatures or by the heating time to influence the local deformation properties of the sheet or the target strengths.
  • the sheet can preferably be heated resistively, conductively, inductively or capacitively.
  • Parts of the sheet or the sheet metal part can be kept after the forming in a device further to temperature or heated.
  • the aim is to create a generally improved compared to a completely hard component component that has more favorable properties, in particular with regard to the deformation behavior in an accident, be it in terms of energy consumption or in terms of weight savings.
  • the forming tool can have a mold cavity with at least one region which is heated.
  • heated points in the tool and cooled areas can be provided.
  • the heated areas in the forming tool allow the workpiece to be held at a higher temperature within an additional period of time by first heating a certain area for a longer period of time.
  • a multi-stage forming mold cavities may be provided in other tool stages, which are partially heated.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée ouverte en tôle à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium non durcissable durci par laminage avec les étapes suivantes :
    a) préparation d'une tôle à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium non durcissable qui se trouve, selon la norme européenne EN515:1993, dans l'état métallurgique H12, H14, H16, H18, H19, H22, H24, H26, H28, H32, H34, H36 ou H38 et qui contient comme composant d'alliage, outre de l'aluminium, au moins du magnésium et éventuellement du manganèse ;
    b) chauffage au moins local de la tôle à une température comprise entre 200 °C et 400 °C sur un intervalle de temps compris entre 1 seconde et 60 secondes ;
    c) pose de la tôle chauffée dans un outil de formage d'une presse de formage et formage de la tôle pour obtenir la pièce moulée en tôle ;
    d) refroidissement de la pièce moulée en tôle dans l'outil de formage froid à une température inférieure à 200 °C en 60 secondes après le chauffage.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, avant le formage, la tôle est chauffée à des températures comprises entre 270 °C et 350 °C.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que, avant le formage, la tôle est chauffée par zones à des températures différentes.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la tôle est chauffée par zones pendant des durées différentes.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la tôle est chauffée par un chauffage résistif, conductif, inductif ou capacitif.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de formage comporte un espace creux de moulage avec au moins une zone qui est chauffée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, après le formage, des parties de la tôle sont maintenues à température dans un dispositif ou sont encore plus chauffées.
EP10008040.7A 2010-08-02 2010-08-02 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de formage en tôle à partir d'un alliage en aluminium non durcissable durci par laminage Not-in-force EP2415882B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10008040.7A EP2415882B1 (fr) 2010-08-02 2010-08-02 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de formage en tôle à partir d'un alliage en aluminium non durcissable durci par laminage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10008040.7A EP2415882B1 (fr) 2010-08-02 2010-08-02 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de formage en tôle à partir d'un alliage en aluminium non durcissable durci par laminage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2415882A1 EP2415882A1 (fr) 2012-02-08
EP2415882B1 true EP2415882B1 (fr) 2016-03-23

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EP10008040.7A Not-in-force EP2415882B1 (fr) 2010-08-02 2010-08-02 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de formage en tôle à partir d'un alliage en aluminium non durcissable durci par laminage

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Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2518173B1 (fr) 2011-04-26 2017-11-01 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de structure en tôle ainsi que composant de structure en tôle
US10391535B2 (en) * 2013-07-12 2019-08-27 Magna International Inc. Process for forming aluminum alloy parts with tailored mechanical properties
DE102014108111A1 (de) 2014-04-10 2015-10-15 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils aus Aluminium
DE102014108114B4 (de) * 2014-06-10 2018-02-22 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils aus Aluminium
DE102014108113A1 (de) * 2014-06-10 2015-12-17 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils aus Aluminium
DE102017116556B4 (de) * 2017-07-21 2022-02-03 Leiber Group Gmbh & Co. Kg Schmiedeverfahren, insbesondere Leichtbaulegierungsschmiedeverfahren
KR20210018918A (ko) * 2018-07-06 2021-02-18 노벨리스 인크. 맞춤형 공간 강도 및 성형성을 위한 불균일한 열 처리
CN114602994B (zh) * 2020-12-09 2024-05-31 上海新闵新能源科技股份有限公司 一种冷作硬化不锈钢棒材的制备方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009123538A1 (fr) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-08 Gestam Hardtech Ab Procédé de fabrication d'un produit métallique en feuillets formé sous presse
DE102009008282A1 (de) * 2009-02-10 2010-08-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Blechformteils aus einer walzharten, nicht aushärtbaren Aluminiumlegierung

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU80656A1 (fr) * 1978-12-14 1980-07-21 Lamitref Traitement et structure d'un aillage a base d'un metal non-ferreux
FR2851579B1 (fr) * 2003-02-26 2005-04-01 Pechiney Rhenalu PROCEDE D'EMBOUTISSAGE A TIEDE DE PIECES EN ALLIAGE A1-Mg
JP5266676B2 (ja) * 2007-07-05 2013-08-21 住友軽金属工業株式会社 温間成形加工方法と該温間成形加工方法により製造される成形加工品

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009123538A1 (fr) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-08 Gestam Hardtech Ab Procédé de fabrication d'un produit métallique en feuillets formé sous presse
DE102009008282A1 (de) * 2009-02-10 2010-08-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Blechformteils aus einer walzharten, nicht aushärtbaren Aluminiumlegierung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ROOS, EBERHARD, MAILE, KARL: "Werkstoffkunde für Ingenieure", 31 December 2002, SPRINGER-VERLAG, ISBN: 978-3-642-17463-6, article "7.2.2.3 Aluminiumlegierungen", pages: 238 - 239 *

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