EP1557336A1 - Méthode pour le chargement et déchargement d'un wagon ferroviaire, ainsi qu'un wagon et un terminal pour la mise en oeuvre de celle-ci - Google Patents

Méthode pour le chargement et déchargement d'un wagon ferroviaire, ainsi qu'un wagon et un terminal pour la mise en oeuvre de celle-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1557336A1
EP1557336A1 EP04405041A EP04405041A EP1557336A1 EP 1557336 A1 EP1557336 A1 EP 1557336A1 EP 04405041 A EP04405041 A EP 04405041A EP 04405041 A EP04405041 A EP 04405041A EP 1557336 A1 EP1557336 A1 EP 1557336A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wagon
loading
bogie
wagons
bogies
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04405041A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Gerber
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP04405041A priority Critical patent/EP1557336A1/fr
Publication of EP1557336A1 publication Critical patent/EP1557336A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B1/00—General arrangement of stations, platforms, or sidings; Railway networks; Rail vehicle marshalling systems
    • B61B1/005—Rail vehicle marshalling systems; Rail freight terminals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/10—Articulated vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
    • B61D47/005—Loading or unloading devices combined with road vehicles carrying wagons, e.g. ramps, turntables, lifting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for loading and unloading a railway train consisting of wagons, each of which has two bogies having tracks for the train and a terminal for loading and unloading the wagons are present.
  • DE-A-37 39 888 shows a composition of railway cars for the transport of road vehicles, in which a horizontal platform at an angle on the railway wagon bridge can be rotated to the longitudinal axis. The platform is based on this a pivot bearing on the railway car from.
  • Such rail freight cars allow individual loading and unloading of road vehicles from the Front side of the curved loading bridges over the wagon bridges ago.
  • EP 1 348 603 A1 shows a similarly constructed goods wagon for Transport of road vehicles, in which the lifting and pivoting means supported on the rail body.
  • the lifting and pivoting means are either attached to the freight car, or proceed as a trolley between the rails from car to car.
  • These methods have the disadvantage that the loading area for loading and unloading rests on the loading platform and by means of ramps, which are attached to the loading platforms or to the loading platforms, a level difference is to be bridged.
  • To lift and turn off are Heavy drive required.
  • asymmetrically distributed loads the loading bridge require large-sized lifting equipment.
  • the loading and unloading process can in such procedures, in which the loading bridges first turned out not have to start immediately after the train stops, which extends the train handling time. This is especially true if not every wagon is equipped with an individual turning and / or lifting device is.
  • US Patent 3,139,839 shows a single wagon whose Bogies for loading and unloading are routed on two tracks.
  • the one Track leads straight ahead, the other branches in a tight curve at right angles from.
  • Such a transversely positioned wagon can be loaded from the front side become.
  • This method has the disadvantage that only a single wagon in a transverse to the jaw direction, determined by the geometry of the track Position can be brought.
  • the curve radius must be smaller or equal to the distance between the two bogies, which is usually used rails, switches, bogies, wheelsets and flanges do not allow.
  • US Patent 4,122,779 also shows a car whose Bogies roll on different tracks, running parallel over a distance run. At the end, a pair of rails opens into a curve. A single car can thus be made transversely to the straight rail.
  • This method has the disadvantage that a track consists of four rails and only a single car can be positioned, and only one very specific place.
  • the invention is the Object to propose a method of the type mentioned, in which several cars immediately after the entrance of the train in the terminal can be loaded and unloaded at the same time without the wagons being disengaged or level differences have to be overcome.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that during the train is passed over a switch, this switch so back and forth that is, the bogies of each car on two from each other spaced, guided in a region parallel to each other tracks Be sure that every bogie in the track area after passing the turnout is driven, and that so in a loading and unloading position aligned wagons from at least one loading platform of the terminal be loaded or unloaded in the longitudinal direction of the wagons.
  • This solution according to the invention has the particular advantage that the loading and unloading of the wagons immediately after the stop of the Train be started and the departure of the train immediately after loading and unloading Unloading can be done.
  • Another advantage of this inventive solution is that by the folding of the wagons the train length to loading and Unloading is significantly reduced.
  • the loading platforms can thereby be kept short or it can be set up several trains in a row and handled.
  • the routes for forklifts and towing tractors for loading and unloading the wagons much shorter.
  • the wagons in the loading and unloading position a zigzag folded Arrangement.
  • the wagons are in the loading and Entladeposition at least approximately parallel to each other and at least approximately Aligned at right angles to the tracks. This requires regulated Drives, but shortens the length of the loading and unloading position Train and allows it, parallel wagons next to each other at the same time and from both ends to load and unload.
  • Another embodiment provides that one of an axle detector output signal is used to control the switch. alternative this can also be done by a car on the passing wagons, previously at a steady position waggonweise initialized control device output signal used to control the switch become. These two alternatives can also be combined. This link of two signals increases the safety, the correct switch circuit, can but with a deviation of the two signals from a certain Tolerance field, a warning signal delivered to the locomotive driver or the Train automatically stopped. After that, the correct value can be the effective position of the train corresponds to be entered manually.
  • driving each bogie regulated in response to signals from a control device are generated in response to signals from path measuring devices be generated, which covered by a certain bogie Measuring the way. It is advantageous when driving each in Direction of travel of the train following bogie of each wagon in dependence of Wegmesssignalen of on the opposite track pre-rolling bogie is calculated and regulated.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a railway train to Implementation of the procedure, consisting of wagons with two bogies and characterized in that each bogie with respect to the longitudinal axis of the wagon is rotatable on both sides by at least 90 ° and that in each case at least one axis of each bogie with a drive device Is provided.
  • the rotation allows the parallel alignment of the wagons and the drives prevent excessive forces after weeding to act on the wagons and the rails.
  • this contains a single control device for the control of all drive devices.
  • This can be the target position of each bogie in function of a Leitcardgescot, which is preferably located immediately behind the locomotive, calculate.
  • the railway train is on every wagon a control device for the control of the drive devices of the wagon concerned. This allows you to arrange the train as you like, because the drives of each car are arranged by the ones on it Control device to be controlled.
  • the drive devices Non-contact linear motors.
  • axis drives come without mechanical power transmission elements disengaged in traction operation would have to be, and in operation, no wear.
  • two are each Waggons miteinender connected by means of a bogie clutch.
  • This embodiment Although very simple, but does not allow long moves, because all the tensile and compressive forces that occur when driving through the pivot bearings the bogies must be transmitted.
  • each wagon has two drawbars which is centered to the axes of the bogies, at one with the Wagon bridge firmly connected part are articulated. This will be the Swivel bearing of the bogies of the tensile and compressive forces occurring during operation relieved.
  • the drawbar is advantageously stored so that they are in uncoupled state by its own weight one-sided lowers and adhere wedge-shaped narrowed side boundaries in the longitudinal direction of the bogie aligns.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a terminal for implementation of the method comprising a track crossing a switch in two Rail sections opens, which are arranged in a region parallel to each other are, and at least one loading platform parallel to one of the track sections is arranged.
  • At least one lifting device is present to those in the loading and unloading position To raise wagons to the level of loading platforms, the deflection is the wagons lifted under the effect of their load.
  • the at least one lifting device extends along a loading platform in an area which is a multiple of the Wagon width makes up. This makes it irrelevant where exactly the folded Train is stopped. It can be found in everyone in the area of the loading platform Position be driven from this.
  • the lifting device has hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders supported on a support, the is above the level of the track sections and lies on the piston rods a lifting beam (101) loose.
  • the cylinders have only a short stroke To run.
  • the lifting device comprises hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders supported on a support, which is below the level of the track sections and on their piston rods There is a lifting bar loose.
  • the cylinders can according to another embodiment with their Support be connected by means of a bayonet-type connection, making them can be quickly and easily removed and installed.
  • a track arrangement shown in FIGS. 1a and 2a makes possible a train composition according to the invention, when entering a terminal 14, a deflection of cars 8a to 8e and thus folding a whole Wagon composition 8a 'to 8e' in the coupled state.
  • the following is with the singular wagon 8 or 8 'any wagon from the wagon compositions 8a to 8e and 8a 'to 8e' and the plural waggons 8 and 8 'the Whole wagon composition 8a to 8e and 8a 'to 8e' referred.
  • the composition may consist of more than the five wagons shown here consist.
  • the switch 3 has the task of alternating the bogies of each wagon on a track 1 and a parallel track 2 to steer, which means that the switch points of the switch 3 between each two bogies 30 a wagon 8 make a switch circuit have to.
  • This circuit is done automatically with advantage.
  • each wagon control 10 when passing the switch 3 a signal emit a radio signal receiver 11 of a point controller 12.
  • the control pulse to a point switching element 13th be issued.
  • the comparison of two independent signals increases the Safety.
  • the control takes place the switch 4 according to the same procedure.
  • a wagon bridge 81 connects the two bogies that are now after the switch 3 on different tracks roll. These wagon bridges begin to turn in this section.
  • the tensile forces act in angles ⁇ , which do not have high lateral forces on the Exercise rails. From the measured speed differences of Bogies that are registered by the encoders 44 can be found in this Area immediately after the turnout the position of each bogie with respect to the initialization point 18, so the effectively covered Distance from the geometrical initialization point, specify more precisely than this in the contactless signal transmission when crossing the initialization point the case was.
  • the actual value of the preceding bogie, which corresponds to the distance traveled from the initialization point is in adjusted this phase.
  • the characteristic of the Speed difference can be determined, whether the leading bogie a wagon 8 on the straight or on the curved rail track rolls, what for the beginning of this phase phase of the drive of the trailing Bogies is important.
  • This phase while the trailing Bogies are driven after the wagon bridges are reversed The angle ⁇ of about 25 ° are swung out and takes up to the parallel Alignment of the wagon bridges, between loading platforms 5, 6 on and will continued even after loading and unloading, until the wagon bridges finally again at an angle ⁇ of about 25 ° with respect to the bogies have screwed in.
  • Any angle ⁇ between the bogie on the straight running rail track and the wagon platform corresponds to a position the bogies and are therefore the wagon control at any time known.
  • the angles can at best additionally by corresponding signal generator be measured. Also force measurements on the wagons and / or The rails could be used to monitor train folding and deployment become.
  • the train can of course also from the opposite direction, so on switch 4 enter the terminal. All described control elements along the tracks are preferably arranged in mirror image.
  • each wagon control 10 control of Achsantriebe is a control loop, in which the forward in the direction of travel
  • the driver of a wagon takes over the leading role and that, on the opposite tracks subsequent bogie a dependent, regulated Size represents.
  • the Actual position represents a count added by signals from the encoder of the each in the direction of travel front bogie is.
  • the desired position of the in the direction of travel subsequent bogie is one of the actual position and the track geometry dependent variable. Is, as shown in Fig.
  • FIG. 1 b and FIG. 2 b show a detailed view of the carriages 8 a 'to 8 e' in a loading or unloading position.
  • the distance w of the bogies of a wagon 8 'must match the distance d between tracks 1 and 2 be.
  • w must equal d.
  • the Waggons are, determined by geometric dimensions and ratios, which will be described later, among each other on the pitch Distance 2l.
  • At least one axle 38 of each bogie 30 is between two Flanged wheels 39 equipped with a drive, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 7 and 8 is apparent.
  • at least one axle 38 has each bogie 30 a rotary encoder 44, the contactless, optical or inductive, the rotation of Encoder disk 42 and thus the distance from, above the initialization point 18 initialization pulse measured.
  • the axle drives are only during the entrance or the exit of the train after the turnout 3 to before the switch 4 effective. They regulate the folding and unfolding process of the wagon composition. While driving, in traction by a locomotive 16, 16 ', the final drive should be completely decoupled. Mechanical coupling elements could take over the separation from the drive.
  • a linear motor 43 acts on one with the axis 38th firmly connected motor pulley 41, resulting in mechanical coupling elements unnecessary.
  • the suspension no shifts between the motor pulley 41 and the linear motors 43 result, these are not attached to the rotating frame 34, but sit on brackets 45, which in turn are each fixed to a axle bearing slide 36 of the driven axle 38.
  • the distance a influences a Rotary bearing 33 of the end faces 84 of the wagon 81 bridges the necessary Distance I between the pivot bearing 33 and the contact surface of a bogie clutch 32 and thus the distance 2l of two coupled together Wagons in the folded state.
  • the distance a is ideally equal to half Wagon width b.
  • bevelled corners 85 or curves on the Corners of the wagon bridges 81 the distance I additionally shortened become.
  • One at each bogie. opposite a drawbar 31 a attached Distance drawbar 31 b keeps the adjacent wagon at a distance, like from Fig. 1 b can be seen.
  • These distance dowels are for safety, because the wagon control prevents too close driving up the neighboring Wagons.
  • Fig. 5 and 6 is a shock absorbing portion 31e of the distance drawbar shown. If appropriate, the spacer tongue 31b can be dispensed with become.
  • Fig. 9 shows the bogie clutch 32 in partial section. This encompasses the drawbar 31a so that it is in a vertical plane within an angle ⁇ is freely movable. As shown in FIG. 5, the bogie clutch is 32 in a horizontal plane pivotable by an angle y, which is for cornering is necessary.
  • FIG. 12 shows a wagon 200 whose wagon bridge 81 a passes through two long bogie 30a is worn. These bogies provide enough Space for a larger sized pivot bearing 33. Under each bogie 30a two rotary frame 34 are mounted, in each of which a pair of axles 201 mounted is. This design allows the pivot bearing 33 larger radial forces and thus to transfer 200 train and compressive forces to the wagon. The pairs of axes 201 can rotate freely with their frames without being affected by the train and Compressive forces torques are transmitted to them. Since the wagon 200 up eight axles is supported, it can also absorb higher loads. moreover can the bogie 30a with manually operated clutch technology a conventional design 203 and buffers 204 be equipped.
  • the conventional Clutch technology has the advantage of being on bumps, as when maneuvering can occur, is little sensitive and that the wagons 200 slide over the buffers 204. Also the compatibility with other rail vehicles for example shunting locomotives with conventional coupling technology, is guaranteed.
  • FIG. 14a An embodiment in which the tensile and compressive forces do not exceed the Bearings of a bogie 30b are shown, Figs. 14a, 14b.
  • the Forces act directly on the wagon bridge 81 b.
  • a drawbar 211 is on that part of the pivot bearing spherically articulated, with the wagon bridge 81b is firmly connected.
  • a first embodiment as shown in Fig. 14a is this is a trunnion 33c.
  • FIG. 14b it is a bushing attachment 33d.
  • the drawbar 211 is approximately parallel to the rail body. In this Location is the necessary deflection in a horizontal plane by one enough guaranteed large angle ⁇ .
  • Fig. 15 shows the bogie 30b and the drawbar 211 without the Wagon bridge to which the drawbar is articulated spherically. uncoupled the drawbar lowers by its own weight to the coupling side 217, what the sections Fig. 16a and 16b, according to section line B-B of Fig. 15 illustrates.
  • a wedge-shaped drawbar section 212 is centered in the likewise wedge-shaped constricted support section 30c on the bogie 30b,
  • the drawbar 211 comes to lie in a defined position, which, for example, the use an automatic, not shown here and described in detail Coupling allowed.
  • the figures 17 to 19 show a first embodiment of a lifting device 100.
  • Fig. 17 is the standing at the end of the loading platform 5 and 6 respectively Wagon 8 with a wagon bridge raised to the level of the loading platform 81 can be seen.
  • Fig. 18 shows one movable on the front side of the loading platform arranged lifting beam 101 in the lowered state. This is the lifting beam on a support 102.
  • the piston rods 103 retracted in Figure 18 are.
  • the distance s from the axis 38 to the loading area of the loaded wagon bridges 81, is smaller than the distance s' in FIG. 19 by the spring travel s1, so that the wagon bridge 81 is lower than the distance s1 by a distance Platform edge 105.
  • Is the train composition in loading and unloading position 7 ' As can be seen in FIGS. 1a and 1b, the lifting bars 101 become on both wagon end sides raised.
  • Hemispherical piston rod ends 103a are based in rounded recesses 110 of the lifting beam 101 off.
  • the lifting beam 101 in turn slides along a sliding plate 109 the front of the loading platform upwards.
  • Fig. 19 shows the wagon bridge 81 in the raised state.
  • the Lifting beam 101 supports the wagon bridge 81 on its underside 83.
  • the suspension of the Waggons is now completely relieved and the wagon bridge is the axis on the Distance s'.
  • several sections can be used individually be raised and lowered lifting beam 101 may be arranged. This embodiment characterized by a simple design and short stroke out.
  • the lifting bars 101 are held by no fastening means but only placed on the supports 102.
  • Supply lines 111 of the hydraulic cylinder 104 are above a channel 107, which also catch any leak oil can.
  • Fig. 20 shows a section through the hydraulic cylinder 104. This is, as shown in Figures 21 a and 21 b, for maintenance and repair purposes simply lift and turn with the joist beam 101 on top to disassemble.
  • the bayonet connection 115 consists of cam 112 the store in bags 113. By lifting and turning the cylinders can be along the grooves 114 from its anchoring in the support 102 remove.
  • the locomotive contour 108 usually loads wider than that of the waggons 8, which is a corresponding distance c from the track center axis to the lifting device 100 required. That leads to one unfavorable ratio a to b, as shown in Figures 3, 4a and 4b. So that the front side 84 of the wagon bridge 81 extends far enough, must a greater than b / 2 are selected, which the disadvantages described with it draws.
  • a lifting device 120 of a second embodiment which can be lowered down to the rail body and so at the entrance of the Train composition, as visible in Fig. 23, in particular that of the locomotive 16, 16 'claimed space releases.
  • the locomotive contour 108 is above a lowered lifting device 120.
  • This consists of a row individually Lifting and lowering lifting elements 121. Each of these lifting elements is in one Slot 122 is inserted.
  • a maintenance gallery 123 allows access to the hydraulic cylinders 124, which in the lowered state of the lifting elements 121 can be easily exchanged for maintenance and repair purposes, by being lifted from their supports 129.
  • a guide rail 126 is seated in the Center of the lifting element 121.
  • On both sides are the hydraulic cylinders 124 with the piston rods 125th
  • Fig. 24 shows the wagon bridge 81 in the raised state.
  • the Lifting device 121 supports with the crossbar 121a the wagon bridge 81 on its underside 83. Sideways, the wagon bridge 81 by bevels 82 of a likewise beveled side boundary of the lifting element 121 centered, wherein the uppermost surface of the lifting element 121, the gap between the platform edge 105 and the face 84 of the wagon bridge 81 closes.
  • the suspension of the wagon is now completely relieved and the wagon bridge stands to the axis at the distance s'.
  • Supply lines 128 of the Hydraulic cylinder 124 pass through the service gallery 123, which also possible Leakage can catch.
  • This embodiment of a lifting device 120 allows due to the lowable lifting elements 121 an optimal ratio a to b.
  • the mass a corresponds, as shown in FIG. 6, approximately b / 2.
  • the angle ⁇ is kept smaller than about 60 °, it is sufficient Entry into and exit from a terminal an unregulated drive the Bogies.
  • the motors in this case have a constant torque the drive axles 38, so that they with a uniform force in Direction be pushed.
  • Fig. 26 are the wagon bridges 81 with respect to the tracks. 1 and 2 at an angle ⁇ of 45 °. Since now by means of a lifting device 230 for Loading and unloading a triangular gap must be closed, which through the end faces 84 of the wagon bridges 81 and the platform edge 105 is formed, is an accurate positioning of the wagon composition along the loading platforms 5, 6 unavoidable. That means the locomotive 16 " must stop at a certain point.
  • the lifting device 230 is located, As Fig. 27a shows, for now under a deck slab 232. Are the wagons 8 "in the loading position, hydraulic cylinders 231, as can be seen from FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
EP04405041A 2004-01-21 2004-01-21 Méthode pour le chargement et déchargement d'un wagon ferroviaire, ainsi qu'un wagon et un terminal pour la mise en oeuvre de celle-ci Withdrawn EP1557336A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04405041A EP1557336A1 (fr) 2004-01-21 2004-01-21 Méthode pour le chargement et déchargement d'un wagon ferroviaire, ainsi qu'un wagon et un terminal pour la mise en oeuvre de celle-ci

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EP04405041A EP1557336A1 (fr) 2004-01-21 2004-01-21 Méthode pour le chargement et déchargement d'un wagon ferroviaire, ainsi qu'un wagon et un terminal pour la mise en oeuvre de celle-ci

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107640229A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-01-30 西安航空学院 一种自动快递发放车厢
CN109703573A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-05-03 单文灏 自驾游汽车智能铁路运输方案
CN115323841A (zh) * 2022-10-10 2022-11-11 成都西交华创科技有限公司 一种基于高温超导磁悬浮交通系统的道岔及其转向方法
DE102022128184A1 (de) 2022-10-25 2024-04-25 K & K Maschinenentwicklungs Gmbh & Co. Kg System zum gleisgebundenen Transport von Gegenständen

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920580A (en) * 1958-01-07 1960-01-12 Williams Byron Loading semi-trailers on railway cars
US3139839A (en) * 1962-12-11 1964-07-07 United States Steel Corp Transfer apparatus system
DE4213947A1 (de) * 1992-04-29 1993-11-11 Juergen Stange Eisenbahnwagen
EP0672566A1 (fr) * 1994-03-16 1995-09-20 Sébastien Lange Procédé et système de chargement et déchargement de wagons pour le transport de véhicules routiers et wagons adaptés

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920580A (en) * 1958-01-07 1960-01-12 Williams Byron Loading semi-trailers on railway cars
US3139839A (en) * 1962-12-11 1964-07-07 United States Steel Corp Transfer apparatus system
DE4213947A1 (de) * 1992-04-29 1993-11-11 Juergen Stange Eisenbahnwagen
EP0672566A1 (fr) * 1994-03-16 1995-09-20 Sébastien Lange Procédé et système de chargement et déchargement de wagons pour le transport de véhicules routiers et wagons adaptés

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107640229A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-01-30 西安航空学院 一种自动快递发放车厢
CN109703573A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-05-03 单文灏 自驾游汽车智能铁路运输方案
CN115323841A (zh) * 2022-10-10 2022-11-11 成都西交华创科技有限公司 一种基于高温超导磁悬浮交通系统的道岔及其转向方法
DE102022128184A1 (de) 2022-10-25 2024-04-25 K & K Maschinenentwicklungs Gmbh & Co. Kg System zum gleisgebundenen Transport von Gegenständen

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