EP1462566A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlung von Faserstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlung von Faserstoffen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1462566A2 EP1462566A2 EP04006320A EP04006320A EP1462566A2 EP 1462566 A2 EP1462566 A2 EP 1462566A2 EP 04006320 A EP04006320 A EP 04006320A EP 04006320 A EP04006320 A EP 04006320A EP 1462566 A2 EP1462566 A2 EP 1462566A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- grooves
- rollers
- roller
- speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/02—Methods of beating; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/18—Beaters with two or more beater rolls
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for grinding fibrous materials between two grinding surfaces and a device for performing of the procedure.
- cone refiner Another significant disadvantage e.g. the cone refiner is the bad one Pump effect, as the centrifugal force does not act in the direction of the material flow. This results in throughput problems and, subsequently, the necessity enlarge the grooves, which reduces the edge length.
- a cylinder refiner avoids many of these disadvantages but with an ordinary cylinder refiner, similar to the Cone refiner throughput problems to be expected. This can be done by using of a feed with integrated pressure build-up can be avoided.
- the surface roughening and bruising of the fiber material requires these high differential speeds simultaneous pressing of the fiber.
- the majority of the brought in Energy is lost in frictional heat. According to literature sources only about 3 to 10% of the energy used for fiber treatment.
- the present invention is intended to reduce or avoid the above disadvantages.
- the differential speed the grinding surfaces are in the range of - 5 m / s and +12 m / s, whereby advantageous the differential speed is almost zero.
- This allows a great economic advantage by reducing the idle power by achieve up to 90%.
- the low differential speed also allows a targeted application of pressure forces on the single fiber or Fiber composite whereby crushed grinding is achieved.
- the big ones technological advantages of crushed grinding were already included the use of the first ramming machines, but never could be integrated industrially in continuous process stages.
- An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that that the pulp is fed to the grinding in the form of a pulp web becomes.
- This has the advantage that very high capacities in one uniform process step already at the end of the pulp manufacturing process on the one hand, inexpensive and technologically targeted pre-grinding can be. This allows for further processing of the Fiber in conventional stock preparation systems a clear Reduction of the necessary grinding effort. Extensions of the grinding plants or improvements to achieve the grinding systems higher strengths can be eliminated.
- a favorable embodiment of the invention is characterized in that that the pulp is evenly distributed over the grinding zone.
- the size created surface paired with a great uniformity of Fiber distribution in both cross and longitudinal and Z direction leads to a high fiber hit probability with the advantage of a uniform Fiber treatment using the strength potential if possible many single fibers, i.e. the overall strength level can are used to a particularly large extent.
- the fibrous material fed directly from a thickening machine to the grinding machine is fed directly from a thickening machine to the grinding machine.
- the technical and economic advantages are similar to those already mentioned.
- the investment is due to the elimination of large laid paper, pipes, pumps, measurement and control technology is reduced and therefore the process can be made simpler.
- the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the Process. It is characterized in that rollers are used as grinding media are provided. The advantage is continuous operation.
- rollers are driven at the same speed will / have the same speed.
- the advantage is one very little effort for friction force with intensive application of adjustable press forces.
- the low frictional force triggered by the almost nonexistent relative speed reduces the energy requirement for rail transport and crushing to almost zero.
- pairs of rollers are included wide grinding gap provided, the roller (s) for generating the wide grinding gap, a shoe support or a beam support can have. Due to the wide grinding gap design the forces on the one hand gentle intervention with simultaneous Extension of the dwell time.
- a favorable embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the rollers have spikes. The Spikes increase the "clothing surface" and enable a better one Penetration and treatment of the fiber material.
- rollers have grooves or grooves, the grooves or Grooves run in the circumferential direction or at an angle to the roller axis can.
- the increase of the roller surface by means of scoring, grooving etc. brings the advantage that the number of reached and thus treated individual fibers is enlarged.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that that the grooves or grooves interlock. Is due to the design interlocking possible - positive locking - there is no Differential speed. The total energy expenditure is reduced or implemented in a kind of press grinding. This leads to a maximum Use of raw materials with regard to the development of strength with the least possible Increase in drainage resistance.
- the grooves or grooves are trapezoidal
- the bottom of the grooves or grooves can have drainage depressions. Residual water - for example with low inlet material densities - escapes into the wells and can be sucked out or spun out of these wells. This has the advantage that higher solid concentrations occur in the grinding zone. Depending on the process control, a necessary process step can be omitted or higher final dry contents can be achieved. This means that the energy required for a subsequent thickening stage or thermal drying can be reduced.
- a favorable embodiment of the invention is characterized in that that the rollers have a drive.
- the material is fed by means of its own web guide up to just before the grinding zone, whereby there is no need for pre-assemblies.
- the advantage lies in a reduction of investment costs and space requirements.
- this at least one Roll encloses or guided over deflection rollers and at least one Roller can be pressed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a variant of the invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a further variant of the invention
- FIG. 4 2 shows a schematic side view of a next variant of the invention
- 5 shows an embodiment of the invention
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show further variants represent the invention.
- Extended Retention Refinings are used, whereby the Exposure time / meal can be increased many times.
- One or more rollers can be used to increase the grinding effect (Nips) can be arranged in series. This illustrated Instructions apply to both low and high consistency grinding.
- a large grinding gap is suitable for producing Roller diameters, any kind of shoe or beam support.
- Several of these wide nips can be produced in series and at short intervals consequences.
- These rollers can also improve and increase the Grinding uniformity is a flexible, pneumatic, hydraulic bearing Use substructure.
- the carrying shoe can be guided with support bodies that are used to support lubrication openings such as Bores, sintered metals used for the passage of the lubricant (Water, air, oil, etc.).
- the design of the roller surface This can be smooth on one or two sides, with spikes or with wave-like grooves are provided. These grooves, gullies can be in the circumferential direction (see Fig.) or at an angle to across run to the roll axis direction.
- the rollers have circumferential grooves that interlock.
- the depths of the Scoring is based on the type of fiber, the web fleece thickness and the Solids content selected.
- Trapezoidal depressions are also advantageous a groove depth of 1 to 25 mm.
- the groove bottom can be used with drainage depressions - e.g. additional holes for water drainage similar a suction roll principle in a press section of a paper machine be provided.
- the grooves can be milled, ground, etched into the roller body, eroded or raised.
- rollers with smaller diameters are used instead of a second pressure roller.
- a rotating wire, Rubber etc. braid enclose the roller body and by means of additional pressure for a long-term crushing.
- additional pressure for maximum fiber crush due to the low contact pressure mainly rollers with smaller diameters are used.
- roller circumferential speed - or a possibly set one Differential speed - also depends on the Roll surface.
- Rollers, the grooves and elevations in turn out to be of great advantage have a regular circumferential distance, similar to that Corrugated rollers in shaft production.
- roller axis helical teeth: They can be interrupted in the circumferential direction be what a short term especially at low substance concentrations and allows easy drainage. This favors the grinding.
- the flank design of the grooves can in turn be small so-called Show signatures.
- the grinding treatment is based on an intensive crushing, are also suitable grinding media basic structures similar to a perforated roller.
- a surface structure provided with holes there is an additional one Drainage process during the grinding process.
- the holes can be carried out as blind bores, among other things.
- the surfaces themselves are made from very hard material to get long downtimes.
- the grinding elements on the roller body can be attached in segments will be or also individual and insertable elements that be made from high quality steel or ceramic.
- steel alloys will become like at present Refiners used, are suitable. All materials can also be surface-alloyed become.
- Pressure rollers can be used in combination.
- the capacity of these grinders is a function of the working width and the mass per unit area of the preceding distributor.
- the Working widths of the grinding machines can be easily specified Adjust production by changing the material distribution width.
- the untreated web introduced into the grinding gap has a weight of 100 to 1500 g / m 2 in most cases. This applies to LC (low consistency) as well as MC (middle consistency) and HC (high consistency) grinding.
- the mass per unit area can be adapted to the respective raw material.
- the material is fed to the Grinding zone by means of its own path guidance, which runs until immediately before the grinding zone is sufficient.
- the goal is an even distribution of the regrind to get into the grinding zone.
- the fabric is not thickened, but could be brought to a higher consistency, especially only evenly distributed over the grinding zone.
- the range of consistency can vary very widely (advantageously 25% to 65% dry content - limitation only through mechanical drainage), and is essentially from the raw material, the area-related Mass of the fiber web and its pretreatment dependent. Hardwood, Recycled grades require a higher consistency than softwood - Fibers.
- roller surfaces are similar to those in the case of low consistency grinding embossed, corrugated, spiked, can be a groove - Corrugated profile - similar to corrugated cardboard corrugation, etc.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a device according to the invention.
- the grinder 1 here consists of a roller 2 and a roller 3, which means Motor 4 and 5 are driven.
- the drive is preferably carried out with same speed, so that the regrind, here in the form of a track 6, only press but not subjected to shear forces.
- FIG. 2 shows a variant of the invention in a side view.
- the Rolls 2 and 3 of the grinding plant 1 are shown here with spikes However, corresponding grooves or grooves can also be provided his. Both rollers are pressed against each other.
- the unground Fibrous material is used by means of suitable belts 8 and 9 immediately before Grinding gap 7 introduced between the rollers 2 and 3 and evenly distributed over the grinding zone.
- FIG. 3 shows a plant analogous to FIG. 2. However, there are two grinding devices here 1, 1 'with grinding rollers 2, 3 or 2', 3 'arranged one behind the other.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment with a so-called central grinding roller 10, which has to absorb the forces of the other two rollers 11, 12.
- the advantage of such an arrangement is a compact design. at This configuration allows all rollers to have the same surface speed operate. Depending on the quality requirements of the The two outer rollers can be finished, however, different Press pressures, surface equipment and / or various, adjustable Have relative speeds.
- Fig. 5 shows a variant of the invention, in which a moving wire, Rubber or the like -braid 13 encloses the roller 2. This allows a long-term crushing of the fiber can be achieved.
- the wrap ⁇ of the roller 2 can be from 0 ° (point pressure) to approx. 350 °.
- Fig. 7 shows a moving wire, rubber or the like.
- -braid 13 ' which is guided over deflection rollers 14, 14' and against several rollers 2, 2 ', 2 ", 2"' is pressed.
- the pressure is applied on the one hand between the deflection rollers 14, 14 'and the end rollers 2, 2 “' and with the help of a support body 15 against the rollers 2 ', 2 ".
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann der Boden der Riefen oder Rillen Entwässerungsvertiefungen aufweisen. Restwasser - z.B. bei niedrigen Einlaufstoffdichten - entweicht in die Vertiefungen und kann aus diesen Vertiefungen abgesaugt oder geschleudert werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass in der Mahlzone höhere Feststoffkonzentrationen auftreten. Je nach Prozessführung kann eine notwendige Prozessstufe entfallen, oder höhere Endtrockengehalte erzielt werden. Damit kann der Energiebedarf für eine nachfolgende Eindickungsstufe oder thermische Trocknung reduziert werden.
Claims (26)
- Verfahren zur Mahlung von Faserstoffen zwischen zwei Mahloberflächen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Differenzgeschwindigkeit der Mahloberflächen im Bereich von -5 m/s und +12 m/s liegt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Differenzgeschwindigkeit nahezu Null ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Faserstoff in Form einer Bahn der Mahlung zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei oder mehrere Mahlungen hintereinander durchgeführt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Faserstoff gleichmäßig über die Mahlzone verteilt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Faserstoff direkt aus einer Eindickmaschine der Mahlmaschine zugeführt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Mahlung von Faserstoffen zwischen zwei Mahloberflächen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Mahlkörper Walzen (2,3,2',3',10,11,12) vorgesehen sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walzen (2,3,2',3') mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit angetrieben werden.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walzen (2,3,2',3',10,11,12) mit gleicher Oberflächengeschwindigkeit betrieben werden.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walzen (2,3,2',3',10,11,12) mit gleicher Oberflächengeschwindigkeit betrieben werden jedoch unterschiedliche Drehzahlen aufweisen
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Walzenpaare (2,3 bzw. 2',3') mit breitem Mahlspalt vorgesehen sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walze(n) zur Erzeugung des breiten Mahlspaltes eine Schuhunterstützung aufweist bzw. aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walze(n) zur Erzeugung des breiten Mahlspaltes eine Balkenunterstützung aufweist bzw. aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walzen (2,3,2',3',10,11,12) Stachel aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walzen (2,3,2',3',10,11,12) Riefen oder Rillen aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Riefen oder Rillen in Umfangsrichtung verlaufen.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Riefen oder Rillen in einem Winkel zur Walzenachse verlaufen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Riefen oder Rillen ineinander greifen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Riefen oder Rillen trapezartig ausgeführt sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Boden der Riefen oder Rillen Entwässerungsvertiefungen aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Walzenoberfläche eine festgelegte Rauhigkeit aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoffzuführung mittels einer eigenen Bahnführung (8, 9) bis unmittelbar vor die Mahlzone (7) erfolgt.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Faserstoff direkt aus einer Eindickmaschine der Mahlmaschine zugeführt wird.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein mitlaufendes Draht-, Gummi- odgl. -geflecht (13, 13') vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mitlaufende Draht-, Gummi- odgl. -geflecht (13, 13') zumindest eine Walze (2) umschließt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mitlaufende Draht-, Gummi- odgl. -geflecht (13, 13') über Umlenkwalzen (14, 14') geführt und an zumindest eine Walze (2, 2', 2", 2"') angepreßt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0047703A AT412483B (de) | 2003-03-26 | 2003-03-26 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur mahlung von faserstoffen |
AT4772003 | 2003-03-26 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1462566A2 true EP1462566A2 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
EP1462566A3 EP1462566A3 (de) | 2004-10-13 |
EP1462566B1 EP1462566B1 (de) | 2011-01-12 |
Family
ID=32777539
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04006320A Expired - Lifetime EP1462566B1 (de) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-17 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlung von Faserstoffen |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040251338A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1462566B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN100591844C (de) |
AT (1) | AT412483B (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0400779A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2460252C (de) |
DE (1) | DE502004012102D1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO331561B1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2278065A1 (de) | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-26 | Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek | Zellstoffrefiner und Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von faserigem Zellstoffmaterial |
CN113713904A (zh) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-30 | 湖南尔旭环保科技有限公司 | 一种用于水性涂料加工的干粉砂浆研磨装置 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2020204874A1 (en) * | 2019-01-05 | 2021-07-29 | Comre IP Pty Ltd | Apparatus, system and method for comminution |
CN111841738B (zh) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-07-08 | 内蒙古九鹏建设有限公司 | 建筑垃圾处理装置 |
CN113546741B (zh) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-09-16 | 北京养心堂化妆品有限公司 | 一种用于化妆品的植物精油提取设备 |
CN114192227A (zh) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-18 | 湖南博邦农林科技股份有限公司 | 一种茶油深加工的临界萃取工艺方法及其设备 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE443537C (de) | 1924-01-25 | 1927-04-30 | Ulrich Kirchner | Hollaender-Mahlgeschirr fuer Papierstoff |
FR773591A (fr) | 1933-06-09 | 1934-11-21 | Neyret Beylier Atel | Procédé pour le broyage, le raffinage et l'hydratation des fibres |
DE1006250B (de) | 1954-06-16 | 1957-04-11 | Ernst Unger | Mahlvorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Papierfaserstoffen |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2509147A (en) * | 1946-02-15 | 1950-05-23 | Perkins & Son Inc B F | Apparatus for and method of conditioning textile fibers |
US2890493A (en) * | 1953-11-25 | 1959-06-16 | Fibrofelt Corp | Method and means for defibering materials |
US3310244A (en) * | 1965-03-18 | 1967-03-21 | Abington Textile Mach Works | Load cell for crushing rolls |
US3454970A (en) * | 1965-09-22 | 1969-07-15 | Lionel M Sutherland | Apparatus and process for washing a pulp web |
DE3132210A1 (de) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-03-03 | Draiswerke Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | "walzwerk zum zerkleinern von fluessigen stoffen" |
FI73472C (fi) * | 1984-04-03 | 1991-01-01 | Kevytrakenne Oy | Karda. |
US4826555A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1989-05-02 | Miply Equipment, Inc. | Method and apparatus for compressing a self-supported web |
US4953795A (en) * | 1988-10-24 | 1990-09-04 | Beloit Corporation | Wood chip cracking apparatus |
JPH0779968B2 (ja) * | 1992-04-17 | 1995-08-30 | 巴工業株式会社 | 植物繊維質原料の微粉末化方法及びその方法に使用する加圧ロール装置 |
FI942616A (fi) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-12-04 | Valmet Corp | Paperirainan esipuristin |
US5475903A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1995-12-19 | American Nonwovens Corporation | Composite nonwoven fabric and method |
DE19631638A1 (de) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-02-12 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Pressenanordnung |
DE19652545B4 (de) * | 1996-12-17 | 2006-03-23 | Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh | Preßwalze zum Behandeln bahnförmigen Gutes |
AT404946B (de) * | 1997-07-01 | 1999-03-25 | Andritz Patentverwaltung | Vorrichtung zur entwässerung von feststoff-flüssigkeitssuspensionen, insbesondere faserstoffsuspensionen |
FI20010721A (fi) * | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-07 | Metso Paper Inc | Puristintelan hihna ja puristinkonsepti |
-
2003
- 2003-03-26 AT AT0047703A patent/AT412483B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-03-08 CA CA2460252A patent/CA2460252C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-16 NO NO20041083A patent/NO331561B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-17 EP EP04006320A patent/EP1462566B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-17 DE DE502004012102T patent/DE502004012102D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-24 US US10/807,843 patent/US20040251338A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-25 BR BR0400779-4A patent/BRPI0400779A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-03-25 CN CN200410031745A patent/CN100591844C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE443537C (de) | 1924-01-25 | 1927-04-30 | Ulrich Kirchner | Hollaender-Mahlgeschirr fuer Papierstoff |
FR773591A (fr) | 1933-06-09 | 1934-11-21 | Neyret Beylier Atel | Procédé pour le broyage, le raffinage et l'hydratation des fibres |
DE1006250B (de) | 1954-06-16 | 1957-04-11 | Ernst Unger | Mahlvorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Papierfaserstoffen |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2278065A1 (de) | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-26 | Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek | Zellstoffrefiner und Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von faserigem Zellstoffmaterial |
CN113713904A (zh) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-30 | 湖南尔旭环保科技有限公司 | 一种用于水性涂料加工的干粉砂浆研磨装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2460252C (en) | 2012-01-03 |
EP1462566A3 (de) | 2004-10-13 |
CA2460252A1 (en) | 2004-09-26 |
BRPI0400779A (pt) | 2005-01-11 |
CN100591844C (zh) | 2010-02-24 |
US20040251338A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
ATA4772003A (de) | 2004-08-15 |
NO331561B1 (no) | 2012-01-23 |
EP1462566B1 (de) | 2011-01-12 |
DE502004012102D1 (de) | 2011-02-24 |
NO20041083L (no) | 2004-09-27 |
CN1534135A (zh) | 2004-10-06 |
AT412483B (de) | 2005-03-25 |
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