EP1427875A1 - Procede de fabrication d'un fil continu et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'un fil continu et dispositif correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP1427875A1
EP1427875A1 EP02740190A EP02740190A EP1427875A1 EP 1427875 A1 EP1427875 A1 EP 1427875A1 EP 02740190 A EP02740190 A EP 02740190A EP 02740190 A EP02740190 A EP 02740190A EP 1427875 A1 EP1427875 A1 EP 1427875A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
different
yarn
materials
spinnerets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02740190A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arthur Rebsamen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Publication of EP1427875A1 publication Critical patent/EP1427875A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, a device and a yarn according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • Another object of the present invention is to expand the field of use of existing yarn production plants. For example, depending on the order backlog, it may be expedient to produce filament games from three or only two components in one system. There is also the task in the production of yarns, the individual fibers of which are composed of several components, to control the material flows in a large number of spinnerets immediately before the formation of a filament or filaments, so that the partial components are as precise as possible, so that the filament cross-section has the desired Adheres to the shape as precisely as possible.
  • the dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the method, the spinning device in question and the product (s).
  • a method for producing a filament yarn or a filament for a filament yarn by means of a spinning device is proposed, wherein at least two different liquefied components or materials are fed through several capillaries to a spinning capillary or spinneret, and at least two liquefied components or materials made from at least one a first and a second source are supplied to a distribution system with openings, and further to a nozzle system.
  • n Of the material flows from material sources of a number n, which are fed to a melt plate or the distribution system, at least two flows, which are preferably fed in a first and a third zone, are passed through in at least one breakthrough, or a part of the breakthroughs summarized the melt plate, these breakthroughs communicating, so that at the outlet from the distribution system, or at the entry into a subsequent perforated plate and / or a nozzle plate, generally called a nozzle system, there are only material flows of a smaller number than n, which flows in the nozzle system refer to one Larger number of holes or spinnerets, where the number of material flows is n - x, with n> 3 and 1 ⁇ x ⁇ n-1 and integer values of x and n.
  • the distribution system essentially has a first main breakthrough or communicating main breakthroughs and a second main breakthrough or communicating second main breakthroughs, to collect the material flows from a first and a second source in the first main breakthrough on the one hand and to accommodate another material in the second main breakthrough on the other hand.
  • Materials from a first and a second source can also be passed into a first main opening or communicating main openings, and further materials from a third and for example a fourth source can be fed to a second main opening and one or more further main openings, so that only combine the material flows from the first and second sources in a first major breakthrough.
  • Such a concept has the advantage that mass distributions of different sizes in the end product, that is to say the filament yarn or the individual fibrils, can be realized by the same size delivery components of the material, that is to say extruders, spinning pumps, spinning pots.
  • delivery components of the core material or sheath material of different sizes do not have to be provided, but several similar components are used for the delivery of the material that is compared to another material is consumed to a greater extent during the spinning process.
  • At least two material flows are combined in a single flow upstream of the actual distribution system, so that instead of originally n flows from n sources, nx flows result at the entry into the distribution system, with n> 3 and 1 ⁇ x ⁇ n-1 and integer values of x and n.
  • a method for producing a filament yarn or a fibril for a filament yarn wherein at least two liquefied components or materials are fed to a spinning capillary or spinneret through several capillaries, and the at least two liquefied components are fed to the spinning capillary through several capillaries and a group of inner capillaries serve to form a coherent filament core and a further material in the outer capillaries encases the filament core.
  • the material flows in the first capillaries connect in the center in such a way that the flows of a first material combine to form a coherent core consisting of a filament core and at least one filament wing connected to it.
  • Another material in additional capillaries in the vicinity of the first capillaries is fed in such a way that the additional material lies against the core and at least partially surrounds it.
  • 1c shows a diagram of the material flows from the sources to the spinning capillaries in the spinnerets
  • 1d shows a diagram of a further material feed
  • FIG. 1e a modification of the embodiment, as indicated in Fig. 1c
  • FIG. 1a Fig. Ig a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 1a
  • FIG. 1h shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 1b
  • FIG. 2a shows a section through a component from FIG. 2nd
  • Fig. 2c is a view according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 3a shows a section through a component according to FIG. 3rd
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a filament yarn which can be produced with a component according to Fig. 2b.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a filament yarn 10 or a fibril for a filament yarn by means of a spinning device, wherein at least two liquefied components or materials 10a, b are fed to a spinning capillary 32 through a plurality of capillaries 25a, 25c, characterized in that the at least two liquefied components or materials 10a, b are fed to the spinning capillary 32 through a plurality of capillaries 25 a, 25 c, a group of inner ones Capillaries 25a serve to form a coherent filament core, and a further material 10b encases the filament core 10'a, 10 "a.
  • the material flows 10a can be guided in the first capillaries 25a in the center of a spinning unit in such a way that the flows of a first material 10a combine to form a coherent core consisting of a filament core 10'a and at least one filament wing 10 "a connected to it , wherein a further material 10b is guided into further capillaries 25c in the vicinity of the first capillaries 25a in such a way that the further material 10b lies against the core and at least partially surrounds it.
  • the components can consist of at least a first material 10 a and a second material 10 b, the materials in liquefied form emerging from the capillaries 25 a, 25 c being guided in parallel through a pilot hole 31 a and then together through the spinning capillary 32 to be pressed and to form a fibril or yarn 10.
  • a component 10a for the core of filament yarn 10 is fed through a central capillary 25a and further peripheral capillaries 25a arranged at a regular distance therefrom, and a further component 10b is fed through jacket capillaries 25c which are further removed from the central capillary lie between the peripheral core capillaries.
  • the first material 10 a is fed from an extruder through central core bores 21 a, b, and the second material is fed through peripheral jacket bores 21 c of the spinning device.
  • the components 10a, 10b are fed through a distributor plate or melt plate 1, the first material 10a being divided into material flows in a first zone 11a and a third zone 11c and the second material 10b in a second zone 11d, wherein the material flows enter through slots on the inlet side of the melt plate 1 and pass through the second slots 12 c communicating with them on the underside of the melt plate into the capillaries 25 a and 25 c.
  • the invention also relates to a device for producing one or more fibrils or filament yarns 10, first capillaries 25 a being arranged in the center of a spinning unit for guiding streams of a first material 10 a, and further capillaries 25 c for at least one further material 10 b are arranged in the vicinity of the first capillaries 25 a, and all capillaries communicate with a spinning capillary 32, characterized in that the first capillaries 25 a are arranged in the center of a spinning unit in such a way that the streams of a first material 10 a form a coherent one Combine core consisting of a filament core 10'a and at least one filament wing 10 "a connected to it, and that further capillaries 25 c for another material 10b are arranged in the vicinity of the first capillaries 25 a in such a way that the further material 10b adheres to one another creates the core and at least partially encloses it.
  • the invention encompasses a method for producing a filament yarn 10, or a fibril for a filament yarn, by means of a spinning device, wherein at least two different liquefied components or materials 10 a, 10 b, which originate from at least a first and a second source 14-16 / 14'-16 ', a distribution system with openings 12 a, b, c, 13, 13', in particular a melt plate 1, are fed, and further a system of bores and nozzles 2, 3 are fed, in particular through several capillaries 25 a, 25 c are fed to a number of spinning capillaries 32, characterized in that at least two streams 10 a are combined from the material streams from n sources 14-16 / 14'-16 ', which are fed to a distribution system 1 or a melt plate are, so that at the entrance to a nozzle system 2/3, there are only nx different material flows 10 a, 10 b, which are in the nozzle nsystem 2/3 can be distributed over a larger number of
  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a filament yarn 10 or a fibril for a filament yarn by means of a spinning device, wherein at least two different liquefied components or materials 10 a, 10 b through several capillaries of a spinning capillary 25 a, 25 c or spinneret 32 are fed, and wherein at least two liquefied components or materials 10 a, 10 b from at least a first and a second source 14-16, 14'-16 'are fed to a distribution system with openings, and further one Nozzle system 3, characterized in that of the material flows 10 a, 10 b from n sources 14-16 / 14'-16 ', which are fed to a distribution system, at least two flows are combined, and at least one opening 12 a, 13 or system of breakthroughs are supplied, while at least one further material stream 10 b from a further source 14 "-16" is fed separately to the distribution system 1, so that n material flows 10 a, 10 b from n sources 14
  • liquefied components or materials 10 a, 10 b which come from at least a first and a second source 14-16 / 14'-16 ", a distribution system with openings 12 a, b, c, 13, 13 ', in particular a melt plate 1, and further fed to a system of bores and nozzles 2, 3, in particular by a plurality of capillaries 25 a, 25 c a number of spinning capillaries 32, characterized in that 14-16 of the material flows from n sources / 14'-16 ', which are fed to the melt plate or the distribution system 1, at least two streams 10 a, which are preferably fed in a first zone 11 a and a third zone 11 c, in at least one breakthrough or in one part of the openings 12 a, 12 c, 13 are summarized, so that in general at the outlet from the distribution system 1, or at the inlet into a subsequent perforated plate 2 and / or a nozzle plate 3 n called nozzle system 2/3, there are only nx
  • a first material 10 a is fed from a first 14-16 and a second source 14'-16 'and a further material 10 b from a third source 14 "-16", and the distribution system 1 essentially has a first main opening 12 a , 13 - or communicating main openings 12 a, 13, 12 b and a second main opening 12 c, 13 ', for jointly receiving the material flows from the first and second sources in the first main opening 12 a, 13 and for receiving the material 10 b in the second main opening 12 c, 13 '.
  • Materials 10 a from a first and a second source 14-16, 14'-16 ' are passed into a first main opening 12 a, 13 or communicating main openings 12 a, 13, 12 b, and further materials from a third and a fourth Source 14 "-16", 14 "'- 16"' are fed to a second main opening 12 c, 13 'and a third main opening 12' c, 13 ", so that only the material flows 10 a from the first and second sources in a first major breakthrough 12 a, 13 combine.
  • the invention also relates to an associated device for producing a filament yarn 10 or a fibril for a filament yarn by means of a spinning device, at least two different liquefied components or materials 10 a, 10 b being able to be fed to a spinning capillary 32 through a plurality of capillaries 25 a, 25 b, and wherein a distribution system 1 for melt streams of materials 10 a, 10 b is preceded by at least a first and a second source 14-16 / 14'-16 'and in the distribution system 1 openings 12 a, 12 b, 12 c, 13, 13' are arranged, which communicate with a nozzle system 3 for spinning filaments, characterized in that a number of n sources 14-16, 14 '- 16' are connected to the distribution system 1 such that at least two of the sources 14-16, 14 '-16' communicate with a first system of main breakthroughs 12 a, 13, 12 b, so that the material flows of both sources mentioned mix in the system, and there ss at least one further source 14
  • the distribution system 1 essentially has a first system of main openings 12 a, 13, 12 b communicating with one another, and a further system of main openings 12 c, 13 'not communicating with the first system.
  • the distribution system 1 is a flange or spinning pot 16 and this a spinning pump 15 and again this an extruder 14 upstream, with at least two extruders 14, 14 'and downstream, mentioned components 15, 15', 16, 16 'in one common main opening 13, or communicating partial openings 12 a, 12 b open.
  • one or more slots or openings 12 a, 12 b are assigned to one or more spin pots 16, 16 ', which openings open into an elongated slot 13, and a further system of slots 12 c is present on the inlet side of the distribution system 1 , which opens into another long slot 13 '.
  • the spinnerets 32 have 2-arm or multi-arm capillaries 32 on FIG. 3 b for the production of multi-component filaments 10.
  • Essential elements of the device for producing one or more fibrils, or filament yarn 10, are first capillaries 25 a in the center of a spinning unit 3, for guiding streams of a first material 10 a, and further capillaries 25 c for at least one further material 10 b in the vicinity of the first capillaries 25 a, characterized in that the capillaries 25 a, 25 b are in a perforated plate 2 which is attached to a nozzle plate 3 with spinnerets or spinning capillaries 32, wherein each in alignment with a spinning capillary 32, a projection 23 sits on the side of the perforated plate 2 facing the spinning capillary 32 or the nozzle plate 3, which projection 23 covers a pilot hole 31 a, which merges into the spinning capillary 32, central capillaries 25 a in The center of the projections 23 run and more open into the central region of the pilot hole 31 a, while other capillaries 25 c sit at the edge of a projection 23, such that through these capillaries 25 c a connection between a
  • the perforated plate 2 is preceded by a distribution system 1, the central capillaries 25 a communicating with a first system of main openings 12 a, 12 b, 13 of the distribution system 1, which openings are fed together by at least two sources 14-16, 14'-16 ' and the other peripheral capillaries 25c communicate with a further system of main openings 12c, 13 'of the distribution system 1, which are connected to a further source 14 "-16".
  • two material components are processed in the method or with the device, namely polyester for the core of the yarn and polyamide as a covering of the yarn.
  • the material components are fed to the spinning device by several extruders, which is composed, among other parts, of a melt plate 1, a perforated plate 2 and a nozzle plate 3.
  • a melt plate 1 is divided into a first zone 11a, a second zone 11b and a third zone 11c.
  • a meltdown in other words liquefied material
  • a meltdown in other words material for forming the sheath of the filament yarn
  • This configuration is selected if twice as much material is to be arranged in the core as in the sheath of the filament yarn.
  • a bicomponent yarn can be produced on a two-component yarn, that is, a yarn made of at least two materials.
  • FIG. 1 a The various material flows are shown in principle in FIG. 1 a.
  • material 10a indicated by an arrow in a first distribution system 12A, 13 is fed via a spinning pump 15 and a flange or spinning pot 16 to a first slot 12a, or a plurality of slots lying one behind the other, as shown in FIG. 1 , fed.
  • a further material component is fed through a corresponding feed system 14 ′ - 16 ′ to a second slot 12 b, or a plurality of slots 12 b lying one behind the other. According to the example in FIG. 1 a, this is the same material as in slot 12 a.
  • the material flows from the slots or shafts 12 a and 12 b can then spread out in an elongated slot 13 on the underside of the first distribution system 1.
  • core holes 21 a there are as many rows of core holes 21 a as there are slots 12 a or 12 b.
  • the material also passes from the core bores 21 a into pilot bores 31 a, or spinning capillaries 32 in a subsequent third nozzle plate 3, the material, if it is core material for the filament, being fed into the center of the spinning capillary.
  • Fig. 1 b there is another feed system 14 "- 16" at the entrance to a slot system 12 c in the plate 1, through which material 10 b, in the exemplary embodiment for the filament sheath, is fed.
  • the feed system 14 "-16" like the other feed systems 14 -s 16 and 14'-16 ", is composed of an extruder, a spinning pump, a spinning pot with connecting lines 17. These feeding systems are also called sources for the material to be spun.
  • Fig. 1 there are two slots 12 c, which receive the material from a spinning pot 16 "according to Fig. 1b, which flows through the slots 12 c in another, or in other elongated slots 13 ', which between the first above. mentioned long slots 13.
  • the material 10 b can be distributed in second long slots 13 'over the entire width of the melt plate 1 and continues into so-called jacket bores 21 c, from where it can be distributed in a trough 22 on the underside of the perforated plate 2, 2, 3, 2a, 3a
  • This material 10b can then be provided on the outer edge of projections 23 on the underside of the perforated plate 2 according to Fig. 2a, 3a in pilot bores 31a and finally in the edge areas in enter the spinning capillary 32, where this material forms the sheath 10b of the filament according to Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 1 a and 1 b only show a rough overview of the distribution of the material in Figs. 2, 3, 2 a and 3 a, the details of the material guide are explained.
  • the material flows are symbolized by a strongly drawn and a dashed arrow, the first arrow indicating the direction of flow of the meltdown, the first material 10a, and the second arrow indicating the meltdown, ie the second material 10b should represent.
  • the first material 10a can pass through the melt plate 1 through slots or openings 12a in the first zone 11a, as well as through slots 12b on the other side of the plate. Four slots or openings 12a and 12b are shown in each case. In between, the jacket melt or the second material 10b can get down through two slots or openings 12c in the central region of the melt plate.
  • slots or depressions on the underside of the plate which extend essentially in the horizontal direction over the entire longitudinal extent of the melt plate 1, the lower slots communicating with the upper slots 12a and 12b on the one hand, and other longitudinal slots on the underside with communicate the upper slots 12c.
  • FIG. 2 aligned with these slots are six rows of holes 21a, b with core bores and with jacket bores 21c, the jacket bores each lying between two core bores.
  • the mentioned casing bores 21c open into these troughs 22, a series of such bores being provided for a trough.
  • the other core bores 21a, 21b open on the underside in projections 23 which protrude from the two troughs 22.
  • the flows of the meltdown or the meltdown are again identified with the respective part, the meltdown flowing through bores 21a, 21b and the meltdown passing through bores in a row 21c.
  • the material After the melt flows out of the perforated plate 2, the material reaches the area of the nozzle plate 3, whereby rows of holes 31a, 31b, 31c etc. are in alignment with the rows of holes of perforated plate 2, which are formed by core bores 21a, 21b.
  • the extruded material, the meltdown and the meltdown, possibly also other melt components, leave the nozzle plate 3 through spinnerets or spinning capillaries 32, of which a single one is shown in FIG. 3a.
  • the filament emerging from the capillaries consisting of at least two components is subjected to a treatment before it is further processed and wound up.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 section lines Ila and lilac are indicated, which define the section representations in FIGS. 2a and 3a. It should be noted that the cuts through the perforated plate 2 and the nozzle plate 3 according to FIGS. 2a and 3a are upside down, so to speak, which is also expressed by the arrows symbolizing the reverse flow direction of the meltdown or the meltdown. 2a and 3a, only a section of a plate with currents in the direction of a single spinning capillary 32 is shown. The material of the meltdown penetrates into a core hole 21a from below into the perforated plate 2 and branches into several core capillaries 25a, which are in alignment with a pilot hole 31a from a third Row of holes.
  • a spinning capillary or spinneret 32 connects to this pilot hole 31a on the outlet side of the nozzle plate according to FIG. 3a.
  • the second material 10b or the jacket melt flows through a jacket bore 21c from the bottom upwards to the trough 22, where the jacket melt can be distributed around the projection 23 or the projections 23.
  • each projection 23 there is a recess, in other words a jacket capillary 25c, which is attached to the edge of a projection 23 such that when the perforated plate 2 and the nozzle plate 3 are pressed together, the edge of a pilot hole 31a on the inlet-side surface of the nozzle plate 3 is accurate lies at the level of the jacket capillary 25c, in other words above this recess, so that the jacket melt or the second material 10b from the trough 22 can enter the pilot hole 31a at the edge thereof through the jacket capillary 25a at several points according to the number of cutouts, while the core material or the first material 10a enters through the core capillaries 25a more towards the center of the pilot hole.
  • the arrows in the pilot hole 31a according to FIG. 3a indicate that the first material 10a, i.e. the core melt, is more in the center of the pilot hole, while the second material 10b, i.e. the shell melt, flows in the edge region of the pilot hole 31a.
  • 1 c shows general overviews of possible distributions of the material flows from the material sources 14 to the spinnerets 32, or spinning capillaries.
  • a first and a second material flow each with the material 10a, in particular for forming the filament core, reach a first main opening 12a, 13 and from there further via core bores 21a into the area of core capillaries 25a in the perforated plate 2 to form the material core of the filament or the plurality of filaments.
  • a third stream of material from the source 14 "-16", namely the material 10 b, is passed into another distribution system or into further main openings 12 c, 13 ', in order to from here through so-called jacket bores 21 c through the perforated plate 2 and finally also get into the spinnerets or spinning capillaries 32.
  • the first partial stream 10 a then reaches the center of the spinnerets 32 via the core capillaries 25 a, while the second material stream 10 b from the source 14 ′′ -16 ′′ through peripheral jacket capillaries 25 c to the pilot bores 31 a or spinnerets 32.
  • Different configurations of the core capillaries 25 a, related Approximately jacket capillaries 25 c are shown schematically in the lower part of Fig. 1 c.
  • Another material stream 10b also flows separately into the distribution system 1 and, like the combined material streams 10a, 10a, through openings 12c and 12a, as described elsewhere, into the perforated plate 2 and the nozzle plate 3.
  • the material flows from the core capillaries 25a and the jacket capillaries 25c do not mix or overlap, but flow through the pre-bore 31a exactly in the axial direction, even if the length of this bore 31a is a multiple of its diameter.
  • the hole pattern of the core capillaries 25a or the jacket capillaries 25c must be matched exactly to the shape of the spinning capillary or spinneret 32, as will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 2b and 3b, so that a filament with the desired properties results.
  • core capillaries 25a which are arranged in a star shape, one core capillary 25a being in the center of a projection 23 and three further core capillaries 25a quasi like satellites around this central core capillary 25a are in particular evenly distributed.
  • the openings or jacket capillaries 25c through which the jacket melt can flow in the direction of the pilot hole 31a.
  • 3b shows the shape of the spinning capillary 32 with three wings or lobes (lobes) for the configuration of capillaries or bores or breakthroughs according to FIG. 2b.
  • the material flows from the core capillaries 25a and.
  • Sheath capillaries within a pre-bore 31a maintain their relative position to one another, the materials of the sheath melt flow along the edge of the pre-bore 31a also in the edge areas through the clear cross section of the capillary 32, i.e. in the outer areas of the wings, while the core melt is in the inner areas of the Wing of the capillary 32 and located in its center.
  • 4 shows the composition of such a filament yarn, which is also called a trilobal yarn according to the English literature.
  • FIG. 4 shows that four areas of the core material or the meltdown or the first material 10a are located in the interior of the cross section of a filament yarn 10, a filament core 10'a, to which filament wings 10a or 10a "are attached, being located in the center 4, constrictions 10c can be seen between the filament wings 10a or 10 "a and the filament core 10'a.
  • the boundary lines between the filament core 10'a and a filament wing 10a or 10 "a are drawn in arbitrarily, the material flows at the transitions between filament core 10'a and filament wing 10" a fusing together.
  • the core material 10a is completely enclosed by the casing material 10b, with the dashed line at 10d in the left part of FIG.
  • the material flows from the core capillaries 25a and the jacket capillaries 25c can connect to one another only at certain points, for example on the very outside on the filament wings 10a or 10 "a, the material being the jacket melt can also split off from the filament wings 10a and 10 "a.
  • one filament wing 10a in each case via a filament core 10'a with a further filament wing 10 "a is connected and these three elements of the filament core are more or less enclosed by a jacket made of the three jacket capillaries 25c according to FIG. 2c.
  • Such a two-winged filament yarn with a cross section similar to the shape of the spinning capillary 32 according to FIG. 3c has certain properties which can be advantageous in the further processing of the filament.
  • the spinning process and the device according to the above description are characterized in particular by the fact that a filament yarn is created with an at least partial sheathing, the actual material core of this filament, consisting of one or more core melt materials, more or less pronounced constrictions at the transitions between the filament wings 10 "a and the filament core 10'a, which can result in a soft feel or high flexibility of the filament yarn, which leads to advantageous product properties during further processing of the filament or in the corresponding end product.
  • a spinning package consisting of a distribution system 1, a perforated plate 2 and a nozzle plate 3 such that several, that is to say n (n> 3) components are fed in, and these n components are separated
  • Distribute material flows over a large number of bores, so that on the outlet side of the spin pack 1, 2, 3 according to FIGS. 1 g, 1 h, 1 k, 1 I, or according to FIGS. 1 e and 1 f, from one Nozzle system, the partial material flows are driven out so that nx (x ⁇ n-1) yarn types are created.
  • These can be differently colored yarns and / or those yarns which are composed of different material components.
  • n different yarns are then produced from n different material components at the entry of the spin pack. It is about a method for operating a spinning machine for producing different yarns or yarn types in groups, wherein in each yarn type or group of yarns there is an identical structure of the game from different material components, preferably with several extruders, of which different materials 10 a, 10 b can be fed to one or more spin packs 1, 2, 3, which spin pack or which spin packs has at least one distribution system 1, 2 with a distributor plate and spinnerets 32, recesses 12 c or 12 a in the spin pack for receiving the materials are present, characterized in that at least a first material 10 c for a first component of a first yarn type can be fed into at least one depression or depressions which extend only over part of a spin pack, and for other yarn types which include the first yarn type can, and from a variety of spinnerets 32 sp onnen, at least one further material 10 b can be introduced into at least one recess 12 b, from where
  • a spinning machine for carrying out the above method for producing different yarns in groups wherein in each group of yarns there is an identical structure of the yarns from different material components, with several extruders, of which different materials 10 a, 10 b can be fed to one or more spin packs
  • Which spin pack or which spin packs has at least one distribution system with a distributor plate with depressions and spinnerets is characterized in that at least one depression or a system of depressions 12 c or 12 a in the distribution system of the spin packet for receiving at least a first material component for there is a component of a yarn type consisting of a plurality of spinnerets 32, which extend only over a delimited part of a spin pack, and that for further or all yarns to be produced there is at least one further input depression 12 b, from where a further one it material can be distributed over a larger extent of the distribution system 1 in a larger part of the system or in the entire system, in order to separate into individual bores 21 of a distribution plate 2 compared to the depressions
  • FIGS. 1 g and 1 h A possible configuration is shown in FIGS. 1 g and 1 h, the situation as in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b being essentially the same, with the difference that material sources 14 to 16 and 14 'to 16' the material, or different materials, for which sheaths of multicomponent yarns are fed and only a single component 14 "to 16" according to FIG. 1 h is used to form the core of the filament yarn.
  • material sources 14 to 16 and 14 'to 16' the material, or different materials, for which sheaths of multicomponent yarns are fed and only a single component 14 "to 16" according to FIG. 1 h is used to form the core of the filament yarn.
  • several material sources for different core materials can also be arranged
  • a single core material 10 b that is to say to form the yarn cores, is fed to the distribution system 1 from a material source 14 ′′ to 16 ′′.
  • One and the same core material 10 b is thus made available for all the yarns that emerge from the arrangement.
  • at least one material component is available for larger areas of the spin pack, and other components are only used for smaller areas.
  • other material sources not shown, can be arranged in addition to the material source 14 "to 16" in order to produce further different yarn types.
  • the core material passes through a shaft 12 c (instead of the jacket material according to FIG.
  • the bores 21 a, 21 c do not lead to the core material or jacket material as shown in FIG , Yarns with different sheaths result, the core materials being identical or different depending on the number of core materials.
  • FIGS. 1 k and 1 I A similar configuration is shown in FIGS. 1 k and 1 I, with the basic difference that the material 10 a for the formation of the yarn cores is supplied to the distribution system 1 by the material sources 14 to 16 and 14 'to 16', while only a single material source 14 "to 16" is provided for the jacket material 10 b.
  • 1 k and 1 I correspond exactly to that in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, but the elongated slot 13 is divided into a first elongated slot 13.1 and a second elongated slot 13.2. Several such slots 13.1 and 13.2 are provided one behind the other. It is thus possible to introduce different core materials from the spinning pots 16 or 16 ′ into the distribution system 1 and to carry them on separately.
  • FIGS. 1 k and 1 I and also 1 g, 1 h the description of FIGS. 1 a and 1 b and 1, 2, 2 a, 3, 3 a referenced.
  • Yarns with different cores result, whereby the sheath materials can also be different when sheath material sources are executed several times.
  • the materials in the fiber cross section can be arranged in such a way that there is no completely enclosed core.
  • FIGS. 1 e and 1 f the disposition for the supply of different materials is shown in FIGS. 1 e and 1 f, whereby, as mentioned above , n-game can be created from n components.
  • the material flow diagram in FIG. 1 e corresponds to that in FIGS. 1 g and 1 h, with a first one in the exemplary embodiment Material 10 c for yarn jackets and a second material 10 a for a further group of yarn jackets is fed, each in recesses 12 c and 12 a.
  • a core material 10 b that is the same for all yarns is introduced into a recess 12 b, from where this material can be distributed over the entire length of the distribution system 1 in order to penetrate individual core bores 21 a of a distributor plate 2.
  • the entry-side slots 12 a, 12 b, 12 c each merge into exit-side slots 13, 13 ', 13 ", which communicate with the various bores, that is, jacket bores 21 c, or core bores 21 a it can be seen that, as shown by dashed lines in the lower part in the perforated plate 2, there is a connection from the various bores mentioned to the core capillaries 25 a, or jacket capillaries 25 c.
  • capillaries 21, 25 are combined in preferably separate groups, for example a hole pattern of capillaries with three core capillaries and three outer capillaries indicated in the periphery can be combined into one group as shown below on the left, while another group of bores, or capillaries, see schematic in the nozzle plate 2 in the right part represented atically, with four core holes and six jacket holes in an exemplary embodiment, in a second group according to the right block of holes in the perforated plate 2, summarized.
  • a perforated plate 2 can of course also be divided into several sections, as is indicated by the dashed line in the middle of the perforated plate 2 between the perforated groups 21, 25, or 21 ', 25'.
  • FIG. 1 f A similar representation can be found in FIG. 1 f, wherein only a single jacket material 10 b is distributed through openings 12 b or slots 13 "over the entire width of a distribution system 1 or a perforation system 3. This jacket material passes further through Jacket bores 21 a, b in jacket capillaries 25 c in the perforated plate 2.
  • core material 10 a, 10 c from sources 14 to 16, and 14 'to 16', which can only be used to a limited extent. catch according to the representation of the staggered openings 12 c, 13 ', or 12 a, 13, can spread over certain areas of the distribution system.
  • These different core materials 10 a or 10 c reach core capillaries 25 a in perforated plate 2 through core bores 21 c, and further through adapted spinnerets 32 according to FIG. 3 a, which are aligned with the bores or capillaries.
  • n materials from n sources do not have to be concentric with one another in the finished yarn, which means that the core and jacket bores defined by definition do not have to be positioned such that core bores are in the inner area and jacket bores are in the outer area.
  • a multi-component yarn can also be designed in such a way that the so-called core bores lie in the vicinity of the alignment of the spinnerets 32 in addition to so-called laterally more distant jacket bores, so that there is virtually no concentric encasing of the core components by jacket components.
  • the various variants described can be implemented by a multicolor machine (for example a tricolor machine) in which the tricolor spinnerets are replaced by multicomponent spinnerets.
  • a multi-color machine can thus be upgraded to a multi-component machine.
  • a three-color machine can be converted to a two-component machine.
  • the retrofitting merely consists in the spinning package consisting, for example, of a distribution system 1, a perforated plate system 2 and a spinning plate system 3 as described above. In this way, yarns can be produced in which, for example, the core consists of undyed polymer or the sheath consists of differently colored polymers, or different types of polymer form the core.
  • extruders are preferably equipped with metering devices for coloring the melts.
  • the different, colored melts are guided separately so that they reach the spinnerets in spatially separate areas.
  • a multi-component filament can emerge from each capillary opening as described.
  • At least one extruder is used to melt the polymer for the core of the biko yarn.
  • the remaining extruders are used to melt the jacket polymer.
  • Each polymer stream is fed to the spinning beam in a melt line.
  • the melt streams are further divided in the spinning beam and finally a partial stream of each polymer is fed into the spinneret.
  • the spinneret the polymer streams are brought together to form a biko-gam. Assuming that an extruder is used for the core material, the material content of the core in each filament is approximately 33% and the material content of the casing is approximately 67%.
  • the tricolor spinning machine uses two extruders for the core material and one extruder for the sheath material.
  • the material content of the core in each filament comprises approximately 67% and that of the sheath approximately 33% (see Fig. 1 c).
  • bicomponent game with different types of cores on a tricolor spinning machine If an extruder is used for the sheath material on the tricolor spinning machine when using bicomponent games, different core materials can be processed on the remaining two extruders. Then bicomponent yarns are spun with different core materials.
  • the core share is approx. 33%.
  • Half of all filaments have a core made of material 1 and half of all filaments have a core made of material 2.
  • the core materials can only differ in color. However, they preferably differ in their physical properties in order to generate particular added value when using the end products. These include electrically conductive additives, antibacterial agents, polymers with different shrinkage behavior, etc.
  • multicolor machines with n extruders (or n different types of melt streams with n> 3) can be used to produce Serve bicomponent yarns.
  • the following bicomponent game can be spun:
  • core - cladding the shells and the cores can be different.
  • multi-component yarns (core / sheath) can also be produced in which only the sheath or the core is colored.
  • the coloring is usually carried out by adding dyes during spinning (spin dyeing) or in the finished yarn or carpet (yarn dyeing, printing, piece dyeing).
  • spin dyeing or in the finished yarn or carpet
  • dyeing printing, piece dyeing
  • the dyeing process is complete when the dye is completely and evenly distributed in the yarn.
  • the cost of the dye can be the same as the polymer cost. If it is possible to produce the dye with a device or system described in accordance with the invention, a significant cost reduction can be achieved.
  • the savings options can be broken down as follows:
  • the dyeing of a thin coat layer of the filament can be enough to color the yarn alone.
  • the color can be obtained by spinning the core material. If only the core is made from a polymer mixed with masterbatch when spinning dyed core-sheath yarn, half of the dye can be saved with a core / sheath ratio of 50:50. This means a reduction in raw material costs of approx. 12 to 25%.
  • Another problem with dyed yarn is the so-called color fastness. This means staining (rubbing off on contact) or bleeding (washing out on wet treatment). If the spun-dyed core is now covered by a colorless coat, the color fastness is improved. The savings are therefore not only in a reduction of the dye, but the utility value of the yarn is increased, or a less expensive dye can be used.
  • core-sheath yarn for piece dyeing allows the use of sheath polymer with sole color affinity for a certain class of dyes. In this way it can be achieved that the dye is only absorbed in the jacket and thus the required amount of dye is reduced.
  • antistatic material can only be used in the production of yarns with different sheaths in part of the different sheath components, so that the antistatic properties are still present while saving the antistatic material. You can also limit yourself to generally only providing the material in the jacket with an antistatic effect. Furthermore, when dividing a spinning package over several hole systems, as mentioned in connection with the description of FIG. 1 f, the antistatic material can remain restricted to a single group of holes 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de fils continus (10) faisant appel à des premiers tubes capillaires (25a) situés au centre d'une unité de filage, chaque type de filé présentant une structure identique constituée de différents composants de matière, et de préférence au moyen de plusieurs extrudeuses où différentes matières (10a, 10b) de plusieurs paquets de filage (1, 2, 3) peuvent être introduites, ainsi que d'un système de distribution (1,2) pourvu d'un plateau de distribution et de filières (32) comportant des cavités (12c ou 12a) situées dans le paquet de filage et destinées à loger les matières. L'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une première matière (10c) conçue pour un premier composant d'un premier type de filé peut être introduite dans les cavités s'étendant seulement sur une partie d'un paquet de filage, et en ce qu'une autre matière (10b) conçue pour d'autres types de filé est introduite dans au moins une autre cavité (12b) à partir de laquelle cette matière peut être distribuée sur une grande partie ou sur la totalité du système de distribution (1, 2, 3) afin d'atteindre lesdites filières (32).
EP02740190A 2001-08-03 2002-07-16 Procede de fabrication d'un fil continu et dispositif correspondant Withdrawn EP1427875A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10138177 2001-08-03
DE10138177A DE10138177A1 (de) 2001-08-03 2001-08-03 Herstellverfahren für ein Filamentgarn aus mehreren Komponenten sowie Vorrichtung zum Spinnen eines solchen Garns sowie Garn nach dem Herstellungsverfahren
PCT/CH2002/000394 WO2003012181A1 (fr) 2001-08-03 2002-07-16 Procede de fabrication d'un fil continu et dispositif correspondant

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EP1427875A1 true EP1427875A1 (fr) 2004-06-16

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EP (1) EP1427875A1 (fr)
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CN102206881A (zh) * 2011-05-27 2011-10-05 东华大学 一种用于生产三组分皮芯型纤维的装置
BG67252B1 (bg) * 2017-06-27 2021-02-15 Е.Миролио ЕАД Метод за получаване на вискозна изкуствена коприна с променяща се дебелина, продукт, получен по този метод и инсталация за реализиране на метода
CN110373733B (zh) * 2019-07-10 2024-08-20 江苏帝达智能科技有限公司 一种多功能纺丝试验机
CN111733461A (zh) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-02 昆山无双金属科技有限公司 一种新型口罩模分流板

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DE7022668U (de) * E I Du Pont De Nemours And Co Spinndüsenanordnung
US3500498A (en) * 1966-05-28 1970-03-17 Asahi Chemical Ind Apparatus for the manufacture of conjugated sheath-core type composite fibers
US3992499A (en) * 1974-02-15 1976-11-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for sheath-core cospun heather yarns
GB2057344B (en) * 1979-09-07 1983-02-09 Toray Industries Spinneret assembly for use in production of multi-core composite filamentss
DE3850408T2 (de) * 1987-10-02 1994-10-06 Basf Corp Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von profilierten Mehrkomponentenfasern.
JPH0327107A (ja) * 1989-06-20 1991-02-05 Chisso Corp 複合紡糸口金装置
IE71668B1 (en) * 1989-07-19 1997-02-26 Inventa Ag Apparatus and method for the spinning of core/sheath fibres
US5244614A (en) * 1991-09-26 1993-09-14 Basf Corporation Process of making multicomponent trilobal fiber
US5869181A (en) * 1997-01-10 1999-02-09 Basf Corporation Multiple domain fibers and methods of making the same

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DE10138177A1 (de) 2003-02-13
WO2003012181A1 (fr) 2003-02-13

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