EP1426526B1 - Coffrage - Google Patents

Coffrage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1426526B1
EP1426526B1 EP03026439A EP03026439A EP1426526B1 EP 1426526 B1 EP1426526 B1 EP 1426526B1 EP 03026439 A EP03026439 A EP 03026439A EP 03026439 A EP03026439 A EP 03026439A EP 1426526 B1 EP1426526 B1 EP 1426526B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
elements
fixation
brims
construction according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03026439A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1426526A2 (fr
EP1426526A3 (fr
Inventor
Herminio Costa Da Silva
Emanuel Alcino Dias Martins Ramalhao
Leonel De Jesus
Rui Pedro Romero Amandi De Sousa
Antonio Joaquim Ferreira Rebelo
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CivilPlas-Aplicacoes Modulares Lda
Original Assignee
CivilPlas-Aplicacoes Modulares Lda
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Publication of EP1426526A2 publication Critical patent/EP1426526A2/fr
Publication of EP1426526A3 publication Critical patent/EP1426526A3/fr
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Publication of EP1426526B1 publication Critical patent/EP1426526B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/02—Connecting or fastening means for non-metallic forming or stiffening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E04G11/10—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring of elements without beams which are mounted during erection of the shuttering to brace or couple the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
    • E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
    • E04G13/021—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor for circular columns
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
    • E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
    • E04G13/023—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor with means for modifying the sectional dimensions
    • E04G13/025—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor with means for modifying the sectional dimensions with stiff clamping means bracing the back-side of the form without penetrating the forming surface
    • E04G13/026—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor with means for modifying the sectional dimensions with stiff clamping means bracing the back-side of the form without penetrating the forming surface the forming surface-element being the same for different sections of the column
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
    • E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
    • E04G13/028—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor for columns' capital
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G2009/028—Forming boards or similar elements with reinforcing ribs on the underside

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a formwork made of thermoplastic material or of rigid composite to be used in the construction of concrete pillars with circular or elliptic cross-section, or of concrete walls, and to the respective formwork fixation system.
  • Formworks are usually made of steel or wood. Although the formworks made of these materials can be reused, they present several disadvantages, namely their high weight, which makes more difficult and expensive both the respective transport to the construction site and the handling during construction work, and their strong surface adhesion to concrete, which demands, many times, the use of oils to minimize adhesion and the need for cleaning of the formwork after drying of the concrete.
  • tubular formworks made of paper used for the construction of concrete pillars such as the ones described by patent FR2646868, present low weight and allow a good surface finishing.
  • tubular formworks made of paper occupy a high volume that increases transportation costs, besides presenting a very low stiffness, which makes difficult their manipulation without significant deformation as well as their vertical positioning during the filling of the paper formwork with concrete.
  • the tubular nature of the formwork limits the pillar cross-section to a circular one and requires the positioning of the formwork to be made from above the steel structure of the pillar, which limits its use.
  • the paper composition of these formworks makes them prone to water absorption by exposition to rain and high air humidity conditions at the construction site.
  • the tubular formworks made of paper are non-reusable, which makes very high the ratio between unitary cost/number of times used.
  • the present invention is related to a formwork to be used in civil construction comprising curved elements of semicircular shape, flat elements of plate shape, or both, having transversal ribs and vertical ribs on the outer surfaces of said elements, first brims for lateral support which define the cross section of the formwork by the fixation of two curved elements positioned face-to-face, or two flat elements positioned side by side, second brims for top support for fixing two curved elements or two flat elements, positioned one above the other, characterised in that the elements further comprise ramps disposed between second brims and said outer surface providing areas for support of the formwork by bars or beams that help to maintain the vertical alignment of the formwork, the formworks also comprising fixation corners for fixation of the first brims for lateral support, fixation levers for fixation of the second brims for top support, and cramps for blocking the fixation corners when assembled into the first brims for lateral support.
  • This invention proposes formworks for the construction of concrete pillars for civil engineering with circular or elliptic cross-section or walls and the respective formwork fixation system.
  • the formworks are made of thermoplastic or composite material, being the thermoplastic a polyolefin, a polyester, a polyamide, a styrene-based thermoplastic, a vinyl-based thermoplastic, or any other mixture containing any of these materials, being the composite any of the previous thermoplastic materials reinforced with glass, aramid or carbon fibres.
  • the formwork is obtained by the assembly of several components according with the height and cross-section of the pillar to be constructed.
  • the reduced dimensions and the low density of the formwork components makes the transportation inside and outside the construction site easy and cheap, and its handling and assembly possible by a single worker.
  • the assembly of the components can be made around the steel structure of the pillar that eases its use.
  • the weak adhesion of the concrete to the thermoplastic or composite material of the formwork produces a good surface finishing of the concrete pillar, which reduces finishing steps and avoids the use of lubricating oils.
  • the thermoplastic formwork composition assures a low thermal conductivity of the formwork relatively to metal formworks that makes their manipulation at low or high temperatures more comfortable to the worker.
  • a flexible thermoplastic sleeve can be used inside the formwork. This flexible sleeve is inserted from above the steel structure before the assembly of the formwork. Once the formwork is assembled around the sleeve, the sleeve itself is tied up to the top of the formwork.
  • the formwork After pouring and drying of the concrete, the formwork is disassembled and can be used for many other times, making very low the ratio between unitary cost/number of times used.
  • the plastic sleeve when used also protects the pillar after disassembling of the formwork from small side impacts at the construction site. At the end of work, the plastic sleeve is torn off leaving the surface of the pillar exposed.
  • the formwork is composed by curved elements (1) and/or flat elements (2) and is fixed by fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) made of thermoplastic or composite material.
  • the curved elements (1) of the formwork have a concave shape.
  • the flat elements (2) of the formwork have a plate shape.
  • the elements (1) and (2) have second brims (5) for top support and first brims (6) for lateral support.
  • the second brims (5) for top support and first brims (6) for lateral support aim to increase both the contact area and the parallel alignment between curved elements (1), between flat elements (2) or between curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) when fixed.
  • the elements (1) and (2) have transversal ribs (7) that assure the mechanical reinforcement and minimize warpage, as well as vertical ribs (8) that provide mechanical reinforcement and help visually the alignment of the formwork by the worker, both on the outer surface of said elements.
  • the cross section of the formwork when assembled using only curved elements (1), fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) is defined by the contact of first brims (6) for lateral support of two curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face, which have dimensions defined accordingly to the diameter of the pillar to be built.
  • two capital-base elements (9) can be used, which are positioned face-to-face and which are fixed together and to the curved elements (1) located above or below them by fixation levers (4).
  • the capital-base elements (9) have transversal ribs (7) and vertical ribs (8), which assure the mechanical reinforcement and increase the dimensional stability of the capital-base elements (9).
  • the capital-base elements (9) have second brims (5) for top support and first brims (6) for lateral support and can have variable geometries according to aesthetics desired for the capital or for the base.
  • Elements (1) and (2) have ramps (10) disposed between second brims (5) and the outer surface of the elements providing areas for support of the formwork by bars or beams that help to maintain the vertical alignment of the formwork.
  • the flat elements (2) can be assembled as an option combined with curved elements (1), fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) in order to produce formworks with elliptical cross section, being the cross section defined by the contact of the first brims (6) for lateral support of the curved elements (1) and the first brims (6) of the flat elements (2) positioned along the perimeter, which have dimensions defined accordingly to the diameter of the pillar to be built.
  • the flat elements (2), the fixation corners (3) and the fixation levers (4) can be assembled in order to produce flat formworks suitable for the construction of support walls.
  • the height of the formwork is defined by the number of curved (1) or flat (2) elements used in the vertical direction.
  • the height of the formwork can also be adjusted by the cutting of the curved elements (1), flat elements (2) and fixation corners (3) in order to obtain a given height, which is not possible by the current state-of-the-art in this field.
  • the second brims (5) for top support of the curved elements (1), flat elements (2) and capital-base (9) elements create a contact area between curved elements (1), flat elements (2) or between curved elements (1) and capital-base (9) elements when vertically positioned one above the other, which helps the alignment of the formwork and assures the parallel positioning between elements.
  • the second brims (5) for top support have elongated openings (11) with a circular shape at its centre and in the outer surface bosses (12) at each side of the opening, forming a half channel (13) profile on the second brim (5) that assures the interaction of such elements with the fixation levers (4) and guarantees the fixing of the formwork elements and the rigidity of the assembly.
  • each fixation lever (4) When the fixation levers (4) are placed in the openings, each fixation lever (4) has in one of its extremities an axe (14) with two pins (15) that interact with the elevations (12) on the second brims (5) during the 90° rotation that assure the fixation of the levers to the formwork elements.
  • the interference of the pins (15) with the elevations (12) at each side increase the compression of the pins (15) during rotation of the fixation lever (4) and impedes the accidental rotation of the lever after fixation.
  • the fixation levers (4) can possess several cavities (16) that decrease the cross section and the weight of the part without reduction of the outer dimension and the respective moment of inertia.
  • the first brims (6) create a surface for lateral support between curved elements (1), between flat elements (2), and between curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) aimed to guarantee the parallel position between formwork elements.
  • the first brims (6) for lateral support of both the curved elements (1) and the flat elements (2) have inclined cuts (17) terminating in the form of a hook that allow the assembly of the fixation corners (3) containing a longitudinal gutter (18) that fits in the first brims (6) of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face, or in the first brims (6) of curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) positioned face-by-side, or in the first brims (6) of flat elements positioned side-by-side.
  • the fixation corner (3) has beams (19) that fit into the inclined cuts (17) located at the first brims (6) that assure the fixation of curved elements (1) and flat elements (2) and impede the accidental disassembly of the formwork.
  • the fixation corners (3) have ribs (20) that assure the rigidity and dimensional stability of the part.
  • the first brims (6) have circular holes (21) for assembly of metallic cramps (22) that provide additional fixing of the formwork, being its use indicated for transportation of assembled formworks.
  • the fixation corners (3) have slits (23) at the opposite side of the gutter (18) to allow the coupling of the cramps (22) to the holes (21) of first brims (6).
  • the cramps (22) assure coupling sites from which the formwork can be raised and transported, which allows the assembling of the formwork to be carried out in a place different than the construction site.
  • the first brims (6) for lateral support of the capital-base elements (9) have elongated openings (11) with a circular shape at its centre and bosses (12) at each side of the opening, forming a half channel (13) profile on the first brim (6) that assures the interaction of such elements with the fixation levers (4) and guarantees the fixing of the capital-base elements (9) and the rigidity of the assembly.
  • the formworks made of thermoplastic or composite materials composed by curved elements (1), fixation corners (3), and/or fixation levers (4) can be assembled in three distinct versions as presented in Figures 11, 12 and 13 for examples of formworks composed by four curved elements.
  • the first version, presented in Figure 11, consists in the assembly of pairs of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face with alignment of both the vertical ribs (8) and the openings (11) of the second brims (5) for top support of the pair of curved elements (1) located above relatively to the pair below, with each fixation corner (3) fitted, at most, in two curved elements (1), being the fixation of the curved elements (1) in the vertical direction assured by fixation levers (4).
  • This mode of assembly is suitable for formworks composed by a reduced number of formwork elements that are used to produce pillars of small height, for which the demands in terms of formwork stiffness are low.
  • the second version presented in Figure 12, consists in the assembly of pairs of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face with alignment of both the vertical ribs (8) and the openings (11) of the first brims (6) for top support of the pair of curved elements (1) located above relatively to the pair below, with each fixation corner (3) fitted, at least, in four curved elements (1), being the fixation of the curved elements (1) in the vertical direction assured or not by additional fixation levers (4).
  • This mode of assembly is suitable for formworks composed by a high number of formwork elements, suitable for the construction of pillars of very high height, for which the demands in terms of formwork stiffness are high.
  • the third version presented in Figure 13, consists of the assembly of pairs of curved elements (1) positioned face-to-face with misalignment of the vertical ribs (8) and alignment of the openings (11) of the second brims (5) for top support of the pair of curved elements (1) located above relatively to the pair below, with each fixation corner (3) fitted, at most, in two curved elements (1), being the fixation of the curved elements (1) in the vertical direction assured by fixation levers (4).
  • This mode of assembly is suitable for formworks subjected to high mechanical forces induced by concrete vibration or very high concrete densities.
  • the flat formworks used for building support walls composed by flat elements (2), fixation corners (3) and fixation levers (4) can be assembled with belts (24) as an option.
  • the belts (24) avoid the motion of each of the formwork walls and assure a higher resistance of the formwork during the filling with concrete.
  • These belts can be made of rigid or flexible thermoplastic material and have a rectangular shape with two elongated apertures (25) at each extremity.
  • the belt (24) is positioned between the second brims (5) of top support of two flat (2) elements positioned one above the other, so that the apertures (25) are coincident with the openings (11).
  • fixation levers (4) coincident with the openings (11) and the apertures (25) assures the fixation of the belts (24).
  • the formworks made of thermoplastic or composite materials composed by curved elements (1), fixation corners (3), and/or fixation levers (4) can be assembled as an option with a flexible internal sleeve (26) made of thermoplastic material that assures a high quality surface finish of the pillar and protects it after disassembly of the formwork.
  • the internal sleeve (26) is swept through the steel structure before or after the assembly of the formwork.
  • the internal sleeve (26) has several longitudinal coups (27) in the top extremity to allow the folding.
  • These folds (28) have openings (11) with a circular shape at its centre that are identical to the openings (11) located at the second brims (5) for top support of curved elements (1).
  • the formwork Once the formwork is assembled around the internal sleeve (26), it can be fixed to the top of the formwork.
  • the folds (28) at the extremity of the internal sleeve (26) can be folded in a way that the openings (11) located at both the internal sleeve (26) and the second brims (5) for top support become coincident, which allows the fixation of the internal sleeve (26) by fixation levers (4) to the top of the formwork.
  • the diameter of the internal sleeve (26) is slightly lower than the one of the formwork as a way to allow expansion in the radial direction of sleeve during concrete pouring, which avoids the wrinkling of the internal sleeve (26) and consequent surface irregularities at the pillar surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Claims (23)

  1. Un coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment comprend
    a) Les éléments incurvés (1) en forme semi-circulaire, les éléments plats (2) de la plaque ou les deux, avec
    i) des nervures transversales (7) et des nervures verticales (8) sur les surfaces externes desdits éléments,
    ii) des bords primaires (6) pour l'appui latéral qui définissent la section transversale du coffrage par la fixation de deux éléments incurvés (1), positionnés face à face ou deux éléments plats (2), placés côte à côte,
    iii) des bords secondaires (5) pour le soutien supérieur en guise de fixation des deux éléments incurvés (1) ou des deux éléments plats (2), placés l'un au-dessus de l'autre,
    iv) du fait que les éléments (1,2) comportent, en plus,
    v) des rampes, disposées entre les bords secondaires et ladite surface externe, fournissant les zones pour l'appui du coffrage, au moyen de barres ou de poutres qui aident à maintenir l'alignement vertical du coffrage,
    les coffrages comprennent également
    b) des angles de fixation (3), pour fixer les bords primaires (6) pour l'appui latéral,
    c) des leviers de fixation (4), pour fixer les bords secondaires (5) pour l'appui supérieur,
    d) des crampons (22), pour bloquer les angles de fixation (3), une fois assemblés dans les bords primaires (6), pour l'appui latéral.
  2. Un coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 1, du fait qu'il est composé d'éléments incurvés (1), combinés avec des éléments plats (2), de manière à ce qu'un coffrage de section transversale ovale soit formé par le contact de bords primaires (6), pour l'appui latéral des éléments incurvés (1) et des éléments plats (2), placés le long du périmètre.
  3. Le coffrage utilisé dans bâtiment selon l'exigence 1, du fait que le coffrage a sur sa partie supérieure ou inférieure des éléments de base (9), placés face à face par le contact des bords primaires (6) pour l'appui latéral, et fixés entre les uns et les autres, ainsi qu'aux éléments incurvés placés au-dessus ou au-dessous d'eux par des leviers de fixation (4), avec également des éléments de base (9), des nervures transversales (7) et des nervures verticales (8).
  4. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que son hauteur verticale peut être ajustée en coupant dans la longueur les éléments respectifs et les angles de fixation (3).
  5. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que les bords secondaires (5), pour l'appui supérieur, ont prolongé des ouvertures (11) en forme circulaire à son centre et des bossages (12) sur chaque côté de l'ouverture (11), formant une demi-cannelure (13), profilée sur le bord du côté opposé au côté du contact avec l'élément incurvé voisin (1), l'élément plat (2) ou l'élément de base (9), qui assure l'interaction de tels éléments avec les leviers de fixation (4) et garantit la fixation des éléments de coffrage et la rigidité de l'assemblage.
  6. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que les leviers de fixation (4) ont, dans l'une de ses extrémités, un axe (14) avec deux bornes (15) qui interagit avec les élévations (12) pendant la rotation de 90°, ce qui augmente la compression des goupilles (15) pendant la rotation du levier de fixation (4) et empêche la rotation accidentelle du levier après fixation, les leviers de fixation (4) ayant plusieurs cavités (16) qui diminuent la section transversale et le poids de la pièce, sans réduction de la dimension externe et du moment respectif d'inertie.
  7. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que les bords primaires (6), pour l'appui latéral, à la fois, des éléments incurvés (1) et des éléments plats (2), ont des coupes inclinées (17) terminant sous forme de crochet qui permettent l'assemblage des angles de fixation (3) contenant une gouttière longitudinale (18), dans laquelle s'adaptent soit les bords primaires (6), pour l'appui latéral des éléments incurvés (1) positionnés face à face, soit les bords primaires (6) pour l'appui latéral des éléments incurvés (1) et des éléments plats (2) placés face / côté ou bien les bords primaires (6) pour l'appui latéral des éléments plats (2) placés côte à côte.
  8. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que les angles de fixation (3) ont des poutres (19) qui s'adaptent dans les coupes inclinées (17), situées au niveau des bords primaires (6) pour l'appui latéral qui assurent la fixation des éléments incurvés (1) et des éléments plats (2) et empêchent le démontage accidentel du coffrage, et des nervures (20) qui assurent la rigidité et la stabilité dimensionnelle de la pièce.
  9. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que les bords primaires (6) pour l'appui latéral ont des trous circulaires (21), pour l'assemblage des crampons métalliques (22), qui fournissent un fixage additionnel du coffrage ; son utilisation étant indiquée pour le transport des coffrages assemblés.
  10. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que les angles de fixation (3) ont des fentes (23) du côté opposé de la gouttière (18), pour permettre l'accouplement des crampons (22) aux angles de fixation (6); les crampons (22) assurent les emplacements d'accouplement, permettant un coffrage facile à augmenter et transporter.
  11. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 1 et 2, du fait que les bords secondaires (5), pour l'appui supérieur, ont prolongé des ouvertures (11) en forme circulaire à son centre et des bossages (12) sur chaque côté de l'ouverture, formant une demi-cannelure (13) profilée sur le bord du côté opposé au contact avec l'élément incurvé voisin (1), l'élément plat (2) ou l'élément de base, (9) qui assure l'interaction de tels éléments avec les leviers de fixation (4) et garantit la fixation des éléments de coffrage et la rigidité de l'assemblage.
  12. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 1, du fait que les éléments plats (2) peuvent être assemblés, en option, avec des ceintures (24) ayant une forme rectangulaire et deux ouvertures (25) prolongées à chaque extrémité.
  13. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 12, du fait que la ceinture (24) est placée entre les bords secondaires (5) de l'appui supérieur de deux éléments plats (2), placés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, de sorte que les orifices (25) coïncident avec les ouvertures (11) et de manière à ce que l'utilisation de leviers de fixation (4) coïncidents avec les ouvertures (11) et les orifices (25) assure la fixation des ceintures (24).
  14. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 1, du fait que sa forme permet l'assemblage vertical, l'un au-dessus de l'autre, de paires d'éléments incurvés (1), placés face à face avec l'alignement, à la fois, des nervures verticales (8) et des ouvertures(11) des bords secondaires (5) pour l'appui supérieur de la paire d'éléments incurvés (1), placée au-dessus relativement à la paire d'en dessous, avec chaque angle de fixation (3) adapté, au maximum, à deux éléments incurvés (1) ; la fixation des éléments incurvés (1) étant, dans la direction verticale, assurée par des leviers de fixation (4) ; ce mode d'assemblage convenant aux coffrages composés par un nombre réduit d'éléments de coffrage employés, pour produire des piliers de petite taille.
  15. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 1, du fait que sa forme permet l'assemblage vertical, l'un au-dessus de l'autre, de paires d'éléments incurvés (1), placés face à face avec l'alignement, à la fois, des nervures verticales (8) et des ouvertures (11) des bords secondaires (5), pour l'appui supérieur de la paire d'éléments incurvés (1) placée au-dessus relativement à la paire d'en dessous, avec chaque angle de fixation (3) adapté, au moins, à quatre éléments incurvés (1) ; la fixation des éléments incurvés (1) étant, dans la direction verticale, assurée ou non par des leviers de fixation supplémentaires (4) ; ce mode d'assemblage convenant aux coffrages composés par un grand nombre d'éléments de coffrage employés pour produire des piliers de très grande taille.
  16. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 1, du fait que sa forme permet l'assemblage vertical, l'un au-dessus de l'autre, de paires d'éléments incurvés (1), placés face à face avec la déviation des nervures verticales (8) et l'alignement des ouvertures (11) des bords secondaires (5), pour l'appui supérieur de la paire d'éléments incurvés (1), placés au-dessus relativement à la paire d'en dessous, avec chaque angle de fixation (3) adapté, au maximum, à deux éléments incurvés (1) ; la fixation des éléments incurvés (1) étant, dans la direction verticale, assurée par des leviers de fixation (4) ; ce mode d'assemblage convenant aux coffrages soumis à des forces mécaniques élevées, induites par vibration du béton ou par des densités très élevées du béton.
  17. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences précédentes, du fait que tous ses éléments constitutifs, excepté les crampons métalliques (22), sont faits d'une matière thermoplastique ou composite à basse densité.
  18. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 17, du fait que le matériel est choisi à partir d'une liste de matériaux comprenant des polyoléfines, polyesters, polyamides, polymères styrènes, thermoplastiques de vinyle, ainsi que toute sorte de mélange contenant l'un des matériaux et composites sus-mentionnés, faits à partir des matériaux sus-cités, renforcés avec des fibres en verre, d'aramide ou de carbone.
  19. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 1, du fait qu'il peut être employé comme option, avec une douille interne flexible (26) faite à partir de matière thermoplastique qui assure une finition de surface de haute qualité du pilier et la protège après le démontage du coffrage.
  20. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon l'exigence 19, du fait que la douille interne (26) a plusieurs coupes longitudinales (27) dans l'extrémité supérieure pour permettre le pliage, et des ouvertures avec une forme circulaire à son centre qui sont identiques aux ouvertures (11) situées aux bords secondaires (5), pour l'appui supérieur des éléments incurvés (1).
  21. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 19 et 20, du fait que la douille interne (26) a des plis (28) qui peuvent être pliés de telle manière que les ouvertures (11), situées à la fois au niveau de la douille interne (26) et des bords secondaires (5) pour l'appui supérieur, coïncident, permettant ainsi la fixation de la douille interne (26) au moyen de leviers de fixation (4) jusqu'au-dessus du coffrage.
  22. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 19 à 21, du fait que le diamètre de la douille interne (26) est légèrement inférieur à celui du coffrage, de manière à permettre l'expansion dans la direction radiale de la douille, pendant le coulage du béton.
  23. Le coffrage utilisé dans le bâtiment selon les exigences 19 à 22, du fait que la douille interne (26) est faite d'un matériel choisi à partir d'une liste de matériaux comprenant des polyoléfines, des polymères styrènes et le thermoplastique de vinyle.
EP03026439A 2002-11-22 2003-11-20 Coffrage Expired - Lifetime EP1426526B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT102875A PT102875B (pt) 2002-11-22 2002-11-22 Cofragem para construcao civil
PT10287502 2002-11-22

Publications (3)

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EP1426526A2 EP1426526A2 (fr) 2004-06-09
EP1426526A3 EP1426526A3 (fr) 2005-06-08
EP1426526B1 true EP1426526B1 (fr) 2007-02-21

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EP03026439A Expired - Lifetime EP1426526B1 (fr) 2002-11-22 2003-11-20 Coffrage

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AT (1) ATE354709T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60311943D1 (fr)
PT (2) PT102875B (fr)

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EP1447496B1 (fr) * 2003-02-13 2017-04-26 GEOPLAST S.p.A. Coffrage modulaire réutilisable pour exécuter des colonnes
EP1653025A3 (fr) * 2004-10-26 2008-05-14 Gianazza Angelo S.p.A. Coffrage modulaire pour la construction de murs et de piliers
CN104060822A (zh) * 2014-06-20 2014-09-24 山东电力建设第一工程公司 空冷钢外模板
CN104060823A (zh) * 2014-07-13 2014-09-24 黄海林 一种现浇混凝土柱模板
CN104746871B (zh) * 2015-03-13 2016-08-31 中天建设集团有限公司 一种燕尾形大型混凝土墩柱的钢模板桁架结构
CN105133498A (zh) * 2015-08-27 2015-12-09 江苏明福钢结构有限公司 一种防渗钢结构墩身模板
US11408187B2 (en) * 2017-01-18 2022-08-09 Create A Castle, LLC Mold systems having a separation tool for molding structures
AU2018210246B2 (en) * 2017-01-18 2023-08-17 Create A Castle, LLC Systems, devices, and methods for molding structures
CN107023165B (zh) * 2017-04-20 2023-11-07 上海建工集团股份有限公司 玻璃钢圆柱模板的密封系统及施工方法
CN110700577A (zh) * 2019-10-21 2020-01-17 徐州鑫固钢模有限公司 一种具有内置板钢模板装置
CN111395743A (zh) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-10 上海建工一建集团有限公司 异形清水砼结构钢模板及其施工方法
WO2021221542A1 (fr) * 2020-04-28 2021-11-04 Zhuk Eduard Mikhailovich Système de coffrage
EP4033051B1 (fr) * 2021-01-22 2023-06-07 ULMA C y E, S. COOP. Ensemble coffrage pour un coffrage vertical
CN113090004B (zh) * 2021-05-14 2022-04-01 青岛海盾复合模板有限公司 一种超高强度建筑塑料模板
CN113338615A (zh) * 2021-07-05 2021-09-03 中建科工集团有限公司 一种用于浇筑劲性柱的模具
CN113958122B (zh) * 2021-10-26 2024-01-30 中建新疆建工集团第一建筑工程有限公司 一种便携式可拆卸马蹄形柱模板固定装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE354709T1 (de) 2007-03-15
EP1426526A2 (fr) 2004-06-09
PT102875B (pt) 2005-02-28
EP1426526A3 (fr) 2005-06-08
DE60311943D1 (de) 2007-04-05
PT102875A (pt) 2004-05-31
PT1426526E (pt) 2007-05-31

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