EP1424769A1 - Dreiphasiger Mischer , und dessen Verwendung in einem Empfänger - Google Patents

Dreiphasiger Mischer , und dessen Verwendung in einem Empfänger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1424769A1
EP1424769A1 EP03027064A EP03027064A EP1424769A1 EP 1424769 A1 EP1424769 A1 EP 1424769A1 EP 03027064 A EP03027064 A EP 03027064A EP 03027064 A EP03027064 A EP 03027064A EP 1424769 A1 EP1424769 A1 EP 1424769A1
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Prior art keywords
mixer
oscillator
output
signal
circuit
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French (fr)
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EP1424769B1 (de
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Sanae Asayama
Atsuhito Terao
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/16—Multiple-frequency-changing
    • H03D7/165—Multiple-frequency-changing at least two frequency changers being located in different paths, e.g. in two paths with carriers in quadrature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/18—Modifications of frequency-changers for eliminating image frequencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mixer circuit used for receiving high-frequency signal such as broadcasting signal and communication signal, and a high-frequency signal receiver using the mixer circuit.
  • a conventional mixer circuit (hereinafter referred to as image rejection mixer or IRM) for suppressing image interference is described.
  • Fig. 16 shows a conventional IRM.
  • the conventional IRM comprises input terminal 1101 to which high-frequency signal is inputted; mixer 1103 of which the high-frequency signal inputted to the input terminal 1101 is supplied to one input and the output signal of oscillator 1102 is supplied to the other input; output terminal 1107 to which the output from the mixer 1103 is supplied; mixer 1105 of which the high-frequency signal inputted to the input terminal 1101 is supplied to one input; oscillator phase shifter 1104 which is connected between the other input of the mixer 1105 and the output of the oscillator 1102 and also serves to shift the phase of the other input of the mixer 1103 by - ⁇ /2 radian; intermediate frequency phase sifter 1106 which is connected between the output of the mixer 1105 and the output terminal 1107 and serves to shift the output of the mixer 1105 by -3 ⁇ /2 radian in phase.
  • the operation of the mixer circuit configured as described above is set so that the phase difference at the output of the mixer 1105 becomes - ⁇ /2 radian as against the phase at the output of the mixer 1103. Further, since the intermediate frequency phase shifter 1106 with phase shift of -3 ⁇ /2 raidan is inserted in the output of the mixer 1105, it is possible to allow the desired signal pass and to cancel the image interfering signal.
  • phase is a problem of greater concern rather than the amplitude because signals from the output terminal 1107 are outputted with two signals added or suppressed.
  • the amplitude is 1 with respect to each of desired signal Vd being the input signal, image interfering signal Vi, interfering signal (hereafter Vm1) being at a lower side apart by IF (frequency of intermediate frequency signal) as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 1102, and interfering signal (hereafter Vm2) being at an upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 1102.
  • the amplitude of fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 1102 is 1.
  • the amplitude is 1 with respect to each of tertiary higher harmonic component VL3a generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 1103 receiving the fundamental component VL from the oscillator 1102 and tertiary higher harmonic component VL3b generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 1105 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 1102 via the oscillator phase shifter 1104.
  • the tertiary higher harmonic component VL3a and tertiary higher harmonic component VL3b are actually lower in amplitude as against the fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 1102, but the amplitude is to be 1 for simplifying the description.
  • Desired signal Vd is represented by formula 1.
  • angular frequency is ⁇ 1
  • time is t
  • phase angle is - ⁇ 1 .
  • Vd sin ( ⁇ 1 t - ⁇ 1 )
  • image interfering signal Vi is represented by formula 2.
  • angular frequency is ⁇ 3
  • phase angle is - ⁇ 3 .
  • Vi sin( ⁇ 3 t - ⁇ 3 )
  • fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 1102 is represented by formula 3.
  • angular frequency is ⁇ 2
  • phase angle is - ⁇ 2 .
  • VL sin( ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 2 )
  • the desired signal Vd and image interfering signal Vi are respectively divided into two signals to be inputted to one input 1103a of the mixer 1103, and in case the fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 1102 is inputted to the other terminal 103b of the mixer 1103, signal V (1103c) outputted from the output 1103c of the mixer 1103 is a signal represented by formula 4.
  • signal V (1105c) that is IF signal component (intermediate frequency component) from output 1105c of the mixer 1105 can be represented by formula 5.
  • the signal V (1105c) is phase-shifted by -3 ⁇ /2 radian by the intermediate frequency phase shifter 1106, the signal V (1106a) of the output 1106a of the intermediate frequency phase shifter 1106 can be represented by formula 6.
  • V (1103c) and V (1106a) are compounded at the output terminal 107, the IF signal component of V (1107) represented by formula 7 is outputted from the output terminal 1107.
  • V (1103c) and the first term of V (1106a) which are the IF components of desired signal Vd are compounded twofold because of being coincident in phase with each other. Consequently, the IF component of desired signal Vd shown in formula 7 is outputted from the output terminal 1107.
  • V (1103c) and the second term of V (1106a) which are the IF components of image interfering signal Vi are canceled because of being in ⁇ radian relation in phase with each other. Consequently, the IF component of image interfering signal Vi is not outputted from the output terminal 1107.
  • Fig. 17 is a chart showing the phases of the desired signal and image interfering signal in the above conventional mixer circuit.
  • Fig. 17 shows the phases with respect to the desired signal and image interfering signal in the mixer 1103 and the mixer 1105, and their amplitudes are not represented. Further, the desired signal is shown by solid lines, and the image interfering signal is shown by dotted lines.
  • the desired signal Vd inputted to one input 1103a of the mixer 1103 is signal 1131
  • the image interfering signal Vi is signal 1132
  • the phases of both signals are 0 radian in the representation.
  • signal 1133 inputted to the other input 1103b of the mixer 1103 can be same in phase in the representation.
  • the desired signal 1134 outputted as IF signal component from the output 1103c of the mixer 1103 becomes 0 radian in phase
  • the image interfering signal 1135 outputted as IF signal component also becomes 0 radian in phase.
  • the desired signal Vd to one input 1105a of the mixer 1105 is signal 1136
  • the image interfering signal Vi is signal 1137, same as the signal 1131 of desired signal Vd inputted to the mixer 1103 and the signal 1132 of image interfering signal Vi.
  • the signal 1138 is inputted to the other input 1105b of the mixer 1105 via the oscillator phase shifter 1104, it is represented as a signal phase-shifted by - ⁇ /2 radian as against the output signal of oscillator 1102.
  • the desired signal 1139 outputted as IF signal component from the output 1105c of the mixer 1105 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /2 radian.
  • the image interfering signal 1140 outputted as IF signal component from the output 1105c of the mixer 1105 is phase-shifted by ⁇ /2 radian.
  • the output 1106a is phase-shifted by -3 ⁇ /2 radian by the intermediate frequency phase shifter 1106, the desired signal 1141 and the image interfering signal 1142 can be represented as shown in Fig. 17.
  • the desired signal outputted as IF signal component from the output terminal 1107 is a composite signal of the desired signal 1134 outputted from the mixer 1103 and the desired signal 1141 outputted from the mixer 1105. These desired signals 1134 and 1141 being coincident in phase with each other are doubled to become the desired signal 1143.
  • the image interfering signal outputted as IF signal component from the output terminal 1107 is a composite signal of the image interfering signal 1135 outputted from the mixer 1103 and the image interfering signal 1142 outputted from the mixer 1105.
  • the image interfering signals 1135 and 1142 are in ⁇ radian relation in phase difference and canceled to become 0. Accordingly, no image interfering signal is outputted. This coincides with the aforementioned formula 7.
  • the desired signal is allowed to pass, but the image interfering signal is canceled and not outputted.
  • a conventional mixer circuit that may prevent image interference is disclosed in Japanese Laid-open Patent S52-132710.
  • Interfering signal Vm1 being at a lower side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 1102 is represented by formula 8.
  • the angular frequency is ⁇ 4
  • the phase is - ⁇ 4 .
  • Vm1 sin( ⁇ 4 t - ⁇ 4 )
  • interfering signal Vm2 being at an upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 1102 is represented by formula 9.
  • the angular frequency is ⁇ 5
  • the phase is - ⁇ 5 .
  • Vm2 sin( ⁇ 5 t - ⁇ 5 )
  • VL3a that is the tertiary higher harmonic component. generated by a limiter circuit in the mixer 1103 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 1102 can be represented by formula 10.
  • VL3a sin(3 ⁇ 2 t - 3 ⁇ 2 )
  • VL3b that is the tertiary higher harmonic component generated by a limiter circuit in the mixer 1105 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 1102 via the oscillator phase shifter 1104 can be represented by formula 11.
  • VL3b sin (3 ⁇ 2 t - 3 ⁇ 2 - 3 ⁇ /2)
  • Interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 are respectively divided into two signals and inputted to one terminal 1103a of the mixer 1103.
  • the equivalent of this is that tertiary higher harmonic component VL3a is inputted to the other input 1103b of the mixer 1103. Therefore, V (1103c) outputted as IF component from the output 1103c of the mixer 1103 is a signal that can be represented by formula 12.
  • V (1105c) outputted as IF component from the output 1105c of the mixer 1105 is a signal that can be represented by formula 13.
  • V (1105c) is phase-shifted by -3 ⁇ /2 radian by the oscillator phase shifter 1106, V (1106a) that is the output 1106a of the oscillator phase shifter 1106 can be represented by formula 14.
  • V(1106a) 1/2 ⁇ (1/2 ⁇ cos(3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 4 t + ⁇ 4 - 3 ⁇ 2 - ⁇ ) + 1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 5 t - 3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 5 + 3 ⁇ 2 ) )
  • V (1107) outputted from the output terminal 1107 is a composite signal of V (1103c) and V (1106a), and can be represented by formula 15.
  • V (1103c) and the first term of V (1106a) which are the IF components of interfering signal Vm1 are in ⁇ radian relation in phase with each other and canceled. Consequently, the IF component of interfering signal Vm1 is not outputted from the output terminal 1107.
  • V (1103c) and the second term of V (1106a) which are the IF components of interfering signal Vm2 are coincident in phase with each other and compounded twofold to be outputted from the output terminal 1107. That is, interfering signal Vm2 being at an upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times the fundamental frequency from the mixer 1102 is outputted as an interfering signal.
  • Fig. 18 is a diagram showing the phases of interfering signals related to a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator in a conventional mixer circuit.
  • Fig. 18 shows the phases of interfering signals being at a lower or upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 1102 at each portion of the mixer 1103 and mixer 1105, and includes no representation about the amplitudes.
  • interfering signal Vm1 is shown by solid lines
  • interfering signal Vm2 is shown by dotted lines.
  • interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 are signal 1171 and signal 1172 respectively.
  • the signal 1171, interfering signal Vm1, and the signal 1172, interfering signal Vm2, are inputted to one terminal 1103a of the mixer 1103.
  • tertiary higher harmonic component VL3a generated in the mixer 1103 can be represented by signal 1173 from the formula 10.
  • the IF components of interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 outputted from the output 1103c of the mixer 1103, as is obvious in the formula 12, can be represented by signal 1174 and signal 1175 respectively.
  • the interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 inputted to one input 1105a of the mixer 1105 are represented by signal 1176 and signal 1177 respectively.
  • the signal 1176 is inputted as same signal as signal 1171
  • the signal 1177 is inputted as same signal as signal 1172.
  • the fundamental output component of the oscillator 1102 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /2 radian by the oscillator phase shifter 1104 before being inputted to the other input of the mixer 1105.
  • VL3b that is the tertiary higher harmonic component generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 1105 can be represented by signal 1178 from the formula 11.
  • the IF components of interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 outputted from the output 1105c of the mixer 1105 can be respectively represented by signal 1179 and signal 1180 from the formula 13.
  • the IF components of interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 from the output 1105c are phase-shifted by -3 ⁇ /2 radian at the oscillator phase shifter 1106. Accordingly, at the output 1106a, the components become signal 1181 and signal 1182 respectively from the formula 14.
  • the IF component of interfering signal Vm1 outputted from the output terminal 1107 is a composite signal of signal 1174 and signal 1181. Since the signal 1174 and signal 1181 are in ⁇ radian relation in phase with each other, the interfering signal Vm1 is canceled and not outputted.
  • the IF component of interfering signal Vm2 outputted from the output terminal 1107 is a composite signal of signal 1175 and signal 1182.
  • the signals 1175 and 1182 are coincident in phase with each other, the signals are added to become signal 1183 and outputted. This coincides with the calculation result of the formula 15.
  • the output signal from the oscillator 1102 is inputted to the other inputs of the mixers 1103 and 1105, but the input amplitude from the oscillator 1102 for enhancing the fundamental frequency performance of the mixers 1103 and 1105 is sufficiently raised by amplifiers in the mixers 1103 and 1105 before using. Or, the input signal from the oscillator 1102 is changed to a rectangular wave signal by the limiter circuit. The rectangular wave signal is used for switching the received signal as the operation of a mixer.
  • the amplitude of tertiary higher harmonic component or quinary higher harmonic component close to the fundamental output component of the oscillator 1102 is relatively high, if there exists an interfering signal in a frequency being at an upper side or lower side apart by IF as against the higher harmonic component, the signal reception is affected and it becomes unable to receive the signal because of interference.
  • Table 1 shows whether interfering signals related to higher harmonic components generated by the fundamental output component of the oscillator 1102 can be prevented or not at a conventional IRM.
  • n representing the multiple of the fundamental frequency of oscillator 1102
  • (fundamental - IF) stands for desired signal
  • (fundamental + IF) stands for image interfering signal. It shows that it is effective to suppress the image interfering signal.
  • a mixer circuit comprising at least:
  • a high-frequency signal receiver comprising at least:
  • the present invention is intended to solve the problem of prior art and to provide a mixer circuit (hereinafter referred to as HRM, abbreviation of harmonic rejection mixer) which may suppress image signal, interfering signal being at a lower side or upper side apart by IF (intermediate frequency) as against a frequency of higher harmonics of the fundamental frequency from a mixer.
  • HRM abbreviation of harmonic rejection mixer
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the mixer circuit of this exemplary embodiment comprises input terminal 1 to which high-frequency signal is inputted; first mixer 3 (hereafter called mixer 3) of which the high-frequency signal inputted to the input terminal 1 is connected to one of the inputs and the output signal of oscillator 2 is connected to the other input; output terminal 10 to which the output from the mixer 3 is connected; second mixer 5 (hereafter called mixer 5) of which the high-frequency signal inputted to the input terminal 1 is connected to one of the inputs; first oscillator phase shifter 4 (hereafter called oscillator phase shifter 4) which is connected between the other input of mixer 5 and the output of oscillator 2 and serves to shift the phase of the output signal of oscillator 2 by - ⁇ /3 radian as against the phase of the other input of mixer 3; first intermediate frequency phase shifter 8 (hereafter called intermediate frequency phase shifter 8) which is connected between the output of mixer 5 and the output terminal 10 and serves to shift the phase by -5 ⁇ /3 radian as against the output of mixer 3; third mixer
  • the oscillator 2 is able to continuously vary the oscillation frequency nearly in a range from about 100MHz to about 1000MHz.
  • the other inputs of mixer 3, mixer 5 and mixer 7 are provided with an amplifier of high amplification degree or a limiter circuit. The purpose of this is to reliably mix the input signal from input terminal 1, output signal from mixer 2 in the form of rectangular waves.
  • the oscillator phase shifter 4 and oscillator phase shifter 6 serve to shift the phase of the output signal from the oscillator 2, and it is possible to use a highly accurate flip-flop system or to use a poly-phase system which can be inexpensively configured with only capacitors and resistors.
  • intermediate frequency phase shifter 8 and intermediate frequency phase shifter 9 serve to shift the phases of the outputs from the mixer 5 and the mixer 7 respectively.
  • phase-shifted is IF signal of predetermined signal frequency band from mixer 5 and mixer 7, and therefore, an inexpensive poly-phase system is often employed for the intermediate frequency phase shifter 8 and the intermediate frequency phase shifter 9.
  • a flip-flop system is employed.
  • the output from the mixer is phase-shifted by a poly-phase filter that is an inexpensive part including only capacitor and resistor, and it is possible to cope with broad-band receive frequency width of high accuracy and to make the mixer excellent in cost performance as a whole.
  • the amplitude is 1 with respect to each of desired signal Vd that is an input signal, image interfering signal Vi, interfering signal (hereafter called Vm1) being at a lower side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from oscillator 2, and interfering signal (hereafter called Vm2) being at an upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from oscillator 2.
  • the amplitude of fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 2 is 1.
  • the tertiary higher harmonic component VL3a generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 3 receiving the fundamental component VL from the oscillator 2 tertiary higher harmonic component VL3b generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 5 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 2 via the oscillator phase shifter 4, and tertiary higher harmonic component VL3c generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 7 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 2 via the oscillator phase shifter 6 are actually lower in amplitude as against the fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 2, but the amplitude is to be 1 for simplifying the description.
  • Desired signal Vd is represented by formula 16.
  • angular frequency is ⁇ 1
  • time is t
  • phase angle is - ⁇ 1 .
  • Vd sin( ⁇ 1 t - ⁇ 1 )
  • image interfering signal Vi is represented by formula 17.
  • angular frequency is ⁇ 3
  • phase angle is - ⁇ 3 .
  • Vi sin( ⁇ 3 t - ⁇ 3 )
  • fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 2 is represented by formula 18.
  • angular frequency is ( ⁇ 2 , and phase angle is - ⁇ 2 .
  • VL sin( ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 2 )
  • the desired signal Vd and image interfering signal Vi are respectively divided into three signals to be inputted to one input 3a of the mixer 3, and the fundamental output component VL of the oscillator 2 is inputted to the other input 3b of the mixer 3, and signal V (3c) outputted from the output 3c of the mixer 3 can be represented by formula 19.
  • signal V (5c) being IF signal component from output 5c of the mixer 5 can be represented by formula 20.
  • V (8a) that is IF component of output 8a of the intermediate frequency phase shifter 8 can be represented by formula 21.
  • V(8a) 1/3 ⁇ (1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 1 t + ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 2 ) + 1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 3 t - ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 3 + ⁇ 2 - 4 ⁇ /3))
  • V (7c) that is IF component outputted from output 7c of the mixer 7 can be represented by formula 22.
  • V (9a) of the output 9a of the intermediate frequency phase shifter 9 can be represented by formula 23.
  • V(9a) 1/3 ⁇ (1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 1 t + ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 2 ) + 1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 3 t - ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 3 + ⁇ 2 - 2 ⁇ /3))
  • V (10) that is IF component outputted from output terminal 10 is a composite of three signals V (3c), V (8a) and V (9a), which can be represented by formula 24.
  • the first term of V (3c), the first term of V (8a), and first term of V (9a) which are the IF components of desired signal Vd are compounded threefold because of being coincident in phase with each other. Consequently, the IF component of desired signal Vd shown in formula 24 is outputted from the output terminal 10.
  • Fig. 2 is a chart showing the phases of desired signal and image interfering signal at the mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention. Also, Fig. 2 shows the phases of desired signal and image interfering signal at each part of the mixers 3, 5, 7, and the amplitudes are not represented.
  • the desired signal is shown by solid lines
  • the image interfering signal is shown by dotted lines.
  • the phases of both desired signal 31 and image interfering signal 32 inputted to one input 3a of the mixer 3 are 0 radian.
  • the phase of signal 33 of oscillator 2 inputted to the other input 3b of the mixer 3 can be represented as 0 radian.
  • the desired signal 34 outputted as IF component from the output 3c of the mixer 3 becomes 0 radian in phase.
  • the image interfering signal 35 becomes 0 radian in phase.
  • both of desired signal 36 and image interfering signal 37 inputted to one input 5a of the mixer 5 are 0 radian, same as the desired signal 31 and the image interfering signal 32 at the mixer 3.
  • Signal 38 from the oscillator phase shifter 4 inputted to the other input 5b of the mixer 5 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /3 radian as against the oscillator 2.
  • the desired signal 39 outputted as IF component from the output 5c of mixer 5 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /3 radian, while the image interfering signal 40 is phase-shifted by ⁇ /3 radian.
  • these signals are phase-shifted by -5 ⁇ /3 radian by the intermediate frequency phase shifter 8. Accordingly, from the formula 21, desired signal 41 and image interfering signal 42 at output 8a can be represented as in Fig. 2.
  • both of desired signal 43 and image interfering signal 44 inputted to one input 7a of the mixer 7 are 0 radian in phase, same as the desired signal 31 and the image interfering signal 32 at the mixer 3.
  • Signal 45 inputted to the other input 7b of the mixer 7 via the oscillator phase shifter 6 is phase-shifted by -2 ⁇ /3 radian as against the phase of oscillator 2.
  • the desired signal 46 outputted as IF component from the output 7c of the mixer 7 is phase-shifted by -2 ⁇ /3 radian.
  • image interfering signal 47 is phase-shifted by 2 ⁇ /3 radian.
  • these signals are phase-shifted by -4 ⁇ /3 radian by the intermediate frequency phase shifter 9. Accordingly, from the formula 23, the desired signal 48 and the image interfering signal 49 at output 9a can be represented as in Fig. 2.
  • desired signal 50 outputted as IF component from output terminal 10 is a composite signal of desired signals 34, 41 and 48.
  • the signal is three times the amplitude of each desired signal because of being coincident in phase with each other.
  • the image interfering signal outputted as IF component from output terminal 10 is a composite signal of image interfering signals 35, 42 and 49.
  • the signal is canceled and not outputted because of being in equal interval relation of 2 ⁇ /3 each in phase with each other. This coincides with the result of calculation in the formula 24.
  • the interfering signal Vm1 is represented by formula 25.
  • the angular frequency is ⁇ 4
  • the phase angle is - ⁇ 4 .
  • Vm1 sin( ⁇ 4 t - ⁇ 4 )
  • the interfering signal Vm2 is represented by formula 26.
  • the angular frequency is ⁇ 5
  • the phase angle is - ⁇ 5 .
  • Vm2 sin( ⁇ 5 t - ⁇ 5 )
  • VL3a that is the tertiary higher harmonic component generated by a limiter circuit in the mixer 3 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 2 is represented by formula 27.
  • VL3a sin(3 ⁇ 2 t - 3 ⁇ 2 )
  • VL3b that is the tertiary higher harmonic component generated by a limiter circuit in the mixer 5 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 2 via the oscillator phase shifter 4 is represented by formula 28.
  • VL3b sin(3 ⁇ 2 t - 3 ⁇ 2 - 3 ⁇ /3)
  • VL3c that is the tertiary higher harmonic component generated by a limiter circuit in the mixer 7 receiving the fundamental output component from the oscillator 2 via the oscillator phase shifter 6 is represented by formula 29.
  • VL3c sin(3 ⁇ 2 t - 3 ⁇ 2 - 6 ⁇ /3)
  • V(3c) 1/3 ⁇ (Vm1 + Vm2)
  • VL3a 1/3 ⁇ (1/2 ⁇ cos(3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 4 t + ⁇ 4 - 3 ⁇ 2 ) + 1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 5 t - 3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 5 + 3 ⁇ 2 ))
  • V (5c) outputted as IF component from the output 5c of mixer 5 can be represented by formula 31.
  • V (8a) that is the output 8a of the intermediate frequency phase shifter 8 can be represented by formula 32.
  • V(8a) 1/3 ⁇ (1/2 ⁇ cos(3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 4 t + ⁇ 4 - 3 ⁇ 2 - 2 ⁇ /3) + 1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 5 t - 3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 5 + 3 ⁇ 2 - 2 ⁇ /3))
  • V (9a) that is the output 9a of the intermediate frequency phase shifter 9 can be represented by formula 34.
  • V(9a) 1/3 ⁇ (1/2 ⁇ cos(3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 4 t + ⁇ 4 - 3 ⁇ 2 - 4 ⁇ /3) + 1/2 ⁇ cos( ⁇ 5 t - 3 ⁇ 2 t - ⁇ 5 + 3 ⁇ 2 - 2 ⁇ /3)
  • V (10) as IF component outputted from the output terminal 10 is a composite of V (3c), V (8a) and V (9a), which can be represented by formula 35.
  • the first term of V (3c), the first term of V (8a) and the first term of V (9a) which are the IF components of interfering signal Vm1 are in 2 ⁇ /3 radian relation in phase with each other and canceled.
  • the second term of V (3c), the second term of V (8a), and the second term of V (9a) which are the IF components of interfering signal Vm2 are canceled because of being in 2 ⁇ /3 radian relation in phase with each other. Namely, the IF component of interfering signal Vm2 is not outputted from the output terminal 10.
  • Fig. 3 is a chart showing the phase of interfering signal related to a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 2 at the mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows the phase of interfering signal at a lower side or upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 2 at each part of the mixers 3, 5, 7, and the amplitudes are not represented.
  • the interfering signal Vm1 is shown by solid lines, and the signal of Vm2 is shown by dotted lines.
  • the interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 inputted to one input 3a of the mixer 3 are respectively represented by signal 71 and signal 72. Also, from the formula 27, the signal outputted from the oscillator 2, the tertiary higher harmonic component VL3a generated in the mixer 3 is represented by formula 73. Further, the IF components of interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 from the output 3c of mixer 3 can be represented by signal 74 and signal 75 respectively as is obvious in the formula 30.
  • interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 inputted to one input 5a of the mixer 5 are respectively represented by signal 76 and signal 77.
  • the fundamental output component of oscillator 2 is inputted to the other input of the mixer 5 after being phase-shifted by - ⁇ /3 radian by the oscillator phase shifter 4.
  • VL3b that is the tertiary higher harmonic component generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 5 can be represented by signal 78.
  • the IF components of interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 from the output 5c of the mixer 5 can be represented by signal 79 and signal 80 as is apparent in the formula 31.
  • the IF components of interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 from the output 5c are phase-shifted by -5 ⁇ /3 radian at the intermediate frequency phase shifter 8. Accordingly, at the output 8a, the signals are respectively represented by signal 81 and signal 82 as is apparent from the formula 32.
  • interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 inputted to one input 7a of the mixer 7 are respectively represented by signal 83 and signal 84.
  • the fundamental output component of oscillator 2 is inputted to the other input 7b of the mixer 7 after being phase-shifted by -2 ⁇ /3 radian by the oscillator phase shifter 6.
  • VL3c that is the tertiary higher harmonic component generated by the limiter circuit in the mixer 7 can be represented by signal 85.
  • interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 from the output 7c of the mixer 7 can be represented by signal 86 and signal 87 respectively as is obvious from the formula 33.
  • the IF components of interfering signals Vm1 and Vm2 from the output 7c are phase-shifted by -4 ⁇ /3 radian at the intermediate frequency phase shifter 9. Accordingly, at the output 9a, the signals can be represented by signal 88 and signal 89 respectively as is apparent from the formula 34.
  • the IF component of interfering signal Vm1 outputted from the output terminal 10 is a composite signal of signal 74, signal 81 and signal 88.
  • the signal 74, signal 81, and signal 88 are in equal interval relation of 2 ⁇ /3 each in phase with each other, these signals are canceled and not outputted from the output terminal 10.
  • the IF component of interfering signal Vm2 outputted from the output terminal 10 is a composite signal of signal 75, signal 82 and signal 89.
  • the signal 75, signal 82, and signal 89 are in equal interval relation of 2 ⁇ /3 each in phase with each other, these signals are canceled and not outputted. This coincides with the result of calculation in the formula 35.
  • the output signal from oscillator 2 is inputted to the other input of mixers 3, 5, 7. Then, in order to enhance the basic performance of the mixer, the output amplitude from the oscillator 2 is sufficiently raised by the amplifier in the mixers 3, 5, 7. Or, it is used as a mixer by switching the receive signal after sufficiently raising the amplitude by the amplifier in the mixer, for example, after changing it to rectangular wave signal by a limiter circuit.
  • higher harmonic component is generated by an amplifier or limiter circuit in the mixers 3, 5, 7 at the later stage.
  • the amplitude of even higher harmonic component is relatively low, but the amplitude of odd higher harmonic component is high in particular.
  • the tertiary higher harmonic component close to the fundamental component of oscillator 2 or quinary higher harmonic component is outputted at a high amplitude. If there exists an interfering signal in a frequency being at a lower side or upper side apart by IF as against the higher harmonic component, the signal reception will be affected and it may sometimes become unable to receive the signal.
  • Fig. 15 shows the relationship between broadcasting channels in North America and interfering signals related to higher harmonic frequencies of oscillators.
  • horizontal axis 1217 stands for frequency axis
  • vertical axis 1218 stands for the amplitude of signal.
  • Frequency allocation 1219 stands for the broadcasting channel of television or CATV in North America, and the broadcasting is executed by using frequency range of about 50MHz to about 900MHz. For example, suppose signal 1202, channel 2 belonging to a frequency bandwidth called "VLow,” is received, then the fundamental frequency 1203 of oscillator 2 is approximately 100MHz. Signal 1202 is a desired signal inputted to the input terminal 1, and its frequency is approximately 55MHz. Signal 1208 is outputted as an image interfering signal against signal 1202 that is a desired signal, and signal 1201 is IF signal outputted to the output terminal 10.
  • a frequency component two times higher than the fundamental frequency 1203 is signal 1204, a frequency component three times higher is signal 1205, a frequency component four times higher is signal 1206, and a frequency component five times higher is signal 1207.
  • a signal of a frequency lower by IF than the frequency component 1204 of two times higher is signal 1209
  • a signal of a frequency higher by IF than the frequency component 1204 of two times higher is signal 1210
  • a signal of a frequency lower by IF than the frequency component 1205 of three times higher is signal 1211
  • a signal of a frequency higher by IF than the frequency component 1205 of three times higher is signal 1212
  • a signal of a frequency lower by IF than the frequency component 1206 of four times higher is signal 1213
  • a signal of a frequency higher by IF than the frequency component 1206 of four times higher is signal 1214
  • a signal of a frequency lower by IF than the frequency component 1207 of five times higher is signal 1215
  • the frequencies of signal 1211, signal 1212, signal 1215, etc. are frequencies within the frequency band of CATV channel.
  • signal 1216 is a frequency within the frequency band of UHF channel. That is, each of the broadcasting signal existing in CATV channel and the broadcasting signal existing in UHF channel is an interfering signal. That is, when a channel of low frequency is received, it represents that the broadcasting channel existing in a frequency higher than the receiving channel becomes an interfering signal, and it results in a combination such that the lower the frequency of the channel received, the interfering signal is more increased.
  • the exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is HRM of which the numeral "M” equivalent to the number of mixers is 3.
  • Table 2 shows the fundamental output component of oscillator 2 when "M" is 3 and whether or not the interfering signal related to the higher harmonic component can be suppressed.
  • ⁇ shows that it is not effective to suppress.
  • the frequency of interfering signal related to the higher harmonic component of the fundamental output component of the oscillator 2 can be raised about 200MHz higher as compared with the conventional example. Therefore, the filter attenuation characteristic of the input circuit connected to the input of the mixer circuit can be relieved and it is possible to further reduce the size and cost as a high-frequency receiver.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • filter 11 is directly inserted in the output of oscillator 2 in the exemplary embodiment 2. This point differs from the configuration of the exemplary embodiment 1.
  • the filter 11 is a band-pass filter or a low-pass filter which allows only the fundamental frequency of the oscillator 2 to pass.
  • tertiary higher harmonic component VL3b generated by a limiter circuit in the mixer 5 after the fundamental output component, output from oscillator 2, passes through the oscillator phase shifter 4 is the formula 28.
  • the tertiary higher harmonic component of the oscillator 2 itself is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /3 by the oscillator phase shifter 4 and becomes signal VL3bb as shown in formula 36
  • VL3bb sin(3 ⁇ 2 t - 3 ⁇ 2 - ⁇ /3)
  • the signal VL3bb differs in phase from VL3b, and cannot be canceled with respect to interfering signal at a lower side or upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 2. This holds true for a frequency component of over three times higher, and the signal cannot be canceled.
  • the filter 11 is inserted in the output of the oscillator 2. In this way, since a signal with higher harmonic component of oscillator 2 suppressed can be supplied to the other input of mixers 3, 5, 7, it is possible to suppress the interference more reliably.
  • a signal with tertiary or more higher harmonic component of the oscillator suppressed can be supplied to the other input of the first, second, and third mixers. Accordingly, interfering signal at a lower side or upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times the fundamental frequency from the oscillator can be reliably suppressed.
  • the oscillator 2 is also required to be of broad-band in order to receive broad-band signals.
  • the filter 11 is preferable to be a fixed type, variable type, or changeover type that is changed over according to the receiving band.
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the high frequency signal inputted to the input terminal 301 is divided and connected to one inputs of M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312.
  • the outputs of oscillator 302 phase-shifted by -K ⁇ /M radian each by M pieces of oscillator phase shifters 303, 305, 307, 309, 311 are connected to the other inputs of M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312.
  • M is a natural number of 3 or over
  • K is a natural number from 1 to M with 1 added each.
  • M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312 and the output terminal 318 are respectively connected M pieces of intermediate frequency phase shifters 313, 314, 315, 316, 317 with phase-shift amount of -2 ⁇ - (-K ⁇ /M) radian corresponding to the phase-shift amount -K ⁇ /M radian of oscillator phase shifters 303, 305, 307, 309, 311.
  • the basic operation is same as that of the exemplary embodiment 1 having three mixers 3, 5, 7 shown in Fig. 1, but the difference is that M pieces of mixers are used in the exemplary embodiment 3. Due to the difference, it becomes possible to eliminate interfering signal at a lower side or upper side apart by IF each as against a frequency three times or more to 2M - 3 times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 302.
  • the signal When desired signal is first inputted to the input terminal 301, the signal is inputted to one inputs of M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312.
  • the signals of oscillator 302, phase-shifted by -K ⁇ /M radian via M pieces of oscillator phase shifters 303, 305, 307, 309, 311, are respectively inputted to the other inputs of M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312.
  • desired signals phase-shifted to -K ⁇ /M radian are respectively outputted from the outputs of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312.
  • the desired signals phase-shifted to -K ⁇ /M radian are respectively phase-shifted by -2 ⁇ + K ⁇ /M radian by intermediate frequency phase shifters 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, and as a result, the phase ⁇ d of desired signal at output terminal 318 becomes as shown in formula 37. Accordingly, these coincide in phase with each other because of -2 ⁇ radian, that is, 0 radian of phase shift.
  • the IF component of desired signal is multiplied by M and outputted from the output terminal 318.
  • image interfering signal phase-shifted by + K ⁇ /M radian is outputted from the output of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312 since the frequency of image interfering signal is higher than the frequency of oscillator 302.
  • the image interfering signals phase-shifted by + K ⁇ /M radian are respectively phase-shifted by -2 ⁇ + K ⁇ /M radian by M pieces of intermediate frequency phase shifters 313, 314, 315, 316, 317. Accordingly, all of phases ⁇ i of image interfering signal at the output terminal 318 become as shown in formula 38 as a result.
  • the signals are inputted to one respective inputs of M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312.
  • To the other inputs of M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312 are inputted signals phase-shifted by -K ⁇ /M radian by M pieces of oscillator phase shifters 303, 305, 307, 309, 311.
  • limiter circuits in the mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312 generate n-th higher harmonic components of -K ⁇ n/M radian.
  • interfering signals at an upper side or lower side apart by IF as against a frequency n times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 302 are respectively phase-shifted by K ⁇ n/M radian and -K ⁇ n/M radian and outputted from the outputs of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312.
  • the signals phase-shifted by K ⁇ n/M radian and -K ⁇ n/M radian are respectively phase-shifted by -2 ⁇ + K ⁇ /M radian by intermediate frequency phase shifters 313, 314, 315, 316, 317. Consequently, phase ⁇ m1 of spurious signal from the output terminal 318 due to interfering signal at a lower side apart by IF as against a frequency n times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 302 becomes as shown in formula 39.
  • phase ⁇ m2 of spurious signal from the output terminal 318 due to interfering signal at an upper side apart by IF from a frequency n times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 302 becomes as shown in formula 40.
  • phase ⁇ m1 is K ⁇ 4/5 radian, meaning that there exist five signals with a phase of 4 ⁇ radian divided into five phases.
  • phase ⁇ m2 becomes K ⁇ 6/5 radian, meaning that there exist five signals with a phase of 6 ⁇ radian divided into five phases. Accordingly, these are subjected to phase canceling.
  • Table 3 shows degrees of suppression against interfering signals related to higher harmonic component generated due to the fundamental output component of the oscillator 302 with respect to HRM whose M is 5 in the exemplary embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Table 4 shows degrees of suppression against interfering signals related to higher harmonic component generated due to the fundamental output component of the oscillator 302 with respect to multiple-stage HRM whose number of mixers is M in the exemplary embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the mixer 302 and oscillator phase shifters 303, 305, 307, 309, 311 in same package.
  • the variations among oscillator phase shifters can be suppressed by integrating at least the mixer and oscillator phase shifters in same package. This is also appropriate for size reduction.
  • the exemplary embodiment 3 it is possible to integrate at least mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312 and oscillator phase shifters 303, 305, 307, 309, 311 and intermediate frequency phase shifters 312, 314, 315, 316, 317 in same package.
  • the variations among oscillator phase shifters and intermediate frequency phase shifters can be suppressed by integrating at least the mixer and oscillator phase shifters and intermediate frequency phase shifters in same package. This is also appropriate for size reduction.
  • Fig. 6 shows a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • filter 319 is directly inserted in the output of oscillator 302. This point differs from the configuration of the exemplary embodiment 3. Those same as in the exemplary embodiment 3 are given same reference numerals for simplifying the description.
  • the filter 319 is a band-pass filter or a low-pass filter which allows only the fundamental frequency of the oscillator 302 to pass.
  • the filter 319 is inserted in the output of the oscillator 302. In this way, since a signal with higher harmonic component of oscillator 302 suppressed can be supplied to the other input of M pieces of mixers 304, 306, 308, 310, 312. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the spurious component more reliably.
  • the oscillator 302 is required to be of broad-band in order to receive broad-band signals, and in oscillation at broad-band frequencies, the higher harmonic component is to be higher in amplitude, and it is effective to insert the filter 319 for the purpose of improvement.
  • the filter 319 is preferable to be a fixed type, variable type, or changeover type that is changed over according to the receiving band.
  • the higher harmonic component outputted from the oscillator can be suppressed by the filter, and signal with higher harmonic component of the oscillator suppressed can be supplied to the all other inputs of the first to M-th mixers. Accordingly, it is able to more reliably suppress the interference due to interfering signal at a lower side and upper side apart by IF as against all frequencies 3 times to 2M - 3 times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator.
  • Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 the difference shown is such that the M-th oscillator phase shifter 311 and the M-th intermediate frequency phase shifter 317 in the exemplary embodiment 4 are excluded in the exemplary embodiment 5. Those same as in the exemplary embodiment 4 are given same reference numerals, and the description is omitted.
  • Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • the mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 6 comprises the second mixer circuit 618 (hereafter called mixer circuit 618) as IRM, and the first mixer circuit 619 (hereafter called mixer circuit 619) as HRM.
  • These mixer circuits 618 and 619 are properly switched by switching means 614, 615 and 616, 617 provided with electronic circuits.
  • the switching signals of the switching means 614, 615, 616, 617 are given externally.
  • the mixer circuit 619 is a type of mixer circuit shown in the exemplary embodiment 1.
  • the mixer circuit 618 as IRM is described.
  • the input terminal 601 is connected to terminal 614a of switching means 614 and one input of the mixer 605.
  • mixer 605 The other input of mixer 605 is directly connected to the oscillator 602. Also, the output of mixer 605 is connected to the output terminal 613 and the terminal 615a of switching means 615.
  • terminal 614b of switching means 614 is connected to one input of the mixer 604, and also the output of oscillator 602 is connected to the other input of the mixer 604 via oscillator phase shifter 603 with phase shift of - ⁇ /2 radian. Also, the output of mixer 604 is connected to the terminal 615b of switching means 615 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 610 with phase shift of -3 ⁇ /2 radian.
  • mixer circuit 619 as HRM is described.
  • the mixer circuit 619 and mixer circuit 618 share the input terminal 601 and output terminal 613 common with the mixer 605 and mixer 602.
  • the input terminal 601 is connected to the input terminal 616a of switching means 616.
  • the terminal 616b of switching means 616 is connected to one input of the mixer 607, and also the output of oscillator 602 is connected to the other input of the mixer 607 via oscillator phase shifter 606 with phase shift of - ⁇ /3 radian.
  • the output of mixer 607 is connected to the terminal 617b of switching means 617 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 611 with phase shift of -5 ⁇ /3 radian.
  • the terminal 617a of switching means 617 is connected to the output terminal 613.
  • terminal 616b of switching means 616 is connected to one input of the mixer 609, and also the output of oscillator 602 is connected to the other input of the mixer 609 via oscillator phase shifter 608 with phase shift of -2 ⁇ /3 radian. Also, the output of mixer 609 is connected to the terminal 617b of switching means 617 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 612 with phase shift of -4 ⁇ /3 radian.
  • the mixer circuit 619 as HRM is selected. Also, with switching means 616, 617 turned OFF and switching means 614, 615 turned ON, the mixer circuit 618 as IRM can be selected.
  • a good signal receiving condition can be obtained by selecting the mixer circuit 619 as HRM of which M is 3. Also, in case there exists only image interfering signal, the mixer circuit 618 as IRM is selected. In this way, proper switching can be done according to the service condition and signal receiving condition, enabling the reduction of power consumed, and the configuration is suited for portable equipment and the like. Also, it is suited for portable equipment and the like because switching can be done according to the place of signal reception.
  • Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • the mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 7 comprises the fourth mixer circuit 717 (hereafter called mixer circuit 717) as IRM, and the third mixer circuit 718 (hereafter called mixer circuit 718) as HRM. These mixer circuits 717 and 718 are properly switched by switching means 714, 715 provided with electronic circuits. The switching signals of the switching means 714, 715 are given externally.
  • the mixer circuit 717 as IRM is described.
  • the input terminal 701 is connected to one input of the mixer 703.
  • the other input of mixer 703 is directly connected to the oscillator 702.
  • the output of mixer 703 is connected to the output terminal 713.
  • the input terminal 701 is connected to one input of the mixer 705, and also the output of oscillator 702 is connected to the other input of the mixer 705 via oscillator phase shifter 704 with phase shift of -2 ⁇ /4 radian. Also, the output of mixer 705 is connected to the output terminal 713 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 710 with phase shift of -6 ⁇ /4 radian.
  • mixer circuit 718 as HRM is described.
  • the mixer circuit 718 shares all the parts common with the mixer 717 as IRM.
  • the input terminal 701 is connected to the input terminal 714a of switching means 714.
  • the terminal 714b of switching means 714 is connected to one input of the mixer 707, and also the output of oscillator 702 is connected to the other input of the mixer 707 via oscillator phase shifter 706 with phase shift of - ⁇ /4 radian.
  • the output of mixer 707 is connected to the terminal 715b of switching means 715 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 711 with phase shift of -7 ⁇ /4 radian.
  • the terminal 715a of switching means 715 is connected to the output terminal 713.
  • terminal 714b of switching means 714 is connected to one input of the mixer 709, and also the output of oscillator 702 is connected to the other input of the mixer 709 via oscillator phase shifter 708 with phase shift of -3 ⁇ /4 radian. Also, the output of mixer 709 is connected to the terminal 715b of switching means 715 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 712 with phase shift of -5 ⁇ /4 radian.
  • the mixer circuit 718 as HRM of which M is 4 is selected. Also, with switching means 714, 715 turned OFF, the mixer circuit 717 as IRM can be selected.
  • the mixer circuit 718 as HRM of which M is 4 can be selected.
  • the mixer circuit 717 as IRM can be selected. There are provided switching means 714, 715 which enable such selection.
  • the mixer circuit is capable of reducing the power consumption and suited for portable equipment and the like.
  • phase shift amounts of oscillator phase shifters 706, 704, 708 are - ⁇ /4 radian, 2 x (- ⁇ /4) radian, and 3 x (- ⁇ /4) radian respectively. That is, since these phase shift amounts are two or three times as against the basic amount of - ⁇ /4 radian, it is easy to design the oscillator phase shifters 706, 704, 708 based upon a flip-flop system.
  • a mixer circuit as HRM of which M is 4 is operated, and in case of interference caused by only image interfering signal, IRM is operated, thereby enabling switching operation.
  • switching can be properly executed according to the signal receiving conditions, and it becomes possible to reduce the power consumption as a result. Also, it is suited for portable equipment and the like because switching can be done according to the place of signal reception.
  • phase shift amounts of oscillator phase shifters are - ⁇ /4 radian, 2 x (- ⁇ /4) radian, and 3 x (- ⁇ /4) radian. That is, since these phase shift amounts are two or three times as against the basic oscillator phase shifter having a phase shift amount of - ⁇ /4 radian, it is easy to design the phase shifters based on a flip-flop system which is used when high phase accuracy is required.
  • Fig. 10 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • the mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 8 comprises the fourth mixer circuit 816 (hereafter called mixer circuit 816) as IRM, the fifth mixer circuit 815 (hereafter called mixer circuit 815) as HRM, and the sixth mixer circuit 817 (hereafter called mixer circuit 817).
  • the mixer circuits 816 and 817 are properly switched by switching means 813, 814 provided with electronic circuits. The switching signals of the switching means 813, 814 are given externally.
  • the mixer circuit 816 as IRM is described.
  • the input terminal 801 is connected to one input of the mixer 803.
  • the other input of mixer 803 is directly connected to the oscillator 802.
  • the output of mixer 803 is connected to the output terminal 812 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 810 having phase shift of - ⁇ /2 radian.
  • the input terminal 801 is connected to one input of the mixer 805, and also the output of oscillator 802 is connected to the other input of the mixer 805 via oscillator phase shifter 804 with phase shift of - ⁇ /2 radian. Also, the output of mixer 805 is directly connected to the output terminal 812.
  • mixer circuit 817 as HRM is described.
  • the mixer circuit 817 shares all the parts common with the mixer 816 and mixer circuit 815 as IRM.
  • the input terminal 801 is connected to the input terminal 813a of switching means 813.
  • the terminal 813b of switching means 813 is connected to one input of the mixer 807.
  • the output of oscillator 802 is connected to the other input of the mixer 807 via oscillator phase shifter 806 with phase shift of - ⁇ /3 radian.
  • the output of mixer 807 is connected to the terminal 814b of switching means 814 via intermediate frequency phase shifter 811 with phase shift of - ⁇ /2 radian.
  • the terminal 814a of switching means 814 is connected to the output terminal 812.
  • terminal 813b of switching means 813 is connected to one input of the mixer 809, and also the output of oscillator 802 is connected to the other input of the mixer 809 via oscillator phase shifter 808 with phase shift of -5 ⁇ /6 radian. Also, the output of mixer 809 is directly connected to the terminal 814b of switching means 814.
  • the mixer circuit 817 as HRM is selected. Also, with both of switching means 813, 814 turned OFF, the mixer circuit 816 as IRM can be selected.
  • Fig. 11 is a chart showing the phases of desired signal and image interfering signal at the mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 8 of the present invention. Also shown are the phases of desired signal and image interfering signal at each part of mixers 803, 805, 807, 809, and the amplitudes are not represented.
  • the desired signal is shown by solid lines, and the image interfering signal is shown by dotted lines.
  • phase calculating expressions are based on same conception as in the formula 16 through formula 35 shown in the exemplary embodiment 1, which will be described by using the drawing.
  • the phases of both desired signal 831 and image interfering signal 832 inputted to one input 803a of the mixer 803 are 0 radian.
  • the phase of signal 833 of oscillator 802 inputted to the other input 803b of the mixer 803 can be represented as 0 radian.
  • the desired signal 834 outputted from the output 803c of the mixer 803 becomes 0 radian in phase.
  • the image interfering signal 835 becomes 0 radian in phase.
  • the desired signal 836 and image interfering signal 837 of output 810a from the intermediate frequency phase shifter 810 can be represented as in Fig. 11.
  • both of desired signal 838 and image interfering signal 839 inputted to one input 805a of the mixer 805 are 0 radian, same as the desired signal 831 and the image interfering signal 832 at the mixer 803.
  • Signal 840 from the oscillator phase shifter 804 inputted to the other input 805b of the mixer 805 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /2 radian as against the oscillator 802. Accordingly, the desired signal 841 from the output 805c of mixer 805 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /2 radian, while the image interfering signal 842 is phase-shifted by + ⁇ /2 radian in the presentation.
  • both of desired signal 843 and image interfering signal 844 inputted to one input 807a of the mixer 807 are 0 radian in phase, same as the desired signal 831 and the image interfering signal 832 at the mixer 803.
  • Signal 845 inputted to the other input 807b of the mixer 807 via the oscillator phase shifter 806 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /3 radian as against the phase of oscillator 802.
  • desired signal 846 from the output 807c of the mixer 807 is phase-shifted by - ⁇ /3 radian
  • image interfering signal 847 is phase-shifted by + ⁇ /3 radian.
  • the desired signal 848 and the image interfering signal 849 at output 811a from the intermediate frequency phase shifter 811 can be represented as in Fig. 11.
  • both of desired signal 850 and image interfering signal 851 inputted to one input 809a of the mixer 809 are 0 radian in phase, same as the desired signal 831 and the image interfering signal 832 at the mixer 803.
  • Signal 852 inputted to the other input 809b of the mixer 809 via the oscillator phase shifter 808 is phase-shifted by -5 ⁇ /6 radian as against the phase of oscillator 802.
  • desired signal 853 from the output 809c of the mixer 809 is phase-shifted by -5 ⁇ /6 radian
  • image interfering signal 854 is phase-shifted by +5 ⁇ /6 radian.
  • the IF component of the desired signal outputted from output terminal 812 is a composite signal of desired signals 836, 841, 848, 853.
  • the desired signals 836, 841 are identical in phase with each other, and compounded to become signal 855.
  • the signals 848, 853 are identical in phase with each other, and compounded to become signal 856.
  • the composite signals 855 and 856 include phase difference of ⁇ /3 from each other, and they are vector-compounded to become signal 857 to be outputted from the output terminal 812.
  • the IF component of the image interfering signal outputted from output terminal 812 is a composite signal of image interfering signals 837, 842, 849, 854.
  • the image interfering signals 837, 842 are signals outputted from the mixer circuit 816 as IRM, which are canceled each other because of having a phase difference of ⁇ radian. That is, these image interfering signal components are not outputted.
  • the image interfering signals 849, 854 are signals outputted from the mixer circuit 815 as IRM, which are canceled each other because of having a phase difference of ⁇ radian. That is, these image interfering signal components are not outputted either. That is, the image interfering signals are not outputted from the output terminal 812.
  • Fig. 12 is a chart showing the phases of interfering signals related to a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from oscillator 802 at the mixer circuit in the exemplary embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 shows the phases of interfering signals at a lower side or upper side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 802 at each part of mixers 803, 805, 807, 809, and the amplitudes are not represented.
  • the phase of signal 873 of oscillator 802 inputted to the other input 803b of the mixer 803 can be represented as 0 radian.
  • both of the interfering signal 874 as interfering signal Vm1 and interfering signal 875 as Vm2 outputted as IF signal components from the output 803c of the mixer 803 become 0 radian in phase.
  • the interfering signal 876 as interfering signal Vm1 and interfering signal 877 as interfering signal Vm2 included in the IF signal components at the output 810a from the intermediate frequency phase shifter 810 can be represented as shown in Fig. 12.
  • both of interfering signal 878 as interfering signal Vm1 and interfering signal 879 as interfering signal Vm2 inputted to one input 805a of the mixer 805 are 0 radian, same as the interfering signal (Vm1) 871 and the interfering signal (Vm2) 872 at the mixer 803.
  • Signal 880 from the oscillator phase shifter 804 inputted to the other input 805b of the mixer 805 is phase-shifted by 3 x (- ⁇ /2) radian as against the oscillator 802.
  • the interfering signal (Vm1) 881 as IF signal component from the output 805c of mixer 805 is phase-shifted by 3 x (- ⁇ /2) radian
  • the interfering signal (Vm2) 882 is phase-shifted by 3 x ( ⁇ /2) radian in the presentation.
  • both of interfering signal 883 as interfering signal Vm1 and interfering signal 884 as interfering signal Vm2 inputted to one input 807a of the mixer 807 are 0 radian in phase, same as the interfering signal 871 (Vm1) and the interfering signal 872 (Vm2) at the mixer 803.
  • Signal 885 inputted to the other input 807b of the mixer 807 via the oscillator phase shifter 806 is phase-shifted by 3 x (- ⁇ /3) radian as against the phase of oscillator 802.
  • interfering signal (Vm1) 886 as IF signal component from the output 807c of the mixer 807 is phase-shifted by 3 x (- ⁇ /3) radian
  • interfering signal (Vm2) 887 is phase-shifted by 3 x ( ⁇ /3) radian.
  • the interfering signal (Vm1) 888 and interfering signal (Vm2) 889 as IF signal components of output 811a from the intermediate frequency phase shifter 811 can be represented as shown in Fig. 12.
  • both of interfering signal 890 as interfering signal Vm1 and interfering signal 891 as interfering signal Vm2 inputted to one input 809a of the mixer 809 are 0 radian in phase, same as the interfering signal (Vm1) 871 and the interfering signal (Vm2) 872 at the mixer 803.
  • Signal 892 inputted to the other input 809b of the mixer 809 via the oscillator phase shifter 808 is phase-shifted by 3 x (- 5 ⁇ /6) radian as against the phase of oscillator 802.
  • interfering signal 893 (Vm1) in the IF signal component from the output 809c of the mixer 809 is phase-shifted by 3 x (- 5 ⁇ /6) radian
  • interfering signal (Vm2) 894 is phase-shifted by 3 x (5 ⁇ /6) radian.
  • the IF component of the interfering signal Vm1 outputted from output terminal 812 is a composite signal of interfering signal 876, interfering signal 881, interfering signal 888, and interfering signal 893.
  • the interfering signal 876 and interfering signal 881 are canceled each other because of having a phase difference of ⁇ radian.
  • the interfering signal 888 and interfering signal 893 are also canceled each other because of having a phase difference of ⁇ radian.
  • the IF component of the interfering signal Vm2 outputted from output terminal 812 is a composite signal of interfering signal 877, interfering signal 882, interfering signal 889, and interfering signal 894.
  • the interfering signal 877 and interfering signal 889 are canceled each other because of having a phase difference of ⁇ radian.
  • the interfering signal 882 and interfering signal 894 are also canceled each other because of having a phase difference of ⁇ radian. That is, the IF signal component of interfering signal Vm2 is not outputted from the output terminal 812.
  • the mixer circuit 817 as HRM when there exist interfering signals at an upper side and lower side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 802, interfering signals at an upper side and lower side apart by IF as against a frequency five times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 802, worsening the signal receiving condition, the mixer circuit 817 as HRM can be selected. Also, when only image interfering signal exists as interfering signal, the mixer circuit 816 as IRM can be selected. The configuration shown in Fig. 10 enables such switching. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the power consumption by properly switching the switching means 813 and switching means 814, and the configuration is suited for portable equipment and the like.
  • the mixer circuit 817 as HRM comprises the mixer circuit 816 as IRM and mixer circuit 815 as IRM.
  • oscillator phase shifters 806, 808 by which the difference in phase shift from oscillator 802 inputted to the other inputs of mixer 807 and mixer 809 in the mixer circuit 815 as against the phase shift amount from oscillator 802 inputted to the other inputs of mixer 803 and mixer 805 in the mixer circuit 816 are respectively given - ⁇ / 3 radian of phase difference. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment 8 using HRM of which M is 4, three intermediate frequency phase shifters of different phase shift amounts are required, but used are two intermediate frequency phase shifters same in phase shift amount as in the exemplary embodiment 1.
  • the number of parts can be reduced and the phase difference at the intermediate frequency phase shifters 810, 811 can be lessened and it is possible to enhance the degree of suppression of interfering signals related to higher harmonic component generated due to the fundamental output component of the oscillator 802.
  • switching can be properly executed according to the signal receiving condition and it is suited for portable equipment and the like because the consumption of power can be reduced.
  • the intermediate frequency phase shifters of the fourth mixer circuit and the fifth mixer circuit can be used, and it is possible to suppress the variations and to enhance the degree of suppression against interference.
  • Fig. 13 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit and a high-frequency receiver in the exemplary embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • the high-frequency receiver of the present exemplary embodiment is configured in that the high-frequency signal inputted to input terminal 901 is inputted to the mixer circuit 904 after signal other than the desired signal is attenuated by pre-filter 902. Also, the output of mixer circuit 904 is connected to the output terminal 905 from which IF signal is outputted.
  • the mixer circuit 904 those in the exemplary embodiment 1 through exemplary embodiment 8 of the present invention are employed.
  • the mixer circuit 904 When the mixer circuit 904 is HRM of which the number of mixers M is 3, it is possible to suppress image interfering signals, interfering signals at an upper side and lower side apart by IF as against a frequency three times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator in the mixer circuit 904, and interfering signals at a lower side apart by IF as against a frequency five times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator 802. Accordingly, the attenuation characteristics of the pre-filter 902 can be relieved, and it is possible to reduce the size and to lower the cost.
  • the mixer circuit 904 in the high-frequency receiver of the present exemplary embodiment is not limited to HRM of which the number of mixers M is 3. It is preferable to use any mixer circuits of the present invention shown in the exemplary embodiment 1 through exemplary embodiment 8.
  • mixer circuit 904 it is possible to employ the mixer circuits mentioned in the exemplary embodiment 3 as mixer circuit 904. In this way, it is possible to cancel interference related to interfering signals at a lower side or upper side apart by IF as against a frequency 3 times to 2M - 3 times higher than the fundamental frequency from the oscillator where M is 3 or over.
  • the attenuation characteristics of the pre-filter can be so much relieved over a wide range of frequency, and it is possible to further reduce the size and to lower the cost.
  • Fig. 14 is a block diagram of a mixer circuit and a high-frequency receiver in the exemplary embodiment 10 of the present invention.
  • the high-frequency receiver of the present exemplary embodiment is configured in that the high-frequency signal inputted to input terminal 1001 is inputted to the mixer circuit 1004 after signal other than the desired signal is attenuated by pre-filter 1002. Also, the output of mixer circuit 1004 is connected to demodulation circuit 1005. The output of the demodulation circuit 1005 is connected to the output terminal 1006. And, demodulated signal is outputted from the output terminal 1006. Further, detection circuit 1007 for detecting signal quality is connected to the output of the demodulation circuit 1005, and switching control circuit 1008 receiving the signal from the detection circuit 1007 functions to control the switching means in the mixer circuit 1004 with the output signal.
  • the switching means in the mixer circuit 1004 is switched by the switching control circuit 1008 from IRM being low in power consumption to HRM being excellent in interference performance, thereby improving the signal receiving condition.
  • an optimum circuit can be selected according to the signal receiving condition.
  • the mixer circuit 1004 used are those shown in the exemplary embodiment 6 through exemplary embodiment 8.
  • the mixer circuits mentioned in the exemplary embodiment 6 it is possible to employ the mixer circuits mentioned in the exemplary embodiment 6 as the mixer circuit 1004.
  • the switching means of the mixer is switched by the switching control circuit 1008 from IRM being low in power consumption to HRM being excellent in interference performance, thereby improving the signal receiving condition.
  • an optimum circuit can be selected according to the signal receiving condition.
  • the mixer circuits mentioned in the exemplary embodiment 7 it is possible to employ the mixer circuits mentioned in the exemplary embodiment 7 as the mixer circuit 1004.
  • an optimum circuit can be selected according to the signal receiving condition.
  • the mixer circuits mentioned in the exemplary embodiment 8 it is possible to employ the mixer circuits mentioned in the exemplary embodiment 8 as the mixer circuit 1004.
  • an optimum circuit can be selected according to the signal receiving condition.
  • the mixer circuit of the present invention it is possible to provide a mixer circuit which can suppress image interfering signal, interfering signal being at an upper side or lower side apart by IF as against higher harmonic frequency of the oscillator. Accordingly, the mixer circuit of the present invention is able to sufficiently suppress interference that is a substantial problem in receiving high-frequency signals. And, when the mixer circuit of the present invention is used in a high-frequency receiver, it is able to maintain good signal receiving condition.
  • the mixer circuit of the present invention is able to suppress interfering signals being at an upper side or lower side apart by IF as against higher harmonic frequency of the oscillator, the attenuation characteristics can be relieved by the pre-filter connected to the input of the mixer. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the size and to lower the cost by using the mixer circuit of the present invention in a high-frequency receiver.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Superheterodyne Receivers (AREA)
EP03027064A 2002-11-26 2003-11-25 Mehrphasiger Mischer, und dessen Verwendung in einem Empfänger Expired - Lifetime EP1424769B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2002342004A JP3729171B2 (ja) 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 混合回路とこれを用いた高周波信号受信装置
JP2002342004 2002-11-26

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EP1424769A1 true EP1424769A1 (de) 2004-06-02
EP1424769B1 EP1424769B1 (de) 2006-06-14

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EP (1) EP1424769B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3729171B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1322677C (de)
DE (1) DE60306081T2 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60306081T2 (de) 2006-12-21
JP2004179841A (ja) 2004-06-24
DE60306081D1 (de) 2006-07-27
CN1322677C (zh) 2007-06-20
CN1503462A (zh) 2004-06-09
US20040142673A1 (en) 2004-07-22
EP1424769B1 (de) 2006-06-14
JP3729171B2 (ja) 2005-12-21
US7085547B2 (en) 2006-08-01

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