EP1416586A1 - Antenne mit einer Filtermaterialanordnung - Google Patents

Antenne mit einer Filtermaterialanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1416586A1
EP1416586A1 EP03027264A EP03027264A EP1416586A1 EP 1416586 A1 EP1416586 A1 EP 1416586A1 EP 03027264 A EP03027264 A EP 03027264A EP 03027264 A EP03027264 A EP 03027264A EP 1416586 A1 EP1416586 A1 EP 1416586A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
probe
antenna according
assembly
permittivity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03027264A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1416586B1 (de
Inventor
Marc Thevenot
Bernard Jecko
Alain Reineix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Original Assignee
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1416586A1 publication Critical patent/EP1416586A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1416586B1 publication Critical patent/EP1416586B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H01Q19/062—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for focusing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/006—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/005—Patch antenna using one or more coplanar parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmitting or receiving antenna achieving significant levels of directivity at frequencies on the order of microwave.
  • antennas comprising at least one probe capable of transform electrical energy into electromagnetic energy and reciprocally.
  • the antennas conventionally used are notably satellite dish antennas, lens antennas and aerials horn type.
  • Parabolic reflector antennas have a reflector plane of parabolic shape at the focus of which is a probe. This results in a dimensions linked to the focal length of the parabolic reflector.
  • the lens antennas have a lens at the focal point of which finds a probe. In addition to the congestion related to the focal distance, such antenna also has a high weight, due to the weight of the lens, which weight may be penalizing for certain applications.
  • the horn type antennas are bulky and heavy for achieve high directivity levels.
  • the invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of antennas classics by creating a less bulky and less heavy antenna, capable to transmit or receive an electromagnetic wave with levels of important directivity.
  • the invention therefore relates to an antenna comprising at least one probe capable of transforming electrical energy into energy electromagnetic and vice versa, characterized in that it comprises in in addition to an assembly of elements made of at least two differentiating materials by their permittivity and / or their permeability and / or their conductivity within which said probe is arranged, the arrangement of the elements in said assembly providing radiation and spatial and frequency filtering of waves electromagnetic produced or received by said probe, which filtering allows in particular one or more operating frequencies of the antenna to inside a non-passing frequency band.
  • Said antenna thus makes it possible to obtain a bulk and a reduced weight by the use of a simplified feeding system and a assembly, of small thickness, of elements in materials differentiating by their permittivity and / or their permeability and / or their conductivity.
  • An assembly 20 of elements made of at least two materials is differentiating by their permittivity and / or by their permeability and / or by their conductivity within which the probe 10 is arranged.
  • the probe 10 can be very simple to design from the moment it fulfills the type of polarization (linear or circular), the ellipticity rate and the desired electrical characteristics by the manufacturer, this probe 10 must nevertheless be small in front of the overall dimensions of the antenna.
  • assembly 20 makes it possible to design a antenna authorizing one or more frequency propagation modes to inside a non-pass band, in one or more spatial directions allowed d, the spatial filtering being itself dependent on the frequency and the nature of the materials involved in the assembly 20.
  • this assembly 20 comprising a structure 22 designed on the principle of photonic band gap materials within which is one or more cavity (s) 21 is to have one or more frequency mode (s) of propagation very isolated from its closest (their) neighbors.
  • a structure designed on the principle of prohibited band materials photonics is a structure of elements differentiated by their permittivity and / or by their permeability and / or by their conductiyity, which structure presents a periodicity with at least one dimension.
  • a cavity 21 placed within the assembly 20 gives it, by association with the photonic band gap material 22, the behavior of a material called by those skilled in the art photonic band gap material otherwise.
  • An antenna according to the invention shown in Figure 2 can also have an electromagnetic reflector plane 30 placed in the middle of assembly 20 and containing probe 10, making it possible to halve the antenna dimensions, especially when radiation is only useful in half a space.
  • Interest of an antenna according to the invention comprising a plane electromagnetic reflector 30 is to increase the gain of the main lobe of the directivity diagram of said antenna.
  • An antenna according to the invention shown in Figure 3 includes a structure 22 designed on the principle of photonic band gap materials having a one-dimensional periodicity, that is to say that said structure 22 includes an alternation of plane layers of two materials 23 and 24, by example of alumina and air respectively, distinguished by their permittivity and / or by their permeability and / or by their conductivity.
  • An antenna according to the invention shown in Figure 4 includes a structure 22 designed on the principle of photonic band gap materials having a two-dimensional periodicity, that is to say that said structure 22 comprises bars, of cylindrical shape arranged in a regular manner, of a first material 25, for example alumina, separated from each other by a second material 26, for example air, the second material being distinguished of the first by its permittivity and / or its permeability and / or its conductivity.
  • the structure is made up of shaped bars cylindrical arranged in a succession of superimposed layers.
  • the bars extend parallel to each other to the others and are placed with a regular step.
  • the bars of successive layers are aligned with a not regular.
  • the bars are metallic.
  • An antenna according to the invention shown in Figure 5 includes a structure 22 designed on the principle of photonic band gap materials, having a three-dimensional periodicity, such that said structure 22 includes an alternation of bars, for example of parallelepiped shape arranged in a regular manner, of a first material 27, for example alumina or metal, separated from each other by a second material 28, for example of air, said second material being distinguished from the first material by its permittivity and / or its permeability and / or its conductivity.
  • the structure 22 is composed of shaped bars substantially parallelepipedal arranged in a stack of layers superimposed. In each layer, the bars extend parallel to the to each other and are placed in a regular step and, the bars of two neighboring layers form a constant angle, for example an angle of 90 °.
  • the layer bars separated by a layer intermediate are parallel to each other and aligned with a regular pitch.
  • the number of useful periods in the direction orthogonal to the plane of the antenna depends on the contrasts of permittivity and / or permeability and / or conductivity of the materials used. To reduce the number of periods, increase the index contrasts between the different materials.
  • the materials used are alumina of high permittivity index and air of low permittivity index which allows structure 22 to have only three layers of materials.
  • the structure 22 therefore consists of a first planar layer 23a alumina in contact with a second plane layer 24a of air itself in contact with a third plane layer 23b of alumina.
  • An antenna according to the invention as shown in Figure 6 provides radiation and spatial and frequency filtering of waves electromagnetic generated or received by said antenna, as shown in FIG. 7. Said filtering authorizes in particular one or more frequency (s) of operation f of said antenna within a frequency band not passerby B.
  • An antenna according to the invention as shown in FIG. 6 is designed to achieve a gain of 20db and presents a diagram of radiation represented in figure 8.
  • the antenna according to the invention achieves gains important in a given direction like aperture antennas classics.
  • the antenna has two operating modes: a transmitter mode and a receiver mode.
  • an electric current conducts via the supply wire 11 reaches the level of the probe 10a which transforms it in electromagnetic wave.
  • This electromagnetic wave then crosses the assembly 20 of elements of materials differentiated by their permittivity and / or by their permeability and / or their conductivity, the arrangement of which allows to operate by construction a spatial and frequency filtering on the wave electromagnetic and thus conform the radiation pattern of the antenna system according to properties desired by the user.
  • an electromagnetic wave arriving at the antenna is filtered spatially and frequently during its crossing of the assembly 20 of elements of materials differentiating by their permittivity and / or by their permeability and / or by their conductivity, before being able to reach the probe 10a. Then the wave electromagnetic filtered according to desired properties by construction of the antenna, is transformed into electric current by the probe 10a and transmitted to the power wire 11.
  • the antenna probe is nature capable of generating a linear or circular polarization in the antenna, causing it to function, either in linear polarization, or in circular polarization.
  • the shape of the layers planes is arranged so as to obtain a radiation and gain diagram wanted according to the theory of radiant openings.
  • the constituent elements of the structure are coaxial cylinders surrounding the probe, the arrangement thus having a radial periodicity, and the internal cylindrical element forms a cavity receiving said probe.
  • the constituent elements of structure 22 are coaxial cylinders made of strip material prohibited photonics with periodicity in two or three dimensions.
  • one of the materials at least has dielectric and / or magnetic characteristics variables depending on an external source such as an electric field or magnetic, so as to make tunable antennas.
  • the assembly has multiple periodicity faults generated by a cavity or the juxtaposition of several cavities and making it possible to widen the bandwidth of the antenna and / or create multiband antennas.
  • the assembly of elements 20 has a periodicity with at least one dimension and at least one defect in one of the dimensions of this periodicity which generates at least one cavity within it, the elements remaining arranged in a regular pitch in the other dimensions.
  • This structure has a periodicity in two dimensions: it comprises bars 25, of cylindrical shape arranged in two layers 32 and 34 identical and superimposed. In each layer 32 and 34, the bars 25 extend parallel to each other and are placed with a regular pitch.
  • the assembly 20 consisting of the cavity 21 a and the structure 22 has a defect in its periodicity, in the dimension corresponding to the direction orthogonal to the plane reflector 30a and to layers 32 and 34.
  • the periodic arrangement of the bars 25 in each layer 32 and 34 is not affected by the presence of the cavity 21 a.
  • this antenna is also dependent on the operating frequency for which it was designed. For example, for operate at a frequency of 4.75 GHz, the lateral dimensions of the antenna are 258 mm, the thickness of the cavity 21 a is 33.54 mm, the two layers 32 and 34 are 22.36 mm apart and in each layer, the bars 25 have a diameter of 10.6 mm and their respective axes are spaced 22.36 mm apart.
  • the bars can be made of dielectric materials, magnetic or metallic.
  • the antenna shown in Figure 9 has like the one represented in figure 6, a radiation diagram such as the one shown in figure 8.
  • the antenna includes a multiplicity of nature probes different.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
EP03027264A 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Antenne mit einer Filtermaterialanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP1416586B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9914521 1999-11-18
FR9914521A FR2801428B1 (fr) 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 Antenne pourvue d'un assemblage de materiaux filtrant
EP00981432A EP1145379B1 (de) 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Antenne mit einer filtermaterialanordnung

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00981432A Division EP1145379B1 (de) 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Antenne mit einer filtermaterialanordnung
EP00981432.8 Division 2000-11-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1416586A1 true EP1416586A1 (de) 2004-05-06
EP1416586B1 EP1416586B1 (de) 2006-08-09

Family

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Family Applications (2)

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EP00981432A Expired - Lifetime EP1145379B1 (de) 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Antenne mit einer filtermaterialanordnung
EP03027264A Expired - Lifetime EP1416586B1 (de) 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Antenne mit einer Filtermaterialanordnung

Family Applications Before (1)

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EP00981432A Expired - Lifetime EP1145379B1 (de) 1999-11-18 2000-11-17 Antenne mit einer filtermaterialanordnung

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6549172B1 (de)
EP (2) EP1145379B1 (de)
JP (2) JP4727884B2 (de)
CN (2) CN1203579C (de)
AT (2) ATE336091T1 (de)
AU (1) AU1868401A (de)
CA (1) CA2360432C (de)
DE (2) DE60030013T2 (de)
ES (2) ES2292491T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2801428B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2001037373A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2801428B1 (fr) * 1999-11-18 2004-10-15 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne pourvue d'un assemblage de materiaux filtrant
FR2830131B1 (fr) * 2001-09-24 2005-06-24 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne a large bande ou multi-bandes
GB0126737D0 (en) * 2001-11-07 2002-01-02 Univ Glasgow Filter
FR2843238B1 (fr) * 2002-07-31 2006-07-21 Cit Alcatel Antenne multisources notamment pour un systeme a reflecteur
AU2003285444A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-05-25 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Multiple-beam antenna with photonic bandgap material
EP1554777B1 (de) * 2002-10-24 2006-05-03 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS Mehrfachstrahlantenne mit photonischem bandlückenmaterial
FR2854738B1 (fr) * 2003-07-31 2005-08-26 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne a materiau bip multi-bandes de frequences
FR2854735B1 (fr) * 2003-07-31 2006-07-21 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne a materiau bip multi-faisceaux
US7411564B2 (en) 2002-10-24 2008-08-12 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.) Frequency multiband antenna with photonic bandgap material
FR2854737A1 (fr) * 2002-10-24 2004-11-12 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne a materiau bip multi-faisceaux et/ou multi- frequences et systeme mettant en oeuvre ces antennes.
FR2854734B1 (fr) * 2003-07-31 2006-07-21 Centre Nat Rech Scient Systeme d'emission et ou de reception d'ondes electromagnetiques equipe d'une antenne multi-faisceaux a materiau bip
FR2870642B1 (fr) * 2004-05-19 2008-11-14 Centre Nat Rech Scient Cnrse Antenne a materiau bip (bande interdite photonique) a paroi laterale entourant un axe
JP2007235460A (ja) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-13 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd アンテナ装置
JP4912716B2 (ja) * 2006-03-29 2012-04-11 新光電気工業株式会社 配線基板の製造方法、及び半導体装置の製造方法
FR2906410B1 (fr) * 2006-09-25 2008-12-05 Cnes Epic Antenne a materiau bip(bande interdite photonique), systeme et procede utilisant cette antenne
FR2914506B1 (fr) * 2007-03-29 2010-09-17 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne a resonateur equipe d'un revetement filtrant et systeme incorporant cette antenne.
GB2456556A (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-22 Zarlink Semiconductor Ltd Antenna arrangement including dielectric and ferrite materials.
JP4623105B2 (ja) * 2008-02-18 2011-02-02 ミツミ電機株式会社 放送受信用アンテナ装置
WO2010008258A2 (ko) * 2008-07-18 2010-01-21 주식회사 이엠따블유안테나 유전체와 자성체의 격자 주기 구조를 갖는 복합 구조체를 이용한 안테나
WO2012153164A1 (en) 2011-05-06 2012-11-15 Time Reversal Communications A device for receiving and/or emitting a wave, a system comprising the device, and use of such device
FR2985096B1 (fr) 2011-12-21 2014-01-24 Centre Nat Rech Scient Antenne elementaire et antenne reseau bidimensionnelle correspondante
RU2562401C2 (ru) 2013-03-20 2015-09-10 Александр Метталинович Тишин Низкочастотная антенна
GB2512083B (en) * 2013-03-19 2016-10-26 Mettalinovich Tishin Alexandr Antenna, array or system with a material structure surrounding at least part of an antenna element
JP5938012B2 (ja) * 2013-06-21 2016-06-22 日本電信電話株式会社 反射板及びアンテナ装置
JP7193805B2 (ja) * 2019-09-03 2022-12-21 日本電信電話株式会社 アンテナシステム
WO2024135945A1 (en) * 2022-12-20 2024-06-27 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Antenna array with partially reflective depolarizing metasurface

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US5541613A (en) * 1994-11-03 1996-07-30 Hughes Aircraft Company, Hughes Electronics Efficient broadband antenna system using photonic bandgap crystals
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US5739796A (en) * 1995-10-30 1998-04-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ultra-wideband photonic band gap crystal having selectable and controllable bad gaps and methods for achieving photonic band gaps

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WO1995033287A1 (en) * 1994-05-31 1995-12-07 Motorola Inc. Antenna and method for forming same
US5541613A (en) * 1994-11-03 1996-07-30 Hughes Aircraft Company, Hughes Electronics Efficient broadband antenna system using photonic bandgap crystals
WO1996029621A1 (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Metallodielectric photonic crystal
US5679604A (en) * 1995-04-04 1997-10-21 Hughes Aircraft Company Wire diamond lattice structure for phased array side lobe suppression and fabrication method
US5739796A (en) * 1995-10-30 1998-04-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Ultra-wideband photonic band gap crystal having selectable and controllable bad gaps and methods for achieving photonic band gaps

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100424930C (zh) 2008-10-08
EP1145379A1 (de) 2001-10-17
JP4727884B2 (ja) 2011-07-20
AU1868401A (en) 2001-05-30
EP1145379B1 (de) 2007-08-29
DE60030013D1 (de) 2006-09-21
CA2360432C (fr) 2008-10-07
ES2269897T3 (es) 2007-04-01
ES2292491T3 (es) 2008-03-16
CA2360432A1 (fr) 2001-05-25
DE60030013T2 (de) 2007-02-22
FR2801428B1 (fr) 2004-10-15
JP4714417B2 (ja) 2011-06-29
DE60036195T2 (de) 2008-05-15
CN1337078A (zh) 2002-02-20
ATE336091T1 (de) 2006-09-15
EP1416586B1 (de) 2006-08-09
JP2004159372A (ja) 2004-06-03
WO2001037373A1 (fr) 2001-05-25
CN1519988A (zh) 2004-08-11
US6549172B1 (en) 2003-04-15
ATE371964T1 (de) 2007-09-15
DE60036195D1 (de) 2007-10-11
FR2801428A1 (fr) 2001-05-25
CN1203579C (zh) 2005-05-25
JP2003514476A (ja) 2003-04-15

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