EP1392875A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von metall-/metallschaum-verbundbauteilen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von metall-/metallschaum-verbundbauteilenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1392875A1 EP1392875A1 EP02743107A EP02743107A EP1392875A1 EP 1392875 A1 EP1392875 A1 EP 1392875A1 EP 02743107 A EP02743107 A EP 02743107A EP 02743107 A EP02743107 A EP 02743107A EP 1392875 A1 EP1392875 A1 EP 1392875A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- cavity
- foam
- foamed
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
- B22D25/005—Casting metal foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/087—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy after casting in solidified or solidifying metal to make porous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2204/00—End product comprising different layers, coatings or parts of cermet
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing metal / metal foam composite components, in particular of metal - molded parts made of light metal materials, which are reduced in weight compared to conventionally produced molded parts.
- the invention further relates to molded parts produced by this method and their use in light metal constructions.
- foamable semi-finished aluminum products is atomized aluminum powder, to which a blowing agent is added.
- a body pressed from a powder mixture is heated in a heatable, closed vessel to temperatures above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent and / or the melting temperature of the metal.
- the powder is compacted in this process and the molded part thus created is placed in the area of a component to be foamed and foamed by heating up to 650 ° C.
- the casing can be subject to unacceptable deformations or the foaming process takes place unevenly. It is also possible to produce foams by sintering hollow metallic spheres or to infiltrate metal melts into cores or fillers, which are removed after the melt has solidified.
- metallic articles with cavities are produced by dissolving gases in a metal melt and initiating the foaming process by suddenly reducing the pressure.
- the foam is stabilized by cooling the melt.
- metallic foam is obtained with the controlled release of propellant gases, in which a metal is first melted at temperatures below the decomposition temperature of the propellant used.
- a metal foam is established.
- WO 92/21457 A1 describes the production of aluminum foam in such a way that gas is blown in under the surface of a molten metal, abrasive substances serving as stabilizers.
- W.Thiele Filler-containing aluminum sponge - a compressible cast material for absorbing impact energy, in: Metal 28, 1974, Issue 1, pp. 39 to 42 describes the production of foam aluminum.
- the desired cavities are made in size, shape and location in the form of a loose fill easily compressible inorganic light materials, such as expanded clay minerals, expanded clay, glass foam balls or hollow corundum balls, etc.
- the light material fill is placed in a casting mold. The remaining spaces in the fill are filled with metal.
- the aluminum sponge obtained in this way is relatively poorly mechanically loadable and contains the material of the bed.
- DE 11 64 103 B relates to a method for producing metal foam bodies.
- a solid that decomposes when heated to form gas is mixed with a molten metal so that the solid is wetted by the metal.
- powdered titanium hydride is added to a molten alloy of aluminum and magnesium at a temperature of 600 ° C.
- the closed foam thus formed is then poured into a mold to cool and solidify there.
- it is obviously not working in a closed system, but in an open system.
- GB 892934 relates to the production of complex structures with a foamed metal core and a closed, non-porous surface.
- DE 198 32 794 Cl describes a method for producing a hollow profile which is filled with metal foam. This method comprises the steps of pressing the hollow profile made of a shell material with an extruder having an extrusion tool with a die and a mandrel, feeding the metal foam made of a foam material through a feed channel to the hollow profile which is formed in the mandrel.
- JP Patent Abstracts of Japan 07145435 A describes the production of foamed metal wires.
- Molten aluminum is placed in an oven using a blowing agent foams and fed to a continuous pouring device.
- the molten aluminum in the foamed state is cooled between a pair of upper and lower conveyor belts to obtain an endless strand. This is cut into the foamed aluminum wires in a predetermined manner.
- the foamed aluminum wire or strand can be formed by pulling the foamed molten aluminum between a wire with a groove and a conveyor belt. The molten aluminum wire is thus obtained by rolling or drawing.
- EP 0 666 784 B1 describes a method for molding a metal foam stabilized by means of particles, in particular an aluminum alloy, in which a composite of a metal matrix and finely divided solid stabilization particles is heated above the solidus temperature of the metal matrix and gas bubbles are released into the molten metal composite below its surface, to thereby form a stabilized, liquid foam on the surface of the molten metal composite.
- Characteristic is a molding of the metal foam by pressing the stabilized liquid foam into a mold and with a pressure that is only sufficient for the liquid foam to take the shape of the mold without the cells of the foam being significantly compressed.
- the molded article is then obtained by subsequently cooling and solidifying the foam.
- the foam is pressed into the mold using a movable plate.
- a first movable plate presses the liquid foam into the mold and a smooth surface is formed on the molded foam article.
- a second movable plate is pressed into the foam within the mold to form smooth inner surfaces on the foam article. Shaping can also be done using rollers.
- Another method for producing molded parts from metal foam is taught by EP 0 804 982 A2.
- the foaming takes place in a heatable chamber outside a casting mold, the volume of the powder-metallurgical starting material for the metal foam introduced into the chamber essentially corresponding to the volume of a filling of the casting mold in its phase foamed with the entire foam capacity. All metal foam in the chamber is pressed into the mold, in which foaming is continued with the remaining foaming capacity until the mold is completely filled.
- the casting mold is a sand or ceramic mold, the metal foam is introduced into the chamber as a semi-finished product and is only pressed into the casting mold after foaming, for example by means of a piston. When the foam is pressed into the mold, it is sheared.
- the mold is not filled with a foam with a deliberately inhomogeneous structure.
- DE 195 01 508 Cl discloses a process for producing a cavity profile with reduced weight and increased rigidity, e.g. a component for the chassis of a motor vehicle.
- This consists of die-cast aluminum and in the cavities there is a core made of aluminum foam.
- the integrated foam core is manufactured using powder metallurgy and then fixed to the inner wall of a casting tool and cast with metal using a die-casting process.
- DE 297 23 749 U1 discloses a wheel for a motor vehicle which comprises at least one metallic foam core which is arranged exposed to the inside of the wheel and has a cast wall towards the outside of the wheel.
- the foam core made of aluminum foam is inserted into a mold for casting the wheel and positioned so that the outer cast skin is created between the mold and the foam core during casting.
- DE 195 02 307 AI describes a deformation element in the housing of which a filling made of an aluminum foam is provided as an energy absorber.
- the housing can be made of metal or plastic.
- the packing is a mere insert without a material connection to the housing.
- the dissolving or blowing in of propellant gases in molten metal is not suitable for the production of near-net-shape components, since a system consisting of melt with occluded gas bubbles is not sufficiently stable in time to be processed in shaping tools.
- the solution to the aforementioned problem consists in a method for producing metal / metal foam composite components, which is characterized in that a flat or shaped metal part is introduced into the cavity of a casting mold, the cavity being at least partially delimited by the metal part, and then introduces a mixture of a molten metal and a blowing agent that is solid at room temperature into the cavity and foams there.
- light metal foams for example made of aluminum or aluminum alloys
- a casting process for example in a commercially available die casting machine, or by means of solid, gas-releasing blowing agents, on the surface of prefabricated flat or shaped metal bodies.
- a metal hydride especially a light metal hydride.
- liquid or pasty metal is pressed into a mold which represents the cavity to be foamed. This shape can thus limit the expansion of the resulting metal foam on one or more sides, but at least a part of the surface of the foam produced in this process inside the cavity to be foamed is formed by the previously inserted metal part.
- the method according to the invention allows the production of a wide range of composite components.
- the metal parts can be a wide variety of molded parts provided with a cavity, which can be used in metal structures, for example hollow beams or rims. Different types of casting processes can therefore also be used, for example low-pressure or pressure casting processes.
- U or L profiles can be filled with metal foam, for example.
- the inserted metal part is a sheet on which metal foam can be foamed according to the invention. By inserting several spaced sheets in the mold cavity, sandwich components can be easily produced.
- the metal is injected directly from the melting chamber into the mold at up to approx. 10 7 Pa; in the cold chamber process preferred according to the invention, for example for materials made of Al and Mg alloys, the melt is first introduced into a cold intermediate chamber and from there with more than 10 8 Pa pressed into the mold.
- the casting performance of the hot chamber process is higher, but so is the wear on the system.
- the advantages of die casting are the good material strength, the clean surfaces of the resulting body on the inside of the mold cavity, the high dimensional accuracy, the possibility of complex casting design and the high working speed. These advantages can be further improved by negative pressure (vacuum in the mold). Real-time controlled die casting machines available on the market are advantageous for this process.
- the metals are selected from non-ferrous metals and non-noble metals, in particular selected from magnesium, calcium, aluminum, silicon, titanium or zinc and their alloys.
- ferrous metals and noble metals can also be foamed with the aid of the present invention to form the resulting composite piece with a preformed metal part.
- alloy is used in the sense of the present invention, it should be understood to mean that it contains at least 30% by weight of the metal mentioned.
- the process sequence preferred according to the invention comprises filling the required volume of molten metal into the filling or casting chamber and introducing it into a mold cavity into which the metal part to be foamed is inserted, with the addition of the blowing agent to the molten metal.
- molten metal and blowing agent are brought together in the mold cavity, the mold or the cavity remaining in the mold being filled or underfilled with the melt-blowing agent mixture in a defined volume.
- the blowing agent is not brought into contact with the molten metal directly in the mold cavity, but in a filling or casting chamber, and the mixture is then introduced into the mold cavity with the inserted metal body.
- the blowing agent can be introduced into the filling or casting chamber on the one hand and / or the cavity within the mold or the inserted metal piece after inserting the metal piece on the other hand can take place before, during and / or after the metal melt has been introduced into the respective chamber. It is important for the present invention, however, that the foaming essentially only takes place in the cavity to be foamed due to the fact that the blowing agent is split off from a flowable metal or a flowable metal alloy.
- This mold cavity to be foamed is a closed mold. However, as is common in die casting or the like, this can have riser channels for ventilation.
- the foamed metal composite body consisting of the metal molded body inserted into the mold and the metal foam additionally produced in the mold cavity, is then ejected.
- the blowing agent is added directly to the molten metal in the filling or casting chamber or in the mold cavity, the corresponding metal foam structure being produced from the non-foamed metal body previously formed.
- This surface has either the surface of the inserted metal part or the surface newly created in the mold cavity when the foam body is formed. Even the new foam surface created on the wall of the mold is smooth, and its formation is easily reproducible. As a result of the spray filling possible in the process, different wall thicknesses of this new foam surface can be easily adjusted. The walls are closed on all sides, clean, tight and homogeneous. Post-treatment is usually not necessary. On the inside, the areas of the resulting metal composite produced in this process are increasingly porous and have a density gradient.
- the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent should be matched to the melting temperature of the casting material (molten metal).
- the decomposition may only start above 100 ° C and should not be higher than approx. 150 ° C above the melting temperature.
- the melting temperature of the molten metal is above the melting temperature of the inserted metal part, a particularly good bond is formed between the preformed metal part and the foam structure formed.
- blowing agent to be used depends on the required circumstances.
- the blowing agent is particularly preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.2 to 1% by weight, based on the mass of the amount of metal used to form the metal foam ,
- Gas-releasing blowing agents which are solid at room temperature include, in particular, light metal hydrides, such as magnesium hydride.
- light metal hydrides such as magnesium hydride.
- magnesium hydride for the purposes of the present invention, particular preference is given to auto-catalytically produced magnesium hydride, which is sold, for example, under the name TEGO Magnan®.
- titanium hydride, carbonates, hydrates and / or easily evaporable substances can also be used, which have also been used in the prior art for foaming metals.
- a vehicle part should be made from an aluminum material with an integrally foamed metal structure.
- a corresponding amount of molten metal was filled into a casting chamber of the die casting machine.
- a previously produced metal structure was inserted into the mold cavity of the die casting machine, which had a cavity inside caused by a metal slide.
- the insertion into the mold chamber was carried out in such a way that the connection (opening for introducing the liquid metal) opened into the mold cavity at the location of the metal cavity.
- Magnesium hydride in powder form was added to the liquid metal as a blowing agent in the closed casting chamber of the die casting machine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200230110T SI1392875T1 (de) | 2001-06-07 | 2002-05-25 |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10127716 | 2001-06-07 | ||
DE10127716A DE10127716A1 (de) | 2001-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metall/Metallschaum-Verbundbauteilen |
PCT/EP2002/005774 WO2003000942A1 (de) | 2001-06-07 | 2002-05-25 | Verfahren zur herstellung von metall/metallschaum-verbundbauteilen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1392875A1 true EP1392875A1 (de) | 2004-03-03 |
EP1392875B1 EP1392875B1 (de) | 2005-03-23 |
Family
ID=7687551
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02743107A Expired - Lifetime EP1392875B1 (de) | 2001-06-07 | 2002-05-25 | Verfahren zur herstellung von metall-/metallschaum-verbundbauteilen |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6874562B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1392875B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4322665B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE291644T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2444248C (de) |
DE (2) | DE10127716A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2239234T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003000942A1 (de) |
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GB0206136D0 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2002-04-24 | Rolls Royce Plc | Improvements in or relating to cellular materials |
DE10257263B4 (de) * | 2002-12-07 | 2014-05-15 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zum endseitigen Verbinden von Leichtmetallprofilen durch Gießen |
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EP1772211A1 (de) * | 2005-10-10 | 2007-04-11 | Georg Fischer Fahrzeugtechnik AG | Kokillengiessanlage für Metallschaumformteile |
JP5398260B2 (ja) * | 2006-07-06 | 2014-01-29 | ロータスアロイ株式会社 | 多孔質体の製造方法 |
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DE102008000100B4 (de) | 2008-01-18 | 2013-10-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines leichtgewichtigen Grünkörpers, danach hergestellter leichtgewichtiger Grünkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines leichtgewichtigen Formkörpers |
DE102008037200B4 (de) | 2008-08-11 | 2015-07-09 | Aap Implantate Ag | Verwendung eines Druckgussverfahrens zur Herstellung eines Implantats aus Magnesium sowie Magnesiumlegierung |
DE102009030428A1 (de) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-30 | Daimler Ag | Schaumkörper für ein Gussverbundbauteil sowie Gussverbundbauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gussverbundbauteils |
DE102009034390B4 (de) | 2009-07-23 | 2019-08-22 | Alantum Europe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von in Gehäuse integrierten Metallschaumkörpern |
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DE102014209408A1 (de) | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-19 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Ethoxylatherstellung unter Verwendung hoch aktiver Doppelmetallcyanid-Katalysatoren |
ES2676430T3 (es) | 2015-11-11 | 2018-07-19 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Polímeros curables |
PL3321304T3 (pl) | 2016-11-15 | 2019-11-29 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Mieszaniny cyklicznych, rozgałęzionych siloksanów typu D/T i ich dalszych produktów |
EP3415547B1 (de) | 2017-06-13 | 2020-03-25 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung sic-verknüpfter polyethersiloxane |
EP3415548B1 (de) | 2017-06-13 | 2020-03-25 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung sic-verknüpfter polyethersiloxane |
EP3438158B1 (de) | 2017-08-01 | 2020-11-25 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Herstellung von sioc-verknüpften polyethersiloxanen |
EP3467006B1 (de) | 2017-10-09 | 2022-11-30 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Mischungen zyklischer-verzweigter siloxane vom d/t-typ und deren folgeprodukte |
EP3492513B1 (de) | 2017-11-29 | 2021-11-03 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung von im siloxanteil verzweigten sioc-verknüpften polyethersiloxanen |
US10570773B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2020-02-25 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud cooling |
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EP3611214A1 (de) | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-19 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Sioc-verknüpfte, lineare polydimethylsiloxan-polyoxyalkylen-blockcopolymere |
EP3611215A1 (de) | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-19 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung acetoxygruppen-tragender siloxane |
EP3744760A1 (de) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-02 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung von im siloxanteil verzweigten sioc-verknüpften polyethersiloxanen |
EP3744774B1 (de) | 2019-05-28 | 2021-09-01 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zum recycling von silikonen |
EP3744753B1 (de) | 2019-05-28 | 2022-04-06 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur aufreinigung von acetoxysiloxanen |
EP3744759B1 (de) | 2019-05-28 | 2024-07-17 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung von im siloxanteil verzweigten sioc-verknüpften polyethersiloxanen |
EP3744754A1 (de) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-02 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung acetoxygruppen-tragender siloxane |
EP3744756B1 (de) | 2019-05-28 | 2024-07-03 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Acetoxysysteme |
EP3744755A1 (de) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-02 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung acetoxygruppen-tragender siloxane |
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-
2001
- 2001-06-07 DE DE10127716A patent/DE10127716A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-05-25 WO PCT/EP2002/005774 patent/WO2003000942A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-25 CA CA002444248A patent/CA2444248C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-25 AT AT02743107T patent/ATE291644T1/de active
- 2002-05-25 EP EP02743107A patent/EP1392875B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-25 JP JP2003507322A patent/JP4322665B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-25 DE DE50202549T patent/DE50202549D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-25 ES ES02743107T patent/ES2239234T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-05 US US10/162,978 patent/US6874562B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO03000942A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE291644T1 (de) | 2005-04-15 |
JP4322665B2 (ja) | 2009-09-02 |
CA2444248C (en) | 2009-08-11 |
EP1392875B1 (de) | 2005-03-23 |
CA2444248A1 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
US6874562B2 (en) | 2005-04-05 |
ES2239234T3 (es) | 2005-09-16 |
DE50202549D1 (de) | 2005-04-28 |
WO2003000942A1 (de) | 2003-01-03 |
DE10127716A1 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
JP2004532355A (ja) | 2004-10-21 |
US20020195222A1 (en) | 2002-12-26 |
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