EP1335792A1 - Katalysatorträger, dessen herstellung und verwendung zur olefinpolymerisation - Google Patents
Katalysatorträger, dessen herstellung und verwendung zur olefinpolymerisationInfo
- Publication number
- EP1335792A1 EP1335792A1 EP01980446A EP01980446A EP1335792A1 EP 1335792 A1 EP1335792 A1 EP 1335792A1 EP 01980446 A EP01980446 A EP 01980446A EP 01980446 A EP01980446 A EP 01980446A EP 1335792 A1 EP1335792 A1 EP 1335792A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- range
- bis
- support
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- -1 aluminum-silicon oxide Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 23
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 8
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 8
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940024545 aluminum hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000096 monohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YUFQUBWPYIPRHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,3-n-bis[2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]butane-2,3-diimine Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1N=C(C)C(C)=NC1=C(C(C)C)C=CC=C1C(C)C YUFQUBWPYIPRHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RSPAIISXQHXRKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 5-butylcyclopenta-1,3-diene;zirconium(4+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr+2]Cl.CCCCC1=CC=C[CH-]1.CCCCC1=CC=C[CH-]1 RSPAIISXQHXRKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OXLXAPYJCPFBFT-UHFFFAOYSA-L CC1=CC(C)(C=C1)[Zr](Cl)(Cl)C1(C)C=CC(C)=C1 Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)(C=C1)[Zr](Cl)(Cl)C1(C)C=CC(C)=C1 OXLXAPYJCPFBFT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VAYDOCMAGNZHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[Zr](C)C1C=CC2=C1CCCC2 Chemical compound C[Zr](C)C1C=CC2=C1CCCC2 VAYDOCMAGNZHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LKDKHGNCOQWROC-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].CC=1C=CC=C2C=CC(C12)[Zr+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].CC=1C=CC=C2C=CC(C12)[Zr+2] LKDKHGNCOQWROC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QSPIZXHMJPAUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].Cc1ccc2C=CC([Zr++])c2c1 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].Cc1ccc2C=CC([Zr++])c2c1 QSPIZXHMJPAUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004847 absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- HXGDTGSAIMULJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N acenaphthylene Chemical compound C1=CC(C=C2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 HXGDTGSAIMULJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229940024546 aluminum hydroxide gel Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- LOKCKYUBKHNUCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichlorozirconium;methylcyclopentane Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl.C[C]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1.C[C]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1 LOKCKYUBKHNUCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUCIROUEDJQIB-GQCTYLIASA-N (6e)-octa-1,6-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CCCC=C RJUCIROUEDJQIB-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Hexadiene Natural products CC=CCC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOVQCIDBZXNFEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 BOVQCIDBZXNFEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZYHZMFAUFITLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2,4-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(C=C)C(F)=C1 IZYHZMFAUFITLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWYRVWBEIODDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-9h-fluorene Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(C=C)=CC=C2 YWYRVWBEIODDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C=C)=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEDYOSQUMIXMFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylchrysene Chemical compound C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=CC=C2C2=C1C(C=C)=CC=C2 KEDYOSQUMIXMFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPMHMYHJGDAHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C(C=C)=CC=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 WPMHMYHJGDAHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNZADISZSFJHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-(2-methylpropyl)cyclopenta-1,3-diene;zirconium(4+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zr+4].CC(C)CC1=[C-]CC=C1.CC(C)CC1=[C-]CC=C1 YNZADISZSFJHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STWBNOBMOCQPLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-n-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acetamide Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1NC(=O)CBr STWBNOBMOCQPLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIJNSXZCHXCBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-n,3-n-bis[2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]butane-2,3-diimine;nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound Br[Ni]Br.CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1N=C(C)C(C)=NC1=C(C(C)C)C=CC=C1C(C)C YIJNSXZCHXCBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YYTUUFMWKBIPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenylcyclohexene Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC=C1 YYTUUFMWKBIPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyclo[6.2.1.1(3,6).0(2,7)]dodec-4-ene Chemical compound C1C(C23)C=CC1C3C1CC2CC1 XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(ii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
- C08F4/65925—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually non-bridged
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new support for catalysts, a production process for heterogeneous catalysts which contain this support, 5 and the use of these catalysts for olefin polymerization or a polymerization process using the catalysts.
- Metallocene-catalyzed polymerization has experienced an enormous boom since the early 1980s.
- the carrier substances usually described are based on inorganic compounds such as silicon (e.g. US 4,808,561, US 5,939,347, WO 96/34898) or aluminum oxides (e.g. M. Kaminaka, K. Soga, Macromol. 30 Rapid Commun. 1991, 12 , 367.) or layered silicates (e.g. US 5,830,820; DE-A-19727257; EP-A-849 288), zeolites (e.g. LK Van Looveren, DE De Vos, KA Vercruysse, DF Geysen, B. Janssen, PA Jacobs, Cat Lett.
- inorganic compounds such as silicon (e.g. US 4,808,561, US 5,939,347, WO 96/34898) or aluminum oxides (e.g. M. Kaminaka, K. Soga, Macromol. 30 Rapid Commun. 1991, 12 , 367.) or layered silicates (e.g
- a first object of the present invention is a support for catalysts which has a physisorbed water content of at least 2.5% by weight.
- the present invention further provides a process for the preparation of a heterogeneous catalyst suitable for the synthesis of polyolefins, in which a) a support with a physisorbed water content of at least 2.5% by weight with at least one organometallic
- the content of physisorbed water is the water content of the carrier according to the invention, which in the case of a Karl Fischer analysis is determined.
- the carriers preferably have water contents in the range from 3 to 8% by weight.
- these high water contents are advantageous for a high loading of the support with catalysts and in particular cocatalysts.
- the uptake of the frequently used cocatalyst methylaluminoxane is supported by a high water content of the support. This also increases the catalytic activity of the loaded carriers.
- the carrier according to the invention is preferably an oxidic material which is preferably selected from the oxides of the elements of the 3rd and 4th main group and the 3rd to 8th subgroup of the periodic table. It is particularly preferably an aluminum, silicon, boron, germanium, titanium, zirconium or iron oxide or a mixed oxide or an oxide mixture of the compounds mentioned.
- the carrier is a mixed aluminum-silicon oxide.
- aluminum-silicon oxide is to be understood in such a way that it can be a preferably finely divided, physical mixture of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide as well as a real mixed oxide in which Si-O-Al bridges are present ,
- a particularly preferred carrier is obtainable by a process in which a) first separate gels of aluminum (hydr) oxide and silicon (hydr) oxide are produced, b) the two gels are subsequently mixed and homogenized, c) the homogenized mixture is spray dried.
- amorphous halo amorphous halo
- the particles of the support material according to the invention allow loading with catalyst by customary methods, the particle size increasing slightly as a result of the catalyst applied to the surface, but the particle shape is largely retained.
- the particularly uniform distribution of aluminum and silicon in the support material can also achieve a particularly uniform coating with the catalyst.
- the particle shape of the polymer particles can be influenced by a suitable choice of shape of the carrier particles. Due to the special particle properties obtainable by the described production process, the carrier material particles break during the polymerization and thus make the catalyst centers bound to their inner surface available, which leads to an increase in the catalyst activity compared to stable carrier particles. Another advantage of breaking is that there are only tiny carrier particles encased in the resulting polymer in the resulting polymer not significantly affect the application-related physical and chemical properties of the polymer.
- This preferred catalyst support is made in a multi-step process.
- the two silicon and aluminum components are initially provided separately: aluminum (hydr) oxide is obtained, for example, by alkaline precipitation from aluminum salts, such as from aluminum sulfate, acetate or oxalate.
- aluminum hydroxides can be obtained by a comparable procedure from silicic acid or hydrolyzable molecular precursors, such as silicon tetrachloride or ortho-silicic acid esters of lower alcohols, such as preferably tetraethoxysilane.
- the two (hydr) oxides obtained as gels are homogenized after setting the desired silicon / aluminum ratio and then spray-dried. The amorphous structural units are retained through the spray drying process. Finally, the material can be washed and classified salt-free.
- aluminum oxide or silicon (hydr) oxide denotes intermediate stages which have a polymeric structure, but which still differ significantly from the 3-dimensional spatial network structure of the oxides and, as a result of the oxides, have a significantly increased reactivity due to the higher proportion of hydroxyl groups.
- the ratios of Si0 2 to Al 2 O 3 in the carrier are usually in the range from 100: 1 to 1: 2, with ratios greater than 1: 1 and in particular greater than 2: 1 being preferred. It can be in the sense of simultaneous Optimization of hydroxyl group density (active surface) and available surface (according to BET) it should be particularly preferred to set a ratio of SiO 2 to Al 2 O 3 in the range from 20: 1 to 5: 1.
- spherical particles are obtained.
- Spherical means that the particles in scanning electron microscope images give the impression of spheres.
- "Spherical" can be quantified in the sense that the mean values of the 3 mutually perpendicular diameters of the particles deviate from each other by a maximum of 50% of the length. That all ratios of the three mutually perpendicular diameters are in the range 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5.
- the ratios of the 3 mean diameters are all in the range 1.3, 1 to 1: 1, 3, i.e. the diameters differ by a maximum of 30%.
- the carrier material according to the invention usually has average particle sizes in the range from 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 3 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the grain size distribution can be controlled by classification, for example by wind classification.
- the surface of the particles - determined by the BET method (S. Brunnauer, PH Emmett, E. Teller, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 309) - is usually in the range from 50 to 500 m 2 / g , surfaces in the range from 150 to 450 m 2 / g being preferred.
- the pore volume is typically in the range from 0.5 to 4.5 ml / g, the pore volume preferably above 0.8 ml / g and particularly preferably in the range from 1.5 to 4 , 0 ml / g.
- the pH of the carrier material according to the invention is preferably at pH values less than or equal to 7.
- the supports according to the invention are suitable as supports for a wide variety of catalysts. In principle, all homogeneous catalysts can be immobilized using these supports. In a particularly important embodiment of the present invention, the supports are used as supports for catalysts for olefin polymerization.
- Usual catalyst systems for the polymerization of olefins consist of a compound of a transition metal from the 3rd to 8th subgroup of the periodic table and a cocatalyst which is usually an organometallic compound of a (semi-) metal of the 3rd or 4th main group of the periodic table.
- Another object of the present invention is therefore a heterogeneous catalyst, the at least one support, as described above, at least one compound of a transition metal from the 3rd to 8th subgroup of the periodic table and at least one organometallic compound of a (semi-) metal contains the 3 or 4th main group of the periodic table, the two metal compounds being absorbed on the support and together forming the catalytically active species.
- the compound of a transition metal from subgroup 3 to 8 of the periodic table which is also referred to below as "catalyst" is preferably a complex compound, particularly preferably a metallocene compound. In principle, it can be any metallocene. Bridged (ansa-) and unbridged metallocene complexes with (substituted) ⁇ ligands such as cyclopentadienyl, indenyl or fluorenyl ligands are conceivable, with symmetrical or unsymmetrical complexes with central metals from the 3rd to 8th group.
- the elements titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, palladium, nickel, cobalt, iron and chromium are preferably used as the central metal, with titanium and in particular zirconium being particularly preferred.
- Suitable zirconium compounds are, for example: bis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconium monochloride monohydride, bis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconium monobromide monohydride, bis (cyclopentadienyl) methylzirconium hydride, Bis (cyclopentadienyl) ethylzirconium hydride,
- Ethylenebis (indenyl) zirconium dibromide Ethylene b s (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) dimethyl zirconium, ethylene b s (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) methyl zirconium monochloride, ethylene b s (4,5,6, 7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, ethylene b s (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) zirconium dibromide, ethylene b s (4-methyl-1-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, ethylene b s (5-methyl-1-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, ethylene base (6-methyl-1-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, ethylene base (7-methyl-1-indenyl) zirconium dichloride, ethylene base (5-methoxy- 1-inden
- Suitable titanium compounds are, for example: bis (cyclopentadienyl) titanium monochloride monohydride, bis (cyclopentadienyl) methyltitanium hydride, bis (cyclopentadienyl) phenyltitanium chloride, bis (cyclopentadienyl) benzyltitanium chloride, bis (cyclopentadienyl) titanium dichloride, bis (cyclopentadienyl) ) dibenzyl-titanium, Bis (cyclopentadienyl) ethoxytitanium chloride,
- Suitable hafnium compounds include:
- Ethylene bis (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) hafnium dichloride and dimethylsilylenebis (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) hafnium dichloride.
- Suitable iron compounds are, for example:
- nickel compounds are, for example: (2,3-bis (2,6-diisopropylphenylimino) butane) nickel dibromide, 1,4-bis (2,6-diisopropylphenyl) acenaphthenediimine nickel dichloride, 1,4-bis (2,6 -diisopropylphenyl) acenaphthendiiminnickel dibromide.
- Suitable palladium compounds are, for example: (2,3-bis (2,6-diisopropylphenylimino) butane) palladium dichloride and (2,3-bis (2,6-diisopropylphenylimino) butane) dimethyl palladium.
- zirconium compounds are particularly preferred, the compounds bis (cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, ethylene bis (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) - Zirconium dichloride, bis (methylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride and bis (1,3-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride are particularly preferred.
- a transition metal from subgroup 3 to 8 When a transition metal from subgroup 3 to 8 is joined, however, it can also be a classic Ziegler-Natta compound, such as titanium tetrachloride, tetraalkoxytitanium, alkoxytitanium chlorides, vanadium halides, vanadium oxide halides and alkoxyvanadium compounds in which the alkyl radicals 1 to 20 C -Atoms, act.
- a classic Ziegler-Natta compound such as titanium tetrachloride, tetraalkoxytitanium, alkoxytitanium chlorides, vanadium halides, vanadium oxide halides and alkoxyvanadium compounds in which the alkyl radicals 1 to 20 C -Atoms, act.
- both pure transition metal compounds and mixtures of different transition metal compounds can be used, mixtures of metallocenes or Ziegler-Natta compounds with one another and mixtures of metallocenes with Ziegler-Natta compounds being advantageous.
- the organometallic compound of a (semi-) metal of the 3rd or 4th main group of the periodic table which is also referred to below as "cocatalyst" is preferably a compound of the elements boron, aluminum, tin or silicon, preferably a compound of boron or aluminum. Halide-free compounds are preferred.
- the organic residues of the compounds are preferably selected from the group comprising the residues Contains alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryloxy and aralkoxy or fluorine-substituted derivatives.
- Preferred compounds are trialkyl aluminum compounds, such as trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, tripropyl aluminum and triisopropyl aluminum.
- aluminoxanes with alkyl groups on aluminum such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, phenyl or benzylaluminoxane, methylaluminoxane, which is often referred to by the abbreviation MAO, being particularly preferred.
- the average particle size of the catalyst particles is usually in the range from 1 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 3 to 75 ⁇ m.
- the heterogeneous catalyst produced according to the invention allows the production of polymer particles with controllable particle size and shape.
- the grain size can be set in the range from approximately 50 ⁇ m to approximately 3 mm.
- a preferred grain shape is the spherical shape, which, as described above, can be adjusted by spherical carrier particles with a particularly uniform catalyst coating.
- the present invention further provides a process for the preparation of the heterogeneous catalyst according to the invention suitable for the synthesis of polyolefins in which a) a support as described above with at least one organometallic compound of a (semi-) metal of 3 or 4. Main group of the periodic table and b) with at least one compound of a transition metal from the 3rd to 8th subgroup of the periodic table to the heterogeneous
- Catalyst is implemented.
- the heterogeneous catalyst can be produced using the support according to the invention by various processes, with particular attention to the order of reaction of the components with one another: in a preferred process the cocatalyst is first absorbed on the support and then the catalyst is added. In another likewise preferred method, a mixture of catalyst and cocatalyst is absorbed on the carrier. In certain cases it may also be preferred to first immobilize the catalyst on the support and then to react it with the cocatalyst.
- the cocatalyst methylaluminoxane can also be generated in situ by reacting trimethylaluminum with a water-containing support material.
- the direct chemical attachment of the metallocene catalyst to the support with the aid of a spacer or anchor group is also a possible step in the preparation of the heterogeneous catalyst.
- the support has the water content essential to the invention during the reaction with the transition metal or organometallic compound. Therefore, in a process according to the invention for catalyst preparation which is preferred, the spray-dried support is no longer dried. However, it may also be preferred to dry the support according to the invention before the reaction with catalyst or cocatalyst. If drying is carried out, this drying takes place at temperatures below 400 ° C., preferably below 250 ° C. and particularly preferably at a maximum of 180 ° C.
- the carrier is suspended in an inert solvent and the catalyst and cocatalyst are added as a solution or suspension. After the individual reaction steps, washing can be carried out with a suitable solvent for cleaning. All process steps of catalyst production are preferably carried out under protective gas, for example argon or nitrogen.
- inert solvents examples include pentane, isopentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and diethylbenzene.
- the support is reacted with an aluminoxane, preferably commercially available methylaluminoxane.
- the oxidic carrier z. B suspended in toluene and then reacted at temperatures between 0 and 140 ° C with the aluminum component for about 30 min. After washing several times, the heterogenized methylaluminoxane is obtained.
- the supported cocatalyst is then brought into contact with a metallocene, preferably dicyclopentadienylzirconium dichloride, the catalyst / cocatalyst ratio being between 1 and 1: 100,000.
- the mixing time is 5 minutes to 48 hours, preferably 5 to 60 minutes.
- the actually catalytically active center of the heterogeneous catalyst according to the invention only forms when the support reacts with the catalyst and cocatalyst components.
- the heterogeneous catalysts are preferably used for the production of polyolefins.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a heterogeneous catalyst as described above for the production of polyolefins.
- Polyolefins are generally understood to mean macromolecular compounds which can be obtained by polymerizing substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon compounds with at least one double bond in the monomer molecule.
- Usable olefins are monoolefins, such as ethylene, propylene, but-1-ene, pent-1-ene, hex-1-ene, oct-1-ene, hexadec-1-ene, octadec-1-ene, 3- Methylbut-1-ene, 4-methylpent-1-ene, 4-methylhex-1-ene, diolefins such as 1, 3-butadiene, 1, 4-hexadiene, 1, 5-hexadiene, 1, 6-hexadiene, 1, 6-octadiene, 1, 4-dodecadiene, aromatic olefins, such as styrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, m-chlorostyrene, p-chlorostyrene, indene, vinyl anthrac
- olefins ethylene, propylene and generally further 1-olefins which are either homopolymerized or also copolymerized in mixtures with other monomers are particularly preferred.
- the polymerization is carried out in a known manner in solution, suspension or gas phase polymerization, continuously or batchwise, with the gas phase and suspension polymerization being explicit are preferred.
- Typical temperatures during the polymerization are in the range from 0 ° C. to 200 ° C., preferably in the range from 20 ° C. to 140 ° C.
- the polymerization preferably takes place in pressure autoclaves. If necessary, hydrogen can be added as a mass regulator during the polymerization.
- heterogeneous catalysts used according to the invention enable the production of homo-, co- and block copolymers.
- the subject of the invention is therefore also the use of a heterogeneous catalyst according to the invention or a heterogeneous catalyst produced according to the invention for the production of polyolefins with a spherical particle structure.
- the mixed oxide For the preparation of the mixed oxide, 90 kg of the 2% silicon hydroxide gel (from b) and 10 kg of the aluminum hydroxide gel (from a)) were mixed well by stirring for one hour and by a homogenizer (Lab 60, from APV Schröder ) crushed with approx. 300 bar. The freshly homogenized mixture was sprayed directly in a spray dryer (Niro C2, Niro) and the particles formed were captured in a cyclone. The material is washed salt-free and dried. A material with a narrow grain size distribution was obtained by classification using wind sifting (Alpine 100MZR, Alpine). The mixed oxide was also prepared in an analogous manner with Si0 2 / Al 2 ⁇ 3 ratios 7: 3 and 1: 1. The essential physical and chemical properties of the carriers are summarized in Table 1, in Figure 1 a scanning electron micrograph of the particles is shown.
- the particle size was determined using a Mastersizer 2000 from Malvern Instruments in accordance with laser diffraction spectroscopy.
- the pH of the carrier was determined on a 10% strength aqueous suspension with the aid of a 766 laboratory pH meter from Knick.
- the carrier material produced according to Example 1 with a Si0 2 / Al 2 ⁇ 3 ratio of 9/1 was pretreated thermally as shown in Table 2. After cooling the sample in vacuo, the water content and OH group density were determined.
- Karl Fischer water content determination was carried out on a Mettler DL18 using Karl Fischer solvent, pyridine-free (Karl Fischer Reagent S, Merck) and titrant (Karl Fischer solution Tritrierstoff U, Merck).
- OH group determination of the carrier material was carried out by means of thermogravimetry / differential thermal analysis (TG / DTA).
- the TG and DTA tests were carried out on a thermal scale type L 81 from Linseis, Selb.
- TG and DTA tests were carried out on a thermal scale type L 81 from Linseis, Selb.
- L 81 from Linseis, Selb.
- For the calibration two platinum crucibles with equal amounts of Al 2 O 3 were weighed in and heated twice to 1000 ° C. The heating rate was 10 K per minute, working in an air atmosphere. Depending on the density of the material, 30-110 mg were weighed out for the analyzes so that the crucible was completely filled.
- the concentration of the surface OH groups present was determined from the loss of mass in the temperature range from 200-1000 ° C.
- the percentage mass values were converted into amounts of substance (equation (1)).
- equation (2) the OH carrier group density can be determined in mol / m 2 if the surface is known:
- thermal surface pore volume water- OH groups- example pretreatment 2 / contain e [° C] l aj L aj [wt .-%] [mmol / g]
- Example 2a-2e 0.50 g of the support from Example 2a-2e was suspended in a 100 ml three-necked flask under argon in 35 ml of dry toluene, and 3.25 ml of a 10% solution of methylaluminoxane (MAO) in toluene (5.4 mmol) was added and stirred for 30 min. After the precipitate had settled, the mixture was filtered and washed twice with 5 ml of toluene each time.
- MAO methylaluminoxane
- the solid obtained was taken up in 35 ml of toluene and transferred to a 100 ml Büchi pressure reactor, after which 5 ml of a 0.855 10 "3 molar Cp 2 ZrCl 2 solution (4.3 ⁇ mol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes.
- Example 3a - 3e The catalyst suspension from Example 3a - 3e was saturated in a 100 ml book autoclave with 2.5 bar ethene (purity level 4.5; Messer Griesheim company) and stirred at room temperature (27.5 ° C.) for 1 hour. The polymerization was terminated by adding 40 ml of acified methanol solution. It was then washed for several hours. After the polymer had been separated off, it was dried to constant mass in a vacuum.
- 2.5 bar ethene purity level 4.5; Messer Griesheim company
- the determined catalyst activities are shown in Table 3.
- the molecular weight and melting point of the polymer particles obtained in Example 3a were determined.
- the molecular weight determinations of the polyolefins was carried out by gel permeation chromatography under the conventionally used for polyolefins conditions (135 ° C, 1, 2,4-trichlorobenzene) than 3-fold determination to a high-temperature apparatus from Knauer (separation column: polystyrene gel 500, 10 4, 10 5 , 10 6 A; flow: 1 ml / min, concentration: approx. 0.5 - 1 mg / ml; sample amount: 400 ⁇ l).
- the melting points of the polymers were determined on a DSC-821 Mettler Toledo.
- the measurement of the occupancy of the carrier with the aluminum-containing compound MAO was carried out by means of a difference determination.
- the Al content of the filtrate - washing solution of the non-heterogenized MAO - was determined by means of absorption spectrometry and then deducted from the original amount of aluminum used in the MAO.
- the aluminum determinations were determined by means of absorption spectrometry with a Varian Spectra AA800. For this purpose, the samples were first digested with 5 ml of sulfuric acid, 0.5 ml of hydrofluoric acid and approx. 0.5 ml of hydrogen peroxide and made up with 25 ml of ultrapure water. Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (graphite furnace) served as the determination method.
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Abstract
Description
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DE10052600A DE10052600A1 (de) | 2000-10-24 | 2000-10-24 | Katalysatorträger |
DE10052603A DE10052603A1 (de) | 2000-10-24 | 2000-10-24 | Katalysatorträger |
DE10052600 | 2000-10-24 | ||
DE10052603 | 2000-10-24 | ||
PCT/EP2001/011202 WO2002034386A1 (de) | 2000-10-24 | 2001-09-27 | Katalysatorträger, dessen herstellung und verwendung zur olefinpolymerisation |
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JP2005526175A (ja) * | 2002-06-03 | 2005-09-02 | ユニベーション・テクノロジーズ・エルエルシー | 固体粒状で不均質の噴霧乾燥された触媒組成物 |
RU2372291C2 (ru) * | 2004-09-23 | 2009-11-10 | Сёва Дэнко К.К. | Способ получения тетрафторида марганца |
TW200932681A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-08-01 | Solvay Fluor Gmbh | Method for preparing manganese tetrafluoride |
WO2011073364A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Process for the preparation of a particulate bimodal polyethylene product |
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NZ250105A (en) * | 1992-11-09 | 1996-07-26 | Monaghan Canadian Ltd | Inhalator mask; one-way valve opens upon exhalation |
US5604170A (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1997-02-18 | Nippon Oil Company, Limited | Solid catalyst components for olefin polemerization and use thereof |
CA2116259A1 (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1994-08-24 | Akira Sano | Solid catalyst components for olefin polymerization and use thereof |
US5629253A (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1997-05-13 | Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. | Polymerization catalyst systems, their production and use |
-
2001
- 2001-09-27 AU AU2002212287A patent/AU2002212287A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-27 EP EP01980446A patent/EP1335792A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-09-27 WO PCT/EP2001/011202 patent/WO2002034386A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-09-27 JP JP2002537427A patent/JP2004512166A/ja active Pending
- 2001-09-27 US US10/399,992 patent/US20040014917A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO0234386A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004512166A (ja) | 2004-04-22 |
AU2002212287A1 (en) | 2002-05-06 |
US20040014917A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
WO2002034386A1 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
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