EP1225653A2 - Antenne diversitée sur une surface diélectrique dans une carosserié d'automobile - Google Patents

Antenne diversitée sur une surface diélectrique dans une carosserié d'automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1225653A2
EP1225653A2 EP02000324A EP02000324A EP1225653A2 EP 1225653 A2 EP1225653 A2 EP 1225653A2 EP 02000324 A EP02000324 A EP 02000324A EP 02000324 A EP02000324 A EP 02000324A EP 1225653 A2 EP1225653 A2 EP 1225653A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
diversity
wire
connection
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02000324A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1225653B1 (fr
EP1225653A3 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Lindenmeier
Jochen Hopf
Leopold Reiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Delco Electronics Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Delphi Delco Electronics Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG, Delphi Delco Electronics Europe GmbH filed Critical Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1225653A2 publication Critical patent/EP1225653A2/fr
Publication of EP1225653A3 publication Critical patent/EP1225653A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1225653B1 publication Critical patent/EP1225653B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-antenna diversity antenna system on a conductive framed dielectric surface in a vehicle body in the meter and decimeter wave range z. B. for radio or television broadcast reception. It is based on a multi-antenna system, as it is used for the design of an antenna diversity system.
  • Multi-antenna systems are e.g. B. described in EP 0 269 723, DE 36 18 452, DE 39 14 424, Fig. 14, DE 37 19 692, P 36 19 704 for windshields or rear window panes.
  • reception interference which is related with level drops due to the multipath propagation of the electromagnetic Waves occur when the vehicle is positioned differently in the reception area on.
  • the An antenna diversity system works in the event of a reception disturbance to switch to another antenna in the signal of the connected antenna and in the number of undershoots leading to interference in a given reception field to be as small as possible at the receiver entrance.
  • the likelihood of finding an undisturbed signal among the available antennas grows with the number of antenna signals and the diversity decoupling between these signals.
  • a diversity decoupling of the antenna signals in the sense of the present The invention exists when the received signals, in particular with regard to Reception interference, such as B. drops in the RF level are different.
  • connection network for each antenna - and for reasons of good signal / noise ratios - to be provided with an antenna amplifier.
  • Such connection networks are very complex, especially in combination with the necessary ones Radio frequency connection lines to the receiver.
  • plastic body parts in the future e.g. as a plastic rear cover or as plastic parts in the otherwise metallic version Vehicle body in front.
  • the present invention is based on DE 195 35 250.
  • Antenna structures 5 and 6 for different frequency ranges e.g. in the plastic tailgate or shown in the roof section of a vehicle.
  • DE 195 35 250 separate antennas are specified for different frequency ranges and it is under the The objective is to ensure the smallest possible coupling due to the greatest possible distance between the antennas of the different frequency ranges to achieve a meaningful spatial distribution of these Antennas proposed on the limited space available. According to this state of the Technology would also need z. B. for the reception of FM radio, four connection networks, i.e.
  • Antenna amplifiers are used, their connection to the vehicle mass on Mounting point and their cabling connected with a considerable effort and also very would be cumbersome.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create a space-saving diversity antenna for a diversity antenna system in a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 to design differently selectable reception signals, the mean reception quality is as good as possible and that in the different antenna signals while driving reception interference occurring at the same time is as low as possible.
  • the advantageous possibility is associated with the invention, with only one conductor structure, which is laid in a space-saving manner in the edge region of the dielectric surface 7, and with only one Connection network 25 a variety of diverse antenna signals to create.
  • the electronically controllable impedance networks 11, for which no connection to the vehicle mass is necessary, can be designed in a space-saving manner and be accommodated. It is also advantageous that the mobility of the boot lid through the Freedom of mass of the electronically controllable impedance networks 11 is not restricted.
  • Fig. 1a is a wire-shaped antenna conductor on a dielectric surface 7 38 of length 9b at a distance 9a parallel to the conductive boundary 1.
  • concentration of the electric field lines 2 and the magnetic field lines 3 which the received electromagnetic waves in the immediate vicinity of the conductive boundary 1 cause is the coupling of both the electrically and magnetically coupled Components of the received signal in the wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 even when very small distance 9a relatively large.
  • the edge effect on the conductive border 1 the concentration of the electric field lines 2 and the concentration occurring at the edge Edge current 4 the concentration of the magnetic field lines 3 in the immediate vicinity of the edge the leading boundary 1.
  • the antenna voltage 44 connected to it becomes an electronically controllable one Impedance network 11 is introduced serially into the wire-shaped antenna conductor 38, which as Switch is shown.
  • the different antenna signals 44 are also diverse differently.
  • the replacement capacitances 45 acting on the antenna conductor 38 are high-frequency effective connections 42 and 43 connected in the form of impedances Z1 and Z2 supported with the conductive boundary 1.
  • the high-frequency effective connections 42 and 43 implemented by the impedances Z1 and Z2 low impedance, so form the conductive boundary 1, the high-frequency low-resistance connections 42 and 43 and the antenna conductor 38 has a loop 6 if, in addition, the electronic switching element 12 low-impedance bridges the further interruption point 15, 16 with a corresponding antenna voltage 44.
  • the antenna voltage 44 is different in terms of diversity.
  • the pair of antenna connection terminals is shown in FIG. 1c 13, 14 in one of the high-frequency connections 42 or 43 of the wire-shaped Antenna conductor 38 introduced serially.
  • an antenna according to the invention is the in Fig. 1d wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 at its ends as connections 42 and 43 to the conductive Boundary 1 shaped so that with the help of different impedances of the electronically controllable impedance network 11 between a magnetically receiving antenna effect at low impedance and one of them decorrelates electrically receiving antenna at high impedance can be switched.
  • a first further antenna conductor is shown in FIG. 1e 38a connected to one of the two ends of the antenna conductor 38 and the first further antenna conductors 38a designed such that the high-frequency associated with the connection Load corresponds to the suitably set impedance Z2 and the high frequency effective connection 43 forms.
  • a second additional antenna conductor 38b is connected the other end of the first further antenna conductor 38a is connected, so will be continued this principle, this second further antenna conductor 38b is designed in such a way that the one with the Connection associated high-frequency load of the suitably set impedance corresponds and forms the high-frequency effective connection 43 or 42.
  • the second further antenna conductors 38b parallel to a further section of the boundary 1.
  • the antenna voltage 44 is in the example shown on the pair of antenna terminals 13.14 tapped based on mass.
  • Each of the other antenna conductors contains one electronically controllable impedance network 11 at a suitable distance from each other, so that is created in Fig. 1e structure shown, with different settings of the electronically controllable impedance networks 11 a variety of diversity different antenna voltages 44 can be achieved.
  • the advantage of this arrangement according to the invention is in that the different antenna signals are at a single antenna connection point on the pair of antenna terminals 13, 14 and set these signals in one Connection network 25 can be tapped. This eliminates the need for distant from each other attached antennas the variety of such connection networks 25 and their connection to a further common connection network 25 for further processing of the signals in the Diversity system.
  • Fig. 1f To expand the variety of available antenna voltages 44 is shown in Fig. 1f in analog Continuation of the inventive idea with ground-based tapping of the antenna voltage 44 the effective impedance Z2 instead of the connection 43 by suitably designed shaping of the antenna conductor 38d realized. At its other end is the wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 in a manner analogous to FIG. 1e with the further antenna conductors 38a, b, c.
  • the antenna voltage 44 can Placement of the pair of antenna terminals 13, 14 as an interruption point in parallel to the conductive boundary 1 guided part of the wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 tapped ground-free become. As shown in Fig. 1g, the wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 is on both sides further antenna conductors 38a and 38b continued.
  • FIG. 1h Interruption point for a pair of antenna terminals 13, 14 for ground-free tapping of the antenna voltage 44b and a further pair of antenna connection terminals 14, 10 for tapping the reception voltage 44a which is different in terms of diversity.
  • the tap the ground-related antenna voltage 44a takes place between the interruption point 14 of the Antenna conductor 38 and the conductive boundary 1, which is described by the ground point 10.
  • FIG. 1 The operation of an advantageous basic form of an antenna is shown in FIG the invention in a plastic trunk lid, which represents the dielectric surface 7, explained.
  • the antenna conductor 38 is a ring structure 5 with the width 9f and the length 9e performed essentially parallel to three sections of the conductive boundary 1.
  • the diversity different antenna signals arise at the pair of antenna terminals 13, 14 due to the different settings of the electronically controllable impedance network 11.
  • the antenna signals can be ground-free on the pair of terminals 13, 14 or ground-related can be tapped at the pair of terminals 13, 10 or 14, 10.
  • the different Excitation of the ring structure with its further interruption point 15, 16 is based on that the different settings of the electronically controllable impedance network 11 with open and closed ring structure with mass-related tap of the Antenna signal and ground-free tap of the antenna signal the effect of the electrical and magnetic excitation affect differently, so that the desired variety of there are different antenna signals in terms of diversity. This is done through the Equivalent circuit diagram with the substitute elements of the substitute inductors 50 and the substitute capacitors 45 clarified in connection with the electric field lines 2 and magnetic field lines 3.
  • Fig. 3 shows the realization of an antenna according to Fig. 2.
  • the antenna signals a connection network 25 supplied.
  • the connection network 25 contains a matching network and / or an amplifier 17 for groundless antenna signal coupling at the terminals 13, 14 and a matching network and / or amplifier 18 ground-based antenna signal extraction between terminals 14 and 10.
  • an electronic switch 19 can either one of the two antenna signals via the network components 17, 18 e.g. separate antenna connection lines 46,46a are supplied.
  • the control signal 20 for controlling the switch 19 also for controlling the electronically controllable impedance network 11 used in the form of an electronic switching element 12, to effect an RF-like separation of the ring structure.
  • This control signal 20 can e.g. be derived from a diversity processor.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the antenna conductor 38 according to FIG. 1e is in one Trunk lid shown.
  • the antenna conductor 38 becomes a first further antenna conductor 38a and another first further antenna conductor 38b extended by the further Interrupt points 15a, 16a and 15b, 16b via the electronically controllable impedance networks 11a and 11b are connected.
  • the switching processor implemented in the connection network 25 31 the electronically controllable impedance networks 11a and 11b are driven, which supplies the control signals 20 for the control signal inputs 20a and 20b, which this over a high-frequency ineffective control line 47 are supplied to generate the diversity different antenna signals at the input of the adaptation network and / or Amplifier 18 for ground antenna signals.
  • FIG. 5 in FIG. 5, starting from FIG. 3 and 4, two electronically controllable impedance networks 11a and 11b in the ring structure 5 brought in.
  • the controllable electronic impedance networks 11a and 11b as Realized electronic switching elements 12 in the form of PIN diodes, so the antenna conductor 38 additionally take over the function of the control line 47 if the following antenna signals are to be tapped: If the electronic switching elements 12 are open, so can For example, 3 different antenna signals can be tapped: a) ground-related Tapping on the pair of terminals 14,10, b) Ground-based tap on the pair of terminals 13,10, c) Mass-free tap on the pair of terminals 13, 14.
  • an antenna signal different from c can be connected to the terminal pair 13, 14 be tapped. So to get 4 different antenna signals, the switching processor 31 are activated only once via the control signals 20.
  • the electronic switch 19, controlled by the control signals 20, carry the antenna signals to the matching network and / or amplifier 17 for ground-free tapped antenna signals or 18 for ground-related tapped antenna signals.
  • the reinforced network 25 or adapted antenna signals corresponding to the control signals 20 via a Electronic switch 19 fed to an antenna connection line 46.
  • the electronically controllable Impedance network 11 shows some examples of advantageous embodiments of the electronically controllable Impedance network 11 shown. These networks do not need any connections to the vehicle ground at their mounting point when the control signals 20 to control the impedances the electronically controllable impedance networks 11 either, if possible, via the wire-shaped Antenna conductor 38 directly or according to the invention via control lines 47, 47a, 47b takes place, which is high-frequency ineffective directly parallel to the wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 are guided, so that the strand thus formed is electrical like a wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 acts.
  • the electronically controllable impedance networks 11 are preferably electronic Switch 12 executed, preferably switching or PIN diodes 22 as switching elements are used.
  • 6a shows the basic circuit diagram of an electronically controllable impedance network 11 in its simplest form, consisting only of an electronic switching element 12, which is switched via the control signal 20 at its control input 20a.
  • This electronic switching element thus has the function of a switch with the terminals 15 and 16.
  • the electronic switch 12 is designed as a switching or PIN diode 22.
  • the Antenna conductor 38 also takes over the function of control line 47.
  • the impedance network 26 is designed such that, for. B. the FM frequency range over the series resonance circuit is permeable and becomes impermeable to all other radio frequencies.
  • the parallel switched inductance serves on the one hand to transmit the direct current and on the other can e.g. a parallel resonance is generated in TV volume 1, so that the blocking effect of Impedance network 26 is increased in this frequency range.
  • 6c is the electronically controllable impedance network 11 for the AM frequency range designed to be permeable and for the higher frequency ranges of broadcasting through the Throttle 21 blocked.
  • the capacitor 23 is used for DC separation.
  • About the low impedance switched diode 22 can e.g. B. further parts of the antenna conductor 38a with the Antenna conductor 38 are connected.
  • the electronically controllable impedance network 11 is designed such that e.g. the impedance network 26a blocks the VHE / UHF frequency ranges, but AM and FM signals passes, while the impedance network 26b passes the AM frequency range and the FM frequency range blocks.
  • 6g shows the basic circuit diagram of an electronically controllable impedance network 11, which has an addressable switching function e.g. via a stepped DC voltage as Control signal 20 allows.
  • an electronically controllable impedance network 11 which has an addressable switching function e.g. via a stepped DC voltage as Control signal 20 allows.
  • the control at least 2 conductors. It is advisable to use three conductors.
  • a leader is formed by the antenna conductor 38 itself, which form two further conductors 47a and 47b the control lines. All 3 conductors are high-frequency via coupling capacitors 34 connected in parallel and act in close spatial proximity as an antenna conductor 38 Control line 47a delivers e.g.
  • the switching address signal in the form of a stepped DC voltage in simplest case.
  • the antenna conductor 38 can additionally supply a DC voltage for the Supply switching signal address evaluation in the logic circuit 49 and the control line 47b is used as a return conductor.
  • the coupling of these lines at the input and output of the electronic controllable impedance network 11 to the logic circuit 49 takes place via chokes 21, which are sufficiently high-resistance in the frequency range under consideration.
  • the switching address signal evaluation in the logic circuit 49 is easiest to implement by window discriminators.
  • 6h shows the electronically controllable impedance network 11 for different ones Frequency ranges designed to be addressable switchable.
  • Fig. 7 for the example shown in Fig. 5 is an antenna in the boot lid for the further Increase the diversity of antenna signals with different diversity to advantageous ones Way extended by a connection network 25.
  • the problem-free attachment of two connection units 25a and 25b near the trunk lid hinge with the one available there Possibility of connection to the vehicle mass enables the evaluation of several different ones both ground-free and ground-related antenna signals with the help of various Switch positions in the connection networks 25a and 25b.
  • the selected ones Antenna voltages 44 are available separately on the antenna connection lines 46, 46a.
  • These signals can advantageously be provided with an antenna diversity receiver two signal inputs for in-phase superposition of the received signals are supplied.
  • Such receivers are preferably used for FM radio reception and are e.g.
  • FIG. 8 shows an advantageous development of the antenna system according to FIG. 7.
  • the diversity processor 30 supplied with switching processor 31.
  • the latter controls both electronic switch 19 and the switch address signal feed 34.
  • the over the Antenna connecting line 46a controlled switching signals control via the switching address signal evaluation 35 the electronic switch 19b and initiate control signals 20 for control of the electronically controllable impedance networks 11.
  • an AM amplifier 29 in Connection network 25a can be housed.
  • FIG. 9 that Antenna system as in Fig. 8 by 4 TV antennas with TV amplifiers 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d for that terrestrial television (Bd1, VHF, UHF) can be expanded. Modern TV diversity systems often require 4 separate antenna signals, which should be available at the same time. This In FIG. 9, signals are sent to the TV diversity system via the TV antenna connection cables 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d fed.
  • FIG. 10 for an antenna system as in FIG. 9, those in the electronic are exemplary controllable impedance networks 11a, b, c closed RF connections for 4 different FM reception signals FM1 to FM4, for 4 different TV reception signals TV1 to TV4 and an AM receive signal.
  • this arrangement as a ring structure with three electronically controllable impedance networks 11 and only two connection networks 25 Antenna signals with very high diversity efficiency achieved. This is advantageous by choosing one Distance between the electronically controllable impedance networks 11 with each other and between the connection networks 25 and the electronically controllable impedance networks 11 reached.
  • distances 9d are shown (see e.g. Fig. 5), which are not less than about ⁇ / 8, as very advantageous.
  • a safe diversification of the Antenna signals are achieved at intervals of ⁇ / 4 and more. These distances can be at VHF and the VHF / UHF frequencies above that in passenger cars be respected. Due to the possible proximity of the wire-shaped antenna conductor 38 to Edge of the trunk lid and the small size of the electronically controllable Impedance networks 11 leave a lot of space for accommodation in the middle of the horizontal surface of telephone and satellite antennas or other antenna structures for additional services, e.g. Remote control functions. However, it is important to ensure that, in particular, through their connecting cables the function of the diversity antenna according to the invention is not impaired. This can be done on the one hand by sheath currents e.g.
  • FIG. 11 shows an advantageous one for an antenna system according to FIGS. 7, 8, 9 and 10 Arrangement of the elements of the antenna system in the opened trunk lid.
  • FIGS. 7, 8, 9 show an embodiment of the antenna arrangement according to of the invention, as used in a manner similar to FIGS. 7, 8, 9 in a roof cutout can be.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
EP02000324A 2001-01-10 2002-01-04 Antenne diversitée sur une surface diélectrique dans une carosserié d'automobile Expired - Lifetime EP1225653B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10100812 2001-01-10
DE10100812A DE10100812B4 (de) 2001-01-10 2001-01-10 Diversityantenne auf einer dielektrischen Fläche in einer Fahrzeugkarosserie

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1225653A2 true EP1225653A2 (fr) 2002-07-24
EP1225653A3 EP1225653A3 (fr) 2009-11-25
EP1225653B1 EP1225653B1 (fr) 2013-03-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02000324A Expired - Lifetime EP1225653B1 (fr) 2001-01-10 2002-01-04 Antenne diversitée sur une surface diélectrique dans une carosserié d'automobile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6603434B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1225653B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002314318A (fr)
KR (1) KR100492429B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10100812B4 (fr)

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DE102009023514A1 (de) * 2009-05-30 2010-12-02 Heinz Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindenmeier Antenne für zirkulare Polarisation mit einer leitenden Grundfläche
US8294625B2 (en) * 2010-02-04 2012-10-23 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Antenna diversity system
CN108091986A (zh) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-29 北京遥感设备研究所 一种超短波和短波复用车载共形天线
US10566685B2 (en) * 2017-09-15 2020-02-18 Cnh Industrial America Llc Integrated mounting for vehicle immobilizer system antenna
DE102018002661A1 (de) 2018-03-31 2019-10-02 Heinz Lindenmeier Antennen-Einrichtung für die bidirektionale Kommunikation auf Fahrzeugen
JP7501122B2 (ja) * 2020-06-04 2024-06-18 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 車載アンテナモジュール

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KR20020060615A (ko) 2002-07-18
US6603434B2 (en) 2003-08-05
JP2002314318A (ja) 2002-10-25
DE10100812A1 (de) 2002-07-11
EP1225653B1 (fr) 2013-03-13
EP1225653A3 (fr) 2009-11-25
DE10100812B4 (de) 2011-09-29
US20020126055A1 (en) 2002-09-12
KR100492429B1 (ko) 2005-05-31

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