EP1215299A2 - Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl - Google Patents
Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl Download PDFInfo
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- EP1215299A2 EP1215299A2 EP01128805A EP01128805A EP1215299A2 EP 1215299 A2 EP1215299 A2 EP 1215299A2 EP 01128805 A EP01128805 A EP 01128805A EP 01128805 A EP01128805 A EP 01128805A EP 1215299 A2 EP1215299 A2 EP 1215299A2
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- maximum
- conversion
- nitride precipitation
- precipitation hardening
- steel according
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
Definitions
- the invention relates to a conversion-controlled nitride precipitation hardener Quenched and tempered steel with 15-18% by weight chromium, which through an optimal combination of strength, toughness and durability against stress corrosion cracking and which is therefore good in chemical industry, traffic engineering, power plant engineering, construction engineering and at Plastic processing can be used.
- Conversion-controlled martensitic hardenable steels are known in the art Technology, for example the alloy 17-5ph with 15.4% by weight Cr, 4.4% by weight Ni, 0.4% by weight Mn, 0.25% by weight Si, 3.3% by weight Cu, 0.3% by weight Nb and 0.04% by weight C or the alloy 14-5 ph with 14% by weight Cr, 5% by weight Ni, 0.4% by weight Mn, 0.25% by weight Si, 1.6% by weight Cu, 0.25% by weight Nb, 1.5 Mo and 0.05% by weight C.
- the nickel and chrome contents are so balanced that no or only very much little delta ferrite occurs during austenitization.
- Transformation controlled steels are strengthened by martensitic transformation and by precipitation hardening. Martensite is created by quenching treatment after austenitization, while precipitation hardening is achieved by heat treatment of the quenched martensite. Therefore, conversion-controlled steels are usually first austenitized, quenched and then heat-treated at medium temperatures.
- the respective microstructure is influenced by the effect of the alloy elements and the heat treatment parameters on the transition temperatures M s , M f and A c1 .
- M s is the temperature at which the transformation of austenite to martensite begins during quenching
- M f is the temperature at which the transformation of austenite to martensite ends during quenching
- a c1 is the temperature at which austenite formation occurs during of heating begins.
- the M s temperature of the martensitic hardenable steels is sufficiently high that a large part of the austenite present during the austenitization can be converted to martensite with ordinary cooling to room temperature.
- the M s temperature is also influenced by the grain size and the dissolved substitution elements, which allow precipitation hardening. The coarser the grain and the higher the proportion of dissolved alloy elements, the lower the M s temperature.
- the residual austenite remaining after complete austenitization and subsequent cooling treatment is convertible. If substitution elements are excreted during a tempering treatment, the M s temperature of the residual austenite can increase again in such a way that it converts back to martensite during the subsequent cooling treatment.
- the tempering austenite is to be distinguished from the residual austenite, which remains after partial austenitization, i.e. annealing in the ferrite-austenite two-phase area and subsequent cooling treatment.
- Tempering austenite in contrast to residual austenite, has a very favorable effect on ductility (toughness) and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. The finer the previous (former) austenite grain was, the more favorable it was to these properties.
- the ductility is increased well by a double austenitization, the second austenitization at lower austenitization temperatures not only serving for grain refinement (normalization), but also for a limited excretion of niobium carbides, which together with grain refinement further increases the M s temperature.
- Tempering austenite is formed during tempering at temperatures between 550 and 650 ° C, with a maximum content of tempering austenite being reached at temperatures around 600 ° C.
- tempering austenite has a positive effect on strength and Stress corrosion cracking resistance.
- temper austenite Tempering treatment in the range between 550 and 650 ° C with sensitization of austenite linked. This means a worsening of the Corrosion resistance (especially against intergranular corrosion) Grain boundary excretion of chromium-rich phases.
- the invention tries to avoid these disadvantages. You have the task based on a martensitic hardenable steel, which improved Combination of strength, ductility and corrosion resistance, specify and a heat treatment process for such an alloy.
- the essence of the invention is a conversion-controlled nitride precipitation hardener Tempering steel with the following composition (Specification in% by weight): 15-18 Cr, maximum 0.5 Mn, 4-10 Ni, maximum 15 Co, maximum 4 W, maximum 4 Mo, 0.5-1 V, at least one of Nb, Ta, Hf and Zr in the Sum between 0.001-0.1, 0.001-0.05 Ti, maximum 0.5 Si, maximum 0.05 C, 0.13-0.25 N, maximum 4 Cu, remainder iron and usual impurities and the Provided that the weight ratio of vanadium to nitrogen V / N in Range is between 3.5 and 4.2.
- the advantage of the invention is that the choice of In addition to high strength and ductility, alloying elements also have a high level Corrosion resistance is achieved.
- the steel has 1-10% by weight of Co, 0.5-3, preferably 0.5-1.5% by weight of Cu; 15-17, preferably 15.5-16.5 wt% Cr; 0.5-0.7 Wt% V, 0.16-0.2 wt% N; 0.01-0.07% by weight of Nb and a sum of Mo and W in the range 1-6, preferably 1-4.
- Preferred levels of Mo are in Range of 1.5-3 wt .-%, of Mn in the range of 0.02-0.4 wt .-%, of Si im Range of 0.02-0.25 wt%.
- the C content is preferably 0.02% by weight.
- the alloying elements have the following influence:
- Chromium is the most important alloy element for corrosion resistance. On increasing alloy content increases the remaining austenite content. Above 17% chromium is no longer a martensitic hardenability. Quality Alloys can expect chromium contents between 15 and 17%. On a particularly preferred range is 15.5 to 16.5%.
- Nickel is an austenite stabilizing element and is used to suppress delta ferrite. Within the framework of the desired alloy design, at least 4% is necessary for this purpose. Increasing levels, however, lower the M s temperature and increase the residual austenite content. Above 10% nickel, martensitic hardenability in the presence of approx. 15% chromium is no longer possible.
- Cobalt is an austenite stabilizing element and is also used to suppress delta ferrite. Unlike nickel, however, it lowers the M s temperature far less, so that martensitic hardenable alloys with cobalt contents of up to 15% can be designed. Cobalt also increases the precipitation hardenability through molybdenum and tungsten. Taking into account the high price of cobalt and the improvements that can be achieved, a preferred range is 1 to 7% cobalt.
- Both elements contribute to the strength through mixed crystal hardening. At higher levels, they can also significantly increase strength through precipitation hardening. Both elements, however, also lower the M s temperature and thus increase the residual austenite content. Therefore, the preferred proportion of molybdenum and tungsten is limited to a total of 6%. It is also known that molybdenum improves corrosion resistance. Therefore, molybdenum is preferred over tungsten. In terms of a preferred combination of strength and corrosion resistance, the preferred range of Mo is 1 to 4%. A particularly preferred range is 1.5 to 3%.
- V to N A preferred ratio of V to N is 3.5 to 4.2.
- the preferred nitrogen content is between 0.16 and 0.20 % and that of vanadium in the range between 0.5 and 7%.
- titanium leads to the formation of titanium nitrides. This phase can make a significant contribution to grain refinement and grain size limitation.
- the addition of more than 0.05% titanium leads to the formation of ineffective, coarse Titanium nitrides, which is why the proportion of titanium should be limited to 0.05%.
- Manganese is an austenite stabilizing element. However, its delta ferrite suppression effect is not as strong as that of nickel and cobalt. On the other hand, it greatly lowers the M s temperature. This combination of properties is very unfavorable in the context of the desired alloy design. Therefore, the weight fraction of manganese should not exceed 0.5%.
- Silicon should only be used for deoxidation purposes. Too high Levels, however, reduce toughness. Therefore, the weight percentage of Silicon can be limited to 0.5%.
- Carbon is an element that suppresses delta ferrite.
- this element leads to an additional reduction in the M s temperature and must therefore be limited to 0.05%.
- carbon promotes the grain boundary separation of chromium carbides during the tempering treatment and thus worsens the corrosion resistance (sensitization).
- the carbon should therefore preferably be limited to 0.03%.
- Tempered austenite is produced, and the special nitrides are not only used Grain size limitation at high austenitizing temperatures and Precipitation hardening used, but they also allow a finer Distribution of austenite components within the basic martensitic structure.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of an alloy according to the invention. It is martensitic and is divided into former austenite grains 1, which in Martensite crystals (blocks) 2, which in turn are broken down into a set of columnar subcells (slats) 3 are broken down.
- Vanadium nitrides 5 and vanadium / niobium nitrides 4 are in this structure embedded. These nitrides either have high austenitizing temperatures survived (primary nitrides 4) or were found in subsequent ones Heat treatment stages formed (secondary nitrides 5). Secondary nitrides 5 can occur during a reaustenitization at lower temperatures as well be formed during a martenitis 2 temper treatment.
- Austenite grains 6 are additionally embedded in this structure.
- This austenite 6 is to be understood as an austenite because it is during a final Tempering treatment is generated and after cooling to room temperature remains.
- the primary nitrides 4 are somewhat coarser than the secondary nitrides 5, but both Nitride types 4 and 5 are very evenly distributed. Because of this uniformity an optimized hardening effect is achieved. This happens both over Grain refinement as well as particle hardening. Due to the uniformity and due to the low tendency to coarsen the primary vanadium / niobium mixed nitrides 4 resistance to massive grain coarsening except for Temperatures of 1180 ° C ensured.
- Nitrides which are dissolved when austenitization is carried out at 1180 ° C, can to a large extent be re-precipitated with a reaustitization between 730 and 850 ° C. These nitrides 5 remain sufficiently fine so that they contribute to the overall strength achieved by particle hardening. It is essential, however, that grain refinement is associated with the reaustenitization, which is effectively supported by the presence of the primary nitrides 4 as well as the newly formed vanadium nitrides 5. Grain refinement and re-excretion of nitrides 5 together enable a very effective increase in the M s temperature.
- Tempering austenite 6 develops at temperatures between 550 and 650 ° C. Above a temperature of 600 ° C vanadium nitrides 5 can easily in the martensitic matrix 2 are excreted and provide a significant Strength contribution. It is important that the tempering austenite 6 in its growth is strongly affected by the nitrides 4, 5 present. If it is possible to produce austenite 6 with a high nucleus density, it can within the martensite 2 and under the action of the present nitrides 4, 5 be evenly and finely distributed. An increased germ density can be caused by a fine martensite 2 can be ensured.
- chromium nitride is suppressed because the nitrogen is already in the preceding heat treatment phase is set. This leaves chrome in solution and the susceptibility to sensitization is low.
- Precipitation hardening can be further increased with copper.
- a further precipitation hardening is through the addition of molybdenum and / or Tungsten in combination with nickel and cobalt possible.
- the addition of molybdenum can further improve the corrosion resistance.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 show strength values of the alloys AP39 (FIG. 3), AP40 (FIG. 4) and AP41 (FIG. 5) after solution annealing at 1180 ° C., intermediate annealing at 640 ° C., 730 ° C. or 780 ° C, and a final tempering treatment at 600 ° C.
- the strengths (yield strength R p0.2 and tensile strength R m ) are compared with typical values of the alloy 14-5ph known from the prior art in the heat-treated state LZA450, LZA550 and LZA4620.
- the open symbols refer to the yield strength, the closed symbols to the tensile strength.
- All three alloys according to the invention have the final Tempering treatment at 600 ° C tensile strength values which are close or clear above the upper end of the 14-5ph steel.
- Alloys A39 and A41 have the final one Tempering treatment at 600 ° C yield strength values, to which near or clear above the upper end of the 14-5ph steel.
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Abstract
Description
Ausscheidungshärtung | 450 bis 550 °C |
Anlassaustenit | 550 bis 650 °C |
- Fig. 1
- ein schematisch dargestelltes Gefügebild der erfindungsgemässen Legierung;
- Fig. 2
- die Abhängigkeit der Härte HV 10 von der Anlasstemperatur für drei erfindungsgemässe Legierungen (AP39, AP40, AP41) und für die Vergleichslegierung 17-4ph;
- Fig. 3
- die Abhängigkeit der Festigkeit der erfindungsgemässen Legierung AP39 von der Zwischenglühtemperatur im Vergleich zur Festigkeit der Vergleichslegierung 14-5ph bei unterschiedlichen Anlasstemperaturen;
- Fig. 4
- die Abhängigkeit der Festigkeit der erfindungsgemässen Legierung AP40 von der Zwischenglühtemperatur im Vergleich zur Festigkeit der Vergleichslegierung 14-5ph bei unterschiedlichen Anlasstemperaturen;
- Fig. 5
- die Abhängigkeit der Festigkeit der erfindungsgemässen Legierung AP41 von der Zwischenglühtemperatur im Vergleich zur Festigkeit der Vergleichslegierung 14-5ph bei unterschiedlichen Anlasstemperaturen.
- Massive Kornvergröberung setzt bei höheren Temperaturen ein. Dadurch können höhere Austenitisierungstemperaturen angewendet werden, womit auch ein grösserer Volumenanteil von Sondernitriden in Lösung gebracht werden kann.
- Die Kornfeinung bei der Reaustenitisierung ist durch die Anwesenheit und Neubildung von Sondernitriden verbessert. Kornfeinung und Neuausscheidung von Nitriden ermöglichen eine wirksame Steigerung der Ms-Temperatur. Die neugebildeten Nitride liefern einen zusätzlichen Festigkeitsbeitrag durch Teilchenhärtung.
- Der Anlassaustenit wird als Folge der dicht vorliegenden Nitride in seinem Wachstum begrenzt. Er kann dadurch gleichmässiger und feiner in das martensitische Grundgefüge eingebettet werden. Durch die Gleichmässigkeit und Feinheit geht keine Festigkeit verloren, das Verhältnis Streckgrenze/Zugfestigkeit bleibt hoch.
- Die Vanadiumnitride sind unter den Anlassbedingungen, unter denen der Anlassaustenit gebildet wird (550 bis 650 °C) hinreichend stabil gegen Vergröberung, so dass mit der Bildung des Anlassaustenits keine Überalterung der Ausscheidungsphasen verknüpft ist.
- Die erfindungsgemässe Legierung ist gut gegenüber der Ausscheidung von Chromkarbid oder Chromnitrid stabilisiert. Damit kann die Korrosionsbeständigkeit hoch gehalten werden.
Chemische Zusammensetzung | |||||
17-4ph | 14-5ph | AP39 | AP40 | AP41 | |
Fe | Rest | Rest | Rest | Rest | Rest |
Cr | 15.4 | 14 | 15.2 | 15.1 | 15.0 |
Ni | 4.4 | 5 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.4 |
Mn | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
Si | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.16 |
Co | n.b. | n.b. | 4.7 | 4.6 | 2.6 |
Cu | 3.3 | 1.6 | n.s. | 3.4 | 3.4 |
V | n.s. | n.s. | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.64 |
Ti | n.s | n.s. | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.004 |
Nb | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
Mo | n.s. | 1.5 | 1 | 0.9 | 1 |
N | n.s | n.s. | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
C | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
Wärmebehandlungsparameter | ||||||
14-5ph | AP39-41 | |||||
LZA450 | LZA550 | LZA620 | WB1 | WB2 | WB3 | |
Lösungsglühen L Zwischen glühen Z | 1050°C | 1050°C | 1050°C | 1180°C/ 2h | 1180°C/ 2h | 1180°C/ 2h |
850°C/2h | 750°C/2h | 750°C/2h | 640°C/2h | 730°C/2h | 780°C/2h | |
Anlassen A | 450°C/5h | 550°C/2h | 620°C/2h | 600°C/1h | 600°C/1h | 600°C/1h |
- 1
- Korn
- 2
- Martensit (Blöcke)
- 3
- Subkörner (Latten)
- 4
- Sekundäre Nitride
- 5
- Primäre Nitride
- 6
- Anlassaustenit
- T
- Anlasstemperatur
- Rp0.2
- Streckgrenze
- Rm
- Zugfestigkeit
Claims (17)
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl gekennzeichnet durch folgende Zusammensetzung (Angabe in Gew.-%): 15-18 Cr, maximal 0.5 Mn, 4-10 Ni, maximal 15 Co, maximal 4 W, maximal 4 Mo, 0.5-1 V, mindestens eines aus Nb, Ta, Hf und Zr in der Summe zwischen 0.001-0.1, 0.001-0.05 Ti, maximal 0.5 Si, maximal 0.05 C, 0.13-0.25 N, maximal 4 Cu, Rest Eisen und übliche Verunreinigungen und der Massgabe, dass das Gewichtsverhältnis von Vanadium zu Stickstoff V/N im Bereich zwischen 3.5 und 4.2 liegt.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 1 bis 10 Gew.-% Co.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 0.5-3 Gew.-% Cu.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch 0.5-1.5 Gew.-% Cu.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 15-17 Gew.-% Cr.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch 15.5-16.5 Gew.-% Cr.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch maximal 0.03 Gew.-% C.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet durch maximal 0.02 Gew.-% C.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 0.5-0.7 Gew.-% V und 0.16-0.20 Gew.-% N.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 0.01-0.07 Gew.-% Nb.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine Summe von Mo und W im Bereich zwischen 1 und 6 Gew.-%.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 11, gekennzeichnet durch 1-4 Gew.-% Mo.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 12, gekennzeichnet durch 1.5-3 Gew.-% Mo.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 0.02-0.4 Gew.-% Mn.
- Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 0.02-0.25 Gew.-% Si.
- Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines Vergütungsstahles nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schritte:Lösungsglühen bei 1050-1250 °C/0.2-10 h, Abkühlung an Luft auf RTZwischenglühung bei 640 °C bis 780 °C/0.2-10 hAnlassbehandlung bei 570-630 °C/0.2-5 h.
- Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines Vergütungsstahles nach Anspruch 16, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schritte:Lösungsglühen bei 1180 °C/2 h, Abkühlung an Luft auf RTZwischenglühung bei 640 °C bis 780 °C/2 hAnlassbehandlung bei 600 °C/1 h.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10063117 | 2000-12-18 | ||
DE10063117A DE10063117A1 (de) | 2000-12-18 | 2000-12-18 | Umwandlungskontrollierter Nitrid-ausscheidungshärtender Vergütungsstahl |
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EP1215299A2 true EP1215299A2 (de) | 2002-06-19 |
EP1215299A3 EP1215299A3 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1215299B1 EP1215299B1 (de) | 2005-03-09 |
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US (1) | US6592685B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1215299B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1252305C (de) |
DE (2) | DE10063117A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20070261768A1 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-15 | Reynolds Harris A Jr | Method for designing corrosion resistant alloy tubular strings |
EP2265739B1 (de) | 2008-04-11 | 2019-06-12 | Questek Innovations LLC | Durch kupfer-nukleierte nitridablagerungen gehärteter martensitischer edelstahl |
US10351922B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2019-07-16 | Questek Innovations Llc | Surface hardenable stainless steels |
CN101693976B (zh) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-06-15 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 转炉炼钢的钒氮微合金化方法 |
CN102001442B (zh) * | 2010-11-16 | 2013-09-18 | 宝鼎重工股份有限公司 | 一种铸造成型的桨叶导向架及铸造成型方法 |
CN102001441B (zh) * | 2010-11-16 | 2013-04-10 | 宝鼎重工股份有限公司 | 一种铸造成型的桨叶导向架及铸造成型方法 |
UA111115C2 (uk) | 2012-04-02 | 2016-03-25 | Ейкей Стіл Пропертіс, Інк. | Рентабельна феритна нержавіюча сталь |
CN103736945A (zh) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-23 | 天水星火机床有限责任公司 | 一种减少铁水浇注件裂纹的方法 |
WO2015163509A1 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-10-29 | Songwon Industrial Co., Ltd. | Hydrogel comminuting device comprising rotating steel component in the production of water-absorbent polymer particles |
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US5415706A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1995-05-16 | Abb Management Ag | Heat- and creep-resistant steel having a martensitic microstructure produced by a heat-treatment process |
RU2071989C1 (ru) * | 1993-07-22 | 1997-01-20 | Московский институт стали и сплавов | Сталь (ее варианты) |
EP0780483A1 (de) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-06-25 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Hochfester wärmebeständiger austenitischer Stahl mit verbesserter Schweissbarkeit |
DE19614407A1 (de) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-10-16 | Abb Research Ltd | Martensitisch-austenitischer Stahl |
US6030469A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2000-02-29 | Abb Research Ltd. | Fully martensitic steel alloy |
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DE891399C (de) * | 1940-06-20 | 1953-09-28 | Eisen & Stahlind Ag | Austenitische Stahllegierungen fuer Gegenstaende, die bei ihrer Herstellung oder im Betrieb einer Erwaermung ausgesetzt werden |
CN1039036C (zh) * | 1993-12-28 | 1998-07-08 | 新日本制铁株式会社 | 耐热影响区软化性能优良的马氏体耐热钢及其制造方法 |
DE19740908C1 (de) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-08-05 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Anzeigeelement für die Verwendung in einem magnetischen Diebstahlsicherungssystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aktivierungsstreifens hierfür |
DE10025808A1 (de) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-29 | Alstom Power Nv | Martensitisch-härtbarer Vergütungsstahl mit verbesserter Warmfestigkeit und Duktilität |
-
2000
- 2000-12-18 DE DE10063117A patent/DE10063117A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-12-04 EP EP01128805A patent/EP1215299B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 DE DE50105523T patent/DE50105523D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-05 US US10/002,117 patent/US6592685B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-18 CN CNB011437103A patent/CN1252305C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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US5415706A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1995-05-16 | Abb Management Ag | Heat- and creep-resistant steel having a martensitic microstructure produced by a heat-treatment process |
RU2071989C1 (ru) * | 1993-07-22 | 1997-01-20 | Московский институт стали и сплавов | Сталь (ее варианты) |
EP0780483A1 (de) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-06-25 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Hochfester wärmebeständiger austenitischer Stahl mit verbesserter Schweissbarkeit |
DE19614407A1 (de) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-10-16 | Abb Research Ltd | Martensitisch-austenitischer Stahl |
US6030469A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2000-02-29 | Abb Research Ltd. | Fully martensitic steel alloy |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6592685B2 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
DE50105523D1 (de) | 2005-04-14 |
US20020139449A1 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
DE10063117A1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
CN1368560A (zh) | 2002-09-11 |
EP1215299A3 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1215299B1 (de) | 2005-03-09 |
CN1252305C (zh) | 2006-04-19 |
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