EP1206793B1 - Source lumineuse avec filament chauffé indirectement - Google Patents

Source lumineuse avec filament chauffé indirectement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1206793B1
EP1206793B1 EP00929240A EP00929240A EP1206793B1 EP 1206793 B1 EP1206793 B1 EP 1206793B1 EP 00929240 A EP00929240 A EP 00929240A EP 00929240 A EP00929240 A EP 00929240A EP 1206793 B1 EP1206793 B1 EP 1206793B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filament
light source
bulb
source according
carbide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00929240A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1206793A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg ARNOLD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IP2H AG
Original Assignee
IP2H AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IP2H AG filed Critical IP2H AG
Publication of EP1206793A1 publication Critical patent/EP1206793A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1206793B1 publication Critical patent/EP1206793B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H01K1/14—Incandescent bodies characterised by the shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
    • H01K3/02—Manufacture of incandescent bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a light source, in particular an incandescent lamp, comprising a bulb, a filament arranged in the bulb and a heating device for the filament, wherein the filament emits both visible light and heat radiation and wherein the heating device has a heating element for indirect heating of the filament.
  • Light sources have long been known from practice and exist in a variety of embodiments and sizes.
  • incandescent lamps are known as electric light sources, in which a tungsten wire is generally brought to the highest possible temperature by the electric current heat. At the same time, temperature radiation is generated. The luminous efficacy of glowing wires increases strongly with increasing temperature.
  • non-thermal radiation sources such as discharge lamps are known as noble gas, mercury, sodium or metal halide discharge lamps in high or low pressure versions.
  • One way to increase the efficiency of known light sources is to reflect the heat radiated from the filament or filament from the inside of the bulb back onto the filament or filament. This results in a kind of back heating of the filament or the filament. As a result, less electrical power is needed to achieve the same filament temperature than when heated without reflection.
  • the visible, transmitted by the bulb light output remains the same. Ideally, only that electrical power is required which corresponds to the visible emitted light power and the absorbed by the piston thermal power loss. The conversion efficiency is thus improved by the reflected heat radiation component.
  • the conversion efficiency could theoretically be increased up to 75% or 140 lumens / watt be based on the usual thermal power dissipation of tungsten lamps of about 25% and neglected the radiation absorption of a mirroring of the inside of the piston, for example, dielectric Veradorungen have an absorption of typically 0.1%.
  • the photon flux is allowed to experience only 1000 reflections on the inside of the bulb until it is completely absorbed in the bulb.
  • the probability that the photon flux on the reflection path strikes the filament or the filament and is absorbed there, is proportional to the ratio of the filament volume or the filament surface to the reflective piston volume or to the reflective piston surface.
  • a light source of the aforementioned type with all features of the preamble of claim 1 is known. Indirect heating is carried out inductively.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a light source of the type mentioned, in which the most efficient heating of the filament is achieved.
  • the filament could be band-shaped or generally formed as a surface filament.
  • the filament could also be formed generally as a bulk filament, i. as a filament occupying a spatial volume or comprising a volume.
  • the filament could be cup-shaped or cylinder jacket-shaped.
  • an embodiment as a complete cylinder jacket or as part of a cylinder jacket, in particular as Zylindermantelhdroit conceivable.
  • such a cylinder jacket could also be formed open or longitudinally slotted on the side. This is favorable in view of the thermal expansion behavior of the filament.
  • the diameter of the cylinder jacket or the cylinder jacket part or the cylinder jacket half be only slightly smaller than the diameter of the piston.
  • the piston could be tubular.
  • the filament could be arranged concentrically in the piston and / or coaxial with a longitudinal axis of the piston in the piston.
  • the filament could divide the interior of the piston into one or more half or partial spaces.
  • the piston could have such a large outer surface that surface heat generated by, for example, heat radiation absorption can be dissipated by convection cooling or other forced cooling.
  • the size and shape of the filament and the piston could be matched accordingly.
  • the filament could comprise tungsten and / or rhenium and / or tantalum and / or zirconium and / or niobium.
  • the filament could have the latter materials in sintered form.
  • the filament could be at least partially constructed on a non-metal. This could improve the mechanical stability of the filament.
  • the filament could at least partially be composed of tantalum carbide and / or rhenium carbide and / or niobium carbide and / or zirconium carbide.
  • surface temperatures could be achieved which are higher than is usual for known tungsten filament lamps.
  • the heating element is a heating element heated by electric current.
  • the filament is heated by the heat radiation of the glow element.
  • the heating element can be adapted independently of the filament to the required lamp power.
  • the heating element could be a heating coil in a particularly simple manner.
  • the heating element is arranged within a space formed by the filament, preferably within a cylinder jacket or a cylinder jacket half.
  • the glow element could additionally contribute to light generation.
  • the glow element radiates in the direction predetermined by the configuration of the filament.
  • the light source could already emit light before the filament is heated to the temperature required for the light emission. A time delay between activation of the light source and light emission is thereby largely avoided.
  • the heating element could be formed from tungsten.
  • the use of conventional Wolframsammlungratln is conceivable.
  • the filament could be attached to a power supply for the heating element or glow element. As a result, additional holding devices for the filament in the piston are avoided.
  • the piston could have on its inside a VerLiteung.
  • This could, in a particularly favorable manner, be a dielectric multilayer coating.
  • there is a spectrally selective reflection which essentially reflects the heat radiation component and transmits the proportion of visible radiation.
  • heat radiation is also emitted directly from the heating element to the inside of the piston.
  • the light source according to the invention could be referred to as a radiation furnace lamp, wherein the piston forms an internally heated radiation furnace for the infrared radiation.
  • the color temperature of the light source can be set independently of the surface temperature of the filament or the heating element. This can be done by the spectrally selective mirroring, which can specify the transmitted spectral distribution of the radiation power emitted from the bulb and thus the color temperature.
  • the surface temperature of both the heating element and the filament can be reduced compared to previous thermal light sources of the same light output, because on the one hand, the total radiant power of the heating element must correspond only to the sum of the visible radiant power and the thermal power loss of the light source. However, this is lower by the reflected and reabsorbed heat radiation fraction or infrared radiation power fraction than the total radiation power of comparable previous thermal radiators.
  • the entire thermal radiation is specific to the temperature according to the Stefan-Bolzmann law, so that the heating element of the light source according to the invention compared to the directly heated filament of comparable previous thermal light sources can be operated at a lower temperature.
  • the surface temperature of the filament can also be set comparatively lower because the comparable visible luminous flux can be generated by a larger and colder surface of the filament.
  • the filament surface forms a new additional structural degree of freedom.
  • the filament can be operated at a relatively low temperature and thus also a relatively low evaporation of the filament material is achieved, a disturbing evaporation due to the very large surface, which is as close as possible to the piston inside, occur.
  • the reflectivity of the inside of the piston or the mirror coating on the inside of the piston is reduced and increases the absorption of the piston or the mirroring or the thermal power loss. Therefore, it is desirable to minimize the evaporation of the filament material as much as possible.
  • a noble gas and / or a halogen gas could be present in the piston, wherein the halogen gas could have bromine and / or iodine.
  • the halogen gas could have bromine and / or iodine.
  • An alternative solution to the problem of evaporation could be by coating the filament and / or the annealing element with a coating material having a higher melting point than the filament and / or filament material. This is due to the dependence of the temperature-dependent vapor pressure of a solid on its melting point. Furthermore, the precipitate of the coating material could exhibit a lower absorptivity than the precipitate of the usual filament or calcination material.
  • the coating material with a very high melting point for example, tantalum carbide and / or rhenium carbide and / or niobium carbide and / or zirconium carbide could be used.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a perspective side view of the embodiment of a light source according to the invention.
  • the light source is designed as a light bulb, which has a piston 1, in which a filament 2 is arranged.
  • a heating device 3 is provided, which provides an electric current.
  • the heated filament 2 emits both visible light and heat radiation.
  • the temperature of the heated filament 2 may be about 3000 degrees Celsius.
  • the heating device 3 has a heating element 4 for indirect heating of the filament 2.
  • the heating element 4 is a heating element in helical form and may for example consist of tungsten.
  • the filament 2 is formed substantially cylindrical shell-shaped and therefore has a large absorption surface for heat radiation, which is reflected from the inside of the piston 1. As a result, the filament 2 is effectively reheated by the reflected heat radiation. This makes it possible to choose a lower temperature of the heating element 4 than would be required in a conventional light source with the same light output. Consequently, the light source according to the invention can be operated with lower energy and thus more economically than conventional light sources.
  • the cylinder jacket-shaped filament 2 is attached in a simple manner to a power supply 5 for the heating element 4.
  • the heating element 4 or heating element in the form of a helix is positioned concentrically and coaxially with the filament 2.
  • the filament 2 is in turn arranged concentrically and coaxially with the quasi-tubular piston 1 in the piston 1.
  • the cylinder jacket-shaped or tubular filament 2 is formed of tungsten.
  • the diameter of the filament 2 is only slightly smaller than the diameter of the piston 1.
  • a reflective coating 7 is provided on the inside of the piston 1.
  • the mirror coating 7 serves for effective reflection of the heat radiation emitted by the heating element 4 and / or by the filament 2.
  • the heating element 4 and / or the filament 2 could have a coating of a material with a very high melting point. As a result, evaporation of filament and / or heating element material could be reduced.
  • the filament 2 is arranged substantially concentrically in the piston 1 and that the heating element 4 is positioned substantially centrally in the filament 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Source lumineuse, en particulier lampe à incandescence, avec une ampoule (1), un filament (2) disposé dans l'ampoule (1) et un dispositif de chauffage (3) pour le filament (2), le filament (2) émettant non seulement de la lumière visible mais encore un rayonnement calorifique et le dispositif de chauffage (3) présentant un élément de chauffage (4) pour le chauffage indirect du filament (2),
    caractérisée par le fait que l'élément de chauffage (4) est un élément à incandescence chauffé par un courant électrique et que l'élément à incandescence est disposé à l'intérieur d'un volume formé par le filament (2), de préférence à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe cylindrique ou d'une demi enveloppe cylindrique.
  2. Source lumineuse selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée par le fait que le filament est conformé sous forme de bande ou en tant que filament plan ou que le filament (2) est conformé en forme de cuvette, en forme d'enveloppe cylindrique ou en tant que filament volumique ou que le filament est conformé en tant que demi enveloppe cylindrique ou que le filament (2) est conformé en tant qu'enveloppe cylindrique ouverte fendue longitudinalement, le diamètre de l'enveloppe cylindrique ou de la demi enveloppe cylindrique n'étant de préférence que légèrement inférieur au diamètre de l'ampoule (1).
  3. Source lumineuse selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée par le fait que le filament (2) est disposé concentriquement dans l'ampoule (1) et/ou que le filament (2) est disposé coaxialement à un axe longitudinal de l'ampoule (1).
  4. Source lumineuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée par le fait que le filament (2) présente du tungstène et/ou du rhénium et /ou du tantale et/ou du zirconium et/ou du niobium, de préférence sous forme frittée, et/ou que le filament est constitué au moins partiellement d'un non-métal et/ou que le filament est constitué au moins partiellement de carbure de tantale et/ou de carbure de rhénium et/ou de carbure de niobium et/ou de carbure de zirconium.
  5. Source lumineuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée par le fait que l'élément à incandescence est une spirale de filament.
  6. Source lumineuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée par le fait que l'élément à incandescence est formé de tungstène.
  7. Source lumineuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée par le fait que le filament (2) est fixé à une alimentation de courant (5) pour l'élément de chauffage (4).
  8. Source lumineuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée par le fait que l'ampoule (1) présente sur sa face intérieure une métallisation (7), la métallisation (7) étant de préférence formée par un revêtement multicouche diélectrique.
  9. Source lumineuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisée par le fait qu'un gaz rare et/ou un gaz halogène sont présents dans l'ampoule, le gaz halogène présentant de préférence du brome et/ou de l'iode.
  10. Source lumineuse selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisée par le fait que le filament (2) et/ou l'élément à incandescence sont recouverts par un matériau de revêtement qui présente un point de fusion plus élevé que le matériau du filament et/ou de l'élément à incandescence, le matériau de revêtement présentant de préférence du carbure de tantale et/ou du carbure de rhénium et/ou du carbure de niobium et/ou du carbure de zirconium.
EP00929240A 1999-08-22 2000-03-24 Source lumineuse avec filament chauffé indirectement Expired - Lifetime EP1206793B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19939903 1999-08-22
DE19939903 1999-08-22
DE19948420 1999-10-08
DE19948420 1999-10-08
PCT/DE2000/000911 WO2001015206A1 (fr) 1999-08-22 2000-03-24 Source lumineuse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1206793A1 EP1206793A1 (fr) 2002-05-22
EP1206793B1 true EP1206793B1 (fr) 2006-10-25

Family

ID=26054698

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00929240A Expired - Lifetime EP1206793B1 (fr) 1999-08-22 2000-03-24 Source lumineuse avec filament chauffé indirectement
EP00929241A Withdrawn EP1206794A1 (fr) 1999-08-22 2000-03-24 Source lumineuse et procede de fabrication de ladite source

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00929241A Withdrawn EP1206794A1 (fr) 1999-08-22 2000-03-24 Source lumineuse et procede de fabrication de ladite source

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US6903508B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1206793B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2003508875A (fr)
KR (2) KR20020038737A (fr)
CN (2) CN1215527C (fr)
AT (1) ATE343850T1 (fr)
AU (2) AU4742200A (fr)
BR (2) BR0013480A (fr)
DE (1) DE50013668D1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1048704A1 (fr)
MX (2) MXPA02001858A (fr)
RU (1) RU2260226C2 (fr)
WO (2) WO2001015207A1 (fr)

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DE102004034807A1 (de) * 2004-07-19 2006-03-16 Ip2H Ag Lichtquelle und ein Verfahren zur mechanischen Stabilisierung des Filaments oder der Elektrode einer Lichtquelle
DE102004034787A1 (de) * 2004-07-19 2006-03-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem Leuchtkörper
WO2006040872A1 (fr) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil de conversion d'energie
DE102004052044A1 (de) 2004-10-26 2006-04-27 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Glühlampe mit einem Leuchtkörper, der eine hochtemperaturbeständige Metallverbindung enthält
DE102006020581A1 (de) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Zwei-Metall-Umspinnung
DE102006035792A1 (de) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Glühlampe mit einem carbidhaltigen Leuchtkörper
US20080237541A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-02 General Electric Company Thermo-optically functional compositions, systems and methods of making
US20080237500A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-02 General Electric Company Thermo-optically functional compositions, systems and methods of making
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JP6519103B2 (ja) * 2014-06-05 2019-05-29 日本電気株式会社 光放射構造体及びそれを用いた熱光起電力発電システム、可視光照明装置、ガス検知装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1370328A (zh) 2002-09-18
BR0013480A (pt) 2002-04-30
WO2001015207A1 (fr) 2001-03-01
KR100664601B1 (ko) 2007-01-04
BR0013489A (pt) 2002-05-14
HK1048704A1 (en) 2003-04-11
US6777859B1 (en) 2004-08-17
JP2003507878A (ja) 2003-02-25
CN1370327A (zh) 2002-09-18
JP2003508875A (ja) 2003-03-04
EP1206793A1 (fr) 2002-05-22
MXPA02001858A (es) 2004-03-10
KR20020038737A (ko) 2002-05-23
CN1211829C (zh) 2005-07-20
AU4742300A (en) 2001-03-19
AU4742200A (en) 2001-03-19
US6903508B1 (en) 2005-06-07
WO2001015206A1 (fr) 2001-03-01
ATE343850T1 (de) 2006-11-15
CN1215527C (zh) 2005-08-17
DE50013668D1 (de) 2006-12-07
RU2260226C2 (ru) 2005-09-10
KR20020038736A (ko) 2002-05-23
MXPA02001856A (es) 2004-03-10
EP1206794A1 (fr) 2002-05-22

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