EP1203269A1 - Verfahren und steuerung zur positionsregelung eines bandförmigen bildträgers in einem elektrographischen gerät - Google Patents
Verfahren und steuerung zur positionsregelung eines bandförmigen bildträgers in einem elektrographischen gerätInfo
- Publication number
- EP1203269A1 EP1203269A1 EP00958339A EP00958339A EP1203269A1 EP 1203269 A1 EP1203269 A1 EP 1203269A1 EP 00958339 A EP00958339 A EP 00958339A EP 00958339 A EP00958339 A EP 00958339A EP 1203269 A1 EP1203269 A1 EP 1203269A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- image carrier
- belt
- intermediate image
- mark
- edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/75—Details relating to xerographic drum, band or plate, e.g. replacing, testing
- G03G15/754—Details relating to xerographic drum, band or plate, e.g. replacing, testing relating to band, e.g. tensioning
- G03G15/755—Details relating to xerographic drum, band or plate, e.g. replacing, testing relating to band, e.g. tensioning for maintaining the lateral alignment of the band
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/01—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for producing multicoloured copies
- G03G15/0142—Structure of complete machines
- G03G15/0178—Structure of complete machines using more than one reusable electrographic recording member, e.g. one for every monocolour image
- G03G15/0194—Structure of complete machines using more than one reusable electrographic recording member, e.g. one for every monocolour image primary transfer to the final recording medium
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/00135—Handling of parts of the apparatus
- G03G2215/00139—Belt
- G03G2215/00143—Meandering prevention
- G03G2215/00156—Meandering prevention by controlling drive mechanism
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/00135—Handling of parts of the apparatus
- G03G2215/00139—Belt
- G03G2215/00143—Meandering prevention
- G03G2215/0016—Meandering prevention by mark detection, e.g. optical
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/00362—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes relating to the copy medium handling
- G03G2215/00535—Stable handling of copy medium
- G03G2215/00556—Control of copy medium feeding
- G03G2215/00586—Control of copy medium feeding duplex mode
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a control for position control of a band-shaped intermediate image carrier in an electrographic device.
- Such ribbon-shaped intermediate image carriers are usually deflected over waltzes.
- an uncontrolled intermediate carrier was drifted out of its target track transversely to the transport direction.
- Such an intermediate image carrier and such an electrographic printing device are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,061,222.
- the intermediate carrier is an endless Ban ⁇ , which is guided over several deflection rollers.
- the tape has a light-sensitive, photoconductive layer on which an image can be generated by means of optical signals.
- the image is then colored with toner in a developer station in accordance with the optically applied information, and is printed on a recording medium at a transfer printing station.
- the lateral position of the photoconductor belt is regulated.
- a sensor is provided which detects a lateral edge of the photoconductor tape.
- the position signals are used to control a servomotor for tilting a deflecting roller and thus a control circuit for the position of the belt edge ⁇ eb idet. If you regulate the lateral position of the photoconductor belt by monitoring the actual position of the lateral belt edge, the regulated track follows irregularities in the belt edge. Depending on the act of the belt edge, this leads to a restless and therefore unfavorable running behavior of the belt.
- Photoconductor tape known. Deviations in the belt position from a target track are continuously corrected by one of the rollers over which the belt runs being tilted in a control process. In this system, disturbances which are caused by irregularities in the strip edge are compensated for. It is provided that marks are permanently applied to the tape at defined intervals over the entire tape circumference of the photoconductor tape along a tape edge. The belt contour is determined in a measuring process by which an actuator of the track control, namely the tiltable deflection roller, is set or capped so that the belt runs to one side on its desired position or track. Over a complete belt circulation, the applied marks are then detected with a sensor and the mark positions are stored as X positions of the belt.
- the lateral position of an edge of the tape is scanned with a second sensor.
- the Y value obtained is stored together with the associated X value as a pair of values in a table.
- the last stored X value of the value pairs corresponds to the same position mark on the photoconductor band as the first X value.
- the difference between the first Y value and the last Y value corresponds to the amount that the band has run sideways within one revolution.
- the determined Y values are then corrected by means of linear regression.
- the number table obtained in this way reflects the actual shape of the strip edge.
- Everyone marked The X position of the belt is thus clearly assigned a Y setpoint via the stored table values.
- the accuracy of the recorded tape contour is predetermined by the resolution of the marks applied to the tape. If you want to achieve a high resolution, you need high-resolution brands, which in turn require a relatively large amount of technical effort.
- EP-Bl-608 124 a method and a device are known in which the lateral position of a photoconductor tape in an electrophotographic printing device is controlled with a control coefficient.
- the lateral deflections of the photoconductor belt are determined, which result when a deflection motor, which acts on a deflection roller deflecting the belt, is successively moved from a starting position by a certain number of steps in two opposite directions.
- a control coefficient is then determined from the measured deflections.
- a plurality of notches are provided in the photoconductor tape to form the tape edge position, which form a Z-like shape. These notches are detected with a transmitted light sensor.
- the pulley can be both
- EP-A-785 480 describes a further device for regulating the lateral position of a
- Endless belt in an electrophotographic printing device known.
- the tape is over a Deflection roller guided, which is tilted on the one hand to regulate the lateral belt position and on the other hand is connected to a drive motor for the belt drive.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a system with which the lateral position of a band-shaped intermediate image carrier in an electrographic device can be maintained as precisely as possible.
- the invention provides that to regulate the lateral position of a band-shaped
- Intermediate image carrier a mark with a device-fixed sensor is detected regularly, time-correlated with the detection of Brand the lateral position of the intermediate image carrier is detected transversely to the direction of transport and between the regular detection of the mark, time-controlled intermediate measurements of the position of the intermediate image carrier are carried out.
- the detected position values of the intermediate image carrier are compared in each case with stored or calculated target position values and the comparison values for controlling
- Position correction means used with which the position of the intermediate image carrier can be changed transversely to the transport direction
- an improvement over known, controlled devices is achieved that a single mark on the intermediate image carrier is sufficient, and yet a high level of guiding accuracy can be achieved.
- the mark is used as a trigger mark, which t ⁇ ggert or controls the intermediate measurements, only a few marks up to hm to a single mark on the band-shaped intermediate image carrier about its lateral position (transverse to the direction of tape travel) and / or its position tape direction to regulate very precisely.
- the scanning locations along the band edge which result in this time control, in principle allow an arbitrarily high position determination, which is essentially determined by the time control, in particular by the frequency of the intermediate measurements initiated with the trigger mark or the trigger marks.
- the signals of a timer are particularly suitable for determining the times of the intermediate measurements.
- the intermediate image carrier is moved at a constant speed along the transport direction. Constant time impulses for the intermediate measurements then correspond to constant distances (positions) on the intermediate oil carrier.
- the invention also allows conclusions to be drawn about the tape travel in the transport direction by synchronizing the position of the trigger mark with the signals of the timer. Due to this mutual condition of the measuring accuracy in the transport direction and transversely to the transport direction, a highly precise, self-stabilizing belt transport system can be achieved with relatively little effort.
- the track of an endless belt is monitored by continuously scanning a belt edge. Deviations from the target track are continuously corrected by tilting one of the rollers over which the belt runs in a suitable manner.
- a band-shaped intermediate image carrier is provided with structured marks which lie in a track along the running direction of the band. In particular, they can lie periodically or statistically at a well-defined distance from the lateral band edge.
- the marks have one or more edges oblique to the vertical of the running direction, of which at least two edges are not parallel.
- the marks are scanned periodically with a sensor which has several measuring points along the transport direction.
- the spatial edge distance within the track scanned by the line camera is imaged as a snapshot on the detector via a suitable optical device, for example by means of a lens, a lens or a fiber-optic cable.
- the mark has at least one edge which is inclined to the transport direction of the intermediate image carrier in such a way that it is not perpendicular to it.
- the marks are preferably triangular marks.
- the position of the band-shaped intermediate image carrier can be measured precisely in the transport direction as well as perpendicular to the transport direction in the region of the mark with a single sensor.
- the second aspect of the invention also makes it possible to determine both the positions and the speed of the belt in the transport direction with high precision with relatively little sensor effort.
- a device for tensioning an endless belt comprises a deflection roller for deflecting the belt, which can be moved linearly along a first axis to compensate for belt length tolerances and can be pivoted about a second axis to regulate the lateral belt position.
- the two axes can be parallel to one another, in particular even identical, but also inclined to one another, in particular perpendicular to one another.
- the two movements of the deflecting roller can be carried out via a lever arrangement, but are decoupled from one another by providing two separate guides for the linear movement on the one hand and for the pivoting movement on the other hand.
- the linear movement can be supported by a spring that acts against the belt tension.
- the swiveling movement takes place by means of a drive which is connected to the roller without play.
- the freedom from play is achieved in particular by a preloaded sliding guide. For example unroll a cam disc (eccentric) directly connected to the drive on a lever arrangement engaging the deflection roller, which is biased with a spring in relation to the cam disc.
- the drive for the pivoting movement is in particular regulated.
- a sensor can be provided for regulation, which scans the lateral edge of the band-shaped image carrier.
- a mechanical touch sensor provided with a Hall sensor can be used for scanning the lateral band edge.
- the third aspect of the invention enables the highly precise, controlled positioning of the U ienkwalze both in the belt running direction and transverse to the belt running direction and thus a precise position of the intermediate carrier belt during operation.
- a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a sensor for sensing the position of the lateral edge of a band-shaped material, in particular an intermediate image carrier.
- the sensor is designed as a mechanical scanning sensor, in which a lever provided with a permanent magnet bears against the belt edge under pretension and whose measurement signals are generated by a Hall sensor.
- the sensor construction according to the fourth aspect makes it possible to analogously scan a lateral band position without using an optical sensor. This minimizes the risk of sensor failure due to deposited dust.
- a sensor can not only be used to implement two-point control, but also proportional-integral-differential control (PID).
- PID proportional-integral-differential control
- the sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted by the position of the working point.
- the Hall sensor further electronic amplification of the sensor signal can be dispensed with.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an electrophotographic printing device for printing on a tape-shaped recording medium
- Fig. 7 illustrations of the evaluation with two triangle marks
- Fig. 12 is a band edge sensor in use and
- the printing device shown in FIG. 1 for performance-adapted, monochrome and / or colored, em- or double-sided printing of a tape-shaped recording medium 10 is constructed in a modular manner and has in principle em feed module Ml, em print module M2, fixer module M3 and post-processing module M4.
- This printing device is described in WO-A-98/39691. The content of this WO publication is hereby incorporated by reference into the present description.
- the feed module Ml of the printing device contains the elements for feeding a continuous paper 10, for example drawn off by a stacker, to the printing module M2.
- the printing module M2 contains electrophotographic printing units, which the recording medium 10, i.e. the paper web, print.
- the record carrier 10 is then fixed in the fixing module M3 and cut or cut in the post-processing module M4. stacked.
- the printing module M2 contains the units required for printing a tape-shaped recording medium 10 with toner images, which are arranged on both sides of a transport channel 11 for the recording medium 10. These units essentially consist of two differently configurable electrophotography modules E1 and E2 with associated transfer modules T1 and T2.
- the modules El and T1 are assigned to the front of the recording carrier 10 and the modules E2 and T2 to the rear.
- the identical thawed electrophotography modules Ei and E2 contain a seamless photoconductor belt 13 guided over deflection rollers 12 and driven by an electric motor in the direction of arrow A, for example an organic photoconductor (Organic Photo Conductor, OPC). To drive the belt 13 a drive motor is provided which acts on one of the deflection rollers 12.
- OPC Organic Photo Conductor
- the units for the electrophotographic process are arranged along the light-sensitive outside of the OPC belt 13. They are used to generate toner images assigned to individual color separations on the photoconductor.
- the photoconductor moved in the direction of arrow A is first charged to a voltage of approximately -600 V with the aid of a charging device 14 and then at position 15a, depending on the formation, with the aid of an LED comb consisting of an LED comb
- Character generator 15 discharged to about -50 volts.
- the latent charge image thus generated which is located on the photoconductor, is then developed with the aid of developing stations 16/1 to 16/5 at corresponding developer positions, e.g. at position 16a for station 16/1, colored with toner.
- the image is then loosened with the aid of the intermediate exposure device 17 and transferred at a transfer printing position 18a in a transfer printing station 18a by means of transfer printing rollers 18 on a transfer belt 19 of the transfer belt module T1 with the aid of a transfer corona device 20.
- the entire photoconductor belt is discharged over the entire width with the aid of the discharge corona device 21 and cleaned of adhering toner dust via a cleaning device 22 with a cleaning brush.
- a subsequent intermediate exposure device 23 ensures a corresponding charge-related conditioning of the photoconductor tape, which, as already described, is then charged uniformly with the aid of the charge device 14.
- the developer stations 16/1 to 16/5 are switchable. They each contain the toner assigned to a single color separation.
- the developer station 16/1 contains black toner, the developer station 16/2 toner of the color yellow, the developer station 16/3 toner of the color Magenta, the developer station 16/4 toner of the color cyan and for example the developer station 16/5 blue toner or toner of a special color.
- Both developer and two-component toner developer stations can be used as developer stations.
- Fluidizmg toner e.g. be designed according to WO-A-98/27472.
- the developer station is switched by changing the electrical bias of the transfer roller or by changing the electrical bias of the applicator roller. It is also known to switch the developing stations by mechanically shifting them and thereby bringing them into contact with the photoconductor belt 13. Such a principle is e.g. known from DE-A-19618324.
- Developer station 16/1 to 16/5 always generated by a single developer station em toner image that is associated with a single color separation.
- This toner image is then electrostatically transferred to the transfer belt 19 of the transfer module T1 via the transfer printing device 18 in connection with the transfer corona device 20.
- the transfer module T1 contains the transfer belt 19, which consists of polyimide or a similar substance, and is guided around several deflection devices and is driven by a motor. Similar to the photoconductor belt 13, the transfer belt 19 is endless and without a seam. It moves n arrow B, starting from the transfer area with the roller 18 and the transfer corona device 20 to a transfer printing station 24 and from there further around a deflection roller 25 to a cleaning station 26 and from there again to
- the transfer belt 19 in the transfer module T1 functions as a collector for the individual toner images assigned to the color separations, which are transferred to the transfer belt 19 via the transfer device 18, 20.
- the individual toner images are then arranged one above the other so that an overall toner image corresponding to the color image is produced.
- the transfer module T1 contains a switchable transfer printing station 24. According to the illustration in FIG.
- this transfer module can contain a plurality of mechanically displaceable transfer printing rollers 28 with an associated transfer printing corona device 29
- transfer rollers 28 and transfer corona 29 are shifted upwards in accordance with the direction of arrow C, so that the transfer belt is spaced apart from the recording medium 10.
- the individual toner cartridges are taken over by the electrophotography module El and superimposed on the transfer belt 19.
- the cleaning station 26 is deactivated by swiveling away.
- the recording medium 12 is at rest in the area of the transfer printing station 24.
- the electrophotography module E2 and the transfer module T2 for the back of the recording medium 10 are constructed in accordance with the modules E1 and T1.
- a collective color toner image for the back is generated on the transfer belt T2, the corresponding transfer printing station 24 also being pivoted away in the “collecting” operating state.
- the transfer bands 19 of the transfer modules T1 and T2 are brought into contact with the recording medium 10 in the area of their transfer printing stations 24 and the recording medium 10 is moved in the process.
- the cleaning stations 26 of the transfer modules T1 and 72 are pivoted and activated. Nasr. Transfer of the two toner images to the front or the back of the recording medium 10, toner image residues adhering to the transfer belts 19 are removed via the cleaning stations 26. This is then followed by another collection cycle for generating new toner images, in which the transfer belt 19 has been pivoted away and the recording medium 10 is at a standstill. The transfer of the toner images from the transfer modules T1 and T2 to the recording medium 10 thus takes place in the start-stop mode of the recording medium.
- the record carrier 10 is moved in
- Corona devices 39 for paper conditioning may be arranged so that the paper 10 is charged e.g. is set uniformly.
- the feed module MI contains a loop puller 30.
- This loop puller 30, which acts as a tape store, buffers the record carrier 10 continuously withdrawn from a stacking device 31.
- the fixing module M3 serves this purpose. It contains an upper and lower row of infrared radiators 32 between which the paper transport channel for the recording medium 10 runs. Since there is a loose toner image on both the front and back of the recording medium, the
- the fixation takes place via the heat of the infrared emitters 32.
- the recording medium 10 is cooled and smoothed, for example by means of corresponding decurler devices. Blower-driven air chambers can serve as cooling elements 34.
- a corresponding postprocessing of the recording medium 10 takes place within the scope of the postprocessing module M4, which e.g. can contain a cutting device 36 with a stacking device 37.
- the printer has been described above using duplex and color.
- color images are printed on both sides of the recording medium 10 operated in the start-stop. This mode of operation is the slowest.
- most of the time is printed in one color in simplex or duplex mode.
- the recording medium 10 is moved continuously and the transfer stations T1 and T2 are continuously in contact with the recording medium. Only one developer station of the developer module E1 or E2 is activated, each of which generates a monochrome toner image which is transferred directly to the transfer belt 19 and from there to the recording medium 10.
- the transfer belts 19 work as direct transfer elements without a collecting function; the cleaning stations 26 are therefore continuously activated.
- the printing device is thus designed to be performance-adapted. This means that it is adapted to the most common monochrome print and particularly fast due to the continuous operation. If color printing is desired, the system switches to start-stop mode and the The time required depends on the number of colors contained in the color image and thus on the number of activated development stations 16/1 to 16/5. If, for example, only two colors are printed, for example black with red in the spot color process, only two transfer processes with collecting processes in the developer module El and in the transfer module T1 are required to display the collective toner image. The same applies to three colors, etc.
- various other operating states can be generated in the printer. So e.g. colored simplex by activating the developer module and transfer module only on the corresponding side of the recording medium or a mixed operation, e.g. Multi-color images are printed on the front and monochrome images on the back.
- a microprocessor-controlled device is used which is coupled to the device controller 40 (GS) of the printer
- Control device 41 which is connected to the components to be controlled and regulated by supply module M1, print module M2 and fixing module M3 or post-processing module M4. Within the modules, it is linked to the individual units, e.g. with the
- a control panel 42 Connected to the device controller 40 or the controller 41, which can be part of the device controller, is a control panel 42 (B) via which the various operating states can be entered.
- the control panel 42 can contain a touch screen screen or a personal computer (PC), for example a Siemens-Nixdorf Scenic Pro M7-PC with a coupled keyboard.
- PC personal computer
- the control itself can be constructed conventionally.
- FIG. 2 shows a device in which an endless belt 5 runs over three deflecting rollers 1, 2 and 3.
- the first Deflection roller 1 is designed as a control or regulating roller and serves in addition to the deflection function to stabilize the belt run.
- the regulating roller 1 is fastened in a rotating frame 7 which is pivotably and displaceably mounted.
- the rotating frame 7 can be moved in the direction D in the linear guide 8 in which the guide axis 9 runs.
- the guide axis 9, which is firmly connected to the rotating frame 7, can be pivoted in the direction E.
- the intermediate carrier belt 5 can be guided laterally, ie perpendicular to the belt transport direction A.
- the belt 5 is driven by a drive motor which acts on at least one of the rollers 1, 2 or 3.
- the drive motor is in particular controlled in a controlled manner, with signals about the actual belt speed that are generated with the brand sensor 52 being included in the control.
- Actuator 4 which is connected to a backdrop 6 with the rotating frame ⁇ .
- a single mark 51 from the intermediate carrier tape 5 - which can be, for example, the photoconductor tape 13 or the transfer tape 19 of FIG. 1.
- This mark 51 is used as a trigger mark to control the sequence (regulating the lateral band edge to a specific position). Starting from the trigger mark 51, the scanning locations along the band edge are determined by a time control. In principle, any resolution can be achieved.
- the pulses for scanning the tape edge, which correspond to an X position on the tape, are predetermined by the signals of a timer.
- the constant time pulses correspond to constant intervals (X position) on the belt 5
- Deviations from the defined scanning location (X position) on the belt must be sufficiently small.
- the resulting measurement error when scanning the belt edge using this timing control is therefore negligible if the belt is sufficiently synchronized.
- the scanning is synchronized with the trigger mark 51 once per belt revolution.
- the sensor 52 At each X position (in direction A) of the belt 5 predetermined by the timer pulses, the sensor 52 detects the lateral belt position perpendicular to the belt transport direction A, i.e. a Y position measured. The passage of the trigger mark 51 is measured with the sensor 50 and thus the circulation time for a belt circulation is detected.
- the sensors 50, 52 send the signals detected by them to a microprocessor module 55.
- This module 55 contains, inter alia, a pulse generator (timer) which emits signals at constant time intervals, to which the strip edge sensor 52 scans the strip edge.
- the microprocessor assembly 55 is connected to the device controller 40 via a line 58.
- the microprocessor assembly 55 compares the measured strip edge values (Y positions) and the associated, from the X position derived from the mark sensor 50, compared with target value pairs (X, Y) of a data memory 56. If the Y value measured by sensor 52 deviates from the corresponding Y value stored in data memory 56, then a control pulse is sent to the microprocessor module 55
- Motor control 57 given to actuate the servomotor 4 so that the lateral belt position of the belt 5 is corrected.
- sensor 52 for scanning the belt edge is an electromechanical scanner, in which the mechanical lever under the action of a spring on the belt edge is present and a lateral band movement acts on the electronic circuit via the lever, for example inductively or capacitively. The lever movement then changes electronic parameters of the circuit, such as inductance or capacitance, whereby the scanning signal is generated.
- optoelectronic scanners such as reflex or transmitted light barriers or CCD cameras are also suitable for both sensor 50 and sensor 52.
- step S1 a belt motor is switched on, which drives one of the rollers 1, 2 or 3 and moves the belt 5 in direction A.
- Sensor 50 monitors the belt run.
- the microprocessor controller 55 now waits until the sensor 50 detects the trigger mark 51 on the tape 5, ie the trigger mark has reached the sensor 50 (step S2).
- This position also marks the first X target value x 0.
- the current Y position of the lateral belt edge, which was detected by the sensor 52 is also scanned and recorded in table 56 together with the associated X value ( Step S3).
- the timer is started in the microprocessor 55 and the next pair of values is entered into the data memory 56 on the continuously running tape after the first time interval or with the pulse emitted by the timer.
- the X position of the belt is calculated from the time (frequency) specified by the timer and the current belt speed of the belt 5.
- the Y value is again determined using the belt edge sensor 52 (step S4). Steps S3 and S4 are repeated until the tape circulation has ended, ie until the trigger mark 51 has reached sensor 50 again (step S5).
- the value pairs of the previously scanned tape circulation must now be corrected to such an extent that a lateral drift of the tape must be subtracted in order to determine the actual tape contour to be stored in the data memory 56.
- the first and the last Y value which were each located at the same X location, ie on the trigger mark 51 of the band 5, are used.
- the difference between the first Y value and the last Y value corresponds to the amount that the band 5 has run sideways within one revolution.
- the determined Y values can thus be corrected simply by linear regression.
- the table of values (X, Y) thus obtained then reflects the actual shape of the strip edge. Each set X position of the belt is therefore uniquely assigned a Y setpoint via the saved table.
- FIG. 5 describes how the lateral belt run is maintained during the operation of an electrographic device in which an endless belt runs.
- step S10 the belt motor is switched on, corresponding to step S1.
- the microprocessor control 55 then waits again until the trigger mark 11 has reached the mark sensor 50 (step S11).
- the current position of the strip edge is then recorded with the edge sensor 52 (step S12).
- step S12 the difference between the currently measured Y value of the strip edge and the Y value ⁇ 0 (the value belonging to the trigger mark) stored in the memory 55 is formed. This difference value is used as an input variable in the subsequent control process. In this control process
- Step S14 a control value for the servomotor 4 is formed, with which the circulating belt 5 in the target position, i.e. in the direction of the stored Y setpoint.
- the controller can be designed as a proportional controller or as a proportional-integral controller.
- Step S15 in turn waits for the time interval specified by the timer or its pulses and checks whether the belt is still running (step S16). If the belt is stationary, the control process is ended. If the belt is still running, it is checked whether the number of measured values for a complete belt circulation has been reached. If this is the case, the Step S11 executed again, ie waited until the trigger mark is reached again. If, on the other hand, it is determined in step S17 that the measured values of the belt circulation are not yet complete, the procedure continues with step S12 until the belt circulation has ended.
- the tape drifting away can be kept to a minimum. Bumps in the scanned band edge do not affect the track accuracy of the
- the sampling frequency can be very easily adapted to higher or lower resolution requirements by simple changes, in particular in software running in the microprocessor. If the strip edge is cut imprecisely, the track accuracy can be increased again by increasing the sampling frequency.
- a triangular mark 60 is applied on a band-shaped intermediate image carrier, here a photoconductor band 13, that moves along a direction A.
- the mark 60 has a first edge 62 perpendicular to the running direction A, and a second edge 63 running obliquely to the running direction A.
- the mark 60 thereby forms a triangular shape.
- the mark 60 can be formed in the band 13 as a mechanical recess or can be applied to the band only as a fine surface structure, such structures, for example, by laser ablation, laser coating, surface coating by vapor deposition or deposition, plasma etching, wet chemical etching or also by developing a photographic one Process can be applied as an optical brand.
- Detector 61 is provided. Depending on the design of the marks 60, a corresponding sensor is to be provided which recognizes this mark 60 on the belt 13.
- An optical mark 60 is scanned, for example, with a photoelectric sensor, in the example of FIG. 6 with a CCD line camera.
- Line camera 61 can be an optical device, e.g. by a lens, em lens or a fiber optic, with which the band are sharply imaged on the camera sensors.
- a snapshot is used to determine where the mark 60 is at a specific point in time relative to the line camera 61.
- the snapshot is created by means of an electronic timer and / or a short-time lighting (flash). Deviations of the
- the tape position, ie the reference mark 60, relative to a target position can then be clearly detected with the detector 61.
- the line camera 61 is dimensioned with respect to the transport direction A in such a way that it can reliably recognize the mark 60 along the transport direction within an expected range of deviation of the belt run. For example, it is expected that the tape Positional deviations per revolution of about one millimeter, the line detector must be able to detect at least one millimeter on the belt.
- the incoming edge 62 of the mark 60 lies perpendicular to the direction of movement A, it can be used to trigger the measurement itself, as a trigger point for determining an overall circulation of the tape 13 or another event, e.g. to determine the speed.
- the two triangular marks 60, 60a are offset from one another perpendicular to the direction of movement A by the distance ⁇ x. They are offset from one another by the distance ⁇ y in the direction of movement.
- the time interval between corresponding edges of the two marks 60, 60a defines the position of the tape 13 at a known tape speed.
- the speed can also be determined when the belt 13 is drifting.
- the track on the belt 13 detected by the sensor then follows track 65. For its deviation di from the target position at the mark 60 and the deviation d 2 at the mark 60 a results in the following relationship:
- ⁇ denotes the slope angle of the oblique edge.
- the belt speed v follows from the geometric distance .DELTA.y 'and the temporal distance .DELTA.t' of the marks 60, 60a, taking into account the lateral offset .DELTA.x and any belt drift, d-d 2 :
- FIG. 7b shows a method which is further improved compared to the measuring method shown in FIG. 7a.
- the marks 60, 60a are scanned on two tracks 66, 67, which are located at a known distance d.
- the belt position can also be achieved with a single sensor and a single mark as well as the belt speed be determined and used to regulate these two quantities.
- d distance of the tracks (known)
- ⁇ opening angle between the edges (known)
- v belt speed
- s l 2 edge distance in the tracks of the detectors t ]
- _ 2 temporal edge distance in the tracks of the
- the deviation d from the target position can thus be calculated:
- the two tracks 66, 67 can be evaluated as follows:
- the marks can also be detected at different locations along the direction of movement. This can be done in particular at different locations at the same time. For this, e.g. CCD area sensors that take a snapshot. The speed deviation is then determined by the relative spatial deviation (vertical line image after a time trigger) from a target position.
- an arrangement running across the direction of movement and having a large number of light-sensitive diodes can be used to scan several tracks.
- a lens can be used for scanning, with which the mark is imaged on the sensors. If, for example, you use a CCD line with a high resolution transverse to the direction of movement, a large number of tracks running parallel to one another can be recorded corresponding to the number of diodes in the lines.
- This fixed arrangement means both the track spacing is known exactly according to the respective pixel spacing and the measurement accuracy can be achieved by parallel evaluation of the many tracks due to a high statistical number of measurement results.
- Figure 8 shows different variants of suitable measuring marks. While the marks 68a, 68b have two evaluable edges with respect to the direction of movement A, the measuring marks 69a, 69b, 70a, 70b and 71a and 71b have more than two evaluable edges.
- the marks 71a and 71b have, for example, 6 evaluable edges, each corresponding to a light-dark transition along the transport direction A.
- the marks can consist of optical, electrostatic, magnetostatic or mechanical information.
- the timing for the lines defines a time interval between the marks based on the external requirements. This results in an identical time interval at the location of a sensor for each constant speed, so that a different difference suggests a changing speed.
- a difference value or a ratio is defined, which is a measure of the cumulative speed deviation for the time between the writing of the marks and the time between the respective dedications of the marks represents.
- the discrepancies between writing the second letter and proof of the first Brand are the same for both brands and also compensate each other in the Asus evaluation.
- a largely reduction of this period (time interval between the writing of individual marks) would then correspond approximately to the local distance of the detector at a given average speed. The measurement result is therefore more precise.
- a regulation to a time difference of zero then allows the constancy of a belt speed to be maintained without knowing its exact value. In order to ensure the constancy of the original speed, the sum of all determined
- Time differences are zero, i.e. on average there must be a corresponding one with the opposite sign at each time difference, so that the speed deviations compensate each other.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show an exemplary embodiment of the third aspect of the invention. As far as functionally similar components are shown, the reference numerals of FIGS. 1 and 2 are adopted.
- the mechanical tensioning and regulating unit shown consists of three basic components, namely a tensioning mechanism for tensioning the belt with a tensioning spring 86, the deflecting or regulating roller 1 and a regulating mechanism for tilting the regulating roller 1.
- the frame 7, which carries the deflection roller 1 has a nose-like projection 82, by means of which the tilting movement of the rotating frame 7 and thus the regulating roller 1 around the ball bearing guide 8 is effected.
- this nose-like frame support 82 acts as a guide surface with a lever arrangement 81.
- the lever rests on the frame bearing 82 via the ball bearing 84 without play and via a ball bearing 85 on an eccentric disc 80, which is driven by the motor 4, for tilting the frame 7.
- the freedom from play between the lever arrangement 81 and the eccentric 80 on the one hand and the Frame support 82 on the other hand is achieved by a preload which causes a spring 83 attached to the housing of the pressure device.
- the rotating frame 7 has freedom of movement in three directions. In the direction D along the axis 9 (in the bearing 8) along the direction D in the bearing 8 (FIG. 2) and along the direction F around the axis 88.
- the tensioning and regulating mechanism shown for the band 5 thus fulfills the following conditions:
- Bl The regulating roller 1 has a first degree of freedom (pivoting movement in direction F), which allows it to tilt to compensate for belt tolerances.
- B2 The regulating roller 1 has a second degree of freedom (linear movement in direction D), which retracts the regulating roller to relax the belt, e.g. when changing the band.
- B3 The regulating roller 1 has a third degree of freedom, by means of which it can carry out a play-free and jerk-free pivoting movement for regulating the lateral belt edge position in the direction E. A pivoting movement in the direction E does not affect the two conditions B1 and B2.
- Two independent guide surfaces are thus provided for guiding the rotating frame 7 or the deflection roller 1 stored therein, namely on the one hand the surface formed by the frame support 82 on which the ball bearing 84 rolls and the bearing 8 in which the axle 9 is mounted.
- the entire rotating frame 7 can be pretensioned along the direction D with the spring 86, so that a continuous endless belt 5 is held under tension (FIG. 10).
- the spring 86 lies in the area 95 on a base frame 89 fixed to the device.
- the pretension can be set or released completely by means of a lever 87, for example in order to replace the endless belt 5.
- FIG. 10 shows the arrangement in the installed state, the lever 87 being locked in the pretension position, in which the band 5 is held under tension.
- the belt drive is accomplished by means of the deflection roller 3, which is connected to a drive motor, not shown, for this purpose.
- a guide is provided on both sides of the prestressing spring 86, namely the linear guide 8 and a second linear guide 96 provided in the frame 89.
- the guide 9 of the axis 9 can be guided with high precision by means of this guide construction on both sides.
- the position of the motor 4 or the eccentric disc 80 was transferred to the guide surface 82 via the lever arm 81.
- the lever arm could be dispensed with and the eccentric movement could be transmitted directly from the eccentric disk 80 to the rotating frame 7 or to the guide surface 82.
- the eccentric disk 80 was then slid on the guide surface 82.
- the two surfaces of the eccentric disc 80 and the guide surface 82 are matched to one another in such a way that only a small coefficient of friction acts between them.
- FIG. 11 shows a mechanical scanner 52 for measuring the lateral band position.
- a lever arm 97 On a lever arm 97 is a mechanically resistant, with a hard one
- Ceramic surface coated readhead 90 attached, along which the lateral tape edge runs. Other low-wear materials such as hard metals or glass can also be used to coat or use the scanning head.
- a magnet 91 is attached, which interacts with a Hall sensor 92. A shift of the lateral band position causes one Lever movement and thus a signal in the Hall sensor 92. This signal is output to the microprocessor module 55, which regulates the lateral belt position.
- FIG. 12 shows a sensor 52 analogous to FIG. 11 and its function again schematically.
- the tape to be scanned here again an OPC tape 13 bears as a mark a notch 99 stamped into the lateral band edge 98. With this notch-shaped mark 99, the mark 52 of FIG. 12
- the lever 97 consists of a leaf spring mounted on a holder 100 and slightly preloaded relative to the band edge 98, which scans the contour of the band 13 along the direction G or follows its lateral drift movement in the direction G.
- the permanent magnet 91 is located on the leaf spring 97 and thus follows the movement of the band edge.
- the position of the magnet 91 is detected by the analog Hall sensor 92 and its output signal is used as an input variable for the control. If a Hall sensor with built-in amplifier is used, there is no need for additional electronics.
- a characteristic curve of the sensor results depending on the distance between the sensor 92 and the magnet 91, which corresponds qualitatively to the 1 / x function.
- This characteristic curve is shown in FIG. 13.
- the sensor 52 consequently becomes more sensitive the smaller the distance between the Hall sensor 92 and magnet 91.
- the sensitivity of the sensor 52 can be varied by the position of the working point of the control.
- the sensitivity at the operating point K p is therefore higher than at the operating point L p .
- the characteristic curve can be regarded as linear. If this property is not desired, a large magnet that is moved in the lateral direction or a linear characteristic can be achieved with two magnets.
- the stiffness of the spring 97 is adapted to the mass of the spring and the magnet and to the stiffness of the band edge in such a way that vibrations are largely avoided. Remaining natural vibrations of the spring, excited by the deflection of the band edge, can be further reduced by low-pass filtering the measurement signal or by mechanical damping elements.
- the band can be provided in the area of the
- a capacitive or inductive path or angle sensor could also be used for detecting the lever position and thus the lateral belt position.
- the invention has been described with a web-shaped recording medium, it can just as well be used for printing or copying machines which have intermediate band-shaped image carriers which ultimately print information on single sheets.
- sensors which are based on other physical effects, for example capacitive or inductive sensors, as long as the corresponding features (marks) to be detected are appropriately detectably adapted. For example, the marks can be left out and cause a different capacitance in the sensor than the material of a band surrounding the mark.
- the electronic procedures according to the invention can be implemented in a computer-controlled system in terms of software or hardware, in particular in the form of a computer program element.
- photoconductor belt and transfer belt are interchangeable with respect to many aspects of the present invention.
- the invention is not only suitable for regulating the lateral position of a photoconductor belt or transfer belt, but can in principle be used for any belt-shaped intermediate image carrier.
- the lateral position of a tape suitable for magnetography or a transfer tape can also be regulated in this way.
- the image generation on the transfer belt takes place at the connection point to the photoconductor belt and the image delivery in the transfer printing area to the recording medium (paper).
- Tl transfer module front side T2 transfer module, rear side
- Microprocessor module Data memory for belt contour Motor control Connection between microprocessor module and device control Triangular mark CCD line sensor Vertical edge Slanted edge Target track Track for band drift First track Second track a, b Marks a, b Marks a, b Marks a, b Marks, eccentric disk, rocker, frame support frame - Tension spring First ball bearing Second ball bearing Band tension spring Preload lever Rotation axis for degree of freedom F Device base frame 90 readhead
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19937776 | 1999-08-10 | ||
DE19937776 | 1999-08-10 | ||
PCT/EP2000/007403 WO2001011432A1 (de) | 1999-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Verfahren und steuerung zur positionsregelung eines bandförmigen bildträgers in einem elektrographischen gerät |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1203269A1 true EP1203269A1 (de) | 2002-05-08 |
EP1203269B1 EP1203269B1 (de) | 2007-03-21 |
Family
ID=7917880
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP00958339A Expired - Lifetime EP1203269B1 (de) | 1999-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Verfahren und steuerung zur positionsregelung eines bandförmigen bildträgers in einem elektrographischen gerät |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6721528B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1203269B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50014185D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001011432A1 (de) |
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US6754528B2 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2004-06-22 | Cameraon Health, Inc. | Apparatus and method of arrhythmia detection in a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter/defibrillator |
US6721597B1 (en) | 2000-09-18 | 2004-04-13 | Cameron Health, Inc. | Subcutaneous only implantable cardioverter defibrillator and optional pacer |
DE10147684A1 (de) | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-24 | Oce Printing Systems Gmbh | Verfahren zum Ausgleich eines Getriebespiels bei Reversierbetrieb und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
DE10160606B4 (de) | 2001-12-10 | 2006-02-02 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Führen eines bandförmigen endlosen Trägermaterials in einem elektrografischen Drucker oder Kopierer |
JP2004109469A (ja) | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 画像形成装置 |
DE10247455B4 (de) * | 2002-10-11 | 2006-04-27 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Einrichtung und Verfahren zum Regeln der Lage der Seitenkante einer kontinuierlichen Bahn |
US7131529B2 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2006-11-07 | Casa Herrera, Inc. | Oven conveyor alignment system apparatus and method |
US7184700B2 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2007-02-27 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method of determining color register and/or register errors in a printing machine |
US7155144B2 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-12-26 | Xerox Corporation | Photoreceptor belt tensioner providing low variation in belt tension as a function of belt length |
DE202005021983U1 (de) | 2005-07-15 | 2012-02-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Vorrichtung zur Erkennung einer Kante, insbesondere eines Bedruckstoffes, in einer Druckmaschine |
DE102005033759B4 (de) * | 2005-07-15 | 2012-04-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Verfahren zur Erkennung einer Seitenkante eines semitransparenten Bedruckstoffes in einer Druckmaschine |
JP4932205B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-27 | 2012-05-16 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | パイプコンベヤ |
JP5058506B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-10-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
RU2467369C2 (ru) * | 2006-12-22 | 2012-11-20 | Кэнон Кабусики Кайся | Деталь, передающая вращательное усилие |
JP2009203035A (ja) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | Seiko Epson Corp | ベルト斜行補正制御方法、ベルト搬送装置、記録装置 |
DE102008063955B4 (de) * | 2008-12-19 | 2012-02-23 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Verfahren zum Steuern und Regeln eines endlosen Bandes in einem Drucker oder Kopierer beim Verschwenken des Bandes |
US8175507B2 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-05-08 | Xerox Corporation | Transfer belt lateral position control apparatus and method |
US8326162B2 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-12-04 | Xerox Corporation | Belt tracking using two edge sensors |
DE102011009823A1 (de) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-16 | Eastman Kodak Co. | Transportband, Messvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Typs und der Position des Transportbandes |
JP6355432B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-27 | 2018-07-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | ベルトユニット及びこれを備える画像形成装置 |
EP3023373A1 (de) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-05-25 | OCE-Technologies B.V. | Fördermechanismus und verfahren zur anpassung des fördermechanismus |
EP3028969A1 (de) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-06-08 | OCE-Technologies B.V. | Kalibrierungssystem für einen fördermechanismus und verfahren zum kalibrieren einer fördereinrichtung |
JP6417590B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-21 | 2018-11-07 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
US9378714B1 (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-06-28 | Kevin L. Baldwin, Sr. | Electronic drum |
JP6527064B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-26 | 2019-06-05 | 株式会社沖データ | ベルト、転写ベルトユニット、及び画像形成装置 |
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US5510877A (en) | 1994-04-20 | 1996-04-23 | Xerox Corporation | Method and apparatus for lateral registration control in color printing |
US5515139A (en) | 1994-08-29 | 1996-05-07 | Xerox Corporation | Apparatus and method for lateral belt control with backlash compensation |
US5903805A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1999-05-11 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Belt slippage correcting device which controls movement of the belt in a direction perpendicular to the belt transporting direction |
US5717984A (en) | 1996-01-11 | 1998-02-10 | Xerox Corporation | Driving, steering and tensioning roll for belt loops |
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EP0965070B1 (de) | 1997-03-03 | 2000-10-11 | Océ Printing Systems GmbH | Druck- und kopiergerät zum performance-angepassten, monochromen und/oder farbigen, ein- oder beidseitigen bedrucken eines aufzeichnungsträgers |
US6493533B1 (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2002-12-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus having a belt member and a driving roller for the belt member |
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- 2000-08-10 WO PCT/EP2000/007403 patent/WO2001011432A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-08-10 DE DE50014185T patent/DE50014185D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-10 US US10/049,194 patent/US6721528B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-08-10 EP EP00958339A patent/EP1203269B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO0111432A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1203269B1 (de) | 2007-03-21 |
DE50014185D1 (de) | 2007-05-03 |
WO2001011432A1 (de) | 2001-02-15 |
US6721528B1 (en) | 2004-04-13 |
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