EP1187972B1 - Elektromagnetischer aktuator und verfahren zur justierung des elektromagnetischen aktuators - Google Patents
Elektromagnetischer aktuator und verfahren zur justierung des elektromagnetischen aktuators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1187972B1 EP1187972B1 EP00942017A EP00942017A EP1187972B1 EP 1187972 B1 EP1187972 B1 EP 1187972B1 EP 00942017 A EP00942017 A EP 00942017A EP 00942017 A EP00942017 A EP 00942017A EP 1187972 B1 EP1187972 B1 EP 1187972B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- springs
- spring
- armature
- electromagnetic actuator
- electromagnets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of claim 1 and a Method for adjusting an electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of claim 7.
- the actuator includes two spaced apart electromagnets and one with the gas exchange valve in operative connection standing anchor, by magnetic force between the Electromagnet against the force of two against each other Acting springs is reciprocable.
- the actuator also has adjusting means with which the position of the Ankers with electroless electromagnets on the geometric Middle position between the two end positions of the Anchor is set.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, a electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of Specify a claim whose energy needs of Manufacturing tolerances little depends.
- the invention is Furthermore, the object of a method according to the Specify the preamble of claim 7, by the the dependence of the energy demand of the actuator of Manufacturing tolerances is minimized.
- the task is with an electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of claim 1 by the characterizing features of the claim 1 and in a method according to the preamble of claim 7 by the characterizing features of claim 7 solved.
- the springs are biased so that when compressed the springs are each predetermined by the limited stroke of the anchor Spring travel in both springs the same energy is stored. This achieves this one, that the anchor, when released from its two end positions and vibrates freely, the same distance approaches the two electromagnets. Consequently is the influence of manufacturing tolerances of the components, in particular the springs, reduced to the vibration behavior of the anchor.
- the total energy demand of the actuator optimized because both electromagnets due to the have the same power requirement for the same approaching armature.
- At least one of the springs has a nonlinear spring characteristic, advantageously a characteristic curve with a maximum value at one between the Electromagnet lying position of the armature, on. Due to the nonlinear Spring characteristic of one or both springs on the one hand ensures that the Anchor is accelerated with great forces, resulting in a high switching frequency On the other hand one achieves thereby that in the end positions of the anchor low Act forces, so that the energy requirement of the actuator for holding the Anchor in its final positions is low.
- the adjustment of the actuator can take place during the production of the actuator, however, it is also conceivable to adjust during operation to make changes to Operating variables, such as those due to temperature effects, wear or aging can occur, to compensate.
- the actuator according to the invention comprises one with a gas exchange valve 5 in force effect plunger 4, one with the plunger 4 across attached to the plunger longitudinal axis anchor 1, acting as a closing magnet Electromagnet 3 and acting as an opening magnet further electromagnet 2, which is spaced from the closing magnet 3 in the direction of the plunger longitudinal axis is arranged.
- the electromagnets 2, 3 each have an exciter coil 20 and 30 and mutually opposite pole faces. By alternating energization the two electromagnets 2, 3, d. H. the excitation coils 20 and 30, the Armature 1 along a limited by the electromagnets 2, 3 stroke between the electromagnet 2, 3 reciprocated.
- adjusting means 71, 72 for adjusting the bias of the springs 61, 62 is provided.
- the adjusting means 71, 72 may for example be designed as discs, which is a compression the springs 71, 72 cause and thus the bias of the respective spring 71, 72nd pretend. But they can also be designed to be controllable and a stepless variation allow the bias.
- one of the electromagnets 2, 3 by applying a Excitation voltage to the corresponding excitation coil 20 and 30 energized, d. H. switched on, or it is initiated a start-up routine by which the anchor 1 initially by alternately energizing the electromagnets 2, 3 in oscillation is offset after a settling time on the pole face of the closing magnet 2 or the pole face of the opening magnet 3 apply.
- the armature 1 When the gas exchange valve 5 is closed, the armature 1 is located as shown in FIG the pole face of the closing magnet 3 and he will be in this position - the upper end position - held, as long as the closing magnet 3 is energized.
- the closing magnet 3 Around to open the gas exchange valve 5, the closing magnet 3 is turned off and then the opening magnet 2 is turned on. The acting in the opening direction first spring 61 accelerates the armature 1 beyond the rest position.
- the armature 1 By now energized opening magnet 2, the armature 1 is additionally kinetic energy supplied, so that this despite any friction losses, the pole face of the opening magnet 2 reached and there - at the lower end position, this is in the Figure 1 indicated by dashed lines - held until the shutdown of the opening magnet 2 becomes.
- the opening magnet 2 off and the closing magnet 3 then turned on again. The armature 1 is thus by the second spring 62 to the closing magnet. 3 moved and is held there at the pole surface.
- the stroke Im of the anchor 1, the armature 1 passes through - the movement of the armature 1 is hereinafter referred to as flight -, is due to the predetermined distance limited between the electromagnets 2, 3.
- the courses of the spring forces the two springs 61, 62, d. H. the forces with which the springs 61, 62 on the Anchor 1 act, are dependent on the anchor position I and can be determined by Describe spring characteristics.
- the force-displacement diagram of Figure 2 is the spring characteristic the first spring 61 denoted by F1 and the spring characteristic of the second Spring 62 designated F2.
- the end values F10, F20 give the bias of the respective spring 61 or 62 on; they are set so that the area A1 under the spring characteristic F1 is equal to the area A2 under the spring characteristic F2.
- the areas A1 and A2 correspond while the energy stored in the respective spring 61, 62, when it is compressed due to the armature movement.
- the two spring characteristics 61, 62 intersect at a point that is the center of energy of the Ankers 1 pretends; this energetic middle position le, the armature 1 when de-energized Electromagnets 2, 3 occupies true for springs with different spring characteristics generally not with the geometric center position between the Electromagnet 2, 3 match.
- the main advantage of the first spring 61 is that on the one hand due to of the maximum value F13 of their spring characteristic F1 is able, despite the low Holding value F11 store so much energy that the armature 1 when relaxing the first spring 61 is moved at high speed, resulting in short switching times leads. Due to the low holding value F11, on the other hand, the power requirement for Holding the armature 1 in its upper end position and thus the energy requirement of the actuator low.
- the adjustment of the actuator takes place before installation of the actuator in the internal combustion engine.
- the bias of the second spring 62 on the End value F20 set at which a safe closing of the gas exchange valve. 5 is guaranteed.
- the result of this integration corresponds to the energy that this is stored in the second spring 62.
- the measurement of the spring force can doing this by means of a load cell or a dial gauge.
- the energy stored in the first spring 61 is also determined is when the armature 1 from its lower end position to its upper end position is moved, namely by measuring itself due to the armature movement resulting course of the spring force of the first spring 61 and by integration of this Course over the spring travel by which the first spring 61 is compressed in this case becomes. Subsequently, the energy values determined in this way are compared with each other and the bias of the first spring 61 set such that in the two springs 61, 61 the same energy is stored, if this by the stroke Im be compressed.
- the actuator is only after this setting in the internal combustion engine built-in.
- the actuator is prior to its startup adjusted.
- the Adjusting means controlled executed and the courses of the spring forces are measured with measuring means, act on the springs, for example, with pressure sensors, in particular with piezocrystals, measured.
- the adjusting means are then dependent on the measured spring forces controlled by control means such that during the the maximum possible compression of the springs 61, 62 in both springs the same energy is stored.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- einen elektromagnetischen Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils in einer Brennkraftmaschine,
- Figur 2
- ein erstes Kraft-Weg-Diagramm mit Federkennlinien,
- Figur 3
- ein zweites Kraft-Weg-Diagramm mit Federkennlinien.
Claims (7)
- Elektromagnetischer Aktuator mit zwei im Abstand zueinander angeordneten Elektromagneten und einem Anker (1), der gegen die Kraft zweier gegeneinander wirkender Federn (61, 62) zwischen den Elektromagneten (2, 3) entlang eines Hubwegs (lm) hin- und herbewegbar ist, wobei die Federn (61, 62) unterschiedliche Federkennlinien aufweisen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Federn (61, 62) derart vorgespannt sind, daß bei einer durch den Hubweg (lm) des Ankers (1) vorgegebenen Komprimierung der Federn (61, 62) in beiden Federn (61, 62) die gleiche Energie (A1, A2) gespeichert wird. - Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine der Federn (61, 62) eine nichtlineare Federkennlinie (F1) aufweist.
- Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Federkennlinie (F1) mindestens einer der Federn (61, 62) einen Maximalwert (F13) bei einer von den beiden Elektromagneten (2, 3) beabstandeten Position (Ix) des Ankers (1) aufweist.
- Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Stellmittel (71, 72) zur Einstellung der Vorspannung der Federn (61, 62) vorgesehen sind.
- Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Meßmittel zum Messen der Verläufe der Federkräfte der Federn (61, 62) vorgesehen sind.
- Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Steuermittel zum Ansteuern der Stellmittel nach Maßgabe der gemessenen Verläufe der Federkräfte vorgesehen sind.
- Verfahren zur Justierung eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators mit zwei im Abstand zueinander angeordneten Elektromagneten (2, 3) und einem entlang eines Hubwegs gegen die Kraft zweier gegeneinander wirkender Federn (61, 62) zwischen den Elektromagneten (2, 3) hin- und herbewegbaren Anker (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für jede Feder (61, 62) der Verlauf (F1, F2) der Federkraft gemessen wird, der sich ergibt, wenn die jeweilige Feder (61, 62) um einen dem Hubweg (Im) des Ankers (1) entsprechenden Federweg komprimiert wird, daß anhand der gemessenen Verläufe (F1, F2) der Federkräfte die Energie (A1, A2) ermittelt wird, die aufgrund der Komprimierung der jeweiligen Feder (61, 62) in dieser gespeichert wird, und daß die Vorspannung (F10, F20) einer oder beider Federn (61, 62) derart eingestellt wird, daß in beiden Federn (61, 62) die gleiche Energie (A1, A2) gespeichert wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19927823A DE19927823B4 (de) | 1999-06-18 | 1999-06-18 | Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und Verfahren zur Justierung des elektromagnetischen Aktuators |
| DE19927823 | 1999-06-18 | ||
| PCT/EP2000/005210 WO2000079106A1 (de) | 1999-06-18 | 2000-06-07 | Elektromagnetischer aktuator und verfahren zur justierung des elektromagnetischen aktuators |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1187972A1 EP1187972A1 (de) | 2002-03-20 |
| EP1187972B1 true EP1187972B1 (de) | 2003-09-24 |
Family
ID=7911669
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00942017A Expired - Lifetime EP1187972B1 (de) | 1999-06-18 | 2000-06-07 | Elektromagnetischer aktuator und verfahren zur justierung des elektromagnetischen aktuators |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6838965B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1187972B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19927823B4 (de) |
| PT (1) | PT1187972E (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000079106A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10051076C2 (de) | 2000-10-14 | 2003-12-18 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators |
| DE10308057A1 (de) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-09-09 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Vorrichtung mit einer Sensoreinheit und einer Auswerteeinheit zur Erfassung einer Gleichgewichtslage eines Ankers |
| JP4196940B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-29 | 2008-12-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電磁駆動弁 |
| DE102006005944A1 (de) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verbrennungsmotor mit einem elektrischen Ventiltrieb |
| US9784147B1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2017-10-10 | Thermal Power Recovery Llc | Fluid-electric actuated reciprocating piston engine valves |
| JP4525736B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-08-18 | 株式会社デンソー | リニアソレノイド |
| US8182023B2 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-05-22 | Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. | Plastically deformable spring energy management systems and methods for making and using the same |
| DE102011052528B3 (de) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Aktuatorvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Aktuatorvorrichtung |
| DE102015213628A1 (de) | 2015-07-20 | 2017-01-26 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Elektromagnetisch betätigbares Gaswechselventil und Verfahren zu dessen Steuerung |
| CH714321A1 (de) * | 2017-11-11 | 2019-05-15 | Liebherr Machines Bulle Sa | Verstellvorrichtung für eine Axialkolbenmaschine. |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1391955A (en) * | 1972-07-12 | 1975-04-23 | British Leyland Austin Morris | Actuating internal combustion engine poppet valves |
| US4831973A (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1989-05-23 | Magnavox Government And Industrial Electronics Company | Repulsion actuated potential energy driven valve mechanism |
| US4809742A (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1989-03-07 | Pneumo Abex Corporation | Control valve assembly including valve position sensor |
| DE3826978A1 (de) | 1988-08-09 | 1990-02-15 | Meyer Hans Wilhelm | Elektromagnetisch betaetigbare stellvorrichtung |
| JPH0281940A (ja) | 1988-09-16 | 1990-03-22 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 内燃機関のアイドル回転数制御装置 |
| DE3920931A1 (de) * | 1989-06-27 | 1991-01-03 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | Elektromagnetisch arbeitende stelleinrichtung |
| US5548263A (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1996-08-20 | Aura Systems, Inc. | Electromagnetically actuated valve |
| US5636601A (en) | 1994-06-15 | 1997-06-10 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Energization control method, and electromagnetic control system in electromagnetic driving device |
| WO1997017561A1 (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1997-05-15 | Aura Systems, Inc. | Hinged armature electromagnetically actuated valve |
| DE19529152B4 (de) * | 1995-08-08 | 2005-12-29 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Aus der Ruhelage selbstanziehender elektromagnetischer Aktuator |
| DE19631909A1 (de) | 1995-08-08 | 1997-02-13 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Justierung der Ruhelage des Ankers an einem elektromganetischen Aktuator |
| DE19641244B4 (de) * | 1996-10-07 | 2005-04-14 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Justierung eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators |
| DE29712148U1 (de) | 1997-04-29 | 1997-09-11 | GEA Till GmbH & Co., 65830 Kriftel | Vorrichtung zum Füllen von Gebinden |
| DE19725010C1 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-10-29 | Daimler Benz Ag | Vorrichtung zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils mit einem elektromagnetischen Aktuator |
| US6176208B1 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2001-01-23 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Electromagnetic valve driving apparatus |
| DE19733142C2 (de) | 1997-07-31 | 2001-11-29 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh | Verfahren zur Einleitung der Bewegung eines über einen elektromagnetischen Aktuator betätigten Gaswechselventils |
| DE19849036C2 (de) | 1998-10-23 | 2000-10-05 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Regeln eines elektromechanischen Stellantriebs |
| WO2000042298A1 (de) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-07-20 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Vorrichtung zum betätigen eines gaswechselventils |
| DE19927822C1 (de) * | 1999-06-18 | 2000-10-12 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Gleichgewichtslage seines Ankers |
-
1999
- 1999-06-18 DE DE19927823A patent/DE19927823B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-07 DE DE50003839T patent/DE50003839D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 WO PCT/EP2000/005210 patent/WO2000079106A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-07 EP EP00942017A patent/EP1187972B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 PT PT00942017T patent/PT1187972E/pt unknown
- 2000-06-07 US US10/019,336 patent/US6838965B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1187972A1 (de) | 2002-03-20 |
| PT1187972E (pt) | 2004-02-27 |
| WO2000079106A1 (de) | 2000-12-28 |
| DE50003839D1 (de) | 2003-10-30 |
| US6838965B1 (en) | 2005-01-04 |
| DE19927823A1 (de) | 2001-01-04 |
| DE19927823B4 (de) | 2004-08-12 |
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