EP1165947A1 - Doppelwandiges endrohr fur ein abgasrohr einer abgasanlage eines kraftfahrzeuges - Google Patents
Doppelwandiges endrohr fur ein abgasrohr einer abgasanlage eines kraftfahrzeugesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1165947A1 EP1165947A1 EP00925128A EP00925128A EP1165947A1 EP 1165947 A1 EP1165947 A1 EP 1165947A1 EP 00925128 A EP00925128 A EP 00925128A EP 00925128 A EP00925128 A EP 00925128A EP 1165947 A1 EP1165947 A1 EP 1165947A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- double
- inner shell
- outer shell
- shell
- walled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having flared outlets, e.g. of fish-tail shape
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/082—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of tailpipe, e.g. with means for mixing air with exhaust for exhaust cooling, dilution or evacuation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a double-walled end pipe for an exhaust pipe of an exhaust system of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Double-walled tailpipes of the aforementioned type are known from DE 196 51 608 C2 and the corresponding EP 0 848 144 AI.
- the inner shell and the outer shell are connected to each other at the outlet end of the end pipe, the inner shell engaging in the bent edge of the outer shell and being welded with its outlet-side end to the bent-in part of the outer shell. Otherwise, the inner shell and outer shell are non-contact with each other and the tailpipe is attached to the exhaust pipe via the inner shell. A circumferential air gap is thus provided between the inner shell and the outer shell.
- the inner and outer shells of the diaphragm are directly connected, so that despite the flow and cooling achieved through the air gap, this end area can be heated, which also leads to undesired, visible discoloration of the tailpipe Area of the outer shell leads.
- the connection provided between the inner shell and the outer shell in the known solution is also critical from a manufacturing point of view and, because of its position in the downstream end region of the tailpipe facing the viewer, also requires an optically perfect design.
- DE 78 38 091 UI discloses a single-walled tailpipe, that is to say a pipe screen, which can be pushed axially onto the exhaust pipe by means of a resilient support, the support simultaneously taking over the fixing with respect to the exhaust pipe.
- the resilient support is formed by a spring strip with flared spring bars, which, in the overlap area to the exhaust pipe, should allow an adjustment in diameter in addition to the attachment to the exhaust pipe, so that exhaust pipes of a certain diameter range can be covered with a panel size and correspond to the respective one Difference in diameter results in different air gap sizes, the air flow rate of which, based on the exhaust gas flow rate, cannot have a significant cooling effect if the diaphragm is directly exposed to the exhaust gas.
- the invention is intended to further develop a double-walled tailpipe of the type mentioned at the outset such that, despite simplified production, an improved cooling effect is achieved and tarnishing of the tailpipe - at least in the visible region - of the outer shell is generally avoided.
- this is achieved by the features of claim 1.
- the connection between the inner and outer pipe is moved from the outlet-side end region of the end pipe, which projects beyond the exhaust pipe, into an area in which the inner and outer shells overlap the exhaust pipe and in which the inner shell is supported against the exhaust pipe.
- the support being designed such that it has air inlet openings lying in the air gap or opening out onto the air gap.
- the inner shell based on the direction of flow, upstream of its connection and support against the exhaust pipe, has a radially outwardly widened and open-ended collar which extends radially outwards against the inner wall of the outer jacket supports.
- This collar can be formed as a ring collar with corresponding openings, but preferably by tabs lying at a distance from one another in the circumferential direction, and preferably has in the contour a fastening section adapted to the outer shell, that is to say an angled end section which adjoins the radial distance between the inner shell and adjoining outer shell bridging support section.
- An approximately Z-shaped contour preferably results for the support, viewed in cross section, the outer leg of the Z forming the fastening section, the web of the Z forming the support section and the inner leg of the Z cross section being formed by the region of the inner shell, which is pushed onto the exhaust pipe, whereby according to the invention the axial length of the overlap area can be limited by the fact that a stop is assigned to the inner shell, for example by appropriate steps or the like.
- the tabs can also have a bent-back end section, so that they are approximately U-shaped, between the exhaust pipe and the outer shell. de form supports, the free leg part being supported on the exhaust pipe. In this way, a simple bracket can also be realized, which allows a certain amount of play.
- the supports of the inner shell with respect to the outer shell are in the entry area to the air gap, and thus in relation to the air flow in the area of the lowest air temperature.
- the covering area between the inner shell and the exhaust pipe can be kept relatively short if, in a further embodiment of the invention, the outer shell at least in a partial area overlaps axially upstream beyond what is necessary for supporting the inner shell against the outer shell and if an additional fixation takes place in this partial area, for example by a screw connection of the outer shell with respect to the exhaust pipe.
- a support can be placed in an area that is normally removed from the field of view, for example, it can be assigned to the underside of the tailpipe.
- a corresponding securing of the inner shell pushed onto the exhaust pipe can also be achieved in that a corresponding securing arrangement is provided in the area of the overlap of the inner shell and the exhaust pipe, for example by one or more clamping screws which penetrate at least the inner shell against the exhaust pipe to be brought to support.
- a corresponding clamping screw connection can also be provided in the region of the collar which serves to support the inner shell against the outer shell.
- the inner shell is contact-free to the outer shell and in particular also ends at a distance, preferably with a small axial distance, from the radially inner end of the outer shell on the outflow side.
- the end of the outer shell is preferably rounded, for example rolled or crimped.
- the inner shell which practically forms an extension of the exhaust pipe, is adapted in cross-section to the free opening cross-section in the region of the end of the outer shell, and preferably is made somewhat smaller in outer dimension than the bent, curled or crimped end of the outer shell, this results in Within the scope of the invention, an additional suction effect, with the result that the air flowing through the air gap virtually forms a protective jacket between the exhaust gas and the outlet-side inner circumference of the outer shell, which contributes to the heating of the outer shell being kept low and both contamination by the exhaust gas and temperature discolouration of the end of the outer shell can also be avoided.
- the solution according to the invention can in particular also be implemented with a relatively short inner shell, extensions of the outer shell projecting beyond the inner shell also being able to be used or designed such that a funnel-like detection of the air flow supplied to the air gap results.
- an extensive fixation of the inner shell with respect to the outer shell by axially pressing in the inner shell can also be achieved by appropriate design of the support of the inner shell with respect to the outer shell, for example by a corresponding excess of the outer collar of the support collar of the inner shell with respect to the inner circumference of the outer shell achieve, so that an additional welded connection, which is also due to the position of the support in the installed state of the tailpipe in the vehicle in the invisible area, has only safety character.
- This securing can be done, for example, by spot welding one or more of the.
- the support collar of the inner shell is lashed against the outer shell.
- Fig. 1 shows a section through a double-walled tailpipe for an exhaust pipe of an exhaust system of a motor vehicle according to line II -II in Figure 1, partially schematic, and
- Fig. 2 is a view of the double-walled tailpipe according to Figure 1 in the direction of arrow II, again shown partially schematically.
- the figures show a double-walled end pipe 1 for an exhaust pipe 2 of an exhaust system of a motor vehicle (not shown further), wherein in the exemplary embodiment the exhaust pipe 2 has an oval cross section in the outlet-side end region and is provided with a partition 3.
- This at least optically double-flow design is exemplary, however, and the invention can be applied in the same way to exhaust pipes of round cross-section or other, customary cross-sections, in a single-flow or multi-flow design.
- the double-walled end pipe has an outer shell 4 and an inner shell 5, and is connected to the exhaust pipe 2 via its inner shell 5, which can be pushed onto the exhaust pipe 2 at the end, the inner shell 5 carrying the outer shell 4.
- the inner shell 5 is pushed onto the latter, the sliding path being able to be limited in a manner not shown by a stop collar or the like, which can be assigned to the inner circumference of the inner shell 5, the corresponding path limitation also can be formed by individual expressions or the like.
- the sliding path of the inner shell 5 onto the exhaust pipe 2 is relatively short and in the exemplary embodiment corresponds approximately to the radial width of the air gap 7, which is delimited from the inner shell 5 with respect to the outer shell 4.
- the radial support 9 is formed by a collar 10 which surrounds the inner shell 5 and which has an axial fastening section 11 which connects to a support section 12 which bridges the radial distance between the inner shell 5 and the outer shell 4.
- the air inlet openings 8 are provided in this support section.
- the collar 10 can also be designed to be loosened, for example formed by tabs 20 spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and having a Z-shaped contour in cross section according to FIG. 1, the outer Z leg forming the axial fastening section 11 , the radial web of the Z cross section acts as a support section 12 and the inner leg of this cross section Z-shaped support 9 is formed by the inner shell 5.
- tailpipe 1 shows that the length of the axial fastening section 11 corresponds approximately to the width of the plug seat 17, via which the inner shell 5 is held on the exhaust pipe 2.
- the function of the tailpipe 1 according to the invention can be realized regardless of whether the end cross-section of the double-walled tailpipe 1, as in the exemplary embodiment, is inclined to the axis of the exhaust pipe 2, whether an end plane perpendicular to the axis of the exhaust pipe 2 is sought, or whether the exhaust pipe is one has end cross-section lying obliquely to its axis.
- a screw connection 13 in the exemplary embodiment which is associated with an axial extension of the outer shell 4, which is based on the exhaust gas stream 15 extends upstream and which is preferably designed as an air scoop.
- a particularly high air throughput can be achieved if this air scoop is funnel-shaped.
- a fastening bracket 14 can be assigned to the screw connection 13 on the exhaust pipe 2.
- the screw connection 13 is preferably located on the underside of the end pipe 1, so that it is removed from the field of view. The screw connection 13 secures both in the axial direction, but also prevents pivoting movements of the tailpipe 1 with respect to the exhaust pipe 2.
- the annular gap 18 lies between the outer circumference of the inner shell 5, which ends shortly before the outlet-side end 19 of the outer shell 4, and the outer shell 4.
- the outer shell 4 is rolled up in this end region and that of the exhaust gas outlet opening - its clear width in FIG.
- the plane of the drawing is designated by 21 - the surrounding rolled-up end section of the outer jacket extends radially up to close to the outer circumference of the inner shell 5, so that the annular gap 18 in the form of a Venturi nozzle acting in the outlet area results in a suction effect in connection with a cooling air duct, which, as indicated , extensive shielding of the exhaust gas flow 15 from the outlet-side end of the outer jacket causes so that the outer shell 4 is heated up only comparatively little and dirt and discoloration of the outer shell 4 is counteracted in its visible free end region.
- the free cross section of the annular gap 18 is preferably smaller than the cross section, in particular the inlet cross section of the air gap 7.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05005353A EP1541825A3 (de) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-03-21 | Doppelwandiges Endrohr einer Kraftfahrzeugabgasanlage |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914426A DE19914426C2 (de) | 1999-03-30 | 1999-03-30 | Doppelwandiges Endrohr für ein Abgasrohr einer Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
| DE19914426 | 1999-03-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2000/002469 WO2000060222A1 (de) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-03-21 | Doppelwandiges endrohr fur ein abgasrohr einer abgasanlage eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05005353A Division EP1541825A3 (de) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-03-21 | Doppelwandiges Endrohr einer Kraftfahrzeugabgasanlage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1165947A1 true EP1165947A1 (de) | 2002-01-02 |
| EP1165947B1 EP1165947B1 (de) | 2005-06-01 |
Family
ID=7902960
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05005353A Withdrawn EP1541825A3 (de) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-03-21 | Doppelwandiges Endrohr einer Kraftfahrzeugabgasanlage |
| EP00925128A Expired - Lifetime EP1165947B1 (de) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-03-21 | Doppelwandiges endrohr fur ein abgasrohr einer abgasanlage eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05005353A Withdrawn EP1541825A3 (de) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-03-21 | Doppelwandiges Endrohr einer Kraftfahrzeugabgasanlage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6595318B2 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP1541825A3 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19914426C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000060222A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE10123567A1 (de) | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-28 | Porsche Ag | Montierbares Auslassrohr für einen Endschalldämpfer sowie Endschalldämpfer für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE10140435C1 (de) * | 2001-08-17 | 2002-12-12 | Porsche Ag | Abgasanlage mit einer Endrohrvorrichtung |
| DE10205649C1 (de) * | 2002-02-12 | 2003-06-26 | Neef Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer auf das Ende eines Kraftfahrzeug-Auspuffrohres aufsetzbaren Blende und eine nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Blende |
| USD468673S1 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2003-01-14 | American Products Company, Inc. | Illuminated tail pipe extension |
| US20040206573A1 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-10-21 | Hsu Henry T. H. | Muffler exhaust tip |
| DE10258250A1 (de) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-15 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag | Heckverkleidungsteil mit einer daran befestigten Abgasendrohrblende |
| DE10355472B4 (de) * | 2003-11-27 | 2009-06-04 | Daimler Ag | Endrohrblende für eine Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| CA2455485A1 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-07-21 | Lt Exhaust Systems Inc. | Anti-reversion apparatus |
| USD533189S1 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-12-05 | C & L Performance, Inc. | Inlet pipe |
| USD533191S1 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2006-12-05 | C & L Performance, Inc. | Air flow inlet |
| US8001775B2 (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2011-08-23 | Daimler Trucks North America Llc | Vehicle exhaust dilution and dispersion device |
| USD533878S1 (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2006-12-19 | C & L Performance, Inc. | Auto intake plenum |
| DE102006020628A1 (de) * | 2006-05-04 | 2007-11-08 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag | Abgasanlage |
| DE102006024269A1 (de) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-29 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag | Abgasanlage |
| JP4380670B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-10 | 2009-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 自動車後部構造 |
| US7461506B2 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-12-09 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Exhaust gas cooler |
| US7788960B2 (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2010-09-07 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Multi-walled tube and method of manufacture |
| JP2008111356A (ja) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-15 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 自動二輪車の排気装置及び該排気装置を備えた自動二輪車 |
| JP2008111357A (ja) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-15 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 自動二輪車の排気装置 |
| US7604093B2 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2009-10-20 | Daimler Trucks North America Llc | Exhaust diffuser for vehicle |
| DE102006051850A1 (de) * | 2006-11-03 | 2008-05-08 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag | Endrohrblende |
| US7757482B2 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2010-07-20 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Variable geometry exhaust cooler |
| US8550122B2 (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2013-10-08 | Nissan North America, Inc. | Exhaust finisher retention operation |
| US20110192153A1 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Keith Jonathan Schmidt | Exhaust after treatment assembly |
| KR101209732B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-12-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량 배기 파이프용 테일 트림 어셈블리 |
| KR101210047B1 (ko) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-12-10 | 기아자동차주식회사 | 매연흡착방지 타입 테일트림 |
| US8443928B2 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-05-21 | Liang Fei Industry Co., Ltd. | Exhaust tail pipe |
| JP5906663B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-27 | 2016-04-20 | スズキ株式会社 | エンジンの排気装置 |
| KR101405197B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-10 | 기아자동차 주식회사 | 소음장치의 테일 파이프 |
| US9523304B2 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2016-12-20 | Futaba Industrial Co., Ltd. | Exhaust pipe |
| US9328648B2 (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2016-05-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Protective shield to reduce exhaust soot and condensate deposition |
| US9536040B2 (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2017-01-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods for designing an exhaust assembly for a vehicle |
| US9346350B2 (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2016-05-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Flush and sub-flush protective shields to reduce exhaust soot and condensate deposition |
| DE102016202056B3 (de) | 2016-02-11 | 2017-03-16 | Cisma Solutions Aps | Abgasauslasssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Abgasauslasssystem sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Abgasauslasssystems |
| JP2017160639A (ja) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | 日立建機株式会社 | 作業機械の排気装置 |
| DE102016123114A1 (de) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-05-30 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Fahrzeugkomponente |
| FR3064554B1 (fr) * | 2017-04-04 | 2020-07-24 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Ligne d’echappement de vehicule |
| DE102017214197B4 (de) * | 2017-08-15 | 2021-04-22 | Cisma Solutions Aps | Anordnung und Verfahren zur Abbremsung der Verschiebung einer Endrohrblende |
| DE102018200311A1 (de) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Motorradabgaskrümmer |
| DE102022119557B3 (de) * | 2022-08-04 | 2023-06-29 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Abgasendrohranordnung für eine Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
| MX2024003192A (es) | 2023-03-17 | 2024-09-18 | Polaris Inc | Sistema de aire/escape para un vehiculo. |
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| DE7838091U1 (de) * | 1979-07-05 | Hermann J. Schulte Kg, 5750 Menden | Federklemme zur Befestigung von Rohrblenden für verschiedene Rohrdurchmesserbereiche | |
| DE3010598C2 (de) * | 1980-03-20 | 1984-05-24 | Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln | Durch Umgebungsluft gekühltes Abgasrohr |
| US4487289A (en) * | 1982-03-01 | 1984-12-11 | Nelson Industries, Inc. | Exhaust muffler with protective shield |
| JPS62131927A (ja) * | 1985-12-04 | 1987-06-15 | Hitachi Ltd | ガスタ−ビン燃焼器尾筒の冷却構造 |
| JP2567844B2 (ja) * | 1986-07-22 | 1996-12-25 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 車両の排気ガス消音器 |
| US4969537A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-11-13 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Muffler assembly and method of manufacture |
| US5220137A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1993-06-15 | Howerton Kenneth R | Engine exhaust muffler |
| US5321215A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-06-14 | Nelson Industries, Inc. | Vertical exhaust system incorporating a water trap |
| JPH07102967A (ja) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-18 | Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd | 排気管用テールパイプ |
| US5466900A (en) * | 1994-03-04 | 1995-11-14 | Knapp; William | Tail pipe adapter |
| JPH08284657A (ja) * | 1995-04-18 | 1996-10-29 | Umex:Kk | フイニツシヤー |
| DE19651608C2 (de) | 1996-12-12 | 1998-10-15 | Porsche Ag | Doppelwandiges Endrohr für ein Abgasrohr einer Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| US5831223A (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 1998-11-03 | Kesselring; Stephen H. | Self-tuning exhaust muffler |
| US5934959A (en) * | 1997-11-10 | 1999-08-10 | Inman Marine Corporation | Marine muffler |
| US6116377A (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-09-12 | Dugan; Jimmie Robert | Sound attenuation devices for internal combustion engines |
| JP3821346B2 (ja) * | 1999-05-21 | 2006-09-13 | スズキ株式会社 | マフラカッタ構造 |
-
1999
- 1999-03-30 DE DE19914426A patent/DE19914426C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-03-21 EP EP05005353A patent/EP1541825A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-03-21 DE DE50010460T patent/DE50010460D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-21 EP EP00925128A patent/EP1165947B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-21 WO PCT/EP2000/002469 patent/WO2000060222A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-09-28 US US09/965,911 patent/US6595318B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0060222A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6595318B2 (en) | 2003-07-22 |
| DE19914426C2 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
| DE19914426A1 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
| EP1165947B1 (de) | 2005-06-01 |
| DE50010460D1 (de) | 2005-08-18 |
| EP1541825A3 (de) | 2008-08-13 |
| US20020053483A1 (en) | 2002-05-09 |
| WO2000060222A1 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
| EP1541825A2 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
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