Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
  • C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
  • C06B33/06—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
  • C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing pyrotechnic igniter charges based on metal powders or metal hydrides, potassium perchlorate and binders.
• Pyrotechnic phrases are mixtures of solid substances in mostly powdery form, the components of which mainly consist of reducing agents and oxidizing agents.
• an appropriate amount of energy e.g. B. in the form of an ignition flame
• a redox process is initiated: depending on the structure and arrangement, the pyrotechnic charge burns more or less violently.
• Pyrotechnic phrases are used in a variety of ways and are used e.g. B. as ignition heads of matches, in light and signal ammunition, in smoke and mist bodies, in gas generators, for. B. for safety air cushions (airbags) and used in numerous different arrangements for fireworks.
• Pyrotechnic kits are usually produced by dry mixing the individual components. If this is done by hand, the crushed components are pressed through sieves and mixed. In the case of mechanical mixing, the components of the pyrotechnic set are possibly mixed unmixed into containers after prior comminution and homogeneously mixed in this by means of stirrers, rotary movements of the mixing container or devices applying shear forces.
• the mixing devices are tumble mixers, tetrahedron mixers, planetary mixers or derived and also combined mixers used.
• Pyrotechnic phrases are often used as granules because they are easier to pour and dose in this form.
• the granulation is done by adding a suitable solvent to the dry batch and mixing in special containers.
• the solvent can already contain the binder in solution, or the binder component, which is swellable or soluble in the solvent, is already in powder form in the pyrotechnic compound, so that when the solvent is added, adhesive forces can form which ultimately lead to the form of granules .
• Special granule mixers are provided to form the granulate shape. The solvent is then removed again by drying, so that a meterable bulk material is obtained.
• This method is used in particular when mixing pyrotechnic primers.
• solvents e.g. B. water
• the pyrotechnic primers can be made much safer than when dry. Nevertheless, the energy stored in ignition kits is so high that the effect of an accident-related triggering prohibits their processing by hand even when wet.
• the amount of mixture in the mass must be kept small, usually less than 100 grams, so that triggering remains manageable even during manufacture.
• Another difficulty with this method is the measurement of the amount of liquid. On the one hand, it must be large enough to significantly reduce the risk of triggering when the sentence is mixed; on the other hand, the subsequent drying time increases with increasing amount of liquid; in addition, the risk of cracks and voids forming when drying increases: cracks and voids endanger the safe function of the primer when it is ignited. Since after the preparation of the mixture in the subsequent metering for the application, the liquid is also metered in, but is not involved in the actual conversion of the ignition mixture, the liquid content of the mixture must be precisely determinable and also kept constant during metering. Only then will the igniter charges have uniform properties during the subsequent drying.
• liquid pasty mixtures for pyrotechnic primers with components of different density, solubility or electrical environment i. H. Formation of dipoles or charging in the same or opposite directions, relatively difficult to handle.
• the different solid components in the mixtures have different
• the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing pyrotechnic primers of the type in question, with which the components used are mixed homogeneously, while at the same time the risk of triggering the mixture is significantly reduced and a reproducible dosage is made possible.
• a homogeneous suspension is produced from the individual components for the pyrotechnic ignition charge with the aid of a suitable liquid dispersant, this being carried out with the aid of ultrasound he follows.
• the mixture is dosed immediately afterwards in this consistency, e.g. B. in lighters or on igniters.
• the grain sizes of the solids used, ie metal powder or metal hydrides and the potassium perchlorate are less than 50 ⁇ m, preferably less than 20 ⁇ m.
• both an optimal mixing of the components and a suitable viscosity of the suspension for the subsequent metering can be achieved.
• the energy required for the homogeneous distribution of the components in the suspension is introduced into the mixture by cavitation.
• the cavitation is generated by ultrasound with frequencies preferably greater than 16 kHz. With the implosion of the gas bubbles resulting from the cavitation, temperatures of approx. 5500 ° C and pressures up to 500 bar can be reached.
• Another feature of the invention is that the components are mixed directly in the container from which subsequently is also metered to the preparation of the dispersion. This is e.g. B. by using appropriately shaped sonotrodes, very possible.
• the mixtures are e.g. B. in cartridges or cartridges, which are then used in a metering device.
• the liquid mixtures are then metered into the prepared igniter housing or onto igniter elements using light pressure or vacuum.
• the cartridges or cartridges containing the ignition mixture can be exposed to mechanical vibrations or sound waves.
• Another application of the invention while avoiding the dangers that can occur when mixing larger quantities is the dosing of premixed components that are not or only slightly explosive in suspension in a relatively small mixing space and the subsequent filling or dosing in z.
• the mixing room can be provided with a sonotrode connection or a mechanical sonotrode contact.
• the method according to the invention for the production of pyrotechnic ignition charges based on metal powders, metal hydrides, potassium perchlorate and binders therefore consists of the process steps:
• An exemplary composition of the ignition mixture is:
• the ratio of solid to dispersant is variable and, based on experience, is in the range of 70 to 80% solids.
• Titanium or zirconium or their hydrides are preferably used as the metal.
• the binder is preferably selected from the group of the fluorinated polymeric aliphates.
• the dispersant preferably acts as a solvent for the binder and preferably comes from the series of aliphatic ketones. Acetone or methyl ethyl ketone have proven effective for this.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Air Bags (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7869260

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (14)

Family Cites Families (28)

• 1998
  • 1998-05-28 DE DE19823999A patent/DE19823999C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-04-16 KR KR1020007013169A patent/KR100570574B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-04-16 JP JP2000550806A patent/JP2002516250A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-04-16 AU AU43584/99A patent/AU752432B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1999-04-16 AT AT99926266T patent/ATE222580T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-04-16 DE DE59902415T patent/DE59902415D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-04-16 EP EP99926266A patent/EP1089955B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-04-16 US US09/701,275 patent/US6783616B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-04-16 CA CA002332903A patent/CA2332903A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-04-16 WO PCT/DE1999/001160 patent/WO1999061394A1/fr active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events