EP1088335B1 - Lampe a decharge comportant un culot - Google Patents
Lampe a decharge comportant un culot Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1088335B1 EP1088335B1 EP00909045A EP00909045A EP1088335B1 EP 1088335 B1 EP1088335 B1 EP 1088335B1 EP 00909045 A EP00909045 A EP 00909045A EP 00909045 A EP00909045 A EP 00909045A EP 1088335 B1 EP1088335 B1 EP 1088335B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- base
- discharge lamp
- discharge
- base according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J5/50—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it
- H01J5/54—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it supported by a separate part, e.g. base
- H01J5/58—Means for fastening the separate part to the vessel, e.g. by cement
- H01J5/60—Means for fastening the separate part to the vessel, e.g. by cement for fastening by mechanical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
- H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
- H01J65/046—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using capacitive means around the vessel
Definitions
- the invention is based on a discharge lamp with a base according to the preamble of claim 1.
- discharge lamp includes sources of electromagnetic radiation based on gas discharges.
- the spectrum of the radiation may include both the visible range and the UV (ultraviolet) / VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) range and the IR (infrared) range.
- UV ultraviolet
- VUV vacuum ultraviolet
- IR infrared
- a dielectrically impeded electrode is separated from the interior of the discharge vessel by means of a dielectric.
- This dielectric can be embodied, for example, as a dielectric layer covering the electrode, or it is formed by the discharge vessel of the lamp itself, namely when the electrode is arranged on the outer wall of the discharge vessel.
- the document EP-A-0 433 916 discloses a tubular discharge lamp having an inner electrode and an outer electrode.
- the discharge lamp is inserted with its one end in a trough-shaped socket.
- the socket on two spring contacts, which make electrical contact with the two electrodes.
- the document DE-A-197 18 395 shows a tubular discharge lamp with inner and outer electrodes and a cup-shaped base, which is arranged at one end of the discharge lamp. From the pedestal base protrude two pin-shaped socket contacts, which are connected in the interior of the base with the electrodes.
- the invention relates to a system with this discharge lamp with base and a circuit arrangement which is designed for a pulsed active power input into the discharge lamp.
- the basic idea of the invention is to provide a spacing between the base and the outer wall of the discharge vessel. It has been shown that the problems described in the introduction are completely avoided as soon as the distance is only sufficiently large.
- the power supply lines of the outer electrodes are arranged such that their distance from the inner electrode or the power supply of the inner electrode does not fall below the distance between each outer and inner electrode.
- means are provided which prevent the power supply lines of the outer electrodes to contact the outer wall of the discharge vessel at the points at which the outer diameter of the discharge vessel is less than at the point where the power supply lines are contacted with the outer electrodes. This relates primarily to the lamp base, at the beginning of which the discharge vessel usually tapers.
- an electrical conductor surrounding the longitudinal axis of the discharge lamp is provided here as means, to which the power supply lines of all external electrodes are suitably contacted.
- Suitable for example, is a metallic ring arranged concentrically to the lamp longitudinal axis, the diameter of which is at least twice the distance between the inner electrode and a contact point of a power supply with an outer electrode. In this way, a sufficient distance between the power supply lines of the outer electrodes and the lamp base is ensured.
- the electrical conductor may also be formed as a metal disc, which has a recess for receiving the lamp base.
- the base is a piece over the discharge vessel pulled up such that the power supply lines of the outer electrodes and the metal ring or sheet metal disc are protected by the base against accidental contact.
- the base is attached by means of a fastener to the lamp base of the lamp. In this way it is possible to realize the required distance to the outer wall of the discharge vessel. More details can be found in one embodiment.
- a fastener for example, is a potting compound.
- the base on a base sleeve. At least a portion of the space between the base sleeve and the lamp base is poured using the potting compound. In this way, the base is attached to the lamp base.
- both the base sleeve and the potting compound have a sufficient distance from the enclosed by the wall of the discharge vessel gas space, in particular to the part of the discharge vessel in which the dielectrically impeded discharge takes place during operation of the lamp.
- this can be achieved by covering the potting compound with only a portion of the lamp base, for example at the end of the lamp base remote from the discharge vessel.
- the typical minimum distance between the outer wall of the discharge vessel and the inner wall of the base sleeve is on the order of one to several millimeters. This has proven itself in practice to ensure at the usual tolerances of the diameter of the discharge vessel and the base sleeve and the centering of the discharge vessel in the base sleeve everywhere a sufficient distance and thus a high radiation efficiency of the lamp.
- an ionizable filling which preferably contains at least one noble gas, for example xenon or krypton, and alternatively additionally halogens or fluorides for the formation of excimers.
- the dielectrically impeded discharge generates intense UV / VUV radiation during lamp operation.
- UV / VUV-resistant materials are to be selected for both the potting compound and for the base sleeve.
- Glass, ceramic, certain Teflon-like plastics, e.g. PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) or generally UV-resistant PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene Teflon) -related plastics and metals.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- a particularly high radiation yield can be achieved with the lamp according to the invention having a pedestal, if, in accordance with the method described in US Pat WO 94/23442 described method for pulsed active power input is operated.
- the socketed lamp with a circuit arrangement which is designed for a series of pulsed active power couplings into the discharge lamp is completed to form a system.
- the individual active power couplings are separated by pause times. Pulse widths and break times are according to the in the WO 94/23442 revealed doctrine coordinated so that the radiation efficiency is optimal.
- a discharge lamp 1 front view
- a flange-like base 2 section
- UV irradiation eg surface cleaning, photolytics, ozone generation, metallization, UV curing and others.
- the discharge lamp 1 has a circular-cylindrical discharge vessel 3 made of 0.7 mm to 1.5 mm thick quartz glass.
- the discharge vessel 3 has an outer diameter of about 40 mm.
- the inside of the discharge vessel 3 is filled with xenon at a pressure of 15 kPa.
- an elongated coiled inner electrode 4 of metal wire is arranged centrally.
- the respective diameters of the metal wire and the helix are 1 mm and 8 mm, respectively.
- the pitch h - i.e. the distance within which the helix makes a full turn - is 12 mm.
- On the outer wall of the discharge vessel 3 are six outer electrodes 5a-5f (the outer electrodes 5d-5f are not visible in the figure) in the form of 12 cm long platinum strips equidistant and mounted parallel to the helical longitudinal axis.
- the discharge vessel 3 is closed like a dome and has in the center of the dome on a pump tip 6, in which a first end of the coil electrode 4 is fixed.
- the discharge vessel 3 tapers and merges into a pinch seal 7.
- the pinch seal 7 ensured by means of a sealing film 8 made of molybdenum gas-tight connection of the coil electrode 4 with an external power supply 9.
- the external electrodes 5a-5f, each with a power supply 10a-10f (the power supply lines 10d to 10f are not visible in the figure) connected, which in turn are connected to each other by means of a wire ring 11 made of nickel.
- the wire ring 11 is connected to an outwardly leading power supply 12.
- This external power supply 12 thus serves as a common power supply for all external electrodes 5a-5f.
- the diameter of the wire ring 11 corresponds approximately to the diameter of the discharge vessel. 3
- the base 2 (in sectional view) consists of a rotationally symmetrical base sleeve 13 and a potting compound 14 made of ceramic putty.
- the Sokkelhülse 13 has a tubular part 15 which merges at its lamp distal end in a flange-like part 16.
- the potting compound 14 fills along a portion of the total length of the pinch seal 7, the space between this part of the pinch seal 7 and the base sleeve 13. In this way, the base sleeve 13 is fixed by means of the potting compound 14 on the foot or on the pinch seal 7 of the lamp 1.
- the base sleeve 13 also encloses a portion of the discharge vessel 3 which is close to the squeeze seal and into which the helical electrode 4 and the external electrodes 5a-5f extend.
- the flange-like part 16 is used for connection in a process chamber for UV irradiation. If the potting compound 14 is selected from a suitable material with a correspondingly low vapor pressure, the radiator is also suitable for operation in evacuatable apparatus.
- the function of the raised base sleeve is primarily the protection of the power supply and the contacts between power supply and external electrodes. This is necessary because the power supply lines of the outer electrodes must by no means rest on the tapering part of the discharge vessel and are therefore arranged concentrically around the lamp base like a kind of crown. Through the raised Sokkelhülse it is now prevented that the power supply lines of the outer electrodes come by accidental contact undesirably close to the lamp base or even come into contact with it. Otherwise, namely between such a contact point and the inner electrode bright contracted discharge channels with high current densities, which leads to a reduction in the overall efficiency of the UV radiation of the radiator.
- the geometric dimensions of the discharge vessel 3 and the base sleeve 13 are coordinated so that between the outer wall of the discharge vessel 3 and the inner wall facing the base sleeve 13, an annular gap 17 with a width of about 3 mm.
- the inner diameter of the remaining base sleeve 13 in the region of the taper of the lamp base is only 42 mm.
- the wire ring 11 is designed as a sheet metal disc (separating plate), for example made of stainless steel.
- the separating plate has a recess which is adapted to the shape of the circumference of the pinch seal of the lamp. It is thereby achieved that the sheet metal disc can be accurately pushed over the pinch seal.
- the sheet metal disk is arranged in the region of the pinch seal, ie with sufficient distance from the actual discharge vessel, so that no parasitic gas discharges can affect the efficiency of the lamp.
- the sheet metal disc has the same function as the wire ring described above, namely to accomplish the electrical contact between the outer electrodes and the power supply on the one hand.
- the tin plate but also serves to protect the Sockelkitts before the gas discharge generated UV radiation.
- the outer diameter is chosen so large that the entire potting compound between pinch seal and base sleeve is covered. Another advantage is that during lamp production, the first soft potting compound between base sleeve and pinch seal can be filled without this can run past the sheet metal disk on the discharge vessel.
- the discharge lamp has a phosphor layer which converts the UV / VUV radiation into light (visible electromagnetic radiation).
- the power supply leads led out of the socket are connected to the terminals of a ballast which supplies the voltage pulses required for the operation of the lamp.
- a suitable circuitry for this purpose is for example in the EP-A-0 781078 whose disclosure content is hereby incorporated by reference.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Claims (15)
- Lampe à décharge (1) avec un culot (2), ladite lampe à décharge (1) comprenant :- une enceinte de décharge (3) dont la paroi enferme un remplissage ionisable,- des électrodes (4 ; 5a-5f), au moins l'une (4) des électrodes étant disposée à l'intérieur (électrode intérieure) et au moins l'une (5a-5f) des électrodes sur la paroi extérieure de l'enceinte de décharge (3) (électrode extérieure),- au moins une alimentation électrique extérieure (9, 10a-10f, 12),- une embase de lampe (7) au travers de laquelle ladite au moins une électrode intérieure (4) est reliée de manière étanche au gaz à ladite au moins une alimentation électrique extérieure (9),- le culot (2) comprenant une douille de culot (13), qui entoure au moins l'embase de lampe (7),caractérisée en ce que• la lampe (1) présente un moyen de fixation (14), par lequel la douille de culot (13) est fixée sur l'embase de lampe (7),• une distance est prévue entre la douille de culot (13) et la paroi extérieure de l'enceinte de décharge (3), laquelle distance définit un espace intermédiaire (17), et en ce que• les électrodes extérieures (5a-5f) sont reliées à travers des alimentations électriques associées (10a-10f) à un conducteur électrique (11) entourant l'axe longitudinal de la lampe à décharge, les alimentations (10a-10f) des électrodes extérieures (5a-5f) et le conducteur électrique (11) étant disposés dans l'espace (17) entre la douille de culot (13) et l'enceinte de décharge (3) resp. l'embase de lampe (7).
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la distance est au moins égale à 1 mm.
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le moyen de fixation est une masse de scellement (14).
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle la masse de scellement (14) ne recouvre qu'une partie de l'embase de lampe (7).
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, dans laquelle la masse de scellement (14) est composée d'un des matériaux suivants : mastic céramique, résine époxy ou ciment Sauereisen.
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'embase de lampe est réalisée sous forme de joint à écrasement (7).
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le remplissage ionisable contient un gaz noble, p.ex. le xénon, et/ou des halogènes ou fluorures pour la production d'excimères.
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le conducteur est réalisé sous forme d'anneau métallique (11) disposé concentriquement à l'axe longitudinal de la lampe à décharge.
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle le diamètre de l'anneau métallique (11) est au moins égal à deux fois la distance entre une électrode extérieure (5a-5f) et ladite au moins une électrode intérieure (4).
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le conducteur est réalisé sous forme de disque métallique présentant un évidement pour la réception de l'embase de lampe.
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle le diamètre extérieur du disque métallique est tel que le disque métallique recouvre intégralement le moyen de fixation entre embase de lampe et culot.
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le culot (2) se prolonge à son extrémité éloignée de la lampe par une bride (16).
- Lampe à décharge avec culot selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la lampe présentant une couche fluorescente.
- Système comprenant une lampe à décharge avec culot selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14 et un agencement de circuit pour faire fonctionner la lampe.
- Système selon la revendication 14, dans lequel ledit agencement de circuit est conçu pour une suite d'injections pulsées de puissance active dans la lampe à décharge et dans lequel les différentes injections de puissance active sont séparées l'une de l'autre par des temps de pause.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19916877 | 1999-04-14 | ||
DE19916877A DE19916877A1 (de) | 1999-04-14 | 1999-04-14 | Entladungslampe mit Sockel |
PCT/DE2000/000478 WO2000062330A1 (fr) | 1999-04-14 | 2000-02-19 | Lampe a decharge comportant un culot |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1088335A1 EP1088335A1 (fr) | 2001-04-04 |
EP1088335B1 true EP1088335B1 (fr) | 2012-07-04 |
Family
ID=7904561
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00909045A Expired - Lifetime EP1088335B1 (fr) | 1999-04-14 | 2000-02-19 | Lampe a decharge comportant un culot |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6686681B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1088335B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4619547B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100451453B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2334879C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE19916877A1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HUP0103722A3 (fr) |
TW (1) | TW451252B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000062330A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10112900C1 (de) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-07-11 | Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh | Excimer-Strahler, insbesondere UV-Strahler |
DE10222100A1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-27 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Dielektrische Barriere-Entladungslampe mit Sockel |
DE10327338B4 (de) * | 2003-06-16 | 2009-10-08 | Manroland Ag | Anschluss für einen Excimer-Strahler |
US7641364B2 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2010-01-05 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Adapter for light bulbs equipped with volatile active dispenser and light emitting diodes |
DE10336088A1 (de) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-03 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | UV-Strahler mit rohrförmigem Entladungsgefäß |
DE202006001907U1 (de) * | 2006-02-07 | 2006-04-13 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Entladungslampe mit vergossenem Sockel |
JP4805060B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-11 | 2011-11-02 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | フラッシュランプ |
KR101687519B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-29 | 2016-12-16 | 케이씨아이 라이센싱 인코포레이티드 | 개방-강 감압 치료 장치 및 시스템 |
US8399869B2 (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2013-03-19 | Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung | UV luminaire having a plurality of UV lamps, particularly for technical product processing |
US8663198B2 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2014-03-04 | Kalypto Medical, Inc. | Negative pressure wound therapy device |
IT1396609B1 (it) * | 2009-11-18 | 2012-12-14 | E M C Colosio S P A | Portalampada e metodo di realizzazione dello stesso. |
JP5947292B2 (ja) | 2010-06-04 | 2016-07-06 | アクセス ビジネス グループ インターナショナル リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 誘導結合誘電体バリア放電ランプ |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB433274A (en) | 1934-04-20 | 1935-08-12 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in metal caps for electric incandescent lamps, electric discharge devices and the like |
US2847603A (en) * | 1956-11-28 | 1958-08-12 | Digital Tech Inc | Glow discharge device |
US4138621A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-02-06 | General Electric Company | Short-arc discharge lamp with starting device |
GB2107110B (en) | 1981-09-11 | 1985-05-09 | Emi Plc Thorn | Discharge lamps |
JPS59128754A (ja) | 1983-01-14 | 1984-07-24 | Toshiba Electric Equip Corp | けい光ランプ |
DE3412489A1 (de) * | 1984-04-03 | 1985-10-03 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München | Einseitig gesockelte hochdruckentladungslampe |
JPH0711949B2 (ja) | 1989-12-20 | 1995-02-08 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | けい光ランプおよびこれを用いたランプ装置 |
DE9013279U1 (fr) | 1990-09-19 | 1990-11-22 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh, 8000 Muenchen, De | |
SE467715B (sv) | 1990-12-28 | 1992-08-31 | Goeran Helldin | Lysroerslampa samt saett vid tillverkning av lysroerslampa |
CA2059209C (fr) * | 1991-02-01 | 1997-05-27 | William J. Council | Systeme d'eclairage fluorescent rf |
DE4311197A1 (de) * | 1993-04-05 | 1994-10-06 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer inkohärent strahlenden Lichtquelle |
DE19517515A1 (de) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-14 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Entladungslampe und Verfahren zum Betreiben derartiger Entladungslampen |
DE19548003A1 (de) | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-26 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung von Impulsspannungsfolgen, insbesondere für den Betrieb von dielektrisch behinderten Entladungen |
EP0811240B1 (fr) * | 1995-12-21 | 2000-08-16 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Lampe a decharge basse pression sans electrode |
DE19624243A1 (de) * | 1996-06-18 | 1998-01-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Entladungslampe |
DE19636965B4 (de) | 1996-09-11 | 2004-07-01 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Elektrische Strahlungsquelle und Bestrahlungssystem mit dieser Strahlungsquelle |
DE19645959A1 (de) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-14 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Metallhalogenid-Hochdruckentladungslampe |
-
1999
- 1999-04-14 DE DE19916877A patent/DE19916877A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-02-19 JP JP2000611306A patent/JP4619547B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-19 US US09/701,930 patent/US6686681B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-19 EP EP00909045A patent/EP1088335B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-19 WO PCT/DE2000/000478 patent/WO2000062330A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2000-02-19 HU HU0103722A patent/HUP0103722A3/hu unknown
- 2000-02-19 CA CA002334879A patent/CA2334879C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-19 KR KR10-2000-7014156A patent/KR100451453B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-03-08 TW TW089104145A patent/TW451252B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1088335A1 (fr) | 2001-04-04 |
CA2334879C (fr) | 2008-11-18 |
JP2002541643A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
CA2334879A1 (fr) | 2000-10-19 |
KR100451453B1 (ko) | 2004-10-06 |
HUP0103722A3 (en) | 2002-04-29 |
US6686681B1 (en) | 2004-02-03 |
DE19916877A1 (de) | 2000-10-19 |
JP4619547B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 |
HUP0103722A2 (hu) | 2002-02-28 |
KR20010052830A (ko) | 2001-06-25 |
TW451252B (en) | 2001-08-21 |
WO2000062330A1 (fr) | 2000-10-19 |
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